fix(push): always provide encoded empty auth config to work around panic in Docker

* Set machine id in service container ENV

* Add machine id to clone of the container's env map to avoid exposing serialization format

* fix: panic on setting UNCLOUD_MACHINE_ID env var when Env is nil in the spec

---------

Co-authored-by: Pasha Sviderski <me@psviderski.name>

.dockerignore

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 # Allow files and directories.
 !cmd/
 !internal/
+!pkg/
 !scripts/docker/
 !go.*
 

.editorconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# EditorConfig is awesome: https://editorconfig.org
+
+root = true
+
+# Default settings for all files
+[*]
+charset = utf-8
+end_of_line = lf
+insert_final_newline = true
+trim_trailing_whitespace = true
+
+# Settings for Go files
+[*.go]
+indent_style = tab
+indent_size = 4
+
+# Settings for Bash scripts
+[*.sh]
+indent_style = space
+indent_size = 4

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+github: [psviderski]

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+---
+name: Bug Report
+about: Create a report to help us improve
+title: "[BUG] "
+labels: bug
+assignees: ""
+---
+
+**Describe the bug**
+
+<!-- A clear and concise description of what the bug is. -->
+
+**How to reproduce**
+
+<!-- Steps to reproduce the behavior:
+
+1. Run ...
+2. Do ...
+-->
+
+**Expected behavior**
+
+<!-- A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen. -->
+
+**Environment:**
+
+- Uncloud versions:
+  - Control (client) node (`uc --version`):
+  - Uncloud daemon (from the server) (`uncloudd --version`):
+- OS version (`uname -a`):
+  - Client (control node):
+  - Server:
+
+**Additional context**
+
+<!-- Add any other context about the problem here. -->

.github/copilot-instructions.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../AI.md

.github/workflows/go-tests.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+name: Go Tests
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - "main"
+      - "test/**"
+      - "release/**"
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - ".github/**"
+      - "**.go"
+      - "**.proto"
+      - "go.*"
+      - "Makefile"
+      - "scripts/**"
+      - "test/**"
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+
+      - name: Set up Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@d35c59abb061a4a6fb18e82ac0862c26744d6ab5 # v5.5.0
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.25.1"
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          go mod tidy
+          git diff --exit-code ||
+            (echo "go.mod or go.sum has changed. Please run 'go mod tidy' and commit the changes." && exit 1)
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: |
+          make ucind-image
+          make test
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+
+  check-protobuf:
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        # Run on more platforms so that mise lockfile checksums are checked/generated for all platforms.
+        # See https://github.com/jdx/mise/issues/4276 for details.
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+
+      - name: Install Mise
+        uses: jdx/mise-action@13abe502c30c1559a5c37dff303831bab82c9402 # v2.2.3
+        with:
+          version: "2025.9.6"
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+
+      - name: Generate Protobuf files
+        run: |
+          make proto
+          # check if the generated files are up to date
+          git diff --exit-code ||
+            (echo "Generated protobuf files are not up to date. Please run 'make proto' and commit the changes." && exit 1)

.github/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+name: Lint
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - "main"
+      - "test/**"
+      - "release/**"
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - "**.go"
+      - "go.*"
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+jobs:
+  lint:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+
+      - name: Set up Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@d35c59abb061a4a6fb18e82ac0862c26744d6ab5 # v5.5.0
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.25.1"
+
+      - name: golangci-lint
+        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@4afd733a84b1f43292c63897423277bb7f4313a9 # v8.0.0
+        with:
+          version: v2.4.0
+
+      - name: Format code
+        run: |
+          make format
+          git diff --exit-code ||
+            (echo "Code is not formatted. Please run 'make format' and commit the changes." && exit 1)
+
+    timeout-minutes: 10

.gitignore

@@ -27,8 +27,13 @@ go.work.sum
 .env
 .idea/
 
-data
-dist/
+/data/
+/dist/
+/uc
+/tmp
 
 # Web
 node_modules/
+
+# VS Code
+.vscode

.golangci.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+version: "2"
+
+run:
+  concurrency: 4
+  tests: true
+  timeout: 5m
+
+linters:
+  default: none
+  enable:
+    - bodyclose
+    # - dogsled
+    - dupl
+    # - errcheck
+    - gochecknoinits
+    - goconst
+    # - gocritic
+    # - gocyclo
+    # - godot
+    # - gosec
+    # - govet
+    - ineffassign
+    - misspell
+    - nakedret
+    # - prealloc
+    # - revive
+    # - staticcheck
+    - unconvert
+    # - unparam
+    # - unused
+    - whitespace
+  exclusions:
+    rules:
+      - path: ^test/e2e
+        linters:
+          - goconst  # constants here add no value, so we skip goconst only for test/e2e.
+
+formatters:
+  enable:
+    - gofumpt
+    - goimports
+

.goreleaser.yaml

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ builds:
     goarch:
       - amd64
       - arm64
+    ldflags:
+      - -s -w -X github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/version.version={{ .Version }}
 
   - id: uncloudd
     main: ./cmd/uncloudd
@@ -35,6 +37,8 @@ builds:
     goarch:
       - amd64
       - arm64
+    ldflags:
+      - -s -w -X github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/version.version={{ .Version }}
 
 archives:
   - id: uncloud

.mise.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+[[tools."aqua:vektra/mockery"]]
+version = "3.5.3"
+backend = "aqua:vektra/mockery"
+
+[tools."aqua:vektra/mockery".platforms.linux-x64]
+checksum = "sha256:ebce416b0175338525246c376885a1579ca6cd4d4015140ba0c70e6b5339a39c"
+size = 5498859
+url = "https://github.com/vektra/mockery/releases/download/v3.5.3/mockery_3.5.3_Linux_x86_64.tar.gz"
+
+[tools."aqua:vektra/mockery".platforms.macos-arm64]
+checksum = "sha256:a3a94b14c7414e148f2252199ffc4a0108d311358f3d336cbe05bb73cb203704"
+size = 5238877
+url = "https://github.com/vektra/mockery/releases/download/v3.5.3/mockery_3.5.3_Darwin_arm64.tar.gz"
+
+[[tools.go]]
+version = "1.25.1"
+backend = "core:go"
+
+[tools.go.platforms.linux-x64]
+checksum = "sha256:7716a0d940a0f6ae8e1f3b3f4f36299dc53e31b16840dbd171254312c41ca12e"
+size = 59660846
+url = "https://dl.google.com/go/go1.25.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz"
+
+[tools.go.platforms.macos-arm64]
+checksum = "sha256:68deebb214f39d542e518ebb0598a406ab1b5a22bba8ec9ade9f55fb4dd94a6c"
+size = 57906702
+url = "https://dl.google.com/go/go1.25.1.darwin-arm64.tar.gz"
+
+[[tools.golangci-lint]]
+version = "2.4.0"
+backend = "aqua:golangci/golangci-lint"
+
+[tools.golangci-lint.platforms.linux-x64]
+checksum = "sha256:fae792524c04424c0ac369f5b8076f04b45cf29fc945a370e55d369a8dc11840"
+size = 14126779
+url = "https://github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/releases/download/v2.4.0/golangci-lint-2.4.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz"
+
+[tools.golangci-lint.platforms.macos-arm64]
+checksum = "sha256:cd4dd53fa09b6646baff5fd22b8c64d91db02c21c7496df27992d75d34feec59"
+size = 13542526
+url = "https://github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/releases/download/v2.4.0/golangci-lint-2.4.0-darwin-arm64.tar.gz"
+
+[[tools.node]]
+version = "22.20.0"
+backend = "core:node"
+
+[tools.node.platforms.linux-x64]
+checksum = "sha256:eeaccb0378b79406f2208e8b37a62479c70595e20be6b659125eb77dd1ab2a29"
+size = 56645685
+url = "https://nodejs.org/dist/v22.20.0/node-v22.20.0-linux-x64.tar.gz"
+
+[tools.node.platforms.macos-arm64]
+checksum = "sha256:cc04a76a09f79290194c0646f48fec40354d88969bec467789a5d55dd097f949"
+size = 49838299
+url = "https://nodejs.org/dist/v22.20.0/node-v22.20.0-darwin-arm64.tar.gz"
+
+[[tools.protoc]]
+version = "27.3"
+backend = "aqua:protocolbuffers/protobuf/protoc"
+
+[tools.protoc.platforms.linux-x64]
+checksum = "blake3:8c2938accf7061164ea3968529a47ced1db4824ca553857f6903c68ae4347739"
+size = 3235873
+url = "https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v27.3/protoc-27.3-linux-x86_64.zip"
+
+[tools.protoc.platforms.macos-arm64]
+checksum = "blake3:650c2494c003e9fddd6f4164a0a36e31da51ae7e1e5208da8cb560a4fe886fcd"
+size = 2372763
+url = "https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v27.3/protoc-27.3-osx-aarch_64.zip"
+
+[[tools.protoc-gen-go]]
+version = "1.34.2"
+backend = "aqua:protocolbuffers/protobuf-go/protoc-gen-go"
+
+[tools.protoc-gen-go.platforms.linux-x64]
+checksum = "blake3:f765e393e0f0b25070c13848d88f5e6303e66090132afa1b753e981507a4174e"
+size = 1848331
+url = "https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf-go/releases/download/v1.34.2/protoc-gen-go.v1.34.2.linux.amd64.tar.gz"
+
+[tools.protoc-gen-go.platforms.macos-arm64]
+checksum = "blake3:c237256a7f718ac4ccdc037ee30025a0b7c3f79300d7831ec59d76d782443fd5"
+size = 1784028
+url = "https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf-go/releases/download/v1.34.2/protoc-gen-go.v1.34.2.darwin.arm64.tar.gz"
+
+[[tools.protoc-gen-go-grpc]]
+version = "1.5.1"
+backend = "aqua:grpc/grpc-go/protoc-gen-go-grpc"
+
+[tools.protoc-gen-go-grpc.platforms.linux-x64]
+checksum = "blake3:197739132f0408f017d0c83773ac1ace85c0572473fdd658ec6e4ccbf20e0552"
+size = 4859466
+url = "https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/releases/download/cmd/protoc-gen-go-grpc/v1.5.1/protoc-gen-go-grpc.v1.5.1.linux.amd64.tar.gz"
+
+[tools.protoc-gen-go-grpc.platforms.macos-arm64]
+checksum = "blake3:3c668207565d23ea2cf006d699207e3a804ebb929a534bd38a3b4ff4e941e00c"
+size = 4565944
+url = "https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/releases/download/cmd/protoc-gen-go-grpc/v1.5.1/protoc-gen-go-grpc.v1.5.1.darwin.arm64.tar.gz"

.mise.toml

@@ -1,5 +1,14 @@
+[settings]
+experimental = true
+
 [tools]
-go = "1.23"
+"aqua:vektra/mockery" = "3.5.3"
+go = "1.25.1"
+golangci-lint = "2.4.0"
+node = "22.20.0"
+protoc = "27.3"
+protoc-gen-go = "1.34.2"
+protoc-gen-go-grpc = "1.5.1"
 
 [env]
 _.file = ".env"

.mockery.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+packages:
+  github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/caddyconfig:
+    interfaces:
+      CaddyfileValidator:

AI.md

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+# AI.md - Uncloud Project Guide
+
+This document provides comprehensive information about the Uncloud project for AI assistants to understand the codebase, architecture, and development practices.
+
+## Project Overview
+
+**Uncloud** is a lightweight clustering and container orchestration tool that enables deployment and management of web applications across cloud VMs and bare metal servers. It creates a secure WireGuard mesh network between Docker hosts and provides automatic service discovery, load balancing, HTTPS ingress, and simple CLI commands for application management.
+
+### Key Characteristics
+
+- **Language**: Go
+- **Architecture**: Decentralized, no control plane
+- **Target**: Self-hosted infrastructure without Kubernetes complexity
+- **License**: View LICENSE file for details
+- **Status**: Active development, not yet ready for production
+
+## Core Features
+
+### 🏗️ Infrastructure
+
+- **Multi-machine deployment**: Combine cloud VMs, dedicated servers, and bare metal
+- **Zero-config networking**: Automatic WireGuard mesh with NAT traversal
+- **Decentralized design**: No central control plane, all machines are equal
+- **Service discovery**: Built-in DNS server resolves service names to container IPs
+
+### 🚀 Application Management
+
+- **Docker Compose compatibility**: Uses familiar Docker Compose format
+- **Zero-downtime deployments**: Rolling updates without service interruption
+- **Automatic HTTPS**: Caddy reverse proxy with Let's Encrypt integration
+- **Managed DNS**: Free `*.cluster.uncloud.run` subdomains via Uncloud DNS service
+- **Cross-machine scaling**: Run containers across multiple machines
+
+### 🔧 Developer Experience
+
+- **Docker-like CLI**: Familiar commands (`uc` binary)
+- **Imperative operations**: Direct commands vs. declarative state reconciliation
+- **Remote management**: Control entire infrastructure via SSH to any machine
+- **Minimal overhead**: ~150MB RAM footprint per machine
+
+## Architecture
+
+### Core Components
+
+1. **CLI (`uc`)** - Main user interface for cluster management
+2. **Daemon (`uncloudd`)** - Machine daemon running on each node
+3. **Corrosion** - Distributed SQLite database for cluster state (Fly.io project)
+4. **Caddy** - Reverse proxy for HTTPS termination and routing
+5. **WireGuard** - Secure mesh networking between machines
+
+### Network Architecture
+
+- Each machine gets unique subnet (e.g., `10.210.0.0/24`, `10.210.1.0/24`)
+- Containers get cluster-unique IPs for direct communication
+- Automatic peer discovery and key management
+- NAT traversal for machines behind firewalls
+
+### State Management
+
+- **CRDT-based distributed storage** using Corrosion
+- **Eventually consistent** state across all machines
+- **Gossip protocol** (Serf) for state propagation
+- **No quorum requirements** - partial network splits remain functional
+
+## Project Structure
+
+### Key Directories
+
+- **`cmd/`**: Contains main applications
+
+  - `uncloud/`: CLI tool with subcommands for machine, service, volume management
+  - `uncloudd/`: Daemon that runs on each machine
+  - `ucind/`: Development cluster management for testing
+
+- **`internal/`**: Internal implementation packages
+
+  - `cli/`: Command-line interface logic
+  - `machine/`: Machine lifecycle and state management
+  - `daemon/`: Daemon implementation and gRPC services
+  - `dns/`: Internal DNS server for service discovery
+
+- **`pkg/`**: Public API packages for external use
+
+  - `api/`: Core API types and definitions
+  - `client/`: Client libraries for interacting with Uncloud
+
+- **`experiment/`**: Experimental features and prototypes
+- **`scripts/`**: Installation and utility scripts
+- **`test/`**: Test suites and test infrastructure
+- **`website/`**: Documentation website (Docusaurus)
+
+  - `landing/`: Landing page
+  - `docs/`: User documentation
+
+- **`misc/`**: Design documents and guides
+
+## Key Technologies
+
+### Core Dependencies
+
+```go
+// Networking and orchestration
+github.com/docker/docker                   // Docker API client
+github.com/docker/compose/v2               // Docker Compose integration
+golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard                 // WireGuard implementation
+github.com/hashicorp/serf                  // Gossip protocol
+
+// State management
+github.com/ipfs/go-ds-crdt                 // CRDT distributed storage
+github.com/dgraph-io/badger/v3             // Embedded database
+
+// Web proxy
+github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2            // HTTP server and reverse proxy
+
+// CLI and UX
+github.com/spf13/cobra                     // CLI framework
+github.com/charmbracelet/huh               // Interactive forms
+
+// gRPC and networking
+google.golang.org/grpc                     // gRPC framework
+github.com/siderolabs/grpc-proxy           // gRPC proxy for forwarding
+```
+
+## Development Workflow
+
+### Build and Development
+
+```bash
+# Build binaries
+go build -o uncloud ./cmd/uncloud
+go build -o uncloudd ./cmd/uncloudd
+```
+
+### Key Make Targets
+
+- `proto`: Generate protobuf code
+- `ucind-cluster`: Create development cluster
+- `update-dev`: Deploy to development machines
+- `demo-reset`: Reset demo environment
+- `fmt`: Format code
+- `test`: Run all tests
+- `lint`: Lint the code using golangci-lint
+- `lint-and-fix`: Lint the code and fix issues whenever possible
+
+## CLI Commands Structure
+
+The `uc` CLI provides these main command groups:
+
+### Machine Management
+
+```bash
+uc machine init <user@host>     # Initialize new cluster
+uc machine add <user@host>      # Add machine to cluster
+uc machine ls                   # List machines
+uc machine rm <name>            # Remove machine
+```
+
+### Service Management
+
+```bash
+uc run <image>                  # Run container from image
+uc deploy                       # Deploy from compose.yaml
+uc scale <service> <count>      # Scale service replicas
+uc ls                           # List services
+uc rm <service>                 # Remove service
+```
+
+### Context and Connectivity
+
+```bash
+uc context ls                   # List available contexts
+uc context use <name>           # Switch context
+```
+
+### Global Flags
+
+- `--connect`: Connect to remote machine directly, without a config file
+- `--uncloud-config`: Override config file path
+
+## Development Guidelines
+
+### Code Organization
+
+- **Package naming**: Use clear, descriptive names
+- **Error handling**: Wrap errors with context using `fmt.Errorf`
+- **Logging**: Use structured logging with levels
+- **gRPC**: Services defined in `internal/machine/api/pb/`
+
+### Testing
+
+- Test files and locations
+  - Unit tests alongside source files (`*_test.go`)
+  - Integration tests in `test/e2e/`
+  - Test fixtures in `test/fixtures/`
+- Use table driven tests whenever possible
+
+### Dependencies
+
+- Prefer standard library when possible
+- Pin versions in `go.mod`
+- Document rationale for external dependencies
+
+### Configuration
+
+- Support environment variables for key settings
+- Validate configuration early
+- Provide sensible defaults
+
+## Troubleshooting and Debugging
+
+### Common Issues
+
+- **Networking**: Check WireGuard status, iptables rules
+- **DNS**: Verify service discovery resolution
+- **Containers**: Use standard Docker debugging tools
+- **State sync**: Check Corrosion logs for replication issues
+
+### Debugging Tools
+
+- Standard Linux networking tools (`ping`, `traceroute`, `wireshark`)
+- Docker commands (`docker ps`, `docker logs`)
+- SSH access to machines for direct inspection
+- gRPC debugging tools
+
+### Logs and Monitoring
+
+- Systemd services (getting logs via `journalctl -u SERVICE_NAME`)
+  - `uncloud` -- Uncloud daemon
+  - `uncloud-corrosion` -- Corrosion process
+- Machine daemon logs
+- Container logs via Docker
+
+## File Patterns and Conventions
+
+### Important Files to Understand
+
+- `cmd/uncloud/main.go`: CLI entry point and command structure
+- `internal/cli/cli.go`: CLI implementation and configuration
+- `internal/machine/machine.go`: Core machine management
+- `pkg/api/`: Public API definitions
+- `misc/design.md`: Architecture and design philosophy
+- `README.md`: Repository README
+
+### Configuration Files
+
+- `go.mod/go.sum`: Go dependency management
+- `Makefile`: Build and development tasks
+- `Dockerfile`: Container build instructions forUncloud-in-Docker (used for testing)
+
+This document should help AI assistants understand the project structure, make informed suggestions, and contribute effectively to the Uncloud codebase.
+
+## Documentation
+
+Instructions when generating documentation:
+
+- Use conversational language – write as if you were speaking to a friend.
+- Keep sentences simple, optimize for clarity and understanding.
+- Place the subject before the action whenever possible. Example: prefer “The function loads data” over “Data is loaded by the function.”

CLAUDE.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+./AI.md

Dockerfile

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ARG ALPINE_VERSION=3.20.3
 
-FROM golang:1.23.2-alpine AS uncloudd
+FROM golang:1.25.1-alpine AS uncloudd
 
 ARG TARGETOS
 ARG TARGETARCH
@@ -17,13 +17,22 @@ RUN GOOS=${TARGETOS} GOARCH=${TARGETARCH} go build -o uncloudd cmd/uncloudd/main
 
 
 FROM alpine:${ALPINE_VERSION} AS corrosion-download
-RUN wget -q -O /tmp/corrosion.tar.gz \
-      https://github.com/psviderski/corrosion/releases/latest/download/corrosion-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz \
+ARG TARGETARCH
+
+RUN CORROSION_ARCH=$(case "${TARGETARCH}" in \
+      "amd64") echo "x86_64" ;; \
+      "arm64") echo "aarch64" ;; \
+      *) echo "Architecture '${TARGETARCH}' not supported" >&2 && exit 1 ;; \
+    esac) \
+    && wget -q -O /tmp/corrosion.tar.gz \
+      "https://github.com/psviderski/corrosion/releases/latest/download/corrosion-${CORROSION_ARCH}-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz" \
     && tar -xzf /tmp/corrosion.tar.gz -C /tmp \
     && install /tmp/corrosion /usr/local/bin/corrosion \
     && rm /tmp/corrosion.tar.gz /tmp/corrosion
 
-FROM chainguard/wolfi-base:latest AS corrosion
+# Beware that more modern images like chainguard/wolfi-base build glibc with flags that require newer CPU features,
+# e.g. x86-64-v2. So such image may fail with "Fatal glibc error: CPU does not support x86-64-v2" on older CPUs.
+FROM gcr.io/distroless/cc-debian12:latest AS corrosion
 COPY --from=corrosion-download /usr/local/bin/corrosion /usr/local/bin/corrosion
 CMD ["corrosion", "agent"]
 

Makefile

@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ update-dev:
 		scp uncloudd-linux-amd64 spy@192.168.40.176:~/ && \
 		ssh spy@192.168.40.176 sudo install ./uncloudd-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/uncloudd && \
 		rm uncloudd-linux-amd64
+#	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 go build -o uncloudd-linux-arm64 ./cmd/uncloudd && \
+#		scp uncloudd-linux-arm64 ubuntu@152.67.101.197:~/ && \
+#		ssh ubuntu@152.67.101.197 sudo install ./uncloudd-linux-arm64 /usr/local/bin/uncloudd && \
+#		rm uncloudd-linux-arm64
 
 update-restart-dev:
 	GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o uncloudd-linux-amd64 ./cmd/uncloudd && \
@@ -16,29 +20,101 @@ update-restart-dev:
 		scp uncloudd-linux-amd64 spy@192.168.40.176:~/ && \
 		ssh spy@192.168.40.176 "sudo install ./uncloudd-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/uncloudd && sudo systemctl restart uncloud" && \
 		rm uncloudd-linux-amd64
+#	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 go build -o uncloudd-linux-arm64 ./cmd/uncloudd && \
+#		scp uncloudd-linux-arm64 ubuntu@152.67.101.197:~/ && \
+#		ssh ubuntu@152.67.101.197 "sudo install ./uncloudd-linux-arm64 /usr/local/bin/uncloudd && sudo systemctl restart uncloud" && \
+#		rm uncloudd-linux-arm64
 
 reset-dev:
 	ssh spy@192.168.40.243 "sudo systemctl stop uncloud && sudo rm -rf /var/lib/uncloud"
 	ssh spy@192.168.40.176 "sudo systemctl stop uncloud && sudo rm -rf /var/lib/uncloud"
 	ssh ubuntu@152.67.101.197 "sudo systemctl stop uncloud && sudo rm -rf /var/lib/uncloud"
 
+demo-reset:
+	rm -fv ~/.config/uncloud/config.yaml
+	ssh ubuntu@152.67.101.197 "AUTO_CONFIRM=true sudo -E uncloud-uninstall && docker rmi caddy:2.9.1"
+	ssh root@5.223.45.199 "AUTO_CONFIRM=true sudo -E uncloud-uninstall"
+	ssh spy@192.168.40.243 "AUTO_CONFIRM=true sudo -E uncloud-uninstall"
+
+.PHONY: ucind-cluster
+ucind-cluster:
+	go run ./cmd/ucind cluster rm && go run ./cmd/ucind cluster create -m $(if $(MACHINES_COUNT),$(MACHINES_COUNT),3)
+
 .PHONY: proto
 proto:
 	protoc --go_out=. --go_opt=paths=source_relative --go-grpc_out=. --go-grpc_opt=paths=source_relative \
 		--proto_path=. --proto_path=internal/machine/api/vendor internal/machine/api/pb/*.proto
 
+.PHONY: proto-mise
+proto-mise:
+	mise exec -- protoc --go_out=. --go_opt=paths=source_relative --go-grpc_out=. --go-grpc_opt=paths=source_relative \
+		--proto_path=. --proto_path=internal/machine/api/vendor internal/machine/api/pb/*.proto
+
 .PHONY: corrosion-image
 corrosion-image:
 	docker build -t "$(CORROSION_IMAGE)" --target corrosion .
 
-.PHONY: corrosion-image-push
-corrosion-image-push: corrosion-image
-	docker push "$(CORROSION_IMAGE)"
+.PHONY: corrosion-multiarch-image-push
+corrosion-multiarch-image-push:
+	docker buildx build --push --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 -t "$(CORROSION_IMAGE)" --target corrosion .
 
 .PHONY: ucind-image
 ucind-image:
 	docker build -t "$(UCIND_IMAGE)" --target ucind .
 
-.PHONY: ucind-image-push
-ucind-image-push: ucind-image
-	docker push "$(UCIND_IMAGE)"
+.PHONY: ucind-multiarch-image-push
+ucind-multiarch-image-push:
+	docker buildx build --push --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 -t "$(UCIND_IMAGE)" --target ucind .
+
+.PHONY: mocks
+mocks:
+	@mockery
+
+.PHONY: test
+test:
+ifeq ($(TEST_NAME),)
+	go test -count=1 -v ./...
+else
+	go test -race -count=1 -v -run ^$(TEST_NAME)$$ ./...
+endif
+
+.PHONY: test-e2e
+test-e2e:
+	go test -race -count=1 -v ./test/e2e
+
+.PHONY: test-clean
+test-clean:
+	@CONTAINERS=$$(docker ps --filter "name=ucind-test" -q); \
+	if [ -n "$$CONTAINERS" ]; then \
+		echo "Killing containers..."; \
+		docker kill $$CONTAINERS; \
+	fi; \
+	CONTAINERS_STOPPED=$$(docker ps -a --filter "name=ucind-test" -q); \
+	if [ -n "$$CONTAINERS_STOPPED" ]; then \
+		echo "Removing stopped containers..."; \
+		docker rm $$CONTAINERS_STOPPED; \
+	else \
+		echo "Nothing to clean."; \
+	fi
+
+.PHONY: vet
+vet:
+	go vet ./...
+
+.PHONY: format fmt
+format fmt:
+	GOOS=linux golangci-lint fmt
+
+LINT_TARGETS := lint lint-and-fix
+.PHONY: $(LINT_TARGETS) _lint
+$(LINT_TARGETS): _lint
+lint: ARGS=
+lint-and-fix: ARGS=--fix
+_lint:
+# Explicitly set OS to Linux to not skip *_linux.go files when running on macOS.
+# Uncloud daemon won't likely support OS other than Linux anytime soon, so for now we can rely on that.
+	GOOS=linux golangci-lint run $(ARGS)
+
+.PHONY: cli-docs
+cli-docs:
+	go run ./cmd/uncloud docs

README.md

@@ -1,48 +1,71 @@
 <div align="center">
-  <img src="./website/images/logo.svg" height="100" alt="Uncloud logo"/>
+  <img src="./website/landing/images/logo.svg" height="100" width="100" alt="Uncloud logo"/>
   <h1>Uncloud</h1>
   <p><strong>Docker simplicity. Multi-machine power.</strong></p>
+
+  <p>
+    <a href="https://uncloud.run/docs"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Docs-blue.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=gitbook&logoColor=white" alt="Documentation"></a>
+    <a href="https://discord.gg/eR35KQJhPu"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/discord-5865F2.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=discord&logoColor=white" alt="Join Discord"></a>
+    <a href="https://x.com/psviderski"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/follow-black?style=for-the-badge&logo=X&logoColor=while" alt="Follow on X"></a>
+    <a href="https://github.com/sponsors/psviderski"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Donate-EA4AAA.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=githubsponsors&logoColor=white" alt="Donate"></a>
+  </p>
 </div>
 
 Uncloud is a lightweight clustering and container orchestration tool that lets you deploy and manage web apps across
-cloud VMs and bare metal with minimized cluster management overhead. It creates a secure WireGuard mesh network between
+cloud VMs and bare metal with minimised cluster management overhead. It creates a secure WireGuard mesh network between
 your Docker hosts and provides automatic service discovery, load balancing, ingress with HTTPS, and simple CLI commands
 to manage your apps.
 
 Unlike traditional orchestrators, there's no central control plane and quorum to maintain. Each machine maintains a
-synchronized copy of the cluster state through peer-to-peer communication, keeping cluster operations functional even if
+synchronised copy of the cluster state through peer-to-peer communication, keeping cluster operations functional even if
 some machines go offline.
 
-Uncloud aims to be the solution for developers who want the flexibility of self-hosted infrastructure without the
-operational complexity of Kubernetes.
+Uncloud is the solution for developers who want the flexibility of self-hosted infrastructure without the operational
+complexity of Kubernetes.
 
 ## ✨ Features
 
 * **Deploy anywhere**: Combine cloud VMs, dedicated servers, and bare metal into a unified computing environment —
   regardless of location or provider.
+* **Docker Compose**: Familiar [Docker Compose](https://compose-spec.io/) format for defining services and volumes. No
+  need to learn a new bespoke DSL.
+* **Zero-downtime deployments**: Rolling updates without service interruption. Automatic rollback on failure is coming
+  soon.
+* **Service discovery**: Built-in DNS server resolves service names to container IPs.
+* **Persistent storage**: Run stateful services with Docker volumes managed across machines.
 * **Zero-config private network**: Automatic WireGuard mesh with peer discovery and NAT traversal. Containers get unique
   IPs for direct cross-machine communication.
-* **No control plane**: Fully decentralized design eliminates single points of failure and reduces operational overhead.
+* **No control plane**: Fully decentralised design eliminates single points of failure and reduces operational overhead.
 * **Imperative over declarative**: Favoring imperative operations over state reconciliation simplifies both the mental
   model and troubleshooting.
-* **Service discovery**: Built-in DNS server resolves service names to container IPs.
+* **Managed DNS**: Automatic DNS records `*.<id>.cluster.uncloud.run` for services with public access via managed
+  [Uncloud DNS](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud-dns) service.
 * **Automatic HTTPS**: Built-in Caddy reverse proxy handles TLS certificate provisioning and renewal using Let's
   Encrypt.
 * **Docker-like CLI**: Familiar commands for managing both infrastructure and applications.
 * **Remote management**: Control your entire infrastructure through SSH access to any single machine in the cluster.
 
-Coming soon:
+### 🚀 Coming soon
 
-* Project isolation through environments/namespaces
-* Infrastructure as Code using Docker Compose format
-* Persistent volumes and secrets management
-* Monitoring and log aggregation
-* Database deployment and management
-* Curated application catalog
+* **[Unregistry](https://github.com/psviderski/unregistry) integration**: Push your Docker images directly to your
+  machines without an external registry. It will transfer only the missing layers, making it fast and efficient.
 
-Here is a diagram of an Uncloud multi-provider cluster of 3 machines:
+## 🎬 Quick demo
 
-![Diagram: multi-provider cluster of 3 machines](website/images/diagram.webp)
+The screenshot below demonstrates how I use Uncloud to deploy https://uncloud.run website to 2 remote machines from
+the [`compose.yaml`](website/compose.yaml) file on my local machine.
+
+It exposes the container port `8000/tcp` as HTTPS on the domain `uncloud.run`, served by the Caddy reverse proxy on the
+remote machines. All managed by Uncloud.
+
+![Uncloud compose deployment demo](.github/images/compose-deploy.jpg)
+
+Here is a more advanced use case. Deploy a highly available web app with automatic HTTPS across multiple regions and
+on-premises in just a couple minutes.
+
+<a href="https://uncloud.wistia.com/medias/k47uwt9uau?wvideo=k47uwt9uau">
+<img src="https://embed-ssl.wistia.com/deliveries/3cf7014a48b93afc556444bed3e39a8c.jpg?image_crop_resized=900x526&image_play_button_rounded=true&image_play_button_size=2x&image_play_button_color=18181Be0" alt="Uncloud demo" width="450" height="263" />
+</a>
 
 ## 💫 Why Uncloud?
 
@@ -52,49 +75,113 @@ believe there's a sweet spot in between — a pragmatic solution for the majorit
 scale. You should be able to:
 
 * **Own your infrastructure and data**: Whether driven by costs, compliance, or flexibility, run applications on any
-  combination of cloud VMs and personal hardware while maintaining the cloud-like experience you love.
-* **Stay simple**: Don't worry about control planes, highly-available clusters, or complex YAML configurations for
-  common use cases.
+  combination of cloud VMs and personal hardware while controlling your data and maintaining the cloud-like experience
+  you love.
+* **Stay simple as you grow**: Start with a single machine and add more whenever you need without changing your
+  workflow. No worrying about highly-available control planes or complex YAML configurations.
 * **Build with proven primitives**: Get production-grade networking, deployment primitives, service discovery, load
   balancing, and ingress with HTTPS out of the box without becoming a distributed systems expert.
-* **Support sustainable computing** 🌿: Minimize system overhead to maximize resources available for your applications.
+* **Support sustainable computing** 🌿: Minimise system overhead to maximise resources available for your applications.
 
-Uncloud's goal is to make deployment and management of containerized applications feel as seamless as using a cloud
+Uncloud's goal is to make deployment and management of containerised applications feel as seamless as using a cloud
 platform, whether you're running on a $5 VPS, a spare Mac mini, or a rack of bare metal servers.
 
 ## 🚀 Quick start
 
 1. Install Uncloud CLI:
 
-```bash
-curl -fsS https://get.uncloud.run/install.sh | sh
-```
+   ```bash
+   brew install psviderski/tap/uncloud
 
-2. Initialize your first machine:
+   # or using curl (macOS/Linux)
+   curl -fsS https://get.uncloud.run/install.sh | sh
+   ```
 
-```bash
-uc machine init root@your-server-ip
-```
+   See [Installation](https://uncloud.run/docs/getting-started/install-cli) for more options.
 
-3. Create a DNS A record in your domain registrar that points `app.example.com` to your server's IP address. Allow a few
-   minutes for DNS propagation.
-4. Deploy your app from a Docker image:
+2. Initialise your first machine:
 
-```bash
-uc run -p app.example.com:8000/https my-app-image
-```
+   ```bash
+   uc machine init root@your-server-ip
+   ```
 
-That's it! Your app is now running and accessible at https://app.example.com ✨
+3. Deploy your app from a Docker image and publish its container port 8000 as HTTPS using `app.example.com` domain:
+
+   ```bash
+   uc run -p app.example.com:8000/https image/my-app
+   ```
+
+4. Create a DNS A record in your DNS provider (Cloudflare, Namecheap, etc.) that points `app.example.com` to your
+   server's IP address. Allow a few minutes for DNS propagation.
+
+   That's it! Your app is now running and accessible at https://app.example.com ✨
+
+5. Clean up when you're done:
+
+   ```bash
+   uc ls
+   # Copy the service name from the output and run the rm command:
+   uc rm my-app-name
+   ```
+
+   If you want to fully uninstall Uncloud on a machine, run:
+
+   ```bash
+   uncloud-uninstall
+   ```
+
+View the [Documentation](https://uncloud.run/docs) for more information.
 
 ## ⚙️ How it works
 
-Check out the [design document](docs/design.md) to understand Uncloud's design philosophy and goals. Here, let's peek
-under the hood to see what happens when you run certain commands.
+Check out the [design document](misc/design.md) to understand Uncloud's design philosophy and goals.
 
-**When you initialize a new cluster on a machine:**
+Here is a diagram of an Uncloud multi-provider cluster of 3 machines:
+
+![Diagram: multi-provider cluster of 3 machines](website/landing/images/diagram.webp)
+
+<details>
+<summary>Peek under the hood to see what happens when you run certain commands.</summary>
+
+**When you initialise a new cluster on a machine:**
 
 ```bash
-uc machine init root@your-server-ip
+$ uc machine init --name oracle-vm ubuntu@152.67.101.197
+
+Downloading Uncloud install script: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psviderski/uncloud/refs/heads/main/scripts/install.sh
+⏳ Running Uncloud install script...
+✓ Docker is already installed.
+⏳ Installing Docker...
+...
+✓ Docker installed successfully.
+✓ Linux user and group 'uncloud' created.
+✓ Linux user 'ubuntu' added to group 'uncloud'.
+⏳ Installing Uncloud binaries...
+⏳ Downloading uncloudd binary: https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/releases/latest/download/uncloudd_linux_arm64.tar.gz
+✓ uncloudd binary installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloudd
+⏳ Downloading uninstall script: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psviderski/uncloud/refs/heads/main/scripts/uninstall.sh
+✓ uncloud-uninstall script installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloud-uninstall
+✓ Systemd unit file created: /etc/systemd/system/uncloud.service
+Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/uncloud.service → /etc/systemd/system/uncloud.service.
+⏳ Downloading uncloud-corrosion binary: https://github.com/psviderski/corrosion/releases/latest/download/corrosion-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz
+✓ uncloud-corrosion binary installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloud-corrosion
+✓ Systemd unit file created: /etc/systemd/system/uncloud-corrosion.service
+⏳ Starting Uncloud machine daemon (uncloud.service)...
+✓ Uncloud machine daemon started.
+✓ Uncloud installed on the machine successfully! 🎉
+Cluster "default" initialised with machine "oracle-vm"
+Waiting for the machine to be ready...
+
+Reserved cluster domain: xuw3xd.cluster.uncloud.run
+[+] Deploying service caddy 1/1
+ ✔ Container caddy-c47x on oracle-vm  Started                                                                                                                                          0.9s
+
+Updating cluster domain records in Uncloud DNS to point to machines running caddy service...
+[+] Verifying internet access to caddy service 1/1
+ ✔ Machine oracle-vm (152.67.101.197)  Reachable                                                                                                                                       0.1s
+
+DNS records updated to use only the internet-reachable machines running caddy service:
+  *.xuw3xd.cluster.uncloud.run  A → 152.67.101.197
 ```
 
 1. The CLI SSHs into the machine and installs Docker, the `uncloudd` machine daemon and
@@ -110,7 +197,42 @@ uc machine init root@your-server-ip
 **When you add another machine:**
 
 ```bash
-uc machine add ubuntu@second-server-ip
+$ uc machine add --name hetzner-server root@5.223.45.199
+Downloading Uncloud install script: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psviderski/uncloud/refs/heads/main/scripts/install.sh
+⏳ Running Uncloud install script...
+✓ Docker is already installed.
+✓ Linux user and group 'uncloud' created.
+⏳ Installing Uncloud binaries...
+⏳ Downloading uncloudd binary: https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/releases/latest/download/uncloudd_linux_amd64.tar.gz
+✓ uncloudd binary installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloudd
+⏳ Downloading uninstall script: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psviderski/uncloud/refs/heads/main/scripts/uninstall.sh
+✓ uncloud-uninstall script installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloud-uninstall
+✓ Systemd unit file created: /etc/systemd/system/uncloud.service
+Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/uncloud.service → /etc/systemd/system/uncloud.service.
+⏳ Downloading uncloud-corrosion binary: https://github.com/psviderski/corrosion/releases/latest/download/corrosion-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz
+✓ uncloud-corrosion binary installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloud-corrosion
+✓ Systemd unit file created: /etc/systemd/system/uncloud-corrosion.service
+⏳ Starting Uncloud machine daemon (uncloud.service)...
+✓ Uncloud machine daemon started.
+✓ Uncloud installed on the machine successfully! 🎉
+Machine "hetzner-server" added to cluster
+Waiting for the machine to be ready...
+
+[+] Deploying service caddy 1/1
+ ✔ Container caddy-d36c on hetzner-server  Started                                                                                                                                     1.0s
+
+Updating cluster domain records in Uncloud DNS to point to machines running caddy service...
+[+] Verifying internet access to caddy service 2/2
+ ✔ Machine hetzner-server (5.223.45.199)  Reachable                                                                                                                                    0.2s
+ ✔ Machine oracle-vm (152.67.101.197)     Reachable                                                                                                                                    0.1s
+
+DNS records updated to use only the internet-reachable machines running caddy service:
+  *.xuw3xd.cluster.uncloud.run  A → 152.67.101.197, 5.223.45.199
+
+$ uc machine ls
+NAME             STATE   ADDRESS         PUBLIC IP        WIREGUARD ENDPOINTS
+oracle-vm        Up      10.210.0.1/24   152.67.101.197   10.0.0.95:51820, 152.67.101.197:51820
+hetzner-server   Up      10.210.1.1/24   5.223.45.199     5.223.45.199:51820, [2a01:4ff:2f0:128b::1]:51820
 ```
 
 1. The second machine gets provisioned just like the first. A non-root SSH user will need `sudo` access.
@@ -129,7 +251,14 @@ and automatically establish a WireGuard tunnel with it.
 **When you run a service:**
 
 ```bash
-uc run -p app.example.com:8000/https my-app-image
+$ uc run -p app.example.com:8000/https image/my-app
+
+[+] Running service my-app-1b3b (replicated mode) 1/1
+ ✔ Container my-app-1b3b-tcex on oracle-vm  Started
+
+my-app-1b3b endpoints:
+ • https://app.example.com → :8000
+ • https://my-app-1b3b.xuw3xd.cluster.uncloud.run → :8000
 ```
 
 1. CLI picks a machine to run your container.
@@ -147,20 +276,66 @@ Look ma, no control plane or master nodes to maintain! Just a simple overlay net
 sync that lets machines work together. Want to check on things or make changes? Connect to any machine either implicitly
 using the CLI or directly over SSH. They all have the complete cluster state and can control everything. It's like each
 machine is a full backup of your control plane.
+</details>
 
 ## 🏗 Project status
 
 Uncloud is currently in active development and is **not ready for production use**. Features may change significantly
 and there may be breaking changes between releases.
 
-I'd love your input! Here's how you can contribute:
+We'd love your input! Here's how you can contribute:
 
 * 🐛 Found a bug? [Open an issue](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/issues)
-* 💡 Have ideas? [Join the discussion](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/discussions)
+* 💡 Have questions, ideas, or need help?
+    * Start a discussion or join an existing one in
+      the [Discussions](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/discussions).
+    * Join our [Discord community](https://discord.gg/eR35KQJhPu) where we discuss features, roadmap, implementation
+      details, and help each other out.
+
+## 🙏 Inspiration & Acknowledgements
+
+I'm grateful to the following projects that inspired Uncloud's design and implementation:
+
+* [Kamal](https://kamal-deploy.org/) — for proving that even in the declarative era of Kubernetes there is a place for
+  simple deployment tools that use imperative commands without complex orchestration. Kamal powers the multi-billion
+  dollar company [37signals](https://37signals.com/) where it was created, and that's truly inspiring!
+* [Fly.io](https://fly.io/) — for inspiring my vision for what self-hosted infrastructure should feel like, proving that
+  developer experience and powerful infrastructure can coexist beautifully.
+* [Tailscale](https://tailscale.com/) — for pioneering the vision of decentralised flat mesh networking with an amazing
+  user experience that feels like magic.
+* [Talos Linux](https://github.com/siderolabs/talos)
+  and [KubeSpan](https://www.talos.dev/v1.10/talos-guides/network/kubespan/) — for the machine API design using
+  [grpc-proxy](https://github.com/siderolabs/grpc-proxy) and for its elegant approach to secure WireGuard-based overlay
+  networking with zero configuration.
+* [Docker Swarm Classic](https://github.com/docker-archive/classicswarm) and
+  [Rancher 1.x](http://rancher-com-website-main-elb-elb-1798790864.us-west-2.elb.amazonaws.com/docs/rancher/v1.6/en/)
+  — for showing the power of simplicity and pragmatism in container orchestration and that not every problem needs the
+  complexity of Kubernetes.
+
+Special thanks to the [Corrosion](https://github.com/superfly/corrosion) project by Fly.io for providing the distributed
+SQLite database used to share Uncloud's cluster state.
 
 ## 📫 Stay updated
 
-* [Subscribe](https://uncloud.run/#subscribe) to my newsletter to follow the progress, get early insights into new
+* Join our [Discord server](https://discord.gg/eR35KQJhPu) for real-time discussions, support, and updates.
+* Follow [@psviderski](https://x.com/psviderski) on X/Twitter.
+* Subscribe to [my newsletter](https://uncloud.run/#subscribe) to follow the progress, get early insights into new
   features, and be the first to know when it's ready for production use.
 * Watch this repository for releases.
-* Follow [@psviderski](https://github.com/psviderski) on GitHub.
+
+## 💖 Sponsors
+
+These companies and projects are helping Uncloud with their generous sponsorship and/or services:
+
+<!-- Sentry -->
+<a href="https://sentry.io/welcome/">
+  <img height="100" alt="Sentry" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6c1439c0-d20d-40dc-a669-c9aa94651dfa" />
+</a>
+
+## ❤️ Contributors
+
+Thank you [@cedws](https://github.com/cedws) for being the first contributor to Uncloud! 🎉
+
+<a href="https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/graphs/contributors">
+  <img src="https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=psviderski/uncloud" />
+</a>

cmd/ucind/cluster/create.go

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ package cluster
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/ucind"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"uncloud/internal/ucind"
 )
 
 func NewCreateCommand() *cobra.Command {

cmd/ucind/cluster/remove.go

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ package cluster
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/ucind"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"uncloud/internal/ucind"
 )
 
 func NewRemoveCommand() *cobra.Command {

cmd/ucind/cluster/root.go

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	}
 	cmd.AddCommand(
 		NewCreateCommand(),
-		//NewListCommand(),
+		// NewListCommand(),
 		NewRemoveCommand(),
 	)
 	return cmd

cmd/ucind/main.go

@@ -3,12 +3,13 @@ package main
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
-	"uncloud/cmd/ucind/cluster"
-	"uncloud/internal/ucind"
+
+	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/ucind/cluster"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/ucind"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 func main() {
@@ -44,9 +45,9 @@ func main() {
 	}
 
 	// TODO: allow to override using UNCLOUD_CONFIG env var.
-	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&configPath, "uncloud-config", "~/.config/uncloud/config.toml",
+	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&configPath, "uncloud-config", "~/.config/uncloud/config.yaml",
 		"path to the Uncloud configuration file.")
-	_ = cmd.MarkPersistentFlagFilename("uncloud-config", "toml")
+	_ = cmd.MarkPersistentFlagFilename("uncloud-config", "yaml", "yml")
 
 	cmd.AddCommand(
 		cluster.NewRootCommand(),

cmd/uncloud/build.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	composecli "github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/compose"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// NewBuildCommand creates a new command to build services from a Compose file.
+func NewBuildCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := cli.BuildOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "build [FLAGS] [SERVICE...]",
+		Short: "Build services from a Compose file.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+
+			if len(args) > 0 {
+				opts.Services = args
+			}
+
+			return runBuild(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.Files, "file", "f", nil,
+		"One or more Compose files to build (default compose.yaml)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.Profiles, "profile", "p", nil,
+		"One or more Compose profiles to enable.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.Push, "push", "P", false,
+		"Push built images to the registry after building. (default false)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.NoCache, "no-cache", "n", false,
+		"Do not use cache when building images. (default false)")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+// TODO: deduplicate with a similar functino for deploy options
+// projectOpts returns the project options for the Compose file(s).
+func projectOptsFromBuildOpts(opts cli.BuildOptions) []composecli.ProjectOptionsFn {
+	projectOpts := []composecli.ProjectOptionsFn{}
+
+	if len(opts.Profiles) > 0 {
+		projectOpts = append(projectOpts, composecli.WithDefaultProfiles(opts.Profiles...))
+	}
+
+	return projectOpts
+}
+
+// runBuild parses the Compose file(s), builds the services, and pushes them if requested.
+func runBuild(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts cli.BuildOptions) error {
+	projectOpts := projectOptsFromBuildOpts(opts)
+	project, err := compose.LoadProject(ctx, opts.Files, projectOpts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("load compose file(s): %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(opts.Services) > 0 {
+		project, err = project.WithSelectedServices(opts.Services)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("select services: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	servicesToBuild := cli.GetServicesThatNeedBuild(project)
+
+	if len(servicesToBuild) == 0 {
+		fmt.Println("No services to build.")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return cli.BuildServices(ctx, servicesToBuild, opts)
+}

cmd/uncloud/caddy/config.go

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package caddy
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2/quick"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type configOptions struct {
+	machine string
+	noColor bool
+	context string
+}
+
+func NewConfigCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := configOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "config",
+		Short: "Show the current Caddy configuration (Caddyfile).",
+		Long:  "Display the current Caddy configuration (Caddyfile) from the connected machine or a specified one.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return runConfig(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.machine, "machine", "m", "",
+		"Name or ID of the machine to get the configuration from. (default is connected machine)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.noColor, "no-color", false,
+		"Disable syntax highlighting for the output.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func runConfig(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts configOptions) error {
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	if opts.machine != "" {
+		// If a specific machine is requested, use it to get the Caddy configuration.
+		ctx, _, err = api.ProxyMachinesContext(ctx, clusterClient, []string{opts.machine})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	config, err := clusterClient.Caddy.GetConfig(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("get Caddy config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Print the Caddyfile with syntax highlighting.
+	if opts.noColor {
+		fmt.Print(config.Caddyfile)
+	} else {
+		if err = quick.Highlight(os.Stdout, config.Caddyfile, "caddy", "terminal256", "monokai"); err != nil {
+			// If highlighting fails, fall back to plain output.
+			fmt.Print(config.Caddyfile)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/caddy/deploy.go

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+package caddy
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"maps"
+	"os"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/streams"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type deployOptions struct {
+	caddyfile string
+	image     string
+	machines  []string
+	context   string
+}
+
+func NewDeployCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := deployOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "deploy",
+		Short: "Deploy or upgrade Caddy reverse proxy across all machines in the cluster.",
+		Long: "Deploy or upgrade Caddy reverse proxy across all machines in the cluster.\n" +
+			"A rolling update is performed when updating existing containers to minimise disruption.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return runDeploy(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.caddyfile, "caddyfile", "",
+		"Path to a custom global Caddy config (Caddyfile) that will be prepended to the auto-generated Caddy config.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.image, "image", "",
+		"Caddy Docker image to deploy. (default caddy:LATEST_VERSION)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
+		"Machine names to deploy to. Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated "+
+			"list of machine names. (default is all machines)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context to deploy to. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func runDeploy(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts deployOptions) error {
+	caddyfile := ""
+	if opts.caddyfile != "" {
+		data, err := os.ReadFile(opts.caddyfile)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("read Caddyfile: %w", err)
+		}
+		caddyfile = strings.TrimSpace(string(data))
+	}
+
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	svc, err := clusterClient.InspectService(ctx, client.CaddyServiceName)
+	if err != nil {
+		if !errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("inspect caddy service: %w", err)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Service: %s (not running)\n", client.CaddyServiceName)
+	} else {
+		fmt.Printf("Service: %s (%s mode)\n", svc.Name, svc.Mode)
+
+		// Collect unique images of all containers in the running caddy service.
+		images := make(map[string]struct{}, len(svc.Containers))
+		for _, c := range svc.Containers {
+			images[c.Container.Config.Image] = struct{}{}
+		}
+		currentImages := slices.Collect(maps.Keys(images))
+
+		if len(currentImages) > 1 {
+			commaSeparatedImages := strings.Join(currentImages, ", ")
+			fmt.Printf("Current images (multiple versions detected): %s\n", commaSeparatedImages)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Printf("Current image: %s\n", currentImages[0])
+		}
+	}
+
+	if opts.image != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Target image: %s\n", opts.image)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Println("Preparing a deployment plan...")
+
+	placement := api.Placement{
+		Machines: cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.machines),
+	}
+	d, err := clusterClient.NewCaddyDeployment(opts.image, caddyfile, placement)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create caddy deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if opts.image == "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Target image: %s (latest stable)\n", d.Spec.Container.Image)
+	}
+
+	plan, err := d.Plan(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("plan caddy deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(plan.Operations) == 0 {
+		fmt.Printf("%s service is up to date.\n", client.CaddyServiceName)
+	} else {
+		if svc.ID == "" {
+			if len(opts.machines) > 0 {
+				fmt.Println("This will run a Caddy container on each selected machine.")
+			} else {
+				fmt.Println("This will run a Caddy container on each machine.")
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Initialise a machine and container name resolver to properly format the plan output.
+		resolver, err := clusterClient.ServiceOperationNameResolver(ctx, svc)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create machine and container name resolver for service operations: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println()
+		fmt.Println("Deployment plan:")
+		fmt.Println(plan.Format(resolver))
+		fmt.Println()
+
+		confirmed, err := cli.Confirm()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("confirm deployment: %w", err)
+		}
+		if !confirmed {
+			fmt.Println("Cancelled. No changes were made.")
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			if _, err = d.Run(ctx); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("deploy caddy: %w", err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}, uncli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Deploying service %s (%s mode)", d.Spec.Name, d.Spec.Mode))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println()
+	return UpdateDomainRecords(ctx, clusterClient, uncli.ProgressOut())
+}
+
+func UpdateDomainRecords(ctx context.Context, clusterClient *client.Client, progressOut *streams.Out) error {
+	domain, err := clusterClient.GetDomain(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			fmt.Println("Skipping DNS records update as no cluster domain is reserved (see 'uc dns').")
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("get cluster domain: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("Updating cluster domain records in Uncloud DNS to point to machines running caddy service...")
+	// TODO: split the method into two: one to get the records and one to update them to ask for update confirmation.
+
+	var records []*pb.DNSRecord
+	err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		var err error
+		records, err = clusterClient.CreateIngressRecords(ctx, client.CaddyServiceName)
+		return err
+	}, progressOut, "Verifying internet access to caddy service")
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, client.ErrNoReachableMachines) {
+			fmt.Println()
+			fmt.Printf("DNS records for domain '%s' could not be updated as there are no internet-reachable "+
+				"machines running caddy containers.\n", domain)
+			fmt.Println()
+			fmt.Println("Possible solutions:")
+			fmt.Println("- Ensure your machines have public IP addresses")
+			fmt.Println("- Use --public-ip flag when adding machines to override the automatically detected IPs")
+			fmt.Println("- Check firewall settings on your machines")
+			fmt.Println("- Configure port forwarding if behind NAT")
+			fmt.Println("- Retry Caddy deployment with 'uc caddy deploy' after resolving connectivity issues")
+			fmt.Println()
+			fmt.Println("Your services won't be accessible from the internet until at least one machine " +
+				"becomes reachable. If you aren't planning to expose any services publicly, you can release " +
+				"the domain by running 'uc dns release'.")
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to update DNS records pointing to caddy service: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Println("DNS records updated to use only the internet-reachable machines running caddy service:")
+	for _, r := range records {
+		fmt.Printf("  %s  %s → %s\n", r.Name, r.Type, strings.Join(r.Values, ", "))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/caddy/root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package caddy
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "caddy",
+		Short: "Manage Caddy reverse proxy service.",
+	}
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewConfigCommand(),
+		NewDeployCommand(),
+	)
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/uncloud/context/ls.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package context
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"maps"
+	"os"
+	"slices"
+	"text/tabwriter"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "ls",
+		Aliases: []string{"list"},
+		Short:   "List available cluster contexts.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return list(uncli)
+		},
+	}
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func list(uncli *cli.CLI) error {
+	if uncli.Config == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("context management is not available: Uncloud configuration file is not being used")
+	}
+
+	if len(uncli.Config.Contexts) == 0 {
+		fmt.Println("No contexts found")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	contextNames := slices.Sorted(maps.Keys(uncli.Config.Contexts))
+	currentContext := uncli.Config.CurrentContext
+
+	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
+	fmt.Fprintln(tw, "NAME\tCURRENT\tCONNECTIONS")
+
+	for _, name := range contextNames {
+		current := ""
+		if name == currentContext {
+			current = "✓"
+		}
+		connCount := len(uncli.Config.Contexts[name].Connections)
+		fmt.Fprintf(tw, "%s\t%s\t%d\n", name, current, connCount)
+	}
+
+	return tw.Flush()
+}

cmd/uncloud/context/root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package context
+
+import (
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "ctx",
+		Aliases: []string{"context"},
+		Short:   "Switch between different cluster contexts. Contains subcommands to manage contexts.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return selectContext(uncli)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewListCommand(),
+		NewUseCommand(),
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/uncloud/context/use.go

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+package context
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"maps"
+	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewUseCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "use [CONTEXT]",
+		Short: "Switch to a different cluster context.",
+		Long: "Switch to a different cluster context. If no context is provided, " +
+			"a list of available contexts will be displayed for selection.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+
+			if len(args) == 1 {
+				if err := uncli.SetCurrentContext(args[0]); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("failed to set the current cluster context to '%s': %w", args[0], err)
+				}
+				fmt.Printf("Current cluster context is now '%s'.\n", args[0])
+				return nil
+			}
+
+			return selectContext(uncli)
+		},
+	}
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func selectContext(uncli *cli.CLI) error {
+	if uncli.Config == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("context management is not available: Uncloud configuration file is not being used")
+	}
+	if len(uncli.Config.Contexts) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no contexts found in Uncloud config (%s)", uncli.Config.Path())
+	}
+
+	contextNames := slices.Sorted(maps.Keys(uncli.Config.Contexts))
+
+	var selected string
+	form := huh.NewForm(
+		huh.NewGroup(
+			huh.NewSelect[string]().
+				Title("Select a cluster context").
+				Options(buildContextOptions(contextNames, uncli.Config.CurrentContext)...).
+				Value(&selected),
+		),
+	)
+	if err := form.Run(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("select cluster context: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := uncli.SetCurrentContext(selected); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("set current cluster context: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Current cluster context is now '%s'.\n", selected)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func buildContextOptions(contexts []string, current string) []huh.Option[string] {
+	options := make([]huh.Option[string], len(contexts))
+
+	for i, ctx := range contexts {
+		opt := huh.NewOption(ctx, ctx)
+		if ctx == current {
+			opt.Key += " (current)"
+			opt = opt.Selected(true)
+		}
+
+		options[i] = opt
+	}
+
+	return options
+}

cmd/uncloud/deploy.go

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	composecli "github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/cli"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/compose"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/deploy"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type deployOptions struct {
+	files    []string
+	profiles []string
+	services []string
+	noBuild  bool
+	recreate bool
+	yes      bool
+
+	context string
+}
+
+// NewDeployCommand creates a new command to deploy services from a Compose file.
+func NewDeployCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := deployOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "deploy [FLAGS] [SERVICE...]",
+		Short: "Deploy services from a Compose file.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			cli.BindEnvToFlag(cmd, "yes", "UNCLOUD_AUTO_CONFIRM")
+
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+
+			if len(args) > 0 {
+				opts.services = args
+			}
+
+			return runDeploy(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context to deploy to (default is the current context)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.files, "file", "f", nil,
+		"One or more Compose files to deploy services from. (default compose.yaml)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.noBuild, "no-build", "n", false,
+		"Do not build images before deploying services. (default false)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.profiles, "profile", "p", nil,
+		"One or more Compose profiles to enable.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.recreate, "recreate", false,
+		"Recreate containers even if their configuration and image haven't changed.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.yes, "yes", "y", false,
+		"Auto-confirm deployment plan. Should be explicitly set when running non-interactively,\n"+
+			"e.g., in CI/CD pipelines. [$UNCLOUD_AUTO_CONFIRM]")
+
+	// TODO: Consider adding a filter flag to specify which machines to deploy to but keep the rest running.
+	//  Could be useful to test a new version on a subset of machines before rolling out to all.
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+// projectOpts returns the project options for the Compose file(s).
+func projectOpts(opts deployOptions) []composecli.ProjectOptionsFn {
+	projectOpts := []composecli.ProjectOptionsFn{}
+
+	if len(opts.profiles) > 0 {
+		projectOpts = append(projectOpts, composecli.WithDefaultProfiles(opts.profiles...))
+	}
+
+	return projectOpts
+}
+
+// runDeploy parses the Compose file(s) and deploys the services.
+func runDeploy(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts deployOptions) error {
+	projectOpts := projectOpts(opts)
+
+	project, err := compose.LoadProject(ctx, opts.files, projectOpts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("load compose file(s): %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(opts.services) > 0 {
+		// Includes service dependencies by default. This is the default docker compose behavior.
+		project, err = project.WithSelectedServices(opts.services)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("select services: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	servicesToBuild := cli.GetServicesThatNeedBuild(project)
+
+	if len(servicesToBuild) > 0 {
+		if opts.noBuild {
+			fmt.Println("Not building services as requested.")
+		} else {
+			buildOpts := cli.BuildOptions{
+				Push:    true,
+				NoCache: false,
+			}
+
+			if err := cli.BuildServices(ctx, servicesToBuild, buildOpts); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("build services: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	var strategy deploy.Strategy
+	if opts.recreate {
+		strategy = &deploy.RollingStrategy{ForceRecreate: true}
+	}
+	composeDeploy, err := compose.NewDeploymentWithStrategy(ctx, clusterClient, project, strategy)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create compose deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	plan, err := composeDeploy.Plan(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("plan deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(plan.Operations) == 0 {
+		fmt.Println("Services are up to date.")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("Deployment plan:")
+	if err = printPlan(ctx, clusterClient, plan); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("print deployment plan: %w", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	// Ask for plan confirmation before proceeding with the deployment unless auto-confirmed with --yes.
+	if !opts.yes {
+		if !cli.IsStdinTerminal() {
+			return errors.New("cannot ask to confirm deployment plan in non-interactive mode, " +
+				"use --yes flag or set UNCLOUD_AUTO_CONFIRM=true to auto-confirm")
+		}
+
+		confirmed, err := cli.Confirm()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("confirm deployment: %w", err)
+		}
+		if !confirmed {
+			fmt.Println("Cancelled. No changes were made.")
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	return progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		if err := plan.Execute(ctx, clusterClient); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("deploy services: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}, uncli.ProgressOut(), "Deploying services")
+}
+
+func printPlan(ctx context.Context, cli *client.Client, plan deploy.SequenceOperation) error {
+	for _, op := range plan.Operations {
+		svcPlan, ok := op.(*deploy.Plan)
+		if !ok {
+			fmt.Println("- " + op.Format(nil))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		svc, err := cli.InspectService(ctx, svcPlan.ServiceID)
+		if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("inspect service: %w", err)
+		}
+		// Initialise a machine and container name resolver to properly format the service plan output.
+		resolver, err := cli.ServiceOperationNameResolver(ctx, svc)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create machine and container name resolver for service operations: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("- Deploy service [name=%s]\n", svcPlan.ServiceName)
+		fmt.Println(indent(svcPlan.Format(resolver), "  "))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func indent(text, prefix string) string {
+	lines := strings.Split(text, "\n")
+	for i, line := range lines {
+		lines[i] = prefix + line
+	}
+	return strings.Join(lines, "\n")
+}

cmd/uncloud/dns/release.go

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package dns
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
+)
+
+type releaseOptions struct {
+	context string
+}
+
+func NewReleaseCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := releaseOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "release",
+		Short: "Release the reserved cluster domain.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return release(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func release(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts releaseOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	domain, err := client.ReleaseDomain(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
+	if err != nil {
+		if status.Convert(err).Code() == codes.NotFound {
+			return errors.New("no domain reserved")
+		}
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Released cluster domain: %s\n", domain.Name)
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/dns/reserve.go

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+package dns
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/caddy"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+)
+
+const DefaultUncloudDNSAPIEndpoint = "https://dns.uncloud.run/v1"
+
+type reserveOptions struct {
+	endpoint string
+	context  string
+}
+
+func NewReserveCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := reserveOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "reserve",
+		Short: "Reserve a cluster domain in Uncloud DNS.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return reserve(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.endpoint, "endpoint", DefaultUncloudDNSAPIEndpoint,
+		"API endpoint for the Uncloud DNS service.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func reserve(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts reserveOptions) error {
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	domain, err := clusterClient.ReserveDomain(ctx, &pb.ReserveDomainRequest{Endpoint: opts.endpoint})
+	if err != nil {
+		if status.Convert(err).Code() == codes.AlreadyExists {
+			return errors.New("domain already reserved")
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Reserved cluster domain: %s\n", domain.Name)
+
+	// Update cluster domain records in Uncloud DNS to point to machines running caddy service if it has been deployed.
+	if _, err = clusterClient.InspectService(ctx, client.CaddyServiceName); err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			fmt.Println("Deploy the Caddy reverse proxy service ('uc caddy deploy') to enable internet access " +
+				"to your services via the reserved or your custom domain.")
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("inspect caddy service: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return caddy.UpdateDomainRecords(ctx, clusterClient, uncli.ProgressOut())
+}

cmd/uncloud/dns/root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package dns
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "dns",
+		Short: "Manage cluster domain in Uncloud DNS.",
+		Long: "Manage cluster domain in Uncloud DNS.\n" +
+			"DNS commands allow you to reserve or release a unique '<id>.cluster.uncloud.run' domain for your " +
+			"cluster. When reserved, Caddy service deployments will automatically update DNS records to route " +
+			"traffic to the services in the cluster.",
+	}
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewReleaseCommand(),
+		NewReserveCommand(),
+		NewShowCommand(),
+	)
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/uncloud/dns/show.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package dns
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type showOptions struct {
+	context string
+}
+
+func NewShowCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := showOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "show",
+		Short: "Print the cluster domain name.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return show(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func show(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts showOptions) error {
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	domain, err := clusterClient.GetDomain(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			return errors.New("no domain reserved")
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println(domain)
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/docs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra/doc"
+)
+
+const docsDir = "website/docs/9-cli-reference"
+
+type cmdWrapper struct {
+	cmd *cobra.Command
+}
+
+// NewDocsCommand creates a new hidden command to generate CLI reference docs.
+func NewDocsCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	wrapper := &cmdWrapper{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:                   "docs",
+		Short:                 "Generate Uncloud CLI reference docs",
+		SilenceUsage:          true,
+		DisableFlagsInUseLine: true,
+		Hidden:                true,
+		Args:                  cobra.NoArgs,
+		ValidArgsFunction:     cobra.NoFileCompletions,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+			// Remove existing markdown files.
+			mdFiles, err := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(docsDir, "*.md"))
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("list existing CLI docs: %w", err)
+			}
+			for _, f := range mdFiles {
+				if err = os.Remove(f); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("remove '%s': %w", f, err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Generate new CLI reference docs.
+			wrapper.cmd.Root().DisableAutoGenTag = true
+			if err := doc.GenMarkdownTree(cmd.Root(), docsDir); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("generate CLI docs: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			// Remove *completion*.md files that contain malformatted code blocks that break Docusaurus.
+			mdFiles, err = filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(docsDir, "*completion*.md"))
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("list generated CLI docs: %w", err)
+			}
+			for _, f := range mdFiles {
+				if err = os.Remove(f); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("remove '%s': %w", f, err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Post-process generated markdown files.
+			mdFiles, err = filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(docsDir, "*.md"))
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("list generated CLI docs: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			for _, f := range mdFiles {
+				if err = postProcessMarkdown(f); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("post-process '%s': %w", f, err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	wrapper.cmd = cmd
+	return cmd
+}
+
+// postProcessMarkdown applies transformations to generated markdown files.
+func postProcessMarkdown(filename string) error {
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	content := string(data)
+
+	// Replace "SEE ALSO" with "See also".
+	content = strings.ReplaceAll(content, "SEE ALSO", "See also")
+	// Escape <id> to avoid Docusaurus treating it as an HTML tag.
+	content = strings.ReplaceAll(content, "<id>", "\\<id>")
+
+	// Remove broken links to completion docs.
+	if strings.Contains(content, "[uc completion") {
+		lines := strings.Split(content, "\n")
+		var filteredLines []string
+		for _, line := range lines {
+			if !strings.Contains(line, "[uc completion") {
+				filteredLines = append(filteredLines, line)
+			}
+		}
+		content = strings.Join(filteredLines, "\n")
+	}
+
+	// Adjust heading levels. Process from shortest to longest to avoid double replacements.
+	replacements := []struct {
+		old, new string
+	}{
+		{`(?m)^## `, `# `},
+		{`(?m)^### `, `## `},
+		{`(?m)^#### `, `### `},
+		{`(?m)^##### `, `#### `},
+	}
+
+	for _, r := range replacements {
+		re := regexp.MustCompile(r.old)
+		content = re.ReplaceAllString(content, r.new)
+	}
+
+	return os.WriteFile(filename, []byte(content), 0o644)
+}

cmd/uncloud/image/ls.go

@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+package image
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss/table"
+	"github.com/containerd/platforms"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
+	"github.com/docker/go-units"
+	"github.com/muesli/termenv"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type listOptions struct {
+	machines   []string
+	nameFilter string
+	context    string
+}
+
+func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := listOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "ls [REPO:[TAG]]",
+		Aliases: []string{"list"},
+		Short:   "List images on machines in the cluster.",
+		Long:    "List images on machines in the cluster. By default, on all machines. Optionally filter by image name.",
+		Example: `  # List all images on all machines.
+  uc image ls
+
+  # List images on specific machine.
+  uc image ls -m machine1
+
+  # List images on multiple machines.
+  uc image ls -m machine1,machine2
+
+  # List images filtered by name (with any tag) on all machines.
+  uc image ls myapp
+
+  # List images filtered by name pattern on specific machine.
+  uc image ls "myapp:1.*" -m machine1`,
+		Args: cobra.MaximumNArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			if len(args) > 0 {
+				opts.nameFilter = args[0]
+			}
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
+		"Filter images by machine name or ID. Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated list. "+
+			"(default is include all machines)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+// imageRow represents a single image with its metadata for display.
+type imageRow struct {
+	id           string
+	name         string
+	platforms    string
+	createdHuman string
+	createdUnix  int64
+	size         string
+	inUse        string
+	store        string
+	machine      string
+}
+
+func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts listOptions) error {
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	// Get all machines to create ID to name mapping.
+	allMachines, err := clusterClient.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	machineIDToName := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, machineMember := range allMachines {
+		if machineMember.Machine != nil && machineMember.Machine.Id != "" && machineMember.Machine.Name != "" {
+			machineIDToName[machineMember.Machine.Id] = machineMember.Machine.Name
+		}
+	}
+
+	machines := cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.machines)
+
+	clusterImages, err := clusterClient.ListImages(ctx, api.ImageFilter{
+		Machines: machines,
+		Name:     opts.nameFilter,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list images: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Collect all images from all machines.
+	var rows []imageRow
+
+	for _, machineImages := range clusterImages {
+		// Get machine name for better readability.
+		machineName := machineImages.Metadata.Machine
+		if m := allMachines.FindByNameOrID(machineName); m != nil {
+			machineName = m.Machine.Name
+		}
+
+		store := "docker"
+		if machineImages.ContainerdStore {
+			store = "containerd"
+		}
+
+		// Process each image for this machine.
+		for _, img := range machineImages.Images {
+			// Show the first 12 chars without 'sha256:' as the image ID like Docker does.
+			id := strings.TrimPrefix(img.ID, "sha256:")[:12]
+
+			name := "<none>"
+			if len(img.RepoTags) > 0 && img.RepoTags[0] != "<none>:<none>" {
+				name = img.RepoTags[0]
+			}
+
+			imgPlatforms, _ := imagePlatforms(img)
+			formattedPlatforms := formatPlatforms(imgPlatforms)
+
+			created := ""
+			createdAt := time.Unix(img.Created, 0)
+			if !createdAt.IsZero() {
+				created = units.HumanDuration(time.Now().UTC().Sub(createdAt)) + " ago"
+			}
+
+			size := units.HumanSizeWithPrecision(float64(img.Size), 3)
+
+			// Check if the image is in use by any containers. Only supported by Docker API >=1.51
+			inUse := "-"
+			if img.Containers != -1 { // -1 means the info is not available.
+				if img.Containers > 0 {
+					inUse = lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("10")).Render("●")
+				} else {
+					inUse = lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("8")).Render("○")
+				}
+			}
+
+			rows = append(rows, imageRow{
+				id:           id,
+				name:         name,
+				platforms:    formattedPlatforms,
+				createdHuman: created,
+				createdUnix:  img.Created,
+				size:         size,
+				inUse:        inUse,
+				store:        store,
+				machine:      machineName,
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(rows) == 0 {
+		if opts.nameFilter != "" {
+			fmt.Printf("No images matching '%s' found.\n", opts.nameFilter)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Println("No images found.")
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Sort images by name, then by machine name.
+	sort.Slice(rows, func(i, j int) bool {
+		if rows[i].name != rows[j].name {
+			return rows[i].name < rows[j].name
+		}
+		return rows[i].machine < rows[j].machine
+	})
+
+	// Print the images in a table format.
+	fmt.Println(formatImageTable(rows))
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// imagePlatforms returns a list of platforms supported by the image and a boolean indicating if it's multi-platform.
+func imagePlatforms(img image.Summary) ([]string, bool) {
+	var formattedPlatforms []string
+	multiPlatform := false
+
+	for _, m := range img.Manifests {
+		if m.Kind != image.ManifestKindImage || !m.Available {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if m.ID != img.ID {
+			// There is an image manifest that has digest different from the main image digest.
+			// This means the image manifest is an index or a manifest list (multi-platform image).
+			multiPlatform = true
+		}
+		formattedPlatforms = append(formattedPlatforms, platforms.Format(m.ImageData.Platform))
+	}
+
+	slices.Sort(formattedPlatforms)
+
+	return formattedPlatforms, multiPlatform
+}
+
+func formatPlatforms(platforms []string) string {
+	if len(platforms) == 0 {
+		return "-"
+	}
+
+	platformStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().
+		BorderForeground(lipgloss.Color("152")).
+		Foreground(lipgloss.Color("0")).
+		Background(lipgloss.Color("152"))
+	// Use fancy pill borders only if the output is a terminal with color support.
+	if lipgloss.ColorProfile() != termenv.Ascii {
+		platformStyle = platformStyle.Border(lipgloss.Border{Left: "", Right: ""}, false, true, false, true)
+	}
+
+	styledPlatforms := make([]string, len(platforms))
+	for i, p := range platforms {
+		styledPlatforms[i] = platformStyle.Render(p)
+	}
+
+	return strings.Join(styledPlatforms, " ")
+}
+
+func formatImageTable(rows []imageRow) string {
+	columns := []struct {
+		name string
+		hide bool
+	}{
+		{name: "IMAGE ID"},
+		{name: "NAME"},
+		{name: "PLATFORMS"},
+		{name: "CREATED"},
+		{name: "SIZE"},
+		{name: "IN USE"},
+		{name: "STORE"},
+		{name: "MACHINE"},
+	}
+
+	// Hide the "IN USE" column if none of the images have that info available.
+	inUseInfoAvailable := slices.ContainsFunc(rows, func(r imageRow) bool {
+		return r.inUse != "-"
+	})
+	if !inUseInfoAvailable {
+		// Hide "IN USE" column.
+		columns[5].hide = true
+	}
+
+	t := table.New().
+		// Remove the default border.
+		Border(lipgloss.Border{}).
+		BorderTop(false).
+		BorderBottom(false).
+		BorderLeft(false).
+		BorderRight(false).
+		BorderHeader(false).
+		BorderColumn(false).
+		StyleFunc(func(row, col int) lipgloss.Style {
+			if row == table.HeaderRow {
+				return lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true).PaddingRight(3)
+			}
+			// Regular style for data rows with padding.
+			return lipgloss.NewStyle().PaddingRight(3)
+		})
+
+	var headers []string
+	for _, col := range columns {
+		if !col.hide {
+			headers = append(headers, col.name)
+		}
+	}
+	t.Headers(headers...)
+
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		values := []string{
+			row.id,
+			row.name,
+			row.platforms,
+			row.createdHuman,
+			row.size,
+			row.inUse,
+			row.store,
+			row.machine,
+		}
+		var filteredValues []string
+		for i, v := range values {
+			if !columns[i].hide {
+				filteredValues = append(filteredValues, v)
+			}
+		}
+		t.Row(filteredValues...)
+	}
+
+	return t.String()
+}

cmd/uncloud/image/push.go

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+package image
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/containerd/platforms"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type pushOptions struct {
+	image    string
+	machines []string
+	context  string
+	platform string
+}
+
+func NewPushCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := pushOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "push IMAGE",
+		Short: "Upload a local Docker image to the cluster.",
+		Long: `Upload a local Docker image to the cluster transferring only the missing layers.
+The image is uploaded to the machine which CLI is connected to (default) or the specified machine(s).`,
+		Example: `  # Push image to the machine the CLI is connected to.
+  uc image push myapp:latest
+
+  # Push image to specific machine.
+  uc image push myapp:latest -m machine1
+
+  # Push image to multiple machines.
+  uc image push myapp:latest -m machine1,machine2,machine3
+
+  # Push image to all machines in the cluster.
+  uc image push myapp:latest -m all
+
+  # Push a specific platform of a multi-platform image.
+  uc image push myapp:latest --platform linux/amd64`,
+		Args: cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+
+			opts.image = args[0]
+			return push(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
+		"Machine names to push the image to. Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated "+
+			"list of machine names.\n"+
+			"Use 'all' to push to all machines. (default is connected machine)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
+		&opts.platform, "platform", "",
+		"Push a specific platform of a multi-platform image (e.g., linux/amd64, linux/arm64).\n"+
+			"Local Docker must be configured to use containerd image store to support multi-platform images.",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func push(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts pushOptions) error {
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	machines := cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.machines)
+	pushOpts := client.PushImageOptions{}
+
+	// Special handling for "all" keyword to push to all machines.
+	if len(machines) == 1 && machines[0] == "all" {
+		pushOpts.AllMachines = true
+	} else {
+		pushOpts.Machines = machines
+	}
+
+	if opts.platform != "" {
+		p, err := platforms.Parse(opts.platform)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid platform '%s': %w", opts.platform, err)
+		}
+		pushOpts.Platform = &p
+	}
+
+	return progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		if err = clusterClient.PushImage(ctx, opts.image, pushOpts); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("push image to cluster: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}, uncli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Pushing image %s to cluster", opts.image))
+}

cmd/uncloud/image/root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package image
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "image",
+		Short: "Manage images on machines in the cluster.",
+	}
+
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewListCommand(),
+		NewPushCommand(),
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/uncloud/images.go

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/image"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// NewImagesCommand returns the 'image ls' command modified to work as 'images'.
+func NewImagesCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	listCmd := image.NewListCommand()
+	listCmd.Use = "images [IMAGE]"
+	// Remove 'list' alias since this command is already an alias.
+	listCmd.Aliases = nil
+	listCmd.Example = strings.ReplaceAll(listCmd.Example, "uc image ls", "uc images")
+
+	return listCmd
+}

cmd/uncloud/machine/add.go

@@ -1,16 +1,32 @@
 package machine
 
 import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/caddy"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 )
 
 type addOptions struct {
-	name    string
-	sshKey  string
-	cluster string
+	name      string
+	noCaddy   bool
+	noInstall bool
+	publicIP  string
+	sshKey    string
+	context   string
+	version   string
 }
 
 func NewAddCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -26,24 +42,154 @@ func NewAddCommand() *cobra.Command {
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("parse remote machine: %w", err)
 			}
-			remoteMachine := cli.RemoteMachine{
+			remoteMachine := &cli.RemoteMachine{
 				User:    user,
 				Host:    host,
 				Port:    port,
 				KeyPath: opts.sshKey,
 			}
 
-			return uncli.AddMachine(cmd.Context(), remoteMachine, opts.cluster, opts.name)
+			return add(cmd.Context(), uncli, remoteMachine, opts)
 		},
 	}
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.name, "name", "n", "", "Assign a name to the machine.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(
+		&opts.noCaddy, "no-caddy", false,
+		"Don't deploy Caddy reverse proxy service to the machine.",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(
+		&opts.noInstall, "no-install", false,
+		"Skip installation of Docker, Uncloud daemon, and dependencies on the machine. "+
+			"Assumes they're already installed and running.",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
+		&opts.publicIP, "public-ip", "auto",
+		"Public IP address of the machine for ingress configuration. Use 'auto' for automatic detection, "+
+			fmt.Sprintf("blank '' or '%s' to disable ingress on this machine, or specify an IP address.", PublicIPNone),
+	)
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
 		&opts.sshKey, "ssh-key", "i", "",
-		"path to SSH private key for SSH remote login. (default ~/.ssh/id_*)",
+		fmt.Sprintf("Path to SSH private key for remote login (if not already added to SSH agent). (default %q)",
+			cli.DefaultSSHKeyPath),
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
+		&opts.version, "version", "latest",
+		"Version of the Uncloud daemon to install on the machine.",
 	)
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.cluster, "cluster", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster to add the machine to. (default is the current cluster)",
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context to add the machine to. (default is the current context)",
 	)
+
 	return cmd
 }
+
+func add(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, remoteMachine *cli.RemoteMachine, opts addOptions) error {
+	var publicIP *netip.Addr
+	switch opts.publicIP {
+	case "auto":
+		publicIP = &netip.Addr{}
+	case "", PublicIPNone:
+		publicIP = nil
+	default:
+		ip, err := netip.ParseAddr(opts.publicIP)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parse public IP: %w", err)
+		}
+		publicIP = &ip
+	}
+
+	clusterClient, machineClient, err := uncli.AddMachine(ctx, cli.AddMachineOptions{
+		Context:       opts.context,
+		MachineName:   opts.name,
+		PublicIP:      publicIP,
+		RemoteMachine: remoteMachine,
+		SkipInstall:   opts.noInstall,
+		Version:       opts.version,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+	defer machineClient.Close()
+
+	if opts.noCaddy {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Wait for the cluster to be initialised to be able to deploy the Caddy service.
+	fmt.Println("Waiting for the machine to be ready...")
+	fmt.Println()
+	if err = waitClusterInitialised(ctx, machineClient); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("wait for cluster to be initialised on machine: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Deploy a Caddy service container to the added machine. If caddy service is already deployed on other machines,
+	// use the deployed image version. Otherwise, use the latest version.
+	// NOTE: We use the cluster client to inspect and scale the Caddy service because the newly added machine may have
+	// issues accessing the Machine API of existing machines in the cluster.
+	// See the issue for more details: https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/issues/65.
+	caddyImage := ""
+	caddySvc, err := clusterClient.InspectService(ctx, client.CaddyServiceName)
+	if err != nil {
+		if !errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("inspect caddy service: %w", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		caddyImage = caddySvc.Containers[0].Container.Config.Image
+		// Find the latest created container and use its image.
+		var latestCreated time.Time
+		for _, c := range caddySvc.Containers[1:] {
+			created, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, c.Container.Created)
+			if err != nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			if created.After(latestCreated) {
+				latestCreated = created
+				caddyImage = c.Container.Config.Image
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// TODO: scale the existing Caddy service to the new machine instead of running a new deployment
+	//  that may cause a small downtime.
+	d, err := clusterClient.NewCaddyDeployment(caddyImage, "", api.Placement{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create caddy deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		if _, err = d.Run(ctx); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("deploy caddy: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}, uncli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Deploying service %s", d.Spec.Name))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println()
+	return caddy.UpdateDomainRecords(ctx, machineClient, uncli.ProgressOut())
+}
+
+func waitClusterInitialised(ctx context.Context, client *client.Client) error {
+	boff := backoff.WithContext(backoff.NewExponentialBackOff(
+		backoff.WithMaxInterval(1*time.Second),
+		backoff.WithMaxElapsedTime(5*time.Minute),
+	), ctx)
+
+	check := func() error {
+		_, err := client.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
+		if err == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		statusErr := status.Convert(err)
+		if statusErr.Code() == codes.FailedPrecondition {
+			return err
+		}
+		return backoff.Permanent(err)
+	}
+
+	return backoff.Retry(check, boff)
+}

cmd/uncloud/machine/constants.go

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+package machine
+
+const (
+	// PublicIPNone is the value used to indicate removal of public IP
+	PublicIPNone = "none"
+)

cmd/uncloud/machine/init.go

@@ -1,27 +1,54 @@
 package machine
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"net/netip"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli/config"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/cluster"
+
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/caddy"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/dns"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/cluster"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 type initOptions struct {
-	name    string
-	network string
-	sshKey  string
-	cluster string
+	dnsEndpoint string
+	name        string
+	network     string
+	noCaddy     bool
+	noDNS       bool
+	noInstall   bool
+	publicIP    string
+	sshKey      string
+	version     string
+	context     string
 }
 
 func NewInitCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	opts := initOptions{}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "init [USER@HOST:PORT]",
-		Short: "Initialise a new cluster that consists of the local or remote machine.",
-		// TODO: include usage examples of initialising a local and remote machine.
+		Short: "Initialise a new cluster with a remote machine as the first member.",
+		Long: "Initialise a new cluster by setting up a remote machine as the first member.\n" +
+			"This command creates a new context in your Uncloud config to manage the cluster.",
+		Example: `  # Initialise a new cluster with default settings.
+  uc machine init root@<your-server-ip>
+
+  # Initialise with a context name 'prod' in the Uncloud config (~/.config/uncloud/config.yaml) and machine name 'vps1'.
+  uc machine init root@<your-server-ip> -c prod -n vps1
+
+  # Initialise with a non-root user and custom SSH port and key.
+  uc machine init ubuntu@<your-server-ip>:2222 -i ~/.ssh/mykey
+
+  # Initialise without Caddy (no reverse proxy) and without an automatically managed domain name (xxxxxx.cluster.uncloud.run).
+  # You can deploy Caddy with 'uc caddy deploy' and reserve a domain with 'uc dns reserve' later.
+  uc machine init root@<your-server-ip> --no-caddy --no-dns`,
+		// TODO: support initialising a cluster on the local machine.
 		Args: cobra.MaximumNArgs(1),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
@@ -39,27 +66,125 @@ func NewInitCommand() *cobra.Command {
 					KeyPath: opts.sshKey,
 				}
 			}
-			netPrefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(opts.network)
-			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("parse network CIDR: %w", err)
-			}
 
-			return uncli.InitCluster(cmd.Context(), remoteMachine, opts.cluster, opts.name, netPrefix)
+			return initCluster(cmd.Context(), uncli, remoteMachine, opts)
 		},
 	}
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.name, "name", "n", "", "Assign a name to the machine.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.dnsEndpoint, "dns-endpoint", dns.DefaultUncloudDNSAPIEndpoint,
+		"API endpoint for the Uncloud DNS service.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.name, "name", "n", "",
+		"Assign a name to the machine.",
+	)
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
 		&opts.network, "network", cluster.DefaultNetwork.String(),
 		"IPv4 network CIDR to use for machines and services.",
 	)
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.sshKey, "ssh-key", "i", "",
-		"path to SSH private key for SSH remote login. (default ~/.ssh/id_*)",
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(
+		&opts.noCaddy, "no-caddy", false,
+		"Don't deploy Caddy reverse proxy service to the machine. You can deploy it later with 'uc caddy deploy'.",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(
+		&opts.noDNS, "no-dns", false,
+		"Don't reserve a cluster domain in Uncloud DNS. You can reserve it later with 'uc dns reserve'.",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(
+		&opts.noInstall, "no-install", false,
+		"Skip installation of Docker, Uncloud daemon, and dependencies on the machine. "+
+			"Assumes they're already installed and running.",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
+		&opts.publicIP, "public-ip", "auto",
+		"Public IP address of the machine for ingress configuration. Use 'auto' for automatic detection, "+
+			fmt.Sprintf("blank '' or '%s' to disable ingress on this machine, or specify an IP address.", PublicIPNone),
 	)
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.cluster, "cluster", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster in the local config if initialising a remote machine.",
+		&opts.sshKey, "ssh-key", "i", "",
+		fmt.Sprintf("Path to SSH private key for remote login (if not already added to SSH agent). (default %q)",
+			cli.DefaultSSHKeyPath),
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
+		&opts.version, "version", "latest",
+		"Version of the Uncloud daemon to install on the machine.",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", cli.DefaultContextName,
+		"Name of the new context to be created in the Uncloud config to manage the cluster.",
 	)
 
 	return cmd
 }
+
+func initCluster(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, remoteMachine *cli.RemoteMachine, opts initOptions) error {
+	netPrefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(opts.network)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("parse network CIDR: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var publicIP *netip.Addr
+	switch opts.publicIP {
+	case "auto":
+		publicIP = &netip.Addr{}
+	case "", PublicIPNone:
+		publicIP = nil
+	default:
+		ip, err := netip.ParseAddr(opts.publicIP)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parse public IP: %w", err)
+		}
+		publicIP = &ip
+	}
+	client, err := uncli.InitCluster(ctx, cli.InitClusterOptions{
+		Context:       opts.context,
+		MachineName:   opts.name,
+		Network:       netPrefix,
+		PublicIP:      publicIP,
+		RemoteMachine: remoteMachine,
+		SkipInstall:   opts.noInstall,
+		Version:       opts.version,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	if opts.noCaddy && opts.noDNS {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Deploy the Caddy service to the initialised machine.
+	// The creation of a deployment plan talks to cluster API. Since the API needs a few moments to become available
+	// after cluster initialisation, we keep the user informed during this wait.
+	fmt.Println("Waiting for the machine to be ready...")
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	if !opts.noDNS {
+		domain, err := client.ReserveDomain(ctx, &pb.ReserveDomainRequest{Endpoint: opts.dnsEndpoint})
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("reserve cluster domain in Uncloud DNS: %w", err)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Reserved cluster domain: %s\n", domain.Name)
+	}
+
+	if !opts.noCaddy {
+		d, err := client.NewCaddyDeployment("", "", api.Placement{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create caddy deployment: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			if _, err = d.Run(ctx); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("deploy caddy: %w", err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}, uncli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Deploying service %s", d.Spec.Name))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println()
+		return caddy.UpdateDomainRecords(ctx, client, uncli.ProgressOut())
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/machine/ls.go

@@ -3,30 +3,30 @@ package machine
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"text/tabwriter"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/network"
-	"uncloud/internal/secret"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/network"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
-	var cluster string
+	var contextName string
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "ls",
 		Aliases: []string{"list"},
 		Short:   "List machines in a cluster.",
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
-			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli, cluster)
+			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli, contextName)
 		},
 	}
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&cluster, "cluster", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster. (default is the current cluster)",
+		&contextName, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
 	)
 	return cmd
 }
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, clusterName string) error {
 	}
 	defer client.Close()
 
-	machines, err := client.ListMachines(ctx)
+	machines, err := client.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, clusterName string) error {
 	// Print the list of machines in a table format.
 	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
 	// Print header.
-	if _, err = fmt.Fprintln(tw, "NAME\tSTATE\tADDRESS\tPUBLIC KEY\tENDPOINTS"); err != nil {
+	if _, err = fmt.Fprintln(tw, "NAME\tSTATE\tADDRESS\tPUBLIC IP\tWIREGUARD ENDPOINTS\tMACHINE ID"); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("write header: %w", err)
 	}
 	// Print rows.
@@ -54,14 +54,22 @@ func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, clusterName string) error {
 		m := member.Machine
 		subnet, _ := m.Network.Subnet.ToPrefix()
 		subnet = netip.PrefixFrom(network.MachineIP(subnet), subnet.Bits())
+
+		publicIP := "-"
+		if m.PublicIp != nil {
+			ip, _ := m.PublicIp.ToAddr()
+			publicIP = ip.String()
+		}
+
 		endpoints := make([]string, len(m.Network.Endpoints))
 		for i, ep := range m.Network.Endpoints {
 			addrPort, _ := ep.ToAddrPort()
 			endpoints[i] = addrPort.String()
 		}
-		publicKey := secret.Secret(m.Network.PublicKey)
+
 		if _, err = fmt.Fprintf(
-			tw, "%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n", m.Name, capitalise(member.State.String()), subnet, publicKey, strings.Join(endpoints, ", "),
+			tw, "%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n", m.Name, capitalise(member.State.String()), subnet, publicIP,
+			strings.Join(endpoints, ", "), member.Machine.Id,
 		); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("write row: %w", err)
 		}

cmd/uncloud/machine/rename.go

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package machine
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewRenameCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	var contextName string
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "rename OLD_NAME NEW_NAME",
+		Short: "Rename a machine in the cluster.",
+		Long: `Rename a machine in the cluster.
+
+This command changes the name of an existing machine while preserving all other
+configuration including network settings, public IP, and cluster membership.`,
+		Args: cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return rename(cmd.Context(), uncli, contextName, args[0], args[1])
+		},
+	}
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&contextName, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func rename(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, contextName, oldName, newName string) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, contextName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	machine, err := client.RenameMachine(ctx, oldName, newName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("rename machine: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Machine %q renamed to %q (ID: %s)\n", oldName, machine.Name, machine.Id)
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/machine/rm.go

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+package machine
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"maps"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss/tree"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type removeOptions struct {
+	noReset bool
+	yes     bool
+	context string
+}
+
+func NewRmCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := removeOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "rm MACHINE",
+		Aliases: []string{"remove", "delete"},
+		Short:   "Remove a machine from a cluster and reset it.",
+		Args:    cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return remove(cmd.Context(), uncli, args[0], opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.yes, "yes", "y", false,
+		"Do not prompt for confirmation before removing the machine.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.noReset, "no-reset", false,
+		"Do not reset the machine after removing it from the cluster. This will leave all containers and data intact.")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func remove(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, nameOrID string, opts removeOptions) error {
+	// TODO: automatically choose a connection to the machine that is not being removed.
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Verify the machine exists and list all service containers on it including stopped ones.
+	mctx, machines, err := api.ProxyMachinesContext(ctx, client, []string{nameOrID})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(machines) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("machine '%s' not found in the cluster", nameOrID)
+	}
+	m := machines[0].Machine
+
+	// Verify if the machine being removed is the proxy machine we're connected to.
+	proxyMachine, err := client.MachineClient.Inspect(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("inspect proxy machine: %w", err)
+	}
+	if proxyMachine.Id == m.Id {
+		allMachines, err := client.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
+		}
+		if len(allMachines) > 1 {
+			return errors.New("cannot remove the machine you are currently connected to. " +
+				"Please connect to another machine in the cluster and try again. " +
+				"Use --connect flag or update 'connections' for the cluster context in your Uncloud config")
+			// It's ok to remove the proxy machine if it's the last one in the cluster.
+		}
+	}
+
+	// TODO: mark the machine as being removed and unschedulable when this is possible to prevent new containers
+	//  from being scheduled on it while the removal is in progress.
+
+	reset := !opts.noReset
+	var containers []api.ServiceContainer
+	reachable := false
+	if reset {
+		// Check if the machine is up and has service containers.
+		listOpts := container.ListOptions{All: true}
+		machineContainers, err := client.Docker.ListServiceContainers(mctx, "", listOpts)
+		if err == nil {
+			reachable = true
+			containers = machineContainers[0].Containers
+			if len(containers) > 0 {
+				plural := ""
+				if len(containers) > 1 {
+					plural = "s"
+				}
+				fmt.Printf("Found %d service container%s on machine '%s':\n", len(containers), plural, m.Name)
+				fmt.Println(formatContainerTree(containers))
+				fmt.Println()
+				fmt.Println("This will remove all service containers from the machine, remove it from the cluster, " +
+					"and reset it to the uninitialised state.")
+			} else {
+				fmt.Printf("No service containers found on machine '%s'.\n", m.Name)
+				fmt.Println("This will remove the machine from the cluster and reset it to the uninitialised state.")
+			}
+		} else {
+			fmt.Printf("This will remove machine '%s' from the cluster without resetting it as it's unreachable.\n",
+				m.Name)
+		}
+	} else {
+		fmt.Printf("This will remove machine '%s' from the cluster without resetting it.\n", m.Name)
+	}
+
+	if !opts.yes {
+		confirmed, err := cli.Confirm()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("confirm removal: %w", err)
+		}
+		if !confirmed {
+			fmt.Println("Cancelled. Machine was not removed.")
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	if reset && len(containers) > 0 {
+		err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			return removeContainers(ctx, client, containers)
+		}, uncli.ProgressOut(), "Removing containers")
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remove containers: %w", err)
+		}
+		fmt.Println()
+	}
+
+	if _, err = client.RemoveMachine(ctx, &pb.RemoveMachineRequest{Id: m.Id}); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("remove machine from cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("Machine '%s' removed from the cluster.\n", m.Name)
+
+	if reset && reachable {
+		_, err = client.MachineClient.Reset(mctx, &pb.ResetRequest{})
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Printf("WARNING: Failed to reset machine: %v\n", err)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Println("Machine reset initiated and will complete in the background.")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// TODO: remove the connection to the machine from the uncloud config if it exists. We need a way to associate
+	//  the machine with its connection in the config, e.g. by storing the machine name in the connection metadata.
+
+	// TODO: If Caddy was running on this machine and a cluster domain is reserved,
+	//  let the user know that the DNS records should be updated.
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// formatContainerTree formats a list of containers grouped by service as a tree structure.
+func formatContainerTree(containers []api.ServiceContainer) string {
+	if len(containers) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// Group containers by service.
+	serviceContainers := make(map[string][]api.ServiceContainer)
+	for _, ctr := range containers {
+		serviceName := ctr.ServiceName()
+		serviceContainers[serviceName] = append(serviceContainers[serviceName], ctr)
+	}
+
+	// Build tree output.
+	var output []string
+	serviceNames := slices.Sorted(maps.Keys(serviceContainers))
+	for _, serviceName := range serviceNames {
+		ctrs := serviceContainers[serviceName]
+		mode := ctrs[0].ServiceMode()
+
+		// Format a tree for the service with its containers.
+		plural := ""
+		if len(ctrs) > 1 {
+			plural = "s"
+		}
+		t := tree.Root(fmt.Sprintf("• %s (%s, %d container%s)", serviceName, mode, len(ctrs), plural)).
+			EnumeratorStyle(lipgloss.NewStyle().MarginLeft(2).MarginRight(1))
+
+		// Add containers as children.
+		for _, ctr := range ctrs {
+			state, _ := ctr.HumanState()
+			info := fmt.Sprintf("%s • %s • %s", ctr.Name, ctr.Config.Image, state)
+			t.Child(info)
+		}
+
+		output = append(output, t.String())
+	}
+
+	return strings.Join(output, "\n")
+}
+
+// removeContainers removes the given service containers from the machine.
+func removeContainers(ctx context.Context, client api.Client, containers []api.ServiceContainer) error {
+	if len(containers) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
+	errCh := make(chan error)
+
+	for _, ctr := range containers {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(c api.ServiceContainer) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+
+			// Gracefully stop the container before removing it.
+			err := client.StopContainer(ctx, c.ServiceID(), c.ID, container.StopOptions{})
+			if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+				errCh <- fmt.Errorf("stop container '%s': %w", c.ID, err)
+			}
+
+			err = client.RemoveContainer(ctx, c.ServiceID(), c.ID, container.RemoveOptions{
+				// Remove anonymous volumes created by the container.
+				RemoveVolumes: true,
+			})
+			if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+				errCh <- fmt.Errorf("remove container '%s': %w", c.ID, err)
+			}
+		}(ctr)
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		wg.Wait()
+		close(errCh)
+	}()
+
+	var err error
+	for e := range errCh {
+		err = errors.Join(err, e)
+	}
+
+	return err
+}

cmd/uncloud/machine/root.go

@@ -6,13 +6,17 @@ import (
 
 func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:   "machine",
-		Short: "Manage machines in an Uncloud cluster.",
+		Use:     "machine",
+		Aliases: []string{"m"},
+		Short:   "Manage machines in an Uncloud cluster.",
 	}
 	cmd.AddCommand(
 		NewAddCommand(),
 		NewInitCommand(),
 		NewListCommand(),
+		NewRenameCommand(),
+		NewRmCommand(),
+		NewUpdateCommand(),
 		NewTokenCommand(),
 	)
 	return cmd

cmd/uncloud/machine/token.go

@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ package machine
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/daemon"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"uncloud/internal/daemon"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine"
 )
 
 type tokenOptions struct {

cmd/uncloud/machine/update.go

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+package machine
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type updateOptions struct {
+	name     string
+	publicIP string
+	context  string
+}
+
+func NewUpdateCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := updateOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "update",
+		Short: "Update machine configuration in the cluster.",
+		Long: `Update machine configuration in the cluster.
+
+This command allows setting various machine properties including:
+- Machine name (--name)
+- Public IP address (--public-ip)
+
+At least one flag must be specified to perform an update operation.`,
+		Args: cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return update(cmd.Context(), uncli, cmd, opts, args[0])
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
+		&opts.name, "name", "",
+		"New name for the machine",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
+		&opts.publicIP, "public-ip", "",
+		fmt.Sprintf("Public IP address of the machine for ingress configuration. Use '%s' or '' to remove the public IP.", PublicIPNone),
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func update(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, cmd *cobra.Command, opts updateOptions, machineNameOrID string) error {
+	// Check if at least one flag was explicitly set
+	if !cmd.Flags().Changed("name") && !cmd.Flags().Changed("public-ip") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("at least one update flag must be specified (--name, --public-ip)")
+	}
+
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// First, resolve the machine to get its ID
+	machine, err := client.InspectMachine(ctx, machineNameOrID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("find machine: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Build the update request
+	req := &pb.UpdateMachineRequest{
+		MachineId: machine.Machine.Id,
+	}
+
+	if opts.name != "" {
+		req.Name = &opts.name
+	}
+
+	// Check if --public-ip flag was explicitly provided
+	if cmd.Flags().Changed("public-ip") {
+		if opts.publicIP == "" || opts.publicIP == PublicIPNone {
+			req.PublicIp = &pb.IP{} // Empty IP to signal removal
+		} else {
+			// Parse and validate the public IP
+			ip, err := netip.ParseAddr(opts.publicIP)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid public IP address %q: %w", opts.publicIP, err)
+			}
+			req.PublicIp = pb.NewIP(ip)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Perform the update operation
+	updatedMachine, err := client.UpdateMachine(ctx, req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("update machine: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Report what was changed
+	changes := make([]string, 0)
+	if opts.name != "" {
+		changes = append(changes, fmt.Sprintf("name: %q -> %q", machine.Machine.Name, updatedMachine.Name))
+	}
+	if cmd.Flags().Changed("public-ip") {
+		oldIP := PublicIPNone
+		if machine.Machine.PublicIp != nil {
+			if addr, err := machine.Machine.PublicIp.ToAddr(); err == nil {
+				oldIP = addr.String()
+			}
+		}
+		newIP := PublicIPNone
+		if updatedMachine.PublicIp != nil {
+			if addr, err := updatedMachine.PublicIp.ToAddr(); err == nil {
+				newIP = addr.String()
+			}
+		}
+		changes = append(changes, fmt.Sprintf("public IP: %s -> %s", oldIP, newIP))
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Machine %q (ID: %s) configuration updated:\n", updatedMachine.Name, updatedMachine.Id)
+	for _, change := range changes {
+		fmt.Printf("  %s\n", change)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/main.go

@@ -3,50 +3,96 @@ package main
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"os"
+	"net/netip"
 	"strings"
-	"uncloud/cmd/uncloud/machine"
-	"uncloud/cmd/uncloud/service"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/caddy"
+	cmdcontext "github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/context"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/dns"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/image"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/machine"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/service"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/volume"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/fs"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/version"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
+type globalOptions struct {
+	configPath string
+	connect    string
+}
+
 func main() {
-	var configPath string
+	opts := globalOptions{}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:           "uncloud",
-		Short:         "A CLI tool for managing Uncloud resources such as clusters, machines, and services.",
+		Use:           "uc",
+		Short:         "A CLI tool for managing Uncloud resources such as machines, services, and volumes.",
+		Version:       version.String(),
 		SilenceUsage:  true,
 		SilenceErrors: true,
 		PersistentPreRunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(configPath, "~/") {
-				home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("get user home directory to resolve %q: %w", configPath, err)
+			cli.BindEnvToFlag(cmd, "connect", "UNCLOUD_CONNECT")
+			cli.BindEnvToFlag(cmd, "uncloud-config", "UNCLOUD_CONFIG")
+
+			var conn *config.MachineConnection
+			if opts.connect != "" {
+				if strings.HasPrefix(opts.connect, "tcp://") {
+					addrPort, err := netip.ParseAddrPort(opts.connect[len("tcp://"):])
+					if err != nil {
+						return fmt.Errorf("parse TCP address: %w", err)
+					}
+					conn = &config.MachineConnection{
+						TCP: &addrPort,
+					}
+				} else {
+					dest := opts.connect
+					if strings.HasPrefix(dest, "ssh://") {
+						dest = dest[len("ssh://"):]
+					}
+					conn = &config.MachineConnection{
+						SSH: config.SSHDestination(dest),
+					}
 				}
-				configPath = strings.Replace(configPath, "~", home, 1)
 			}
 
-			uncli, err := cli.New(configPath)
+			configPath := fs.ExpandHomeDir(opts.configPath)
+			uncli, err := cli.New(configPath, conn)
 			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("initialize CLI: %w", err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("initialise CLI: %w", err)
 			}
 			cmd.SetContext(context.WithValue(cmd.Context(), "cli", uncli))
 			return nil
 		},
 	}
-	// TODO: allow to override using UNCLOUD_CONFIG env var.
-	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&configPath, "uncloud-config", "~/.config/uncloud/config.toml",
-		"path to the Uncloud configuration file.")
-	_ = cmd.MarkPersistentFlagFilename("uncloud-config", "toml")
+
+	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&opts.connect, "connect", "",
+		"Connect to a remote cluster machine without using the Uncloud configuration file. [$UNCLOUD_CONNECT]\n"+
+			"Format: [ssh://]user@host[:port] or tcp://host:port")
+	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&opts.configPath, "uncloud-config", "~/.config/uncloud/config.yaml",
+		"Path to the Uncloud configuration file. [$UNCLOUD_CONFIG]")
+	_ = cmd.MarkPersistentFlagFilename("uncloud-config", "yaml", "yml")
+	// TODO: make --context a global flag and pass it as a value of the command context.
 
 	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewDeployCommand(),
+		NewDocsCommand(),
+		NewBuildCommand(),
+		NewImagesCommand(),
+		caddy.NewRootCommand(),
+		cmdcontext.NewRootCommand(),
+		dns.NewRootCommand(),
+		image.NewRootCommand(),
 		machine.NewRootCommand(),
 		service.NewRootCommand(),
 		service.NewInspectCommand(),
 		service.NewListCommand(),
 		service.NewRmCommand(),
 		service.NewRunCommand(),
+		service.NewScaleCommand(),
+		volume.NewRootCommand(),
 	)
 	cobra.CheckErr(cmd.Execute())
 }

cmd/uncloud/service/inspect.go

@@ -3,25 +3,25 @@ package service
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/stringid"
-	"github.com/docker/go-units"
 	"os"
 	"text/tabwriter"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/stringid"
+	"github.com/docker/go-units"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli"
 )
 
 type inspectOptions struct {
 	service string
-	cluster string
+	context string
 }
 
 func NewInspectCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	opts := inspectOptions{}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:   "inspect",
+		Use:   "inspect SERVICE",
 		Short: "Display detailed information on a service.",
 		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
@@ -31,14 +31,14 @@ func NewInspectCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		},
 	}
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.cluster, "cluster", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster. (default is the current cluster)",
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
 	)
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func inspect(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts inspectOptions) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.cluster)
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func inspect(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts inspectOptions) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("inspect service: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	machines, err := client.ListMachines(ctx)
+	machines, err := client.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -70,21 +70,28 @@ func inspect(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts inspectOptions) error {
 	}
 
 	for _, ctr := range svc.Containers {
-		createdAt := time.Unix(ctr.Container.Created, 0)
+		createdAt, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, ctr.Container.Created)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parse created time: %w", err)
+		}
 		created := units.HumanDuration(time.Now().UTC().Sub(createdAt)) + " ago"
 
 		machine := machinesNamesByID[ctr.MachineID]
 		if machine == "" {
 			machine = ctr.MachineID
 		}
+		state, err := ctr.Container.HumanState()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("get human state: %w", err)
+		}
 
 		_, err = fmt.Fprintf(
 			tw,
 			"%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n",
 			stringid.TruncateID(ctr.Container.ID),
-			ctr.Container.Image,
+			ctr.Container.Config.Image,
 			created,
-			ctr.Container.Status,
+			state,
 			machine,
 		)
 		if err != nil {

cmd/uncloud/service/list.go

@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-package service
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"os"
-	"text/tabwriter"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli"
-)
-
-func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
-	var cluster string
-	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:     "ls",
-		Aliases: []string{"list"},
-		Short:   "List services.",
-		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
-			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli, cluster)
-		},
-	}
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&cluster, "cluster", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster. (default is the current cluster)",
-	)
-	return cmd
-}
-
-func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, clusterName string) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, clusterName)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer client.Close()
-
-	services, err := client.ListServices(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("list services: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Print the list of services in a table format.
-	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
-	if _, err = fmt.Fprintln(tw, "SERVICE ID\tNAME\tMODE\tREPLICAS"); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("write header: %w", err)
-	}
-	for _, s := range services {
-		if _, err = fmt.Fprintf(tw, "%s\t%s\t%s\t%d\n", s.ID, s.Name, s.Mode, len(s.Containers)); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("write row: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-	return tw.Flush()
-}

cmd/uncloud/service/ls.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"text/tabwriter"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	var contextName string
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "ls",
+		Aliases: []string{"list"},
+		Short:   "List services.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli, contextName)
+		},
+	}
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&contextName, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, contextName string) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, contextName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	services, err := client.ListServices(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list services: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	serviceNames := make(map[string]struct{}, len(services))
+	haveDuplicateNames := false
+	for _, svc := range services {
+		if _, exists := serviceNames[svc.Name]; exists {
+			haveDuplicateNames = true
+			break
+		}
+		serviceNames[svc.Name] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	// Print the list of services in a table format.
+	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
+
+	// Include the ID column if there are duplicate service names to differentiate them.
+	if haveDuplicateNames {
+		if _, err = fmt.Fprintf(tw, "ID\t"); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("write header: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	if _, err = fmt.Fprintln(tw, "NAME\tMODE\tREPLICAS\tIMAGE\tENDPOINTS"); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("write header: %w", err)
+	}
+	for _, s := range services {
+		images := strings.Join(s.Images(), ", ")
+		endpoints := strings.Join(s.Endpoints(), ", ")
+
+		if haveDuplicateNames {
+			if _, err = fmt.Fprintf(tw, "%s\t", s.ID); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("write row: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+		if _, err = fmt.Fprintf(tw, "%s\t%s\t%d\t%s\t%s\n",
+			s.Name, s.Mode, len(s.Containers), images, endpoints); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("write row: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return tw.Flush()
+}

cmd/uncloud/service/rm.go

@@ -3,13 +3,15 @@ package service
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli"
 )
 
 type rmOptions struct {
 	services []string
-	cluster  string
+	context  string
 }
 
 func NewRmCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -26,25 +28,27 @@ func NewRmCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		},
 	}
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.cluster, "cluster", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster. (default is the current cluster)",
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
 	)
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func rm(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts rmOptions) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.cluster)
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}
 	defer client.Close()
 
 	for _, s := range opts.services {
-		if err = client.RemoveService(ctx, s); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("remove service %q: %w", s, err)
-		}
-		fmt.Printf("Service %q removed.\n", s)
+		err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			if err = client.RemoveService(ctx, s); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("remove service '%s': %w", s, err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}, uncli.ProgressOut(), "Removing service "+s)
 	}
 
-	return nil
+	return err
 }

cmd/uncloud/service/root.go

@@ -6,13 +6,16 @@ import (
 
 func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:   "service",
-		Short: "Manage services in an Uncloud cluster.",
+		Use:     "service",
+		Aliases: []string{"svc"},
+		Short:   "Manage services in an Uncloud cluster.",
 	}
 	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewInspectCommand(),
 		NewListCommand(),
 		NewRmCommand(),
 		NewRunCommand(),
+		NewScaleCommand(),
 	)
 	return cmd
 }

cmd/uncloud/service/run.go

@@ -3,21 +3,39 @@ package service
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	dockeropts "github.com/docker/cli/opts"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/daemon/names"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/secret"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/deploy"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"uncloud/internal/api"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli"
 )
 
 type runOptions struct {
-	command []string
-	image   string
-	machine string
-	mode    string
-	name    string
-	publish []string
-	volumes []string
+	caddyfile         string
+	command           []string
+	cpu               dockeropts.NanoCPUs
+	entrypoint        string
+	entrypointChanged bool
+	env               []string
+	image             string
+	machines          []string
+	memory            dockeropts.MemBytes
+	mode              string
+	name              string
+	privileged        bool
+	publish           []string
+	pull              string
+	replicas          uint
+	user              string
+	volumes           []string
 
-	cluster string
+	context string
 }
 
 func NewRunCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -30,6 +48,7 @@ func NewRunCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
 
+			opts.entrypointChanged = cmd.Flag("entrypoint").Changed
 			opts.image = args[0]
 			if len(args) > 1 {
 				opts.command = args[1:]
@@ -39,77 +58,325 @@ func NewRunCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		},
 	}
 
-	// TODO: implement placement constraints and translate --machine to a constraint.
-	//cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-	//	&opts.machine, "machine", "m", "",
-	//	"Name or ID of the machine to run the service on. (default is first available)",
-	//)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.caddyfile, "caddyfile", "",
+		"Path to a custom Caddy config (Caddyfile) for the service. "+
+			"Cannot be used together with non-@host published ports.")
+	cmd.Flags().VarP(&opts.cpu, "cpu", "",
+		"Maximum number of CPU cores a service container can use. Fractional values are allowed: "+
+			"0.5 for half a core or 2.25 for two and a quarter cores.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.entrypoint, "entrypoint", "",
+		"Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image. Pass an empty string \"\" to reset it.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.env, "env", "e", nil,
+		"Set an environment variable for service containers. Can be specified multiple times.\n"+
+			"Format: VAR=value or just VAR to use the value from the local environment.")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.mode, "mode", api.ServiceModeReplicated,
-		fmt.Sprintf("Replication mode of the service: either %q (a specified number of containers across "+
-			"the machines) or %q (one container on every machine).",
+		fmt.Sprintf("Replication mode of the service: either '%s' (a specified number of containers across "+
+			"the machines) or '%s' (one container on every machine).",
 			api.ServiceModeReplicated, api.ServiceModeGlobal))
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
+		"Placement constraint by machine names, limiting which machines the service can run on. Can be specified "+
+			"multiple times or as a comma-separated list of machine names. (default is any suitable machine)")
+	cmd.Flags().VarP(&opts.memory, "memory", "",
+		"Maximum amount of memory a service container can use. Value is a positive integer with optional unit suffix "+
+			"(b, k, m, g). Default unit is bytes if no suffix specified.\n"+
+			"Examples: 1073741824, 1024m, 1g (all equal 1 gibibyte)")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.name, "name", "n", "",
 		"Assign a name to the service. A random name is generated if not specified.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.privileged, "privileged", false,
+		"Give extended privileges to service containers. This is a security risk and should be used with caution.")
 	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.publish, "publish", "p", nil,
 		"Publish a service port to make it accessible outside the cluster. Can be specified multiple times.\n"+
-			"Format: [hostname:][load_balancer_port:]container_port[/protocol] or [host_ip:]:host_port:container_port[/protocol]@host\n"+
-			"Supported protocols: tcp, udp, http, https (default is tcp). If a hostname for http(s) port is not specified, a random hostname is generated.\n"+
+			"Format: [hostname:]container_port[/protocol] or [host_ip:]host_port:container_port[/protocol]@host\n"+
+			"Supported protocols: tcp, udp, http, https (default is tcp). If a hostname for http(s) port is not specified\n"+
+			"and a cluster domain is reserved, service-name.cluster-domain will be used as the hostname.\n"+
 			"Examples:\n"+
-			"  -p app.example.com:8080/https  Publish port 8080 as HTTPS via load balancer with custom hostname\n"+
-			"  -p 9000:8080                   Publish port 8080 as TCP port 9000 via load balancer\n"+
+			"  -p 8080/https                  Publish port 8080 as HTTPS via reverse proxy with default service-name.cluster-domain hostname\n"+
+			"  -p app.example.com:8080/https  Publish port 8080 as HTTPS via reverse proxy with custom hostname\n"+
+			// TODO: add support for publishing L4 tcp/udp ports.
+			//"  -p 9000:8080                   Publish port 8080 as TCP port 9000 via reverse proxy\n"+
 			"  -p 53:5353/udp@host            Bind UDP port 5353 to host port 53")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.pull, "pull", api.PullPolicyMissing,
+		fmt.Sprintf("Pull image from the registry before running service containers ('%s', '%s', '%s').",
+			api.PullPolicyAlways, api.PullPolicyMissing, api.PullPolicyNever))
+	cmd.Flags().UintVar(&opts.replicas, "replicas", 1,
+		"Number of containers to run for the service. Only valid for a replicated service.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.user, "user", "u", "",
+		"User name or UID and optionally group name or GID used for running the command inside service containers.\n"+
+			"Format: USER[:GROUP] or UID[:GID]. If not specified, the user is set to the default user of the image.")
 	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.volumes, "volume", "v", nil,
-		"Bind mount a host file or directory into a service container using the format "+
-			"/host/path:/container/path[:ro]. Can be specified multiple times.")
+		"Mount a data volume or host path into service containers. Service containers will be scheduled on the machine(s) where\n"+
+			"the volume is located. Can be specified multiple times.\n"+
+			"Format: volume_name:/container/path[:ro|volume-nocopy] or /host/path:/container/path[:ro]\n"+
+			"Examples:\n"+
+			"  -v postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data  Mount volume 'postgres-data' to /var/lib/postgresql/data in container\n"+
+			"  -v /data/uploads:/app/uploads         	 Bind mount /data/uploads host directory to /app/uploads in container\n"+
+			"  -v /host/path:/container/path:ro 		 Bind mount a host directory or file as read-only")
 
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.cluster, "cluster", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster to run the service in. (default is the current cluster)",
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context to run the service in. (default is the current context)",
 	)
 
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func run(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts runOptions) error {
+	spec, err := prepareServiceSpec(opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	var resp api.RunServiceResponse
+	err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		resp, err = clusterClient.RunService(ctx, spec)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("run service: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}, uncli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Running service %s (%s mode)", spec.Name, spec.Mode))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	svc, err := clusterClient.InspectService(ctx, resp.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("inspect service: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	endpoints := svc.Endpoints()
+	if len(endpoints) > 0 {
+		fmt.Println()
+		fmt.Printf("%s endpoints:\n", svc.Name)
+		for _, endpoint := range endpoints {
+			fmt.Printf(" • %s\n", endpoint)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func prepareServiceSpec(opts runOptions) (api.ServiceSpec, error) {
+	var spec api.ServiceSpec
+
+	caddyfile := ""
+	if opts.caddyfile != "" {
+		data, err := os.ReadFile(opts.caddyfile)
+		if err != nil {
+			return spec, fmt.Errorf("read Caddyfile: %w", err)
+		}
+		caddyfile = strings.TrimSpace(string(data))
+	}
+
+	env, err := parseEnv(opts.env)
+	if err != nil {
+		return spec, err
+	}
+
 	switch opts.mode {
-	case "", api.ServiceModeReplicated, api.ServiceModeGlobal:
+	case api.ServiceModeReplicated, api.ServiceModeGlobal:
 	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("invalid replication mode: %q", opts.mode)
+		return spec, fmt.Errorf("invalid replication mode: '%s'", opts.mode)
+	}
+
+	switch opts.pull {
+	case api.PullPolicyAlways, api.PullPolicyMissing, api.PullPolicyNever:
+	default:
+		return spec, fmt.Errorf("invalid pull policy: '%s'", opts.pull)
 	}
 
 	ports := make([]api.PortSpec, len(opts.publish))
 	for i, publishPort := range opts.publish {
 		port, err := api.ParsePortSpec(publishPort)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("invalid service port '%s': %w", publishPort, err)
+			return spec, fmt.Errorf("invalid service port '%s': %w", publishPort, err)
 		}
 		ports[i] = port
 	}
-	// TODO: parse and validate opts.volumes to fail fast if invalid.
 
-	spec := api.ServiceSpec{
-		Container: api.ContainerSpec{
-			Command: opts.command,
-			Image:   opts.image,
-			Volumes: opts.volumes,
-		},
-		Mode:  opts.mode,
-		Name:  opts.name,
-		Ports: ports,
-	}
-	if err := spec.Validate(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("invalid service configuration: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.cluster)
+	volumes, mounts, err := parseVolumeFlags(opts.volumes)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer client.Close()
-
-	if _, err = client.RunService(ctx, spec); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("run service: %w", err)
+		return spec, err
 	}
 
-	return nil
+	placement := api.Placement{
+		Machines: cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.machines),
+	}
+
+	spec = api.ServiceSpec{
+		Container: api.ContainerSpec{
+			Command:    opts.command,
+			Env:        env,
+			Image:      opts.image,
+			Privileged: opts.privileged,
+			PullPolicy: opts.pull,
+			Resources: api.ContainerResources{
+				CPU:    opts.cpu.Value(),
+				Memory: opts.memory.Value(),
+			},
+			User:         opts.user,
+			VolumeMounts: mounts,
+		},
+		Mode:      opts.mode,
+		Name:      opts.name,
+		Placement: placement,
+		Ports:     ports,
+		Replicas:  opts.replicas,
+		Volumes:   volumes,
+	}
+
+	if caddyfile != "" {
+		spec.Caddy = &api.CaddySpec{
+			Config: caddyfile,
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image or reset it if an empty string is passed.
+	if opts.entrypoint != "" {
+		spec.Container.Entrypoint = []string{opts.entrypoint}
+	} else if opts.entrypointChanged {
+		spec.Container.Entrypoint = []string{""}
+	}
+
+	if err = spec.Validate(); err != nil {
+		return spec, fmt.Errorf("invalid service configuration: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Generate a service name if not specified to be able to include it in the progress title.
+	if spec.Name == "" {
+		spec.Name, err = deploy.GenerateServiceName(spec.Container.Image)
+		if err != nil {
+			return spec, fmt.Errorf("generate service name: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return spec, err
+}
+
+// parseEnv parses the environment variables from the command line arguments.
+// It supports two formats: "VAR=value" or just "VAR" to use the value from the local environment.
+func parseEnv(env []string) (api.EnvVars, error) {
+	envVars := make(api.EnvVars)
+	for _, e := range env {
+		key, value, hasValue := strings.Cut(e, "=")
+		if key == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid environment variable: '%s'", e)
+		}
+
+		if hasValue {
+			envVars[key] = value
+		} else {
+			if localEnvValue, ok := os.LookupEnv(key); ok {
+				envVars[key] = localEnvValue
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return envVars, nil
+}
+
+// parseVolumeFlags parses volume flag values in Docker CLI format and returns VolumeSpecs and VolumeMounts.
+// It handles both named volumes (volume_name:/container/path[:ro|volume-nocopy])
+// and bind mounts (/host/path:/container/path[:ro]).
+func parseVolumeFlags(volumes []string) ([]api.VolumeSpec, []api.VolumeMount, error) {
+	specs := make([]api.VolumeSpec, 0, len(volumes))
+	mounts := make([]api.VolumeMount, 0, len(volumes))
+
+	// Track volume names to avoid duplicate specs.
+	seenVolumes := make(map[string]struct{})
+
+	for _, vol := range volumes {
+		spec, mount, err := parseVolumeFlagValue(vol)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid volume mount '%s': %w", vol, err)
+		}
+
+		if _, ok := seenVolumes[spec.Name]; !ok {
+			specs = append(specs, spec)
+			seenVolumes[spec.Name] = struct{}{}
+		}
+
+		mounts = append(mounts, mount)
+	}
+
+	return specs, mounts, nil
+}
+
+func parseVolumeFlagValue(volume string) (api.VolumeSpec, api.VolumeMount, error) {
+	var spec api.VolumeSpec
+	var mount api.VolumeMount
+
+	parts := strings.Split(volume, ":")
+	switch len(parts) {
+	case 1:
+		return spec, mount, fmt.Errorf("invalid format, must contain at least one separator ':'")
+	case 2, 3:
+		// Format: (volume_name|/host/path):/container/path[:opts]
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(parts[1], "/") {
+			return spec, mount, fmt.Errorf("invalid container mount path: '%s', must be absolute path", parts[1])
+		}
+
+		mount.ContainerPath = parts[1]
+		volumeNoCopy := false
+
+		if len(parts) == 3 {
+			opts := strings.Split(parts[2], ",")
+			for _, opt := range opts {
+				switch opt {
+				case "ro", "readonly":
+					mount.ReadOnly = true
+				case "volume-nocopy":
+					volumeNoCopy = true
+				default:
+					return spec, mount, fmt.Errorf("invalid option: '%s'", opt)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if strings.HasPrefix(parts[0], "/") {
+			// Host path bind mount: /host/path:/container/path
+			suffix, err := secret.RandomAlphaNumeric(4)
+			if err != nil {
+				return spec, mount, fmt.Errorf("generate random suffix: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			spec = api.VolumeSpec{
+				Name: "bind-" + suffix,
+				Type: api.VolumeTypeBind,
+				BindOptions: &api.BindOptions{
+					HostPath:       parts[0],
+					CreateHostPath: true,
+				},
+			}
+		} else {
+			// Named volume mount: volume_name:/container/path
+			volumeName := parts[0]
+			if !names.RestrictedNamePattern.MatchString(volumeName) {
+				return spec, mount, fmt.Errorf("volume name '%s' includes invalid characters, only '%s' are allowed. "+
+					"If you intended to pass a host directory or file, use absolute path",
+					volumeName, names.RestrictedNameChars)
+			}
+
+			spec = api.VolumeSpec{
+				Name: volumeName,
+				Type: api.VolumeTypeVolume,
+				VolumeOptions: &api.VolumeOptions{
+					Name:   volumeName,
+					NoCopy: volumeNoCopy,
+				},
+			}
+		}
+
+		mount.VolumeName = spec.Name
+	default:
+		return spec, mount, fmt.Errorf("invalid format, must container at most 2 separators ':'")
+	}
+
+	return spec, mount, nil
 }

cmd/uncloud/service/scale.go

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type scaleOptions struct {
+	service  string
+	replicas uint
+	context  string
+}
+
+func NewScaleCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := scaleOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "scale SERVICE REPLICAS",
+		Short: "Scale a replicated service by changing the number of replicas.",
+		Long:  "Scale a replicated service by changing the number of replicas. Scaling down requires confirmation.",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+
+			opts.service = args[0]
+			replicas, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[1], 10, 0)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid number of replicas: %w", err)
+			}
+			opts.replicas = uint(replicas)
+
+			return scale(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func scale(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts scaleOptions) error {
+	if opts.replicas == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf(
+			"scaling to zero replicas is not supported. This would effectively remove the service without preserving "+
+				"its configuration, making it impossible to scale back up. Uncloud derives the service configuration "+
+				"from existing containers. Use 'uc rm %s' instead if you want to remove the service",
+			opts.service,
+		)
+	}
+
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	svc, err := clusterClient.InspectService(ctx, opts.service)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("inspect service '%s': %w", opts.service, err)
+	}
+
+	if svc.Mode != api.ServiceModeReplicated {
+		return fmt.Errorf("scaling is only supported for services in %s mode, service '%s' is in %s mode",
+			api.ServiceModeReplicated, svc.Name, svc.Mode)
+	}
+
+	currentReplicas := uint(len(svc.Containers))
+
+	if currentReplicas == opts.replicas {
+		fmt.Printf("Service '%s' already has %d replicas. No changes required.\n", svc.Name, currentReplicas)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// TODO: Check if all containers have the same spec. If not, prompt user to choose which one to scale.
+	//  This can happen if a service deployment failed midway and some containers were not updated.
+	spec := svc.Containers[0].Container.ServiceSpec
+	spec.Replicas = opts.replicas
+	deployment := clusterClient.NewDeployment(spec, nil)
+	plan, err := deployment.Plan(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("plan deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(plan.Operations) == 0 {
+		fmt.Printf("Service '%s' is already scaled to %d replicas.\n", svc.Name, opts.replicas)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if opts.replicas < currentReplicas {
+		// Initialise a machine and container name resolver to properly format the plan output.
+		resolver, err := clusterClient.ServiceOperationNameResolver(ctx, svc)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create machine and container name resolver for service operations: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("Scaling plan for service %s (%d → %d replicas):\n", svc.Name, currentReplicas, opts.replicas)
+		fmt.Println(plan.Format(resolver))
+		fmt.Println()
+
+		// Ask for confirmation before scaling down as it may cause data loss.
+		confirmed, err := confirm()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("confirm scaling: %w", err)
+		}
+		if !confirmed {
+			fmt.Println("Cancelled. No changes were made.")
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	title := fmt.Sprintf("Scaling service %s (%d → %d replicas)", svc.Name, currentReplicas, opts.replicas)
+	err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		if _, err = deployment.Run(ctx); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("deploy service: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}, uncli.ProgressOut(), title)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func confirm() (bool, error) {
+	var confirmed bool
+	form := huh.NewForm(
+		huh.NewGroup(
+			huh.NewConfirm().
+				Title(
+					"Do you want to continue?",
+				).
+				Affirmative("Yes!").
+				Negative("No").
+				Value(&confirmed),
+		),
+	).WithAccessible(true)
+	if err := form.Run(); err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	return confirmed, nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/volume/create.go

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+package volume
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/volume"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type createOptions struct {
+	driver     string
+	driverOpts []string
+	labels     []string
+	machine    string
+	context    string
+}
+
+func NewCreateCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := createOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "create VOLUME_NAME",
+		Short: "Create a volume on a specific machine.",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			opts.driver = strings.TrimSpace(opts.driver)
+
+			volumeName := args[0]
+			if volumeName == "" {
+				return fmt.Errorf("volume name is required")
+			}
+
+			return create(cmd.Context(), uncli, volumeName, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.driver, "driver", "d", "local",
+		"Volume driver to use.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.driverOpts, "opt", "o", nil,
+		"Driver specific options in the form of 'key=value' pairs. Can be specified multiple times.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.labels, "label", "l", nil,
+		"Labels to assign to the volume in the form of 'key=value' pairs. Can be specified multiple times.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.machine, "machine", "m", "",
+		"Name or ID of the machine to create the volume on.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func create(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, name string, opts createOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Parse driver options.
+	driverOpts := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, opt := range opts.driverOpts {
+		k, v, ok := strings.Cut(opt, "=")
+		if !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid driver option format: '%s' (expected key=value)", opt)
+		}
+		driverOpts[k] = v
+	}
+
+	// Parse labels.
+	labels := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, label := range opts.labels {
+		k, v, ok := strings.Cut(label, "=")
+		if !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid label format: '%s' (expected key=value)", label)
+		}
+		labels[k] = v
+	}
+
+	// List machines and filter by the specified machine name or ID.
+	// If no machine is specified, prompt the user to select one.
+	machines, err := client.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
+	}
+	var selectedMachine *pb.MachineInfo
+
+	if opts.machine == "" {
+		if len(machines) == 1 {
+			selectedMachine = machines[0].Machine
+		} else {
+			if selectedMachine, err = promptSelectMachine(ctx, machines); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("select machine: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		m := machines.FindByNameOrID(opts.machine)
+		if m == nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("machine '%s' not found", opts.machine)
+		}
+		selectedMachine = m.Machine
+	}
+
+	createOpts := volume.CreateOptions{
+		Name:       name,
+		Driver:     opts.driver,
+		DriverOpts: driverOpts,
+		Labels:     labels,
+	}
+	vol, err := client.CreateVolume(ctx, selectedMachine.Id, createOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create volume '%s' on machine '%s': %w", name, selectedMachine.Name, err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Volume '%s' created on machine '%s'.\n", vol.Volume.Name, vol.MachineName)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func promptSelectMachine(ctx context.Context, machines api.MachineMembersList) (*pb.MachineInfo, error) {
+	options := make([]huh.Option[*pb.MachineInfo], len(machines))
+	for i, m := range machines {
+		options[i] = huh.NewOption(m.Machine.Name, m.Machine)
+	}
+	slices.SortFunc(options, func(a, b huh.Option[*pb.MachineInfo]) int {
+		return strings.Compare(a.Key, b.Key)
+	})
+
+	var selected *pb.MachineInfo
+	form := huh.NewForm(
+		huh.NewGroup(
+			huh.NewSelect[*pb.MachineInfo]().
+				Title("Select a machine to create the volume on (or specify with --machine flag)").
+				Options(options...).
+				Value(&selected),
+		),
+	)
+	if err := form.RunWithContext(ctx); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return selected, nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/volume/inspect.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package volume
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type inspectOptions struct {
+	machine string
+	context string
+}
+
+func NewInspectCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := inspectOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "inspect VOLUME_NAME",
+		Short: "Display detailed information on a volume.",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return inspect(cmd.Context(), uncli, args[0], opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.machine, "machine", "m", "",
+		"Name or ID of the machine where the volume is located. "+
+			"If not specified, the volume will be searched across all machines.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func inspect(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, name string, opts inspectOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	filter := &api.VolumeFilter{
+		Names: []string{name},
+	}
+	if opts.machine != "" {
+		filter.Machines = []string{opts.machine}
+	}
+
+	volumes, err := client.ListVolumes(ctx, filter)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list volumes: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(volumes) == 0 {
+		if opts.machine != "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("volume '%s' not found on machine '%s'", name, opts.machine)
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("volume '%s' not found on any machine", name)
+	}
+	if len(volumes) > 1 {
+		fmt.Printf("Volume '%s' found on multiple machines:\n", name)
+		for _, v := range volumes {
+			fmt.Printf(" • %s\n", v.MachineName)
+		}
+		return errors.New("specify --machine flag to choose which machine to use")
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.MarshalIndent(volumes[0], "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("marshal volume: %w", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println(string(data))
+
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/volume/ls.go

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+package volume
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+	"text/tabwriter"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type listOptions struct {
+	machines []string
+	quiet    bool
+	context  string
+}
+
+func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := listOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "ls",
+		Aliases: []string{"list"},
+		Short:   "List volumes across all machines in the cluster.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
+		"Filter volumes by machine name or ID. Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated list. "+
+			"(default is include all machines)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.quiet, "quiet", "q", false,
+		"Only display volume names.")
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts listOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Apply machine filter if specified.
+	var filter *api.VolumeFilter
+	if len(opts.machines) > 0 {
+		machines := cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.machines)
+		filter = &api.VolumeFilter{
+			Machines: machines,
+		}
+	}
+
+	volumes, err := client.ListVolumes(ctx, filter)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list volumes: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(volumes) == 0 {
+		if !opts.quiet {
+			fmt.Println("No volumes found.")
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Sort the volumes by name first, then by machine name.
+	slices.SortFunc(volumes, func(a, b api.MachineVolume) int {
+		cmp := strings.Compare(a.Volume.Name, b.Volume.Name)
+		if cmp != 0 {
+			return cmp
+		}
+		return strings.Compare(a.MachineName, b.MachineName)
+	})
+
+	// If quiet mode, just print volume names.
+	if opts.quiet {
+		for _, v := range volumes {
+			fmt.Println(v.Volume.Name)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Print the volumes in a table format.
+	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
+	fmt.Fprintln(tw, "NAME\tDRIVER\tMACHINE")
+
+	for _, v := range volumes {
+		fmt.Fprintf(tw, "%s\t%s\t%s\n",
+			v.Volume.Name,
+			v.Volume.Driver,
+			v.MachineName,
+		)
+	}
+
+	return tw.Flush()
+}

cmd/uncloud/volume/rm.go

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+package volume
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type removeOptions struct {
+	force    bool
+	machines []string
+	yes      bool
+	context  string
+}
+
+func NewRemoveCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := removeOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "rm VOLUME_NAME [VOLUME_NAME...]",
+		Aliases: []string{"remove", "delete"},
+		Short:   "Remove one or more volumes.",
+		Long:    "Remove one or more volumes. You cannot remove a volume that is in use by a container.",
+		Args:    cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return remove(cmd.Context(), uncli, args, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.force, "force", "f", false,
+		"Force the removal of one or more volumes.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
+		"Name or ID of the machine to remove one or more volumes from. "+
+			"Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated list.\n"+
+			"If not specified, the found volume(s) will be removed from all machines.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.yes, "yes", "y", false,
+		"Do not prompt for confirmation before removing the volume(s).")
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func remove(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, names []string, opts removeOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	filter := &api.VolumeFilter{
+		Names: names,
+	}
+
+	if len(opts.machines) > 0 {
+		machines := cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.machines)
+		filter.Machines = machines
+	}
+
+	volumes, err := client.ListVolumes(ctx, filter)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list volumes: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(volumes) == 0 {
+		if len(names) == 1 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("volume '%s' not found", names[0])
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("no volumes found matching the specified names")
+	}
+
+	// Confirm removal if not using --yes flag.
+	if !opts.yes {
+		fmt.Println("The following volumes will be removed:")
+		for _, v := range volumes {
+			fmt.Printf(" • '%s' on machine '%s'\n", v.Volume.Name, v.MachineName)
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println()
+		confirmed, err := cli.Confirm()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("confirm removal: %w", err)
+		}
+		if !confirmed {
+			fmt.Println("Cancelled. No volumes were removed.")
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Remove the volumes one by one collecting errors.
+	var removeErr error
+	for _, v := range volumes {
+		if err = client.RemoveVolume(ctx, v.MachineID, v.Volume.Name, opts.force); err != nil {
+			if !errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+				removeErr = errors.Join(removeErr, fmt.Errorf("failed to remove volume '%s' on machine '%s': %w",
+					v.Volume.Name, v.MachineName, err))
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("Volume '%s' removed from machine '%s'.\n", v.Volume.Name, v.MachineName)
+	}
+
+	return removeErr
+}

cmd/uncloud/volume/root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package volume
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "volume",
+		Short: "Manage volumes in an Uncloud cluster.",
+	}
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewCreateCommand(),
+		NewInspectCommand(),
+		NewListCommand(),
+		NewRemoveCommand(),
+	)
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/uncloudd/main.go

@@ -2,14 +2,16 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
 	"syscall"
-	"uncloud/internal/daemon"
-	"uncloud/internal/log"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/daemon"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/log"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/version"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 func main() {
@@ -22,6 +24,7 @@ func main() {
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:           "uncloudd",
 		Short:         "Uncloud machine daemon.",
+		Version:       version.String(),
 		SilenceUsage:  true,
 		SilenceErrors: true,
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
@@ -52,5 +55,4 @@ func main() {
 	}()
 
 	cobra.CheckErr(cmd.ExecuteContext(ctx))
-
 }

experiment/broadcaster.go

@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@ package main
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/hashicorp/serf/serf"
-	crdt "github.com/ipfs/go-ds-crdt"
 	"log/slog"
 	"time"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/serf/serf"
+	crdt "github.com/ipfs/go-ds-crdt"
 )
 
 // Implements the Broadcaster interface.

experiment/explorer/explorer.go

@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/dgraph-io/badger/v3"
 	"log"
 	"time"
+
+	"github.com/dgraph-io/badger/v3"
 )
 
 func customTimeEncoder(t time.Time) string {

experiment/logger.go

@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/ipfs/go-log/v2"
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
+
+	"github.com/ipfs/go-log/v2"
 )
 
 // ipfsLogger is an slog logger that implements the IPFS go-log StandardLogger interface.

experiment/networkdb/main.go

@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/libnetwork/networkdb"
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
 	"syscall"
 	"time"
+
+	"github.com/docker/docker/libnetwork/networkdb"
 )
 
 func main() {

experiment/serf_crdt.go

@@ -4,6 +4,13 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+
 	"github.com/hashicorp/memberlist"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/serf/cmd/serf/command/agent"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/serf/serf"
@@ -11,12 +18,6 @@ import (
 	badger "github.com/ipfs/go-ds-badger3"
 	crdt "github.com/ipfs/go-ds-crdt"
 	"github.com/lmittmann/tint"
-	"log/slog"
-	"net"
-	"os"
-	"os/signal"
-	"syscall"
-	"time"
 )
 
 func createSerfAgentConfig(name, bindAddr, rpcAddr, profile string) *agent.Config {
@@ -49,9 +50,9 @@ func createSerfAgent(config *agent.Config) (*agent.Agent, error) {
 
 	serfConfig.MemberlistConfig.BindAddr = bindIP
 	serfConfig.MemberlistConfig.BindPort = bindPort
-	//serfConfig.MemberlistConfig.AdvertiseAddr = advertiseIP
-	//serfConfig.MemberlistConfig.AdvertisePort = advertisePort
-	//serfConfig.MemberlistConfig.SecretKey = encryptKey
+	// serfConfig.MemberlistConfig.AdvertiseAddr = advertiseIP
+	// serfConfig.MemberlistConfig.AdvertisePort = advertisePort
+	// serfConfig.MemberlistConfig.SecretKey = encryptKey
 	serfConfig.NodeName = config.NodeName
 	serfConfig.Tags = config.Tags
 	serfConfig.SnapshotPath = config.SnapshotPath
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ func main() {
 	logger := slog.New(tint.NewHandler(os.Stdout, &tint.Options{
 		AddSource: true,
 		Level:     slog.LevelDebug,
-		//Level:      slog.LevelInfo,
+		// Level:      slog.LevelInfo,
 		TimeFormat: time.RFC3339Nano,
 	}))
 	slog.SetDefault(logger)
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ func main() {
 
 	opts := crdt.DefaultOptions()
 	opts.Logger = newIPFSLogger(logger)
-	//opts.MultiHeadProcessing = true
+	// opts.MultiHeadProcessing = true
 	// TODO: debug why the heads count may grow on the receiving side if the event backlog is huge and the processing
 	//  is slow.
 	store, err := crdt.New(localStore, ds.NewKey("/"), syncer, broadcaster, opts)
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ func main() {
 		panic(err)
 	}
 
-	//ticker := time.NewTicker(10 * time.Millisecond)
+	// ticker := time.NewTicker(10 * time.Millisecond)
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(3 * time.Second)
 	go func() {
 		for {

experiment/syncer.go

@@ -4,18 +4,19 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+
 	"github.com/hashicorp/serf/serf"
 	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/datastore/dshelp"
 	dag "github.com/ipfs/boxo/ipld/merkledag"
 	"github.com/ipfs/go-cid"
 	ds "github.com/ipfs/go-datastore"
 	ipld "github.com/ipfs/go-ipld-format"
-	"log/slog"
 )
 
 // Implements the DAGService interface.
 // TODO: implement SessionDAGService to optimize node fetching.
-// TOOD: persistentSerfDAG?
+// TODO: persistentSerfDAG?
 type dagSyncer struct {
 	// Persistent storage for the nodes.
 	store     ds.Datastore
@@ -50,8 +51,7 @@ func (d *dagSyncer) Get(ctx context.Context, cid cid.Cid) (ipld.Node, error) {
 	}
 	slog.Debug("Queried node from peers", "cid", cid, "deadline", query.Deadline())
 
-	responded := false
-	for !responded {
+	for {
 		select {
 		case resp, ok := <-query.ResponseCh():
 			if !ok {
@@ -63,7 +63,6 @@ func (d *dagSyncer) Get(ctx context.Context, cid cid.Cid) (ipld.Node, error) {
 				continue
 			}
 			slog.Debug("Received node from peer", "cid", cid, "peer", resp.From)
-			responded = true
 			query.Close()
 
 			node, err = nodeFromBytes(resp.Payload)

experiment/talos_discovery.go

@@ -6,12 +6,13 @@ import (
 	"crypto/cipher"
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/network"
 	"github.com/siderolabs/discovery-api/api/v1alpha1/client/pb"
 	discovery "github.com/siderolabs/discovery-client/pkg/client"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
-	"net/netip"
-	"time"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/network"
 )
 
 const (

go.mod

@@ -1,23 +1,33 @@
-module uncloud
+module github.com/psviderski/uncloud
 
-go 1.23
-
-toolchain go1.23.2
+go 1.25
 
 require (
-	github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.4.0
+	github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.5.0
+	github.com/Masterminds/semver v1.5.0
 	github.com/Masterminds/squirrel v1.5.4
+	github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.20.0
 	github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2 v2.8.4
 	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0
+	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v0.20.0
+	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.9
 	github.com/charmbracelet/huh v0.6.0
+	github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v1.1.0
+	github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2 v2.9.0
+	github.com/containerd/errdefs v1.0.0
+	github.com/containerd/platforms v1.0.0-rc.1
 	github.com/coreos/go-systemd v0.0.0-20191104093116-d3cd4ed1dbcf
+	github.com/deckarep/golang-set/v2 v2.8.0
 	github.com/dgraph-io/badger/v3 v3.2103.5
 	github.com/distribution/reference v0.6.0
-	github.com/docker/cli v27.4.0-rc.4+incompatible
-	github.com/docker/compose/v2 v2.31.0
-	github.com/docker/docker v27.4.0-rc.2+incompatible
-	github.com/docker/go-connections v0.5.0
+	github.com/docker/cli v28.5.0+incompatible
+	github.com/docker/compose/v2 v2.40.0
+	github.com/docker/docker v28.5.0+incompatible
+	github.com/docker/go-connections v0.6.0
 	github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0
+	github.com/goccy/go-yaml v1.17.1
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0
+	github.com/google/go-containerregistry v0.20.2
 	github.com/hashicorp/memberlist v0.5.1
 	github.com/hashicorp/serf v0.10.1
 	github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.21.0
@@ -27,36 +37,47 @@ require (
 	github.com/ipfs/go-ds-crdt v0.5.2
 	github.com/ipfs/go-ipld-format v0.6.0
 	github.com/ipfs/go-log/v2 v2.5.1
+	github.com/jmoiron/sqlx v1.4.0
 	github.com/lmittmann/tint v1.0.5
-	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.0
+	github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.65
+	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0
+	github.com/moby/term v0.5.2
+	github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0
+	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0
+	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.1
+	github.com/psviderski/unregistry v0.3.1
 	github.com/siderolabs/discovery-api v0.1.4
 	github.com/siderolabs/discovery-client v0.1.9
 	github.com/siderolabs/grpc-proxy v0.5.1
-	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.8.1
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0
-	github.com/vishvananda/netlink v1.3.0
+	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.10.1
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
+	github.com/vishvananda/netlink v1.3.1
 	go.uber.org/zap v1.27.0
 	go4.org/netipx v0.0.0-20231129151722-fdeea329fbba
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0
-	golang.org/x/net v0.32.0
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.10.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.41.0
+	golang.org/x/net v0.43.0
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.17.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.36.0
+	golang.org/x/term v0.34.0
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20231211153847-12269c276173
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20230429144221-925a1e7659e6
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20241007155032-5fefd90f89a9
-	google.golang.org/grpc v1.68.0
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.0
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250528174236-200df99c418a
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.74.2
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.9
+	modernc.org/sqlite v1.36.3
 )
 
 require (
+	cloud.google.com/go/kms v1.19.0 // indirect
+	cloud.google.com/go/longrunning v0.6.0 // indirect
 	filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/AdaLogics/go-fuzz-headers v0.0.0-20230811130428-ced1acdcaa24 // indirect
 	github.com/AndreasBriese/bbloom v0.0.0-20190825152654-46b345b51c96 // indirect
-	github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20210617225240-d185dfc1b5a1 // indirect
+	github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20250102033503-faa5f7b0171c // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/goutils v1.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/sprig/v3 v3.2.3 // indirect
 	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2 // indirect
+	github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.13.0 // indirect
 	github.com/antlr4-go/antlr/v4 v4.13.0 // indirect
 	github.com/armon/circbuf v0.0.0-20190214190532-5111143e8da2 // indirect
 	github.com/armon/go-metrics v0.4.1 // indirect
@@ -72,36 +93,40 @@ require (
 	github.com/catppuccin/go v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v0.20.0 // indirect
-	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v0.13.0 // indirect
-	github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.3.2 // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/colorprofile v0.2.3-0.20250311203215-f60798e515dc // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.10.1 // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/x/cellbuf v0.0.13-0.20250311204145-2c3ea96c31dd // indirect
 	github.com/charmbracelet/x/exp/strings v0.0.0-20240919170804-a4978c8e603a // indirect
-	github.com/charmbracelet/x/term v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/x/term v0.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/chzyer/readline v1.5.1 // indirect
-	github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2 v2.4.5 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/console v1.0.4 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/containerd v1.7.24 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/containerd/api v1.7.19 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/continuity v0.4.4 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/errdefs v0.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/cgroups/v3 v3.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/console v1.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/containerd/api v1.9.0 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/containerd/v2 v2.1.4 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/continuity v0.4.5 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/errdefs/pkg v0.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/fifo v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/containerd/log v0.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/platforms v0.2.1 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/ttrpc v1.2.5 // indirect
-	github.com/containerd/typeurl/v2 v2.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/plugin v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/stargz-snapshotter/estargz v0.16.3 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/ttrpc v1.2.7 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/typeurl/v2 v2.2.3 // indirect
+	github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.7 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/decred/dcrd/dcrec/secp256k1/v4 v4.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/dgraph-io/badger v1.6.2 // indirect
 	github.com/dgraph-io/badger/v2 v2.2007.4 // indirect
 	github.com/dgraph-io/ristretto v0.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/dgryski/go-farm v0.0.0-20200201041132-a6ae2369ad13 // indirect
-	github.com/docker/buildx v0.18.0 // indirect
+	github.com/dgryski/go-rendezvous v0.0.0-20200823014737-9f7001d12a5f // indirect
+	github.com/distribution/distribution/v3 v3.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.11.5 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/buildx v0.29.1 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.3+incompatible // indirect
-	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.8.2 // indirect
-	github.com/docker/go v1.5.1-1.0.20160303222718-d30aec9fd63c // indirect
+	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.9.3 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-events v0.0.0-20190806004212-e31b211e4f1c // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-metrics v0.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/libtrust v0.0.0-20160708172513-aabc10ec26b7 // indirect
 	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f // indirect
 	github.com/fatih/color v1.17.0 // indirect
@@ -111,29 +136,30 @@ require (
 	github.com/go-kit/kit v0.13.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-kit/log v0.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logfmt/logfmt v0.6.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.2 // indirect
+	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
-	github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.7.1 // indirect
+	github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.8.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-task/slim-sprig/v3 v3.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/godbus/dbus/v5 v5.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gofrs/flock v0.12.1 // indirect
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
-	github.com/golang/glog v1.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/golang/glog v1.2.5 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20210331224755-41bb18bfe9da // indirect
 	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/google/btree v1.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/google/cel-go v0.20.1 // indirect
 	github.com/google/flatbuffers v24.3.25+incompatible // indirect
-	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0 // indirect
-	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20241210010833-40e02aabc2ad // indirect
+	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20250403155104-27863c87afa6 // indirect
 	github.com/google/shlex v0.0.0-20191202100458-e7afc7fbc510 // indirect
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/gorilla/handlers v1.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.1 // indirect
-	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.20.0 // indirect
+	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.26.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-immutable-radix v1.3.1 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-immutable-radix/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-msgpack v0.5.5 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-msgpack/v2 v2.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1 // indirect
@@ -141,12 +167,13 @@ require (
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-syslog v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-version v1.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/arc/v2 v2.0.7 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2 v2.0.7 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/logutils v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/mdns v1.0.5 // indirect
 	github.com/huandu/xstrings v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/imdario/mergo v0.3.16 // indirect
-	github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang v0.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang v0.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/ipfs/go-block-format v0.2.0 // indirect
@@ -166,7 +193,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/jackc/pgx/v4 v4.18.3 // indirect
 	github.com/jbenet/goprocess v0.1.4 // indirect
 	github.com/josharian/native v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.11 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.0 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.9 // indirect
 	github.com/lann/builder v0.0.0-20180802200727-47ae307949d0 // indirect
 	github.com/lann/ps v0.0.0-20150810152359-62de8c46ede0 // indirect
@@ -187,27 +214,28 @@ require (
 	github.com/mdlayher/socket v0.5.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mgutz/ansi v0.0.0-20200706080929-d51e80ef957d // indirect
 	github.com/mholt/acmez/v2 v2.0.3 // indirect
-	github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.62 // indirect
-	github.com/miekg/pkcs11 v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/minio/sha256-simd v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/cli v1.1.5 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/copystructure v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/go-ps v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/hashstructure/v2 v2.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/reflectwalk v1.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/moby/buildkit v0.17.2 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/buildkit v0.25.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/docker-image-spec v1.3.1 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/go-archive v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/locker v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/patternmatcher v0.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/atomicwriter v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/mountinfo v0.7.2 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/sys/sequential v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/sys/signal v0.7.1 // indirect
-	github.com/moby/term v0.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/user v0.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/userns v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/morikuni/aec v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6 // indirect
 	github.com/muesli/cancelreader v0.2.2 // indirect
-	github.com/muesli/termenv v0.15.3-0.20240618155329-98d742f6907a // indirect
 	github.com/multiformats/go-base32 v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/multiformats/go-base36 v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/multiformats/go-multiaddr v0.13.0 // indirect
@@ -218,26 +246,33 @@ require (
 	github.com/multiformats/go-multistream v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/multiformats/go-varint v0.0.7 // indirect
 	github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 // indirect
+	github.com/ncruces/go-strftime v0.1.9 // indirect
 	github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2 v2.22.0 // indirect
-	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/selinux v1.12.0 // indirect
 	github.com/pelletier/go-toml v1.9.5 // indirect
 	github.com/pires/go-proxyproto v0.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/planetscale/vtprotobuf v0.6.1-0.20240319094008-0393e58bdf10 // indirect
-	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.1-0.20181226105442-5d4384ee4fb2 // indirect
 	github.com/polydawn/refmt v0.89.0 // indirect
 	github.com/posener/complete v1.2.3 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.20.5 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.22.0 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.6.1 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/common v0.61.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.62.0 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.15.1 // indirect
 	github.com/quic-go/qpack v0.5.1 // indirect
 	github.com/quic-go/quic-go v0.48.2 // indirect
+	github.com/redis/go-redis/extra/rediscmd/v9 v9.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/redis/go-redis/extra/redisotel/v9 v9.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/redis/go-redis/v9 v9.7.3 // indirect
+	github.com/remyoudompheng/bigfft v0.0.0-20230129092748-24d4a6f8daec // indirect
 	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 // indirect
 	github.com/rs/xid v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/santhosh-tekuri/jsonschema/v6 v6.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/sean-/seed v0.0.0-20170313163322-e2103e2c3529 // indirect
-	github.com/secure-systems-lab/go-securesystemslib v0.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/secure-systems-lab/go-securesystemslib v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/shibumi/go-pathspec v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/shopspring/decimal v1.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/shurcooL/sanitized_anchor_name v1.0.0 // indirect
@@ -246,56 +281,75 @@ require (
 	github.com/slackhq/nebula v1.6.1 // indirect
 	github.com/smallstep/certificates v0.26.1 // indirect
 	github.com/smallstep/nosql v0.6.1 // indirect
-	github.com/smallstep/pkcs7 v0.0.0-20231024181729-3b98ecc1ca81 // indirect
+	github.com/smallstep/pkcs7 v0.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/smallstep/scep v0.0.0-20231024192529-aee96d7ad34d // indirect
 	github.com/smallstep/truststore v0.13.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spaolacci/murmur3 v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/cast v1.7.0 // indirect
-	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.10 // indirect
 	github.com/stoewer/go-strcase v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/tailscale/tscert v0.0.0-20240517230440-bbccfbf48933 // indirect
-	github.com/theupdateframework/notary v0.7.0 // indirect
-	github.com/tonistiigi/dchapes-mode v0.0.0-20241001053921-ca0759fec205 // indirect
-	github.com/tonistiigi/fsutil v0.0.0-20241028165955-397af5306b5c // indirect
-	github.com/tonistiigi/go-csvvalue v0.0.0-20240710180619-ddb21b71c0b4 // indirect
+	github.com/tonistiigi/dchapes-mode v0.0.0-20250318174251-73d941a28323 // indirect
+	github.com/tonistiigi/fsutil v0.0.0-20250605211040-586307ad452f // indirect
+	github.com/tonistiigi/go-csvvalue v0.0.0-20240814133006-030d3b2625d0 // indirect
 	github.com/tonistiigi/units v0.0.0-20180711220420-6950e57a87ea // indirect
 	github.com/tonistiigi/vt100 v0.0.0-20240514184818-90bafcd6abab // indirect
-	github.com/urfave/cli v1.22.16 // indirect
-	github.com/vishvananda/netns v0.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/urfave/cli v1.22.17 // indirect
+	github.com/vbatts/tar-split v0.12.1 // indirect
+	github.com/vishvananda/netns v0.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/xhit/go-str2duration/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/xo/terminfo v0.0.0-20220910002029-abceb7e1c41e // indirect
 	github.com/zeebo/blake3 v0.2.4 // indirect
-	go.etcd.io/bbolt v1.3.11 // indirect
+	go.etcd.io/bbolt v1.4.3 // indirect
 	go.opencensus.io v0.24.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/google.golang.org/grpc/otelgrpc v0.49.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/httptrace/otelhttptrace v0.46.1 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.52.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.32.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetricgrpc v0.44.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.27.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.27.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.32.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.32.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric v1.32.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.32.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.3.1 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.1.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/bridges/prometheus v0.57.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/exporters/autoexport v0.57.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/google.golang.org/grpc/otelgrpc v0.60.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/httptrace/otelhttptrace v0.60.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.60.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.36.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlplog/otlploggrpc v0.8.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlplog/otlploghttp v0.8.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetricgrpc v1.35.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetrichttp v1.35.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.35.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.35.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.35.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/prometheus v0.54.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/stdout/stdoutlog v0.8.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/stdout/stdoutmetric v1.32.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/stdout/stdouttrace v1.32.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/log v0.8.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.36.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.36.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/log v0.8.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric v1.36.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.36.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.5.0 // indirect
 	go.step.sm/cli-utils v0.9.0 // indirect
 	go.step.sm/crypto v0.45.0 // indirect
 	go.step.sm/linkedca v0.20.1 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.5.3 // indirect
-	go.uber.org/mock v0.5.0 // indirect
+	go.uber.org/mock v0.6.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/zap/exp v0.2.0 // indirect
+	go.yaml.in/yaml/v3 v3.0.4 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/crypto/x509roots/fallback v0.0.0-20240507223354-67b13616a595 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20241215155358-4a5509556b9e // indirect
-	golang.org/x/mod v0.22.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/term v0.27.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.21.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/time v0.8.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/tools v0.28.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250408133849-7e4ce0ab07d0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/mod v0.27.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.28.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/time v0.11.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/tools v0.36.0 // indirect
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wintun v0.0.0-20230126152724-0fa3db229ce2 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20240401170217-c3f982113cda // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240903143218-8af14fe29dc1 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250528174236-200df99c418a // indirect
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 	gvisor.dev/gvisor v0.0.0-20230927004350-cbd86285d259 // indirect
 	howett.net/plist v1.0.0 // indirect
 	lukechampine.com/blake3 v1.3.0 // indirect
+	modernc.org/libc v1.61.13 // indirect
+	modernc.org/mathutil v1.7.1 // indirect
+	modernc.org/memory v1.8.2 // indirect
 )

internal/api/container.go

@@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
-package api
-
-import (
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
-	"regexp"
-	"strings"
-)
-
-const (
-	LabelManaged      = "uncloud.managed"
-	LabelServiceID    = "uncloud.service.id"
-	LabelServiceName  = "uncloud.service.name"
-	LabelServiceMode  = "uncloud.service.mode"
-	LabelServicePorts = "uncloud.service.ports"
-)
-
-type Container struct {
-	types.Container
-}
-
-// ServiceID returns the ID of the service this container belongs to.
-func (c *Container) ServiceID() string {
-	return c.Labels[LabelServiceID]
-}
-
-// ServiceName returns the name of the service this container belongs to.
-func (c *Container) ServiceName() string {
-	return c.Labels[LabelServiceName]
-}
-
-// ServiceMode returns the replication mode of the service this container belongs to.
-func (c *Container) ServiceMode() string {
-	return c.Labels[LabelServiceMode]
-}
-
-// ServicePorts returns the ports this container publishes as part of its service.
-func (c *Container) ServicePorts() ([]PortSpec, error) {
-	encoded, ok := c.Labels[LabelServicePorts]
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-
-	publishPorts := strings.Split(encoded, ",")
-	ports := make([]PortSpec, len(publishPorts))
-	for i, p := range publishPorts {
-		port, err := ParsePortSpec(strings.TrimSpace(p))
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		ports[i] = port
-	}
-
-	return ports, nil
-}
-
-// runningStatusRegex matches the status string of a running container.
-// - "Up 3 minutes (healthy)" -> groups: ["Up 3 minutes (healthy)", "healthy"]
-// - "Up 5 seconds" -> groups: ["Up 5 seconds", ""]
-// - "Up 2 hours (unhealthy)" -> groups: ["Up 2 hours (unhealthy)", "unhealthy"]
-// - "Up 1 minute (health: starting)" -> groups: ["Up 1 minute (health: starting)", "health: starting"]
-// - "Restarting (0) 5 seconds ago" -> no match
-// See https://github.com/moby/moby/blob/c130ce1f5d1e38b98a97044a39557de43bc0d58f/container/state.go#L77-L90
-// for more details on how the status string for a running container is formatted.
-var runningStatusRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^Up [^(]+(?:\(([^)]+)\))?$`)
-
-// Healthy determines if the container is running and healthy based on its status string.
-// A running container with no health check configured is considered healthy.
-func (c *Container) Healthy() bool {
-	if c.State != "running" {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	matches := runningStatusRegex.FindStringSubmatch(c.Status)
-	// Not "Up" or invalid format.
-	if matches == nil {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	// If there's no health status (no health check configured so no parentheses), container is considered healthy.
-	if matches[1] == "" {
-		return true
-	}
-
-	// If the health status in parentheses is "healthy", the container is considered healthy.
-	return matches[1] == types.Healthy
-}

internal/api/container_test.go

@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-package api
-
-import (
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestContainer_Healthy(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	t.Run("exited", func(t *testing.T) {
-		t.Parallel()
-		c := &Container{Container: types.Container{
-			State:  "exited",
-			Status: "Exited (0) 2 minutes ago",
-		}}
-		assert.False(t, c.Healthy())
-	})
-
-	t.Run("running with no health check", func(t *testing.T) {
-		t.Parallel()
-		c := &Container{Container: types.Container{
-			State:  "running",
-			Status: "Up 5 minutes",
-		}}
-		assert.True(t, c.Healthy())
-	})
-
-	t.Run("running and healthy", func(t *testing.T) {
-		t.Parallel()
-		c := &Container{Container: types.Container{
-			State:  "running",
-			Status: "Up 3 minutes (healthy)",
-		}}
-		assert.True(t, c.Healthy())
-	})
-
-	t.Run("running but unhealthy", func(t *testing.T) {
-		t.Parallel()
-		c := &Container{Container: types.Container{
-			State:  "running",
-			Status: "Up 2 hours (unhealthy)",
-		}}
-		assert.False(t, c.Healthy())
-	})
-
-	t.Run("running with health starting", func(t *testing.T) {
-		t.Parallel()
-		c := &Container{Container: types.Container{
-			State:  "running",
-			Status: "Up 1 minute (health: starting)",
-		}}
-		assert.False(t, c.Healthy())
-	})
-
-	t.Run("invalid up format no time", func(t *testing.T) {
-		t.Parallel()
-		c := &Container{Container: types.Container{
-			State:  "running",
-			Status: "Up",
-		}}
-		assert.False(t, c.Healthy())
-	})
-
-	t.Run("invalid up format empty parentheses", func(t *testing.T) {
-		t.Parallel()
-		c := &Container{Container: types.Container{
-			State:  "running",
-			Status: "Up 5 minutes ()",
-		}}
-		assert.False(t, c.Healthy())
-	})
-
-	t.Run("malformed status", func(t *testing.T) {
-		t.Parallel()
-		c := &Container{Container: types.Container{
-			State:  "running",
-			Status: "Invalid status",
-		}}
-		assert.False(t, c.Healthy())
-	})
-
-	t.Run("restarting", func(t *testing.T) {
-		t.Parallel()
-		c := &Container{Container: types.Container{
-			State:  "running",
-			Status: "Restarting (0) 5 seconds ago",
-		}}
-		assert.False(t, c.Healthy())
-	})
-}

internal/api/service.go

@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-package api
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"github.com/distribution/reference"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
-)
-
-const (
-	ServiceModeReplicated = "replicated"
-	ServiceModeGlobal     = "global"
-)
-
-type ServiceSpec struct {
-	Container ContainerSpec
-	// Mode is the replication mode of the service. Default is ServiceModeReplicated if empty.
-	Mode string
-	Name string
-	// Ports defines what service ports to publish to make the service accessible outside the cluster.
-	Ports []PortSpec
-}
-
-func (s *ServiceSpec) Validate() error {
-	if err := s.Container.Validate(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	switch s.Mode {
-	case "", ServiceModeGlobal, ServiceModeReplicated:
-	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("invalid mode: %q", s.Mode)
-	}
-
-	// TODO: validate there is no conflict between ports.
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-type ContainerSpec struct {
-	Command []string
-	Image   string
-	// Run a custom init inside the container. If nil, use the daemon's configured settings.
-	Init *bool
-	// List of volumes to bind mount into the container.
-	Volumes []string
-}
-
-func (s *ContainerSpec) Validate() error {
-	_, err := reference.ParseDockerRef(s.Image)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("invalid image: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-type Service struct {
-	ID         string
-	Name       string
-	Mode       string
-	Containers []MachineContainer
-}
-
-type MachineContainer struct {
-	MachineID string
-	Container Container
-}
-
-func ServiceFromProto(s *pb.Service) (Service, error) {
-	var err error
-	containers := make([]MachineContainer, len(s.Containers))
-	for i, sc := range s.Containers {
-		containers[i], err = machineContainerFromProto(sc)
-		if err != nil {
-			return Service{}, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	return Service{
-		ID:         s.Id,
-		Name:       s.Name,
-		Mode:       s.Mode,
-		Containers: containers,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-func machineContainerFromProto(sc *pb.Service_Container) (MachineContainer, error) {
-	var c Container
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(sc.Container, &c); err != nil {
-		return MachineContainer{}, fmt.Errorf("unmarshal container: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return MachineContainer{
-		MachineID: sc.MachineId,
-		Container: c,
-	}, nil
-}

internal/cli/build.go

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+package cli
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	composetypes "github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/types"
+	"github.com/distribution/reference"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/config"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/build"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
+	dockerclient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/archive"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/jsonmessage"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/registry"
+	"github.com/moby/term"
+)
+
+type BuildOptions struct {
+	Files    []string
+	Profiles []string
+	Services []string
+	Push     bool
+	NoCache  bool
+}
+
+// GetServicesThatNeedBuild returns a map of services that require building
+func GetServicesThatNeedBuild(project *composetypes.Project) map[string]composetypes.ServiceConfig {
+	servicesToBuild := make(map[string]composetypes.ServiceConfig, len(project.Services))
+	for serviceName, service := range project.Services {
+		if service.Build == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		servicesToBuild[serviceName] = service
+	}
+	return servicesToBuild
+}
+
+// BuildServices builds the services defined in the provided map.
+func BuildServices(ctx context.Context, servicesToBuild map[string]composetypes.ServiceConfig, opts BuildOptions) error {
+	fmt.Println("Building services...")
+
+	// Init docker client (can be local or remote, depending on DOCKER_HOST environment variable)
+	dockerCli, err := dockerclient.NewClientWithOpts(dockerclient.FromEnv, dockerclient.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer dockerCli.Close()
+
+	serviceImages := make(map[string]string, len(servicesToBuild))
+
+	// Build the services using the local docker client and compose libraries
+	for _, service := range servicesToBuild {
+		fmt.Printf("Building service: %s\n", service.Name)
+		imageName, err := buildSingleService(ctx, dockerCli, service, opts)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("build service %s: %w", service.Name, err)
+		}
+		serviceImages[service.Name] = imageName
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("Service images are built.\n")
+
+	if opts.Push {
+		err = pushServiceImages(ctx, dockerCli, serviceImages)
+	}
+
+	return err
+}
+
+// buildSingleService builds a single service using the Docker client and Compose libraries.
+func buildSingleService(ctx context.Context, dockerCli *dockerclient.Client, service composetypes.ServiceConfig, opts BuildOptions) (string, error) {
+	if service.Build == nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("service %s has no build configuration", service.Name)
+	}
+	if service.Image == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("service %s has no image specified; building services without image is not supported yet",
+			service.Name)
+	}
+
+	buildContextPath := service.Build.Context
+	imageName := service.Image
+
+	// Create a tar archive of the build context
+	buildContext, err := archive.TarWithOptions(buildContextPath, &archive.TarOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create build context for service %s: %w", service.Name, err)
+	}
+
+	buildOptions := build.ImageBuildOptions{
+		// TODO: Support Dockerfiles outside the build context
+		// See https://github.com/docker/compose/blob/cf89fd1aa1328d5af77658ccc5a1e1b29981ae80/pkg/compose/build_classic.go#L92
+		Dockerfile: service.Build.Dockerfile,
+		Tags:       []string{imageName},
+		Remove:     true, // Remove intermediate containers
+		NoCache:    opts.NoCache,
+	}
+
+	buildResponse, err := dockerCli.ImageBuild(ctx, buildContext, buildOptions)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to build image for service %s: %w", service.Name, err)
+	}
+	defer buildResponse.Body.Close()
+
+	// Display the build response
+	fd, isTerminal := term.GetFdInfo(os.Stdout)
+	if err := jsonmessage.DisplayJSONMessagesStream(buildResponse.Body, os.Stdout, fd, isTerminal, nil); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to display build response for service %s: %w", service.Name, err)
+	}
+
+	return imageName, nil
+}
+
+// pushSingleServiceImage pushes a single service image.
+func pushSingleServiceImage(ctx context.Context, dockerCli *dockerclient.Client, serviceName string, imageName string) error {
+	ref, err := reference.ParseNormalizedNamed(imageName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	repoInfo, err := registry.ParseRepositoryInfo(ref)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	registryKey := repoInfo.Index.Name
+	if repoInfo.Index.Official {
+		registryKey = registry.IndexServer
+	}
+
+	// Load the Docker config file with auth details, if available
+	configFile := config.LoadDefaultConfigFile(os.Stderr)
+
+	authConfig, err := configFile.GetAuthConfig(registryKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	authJSON, err := json.Marshal(authConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal auth config for registry %s: %w", registryKey, err)
+	}
+
+	authStr := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(authJSON)
+
+	pushOptions := image.PushOptions{
+		RegistryAuth: authStr,
+	}
+	pushResponse, err := dockerCli.ImagePush(ctx, imageName, pushOptions)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to push image %s: %w", imageName, err)
+	}
+	defer pushResponse.Close()
+
+	fmt.Printf("Pushing image %s for service %s...\n", imageName, serviceName)
+
+	fd, isTerminal := term.GetFdInfo(os.Stdout)
+	if err := jsonmessage.DisplayJSONMessagesStream(pushResponse, os.Stdout, fd, isTerminal, nil); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to display push response for image %s: %w", imageName, err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Image %s pushed successfully.\n", imageName)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// pushServiceImages pushes all built service images to the registry.
+func pushServiceImages(ctx context.Context, dockerCli *dockerclient.Client, serviceImages map[string]string) error {
+	fmt.Printf("Pushing images...\n")
+	for serviceName, imageName := range serviceImages {
+		if err := pushSingleServiceImage(ctx, dockerCli, serviceName, imageName); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("push image for service %s: %w", serviceName, err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/cli/cli.go

@@ -2,205 +2,346 @@ package cli
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
 	"net/netip"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli/client"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli/client/connector"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli/config"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
-	"uncloud/internal/sshexec"
+	"os"
+	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/streams"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/sshexec"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/connector"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
 )
 
-const defaultClusterName = "default"
+const (
+	// DefaultSSHKeyPath is the fallback location for the SSH private key when provisioning remote machines.
+	// Used when no key is explicitly provided and SSH agent authentication fails.
+	DefaultSSHKeyPath  = "~/.ssh/id_ed25519"
+	DefaultContextName = "default"
+)
 
 type CLI struct {
-	config *config.Config
+	Config *config.Config
+	conn   *config.MachineConnection
 }
 
-func New(configPath string) (*CLI, error) {
+// New creates a new CLI instance with the given config path or remote machine connection.
+// If the connection is provided, the config is ignored for all operations which is useful for interacting with
+// a cluster without creating a config.
+func New(configPath string, conn *config.MachineConnection) (*CLI, error) {
+	if conn != nil {
+		return &CLI{conn: conn}, nil
+	}
+
 	cfg, err := config.NewFromFile(configPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("read Uncloud config: %w", err)
 	}
+
 	return &CLI{
-		config: cfg,
+		Config: cfg,
 	}, nil
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) CreateCluster(name string) error {
-	if _, ok := cli.config.Clusters[name]; ok {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cluster %q already exists", name)
+func (cli *CLI) CreateContext(name string) error {
+	if _, ok := cli.Config.Contexts[name]; ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("context '%s' already exists", name)
 	}
-	cli.config.Clusters[name] = &config.Cluster{
+	cli.Config.Contexts[name] = &config.Context{
 		Name: name,
 	}
-	return cli.config.Save()
+	return cli.Config.Save()
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) SetCurrentCluster(name string) error {
-	if _, ok := cli.config.Clusters[name]; !ok {
-		return client.ErrNotFound
+func (cli *CLI) SetCurrentContext(name string) error {
+	if _, ok := cli.Config.Contexts[name]; !ok {
+		return api.ErrNotFound
 	}
-	cli.config.CurrentCluster = name
-	return cli.config.Save()
+	cli.Config.CurrentContext = name
+	return cli.Config.Save()
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) ConnectCluster(ctx context.Context, clusterName string) (*client.Client, error) {
-	if len(cli.config.Clusters) == 0 {
-		return nil, errors.New(
-			"no clusters found in the Uncloud config. " +
-				"Please initialise a cluster with `uncloud machine init` first",
+// ConnectCluster connects to a cluster using the given context name or the current context if not specified.
+// If the CLI was initialised with a machine connection, the config is ignored and the connection is used instead.
+func (cli *CLI) ConnectCluster(ctx context.Context, contextName string) (*client.Client, error) {
+	return cli.ConnectClusterWithOptions(ctx, contextName, ConnectOptions{
+		// Default to showing progress for CLI usage.
+		ShowProgress: true,
+	})
+}
+
+// ConnectClusterWithOptions connects to a cluster using the given context name and options.
+// If the CLI was initialised with a machine connection, the config is ignored and the connection is used instead.
+// Options are useful when using the CLI as a library where you may want to disable visual feedback.
+func (cli *CLI) ConnectClusterWithOptions(ctx context.Context, contextName string, opts ConnectOptions) (*client.Client, error) {
+	if cli.conn != nil {
+		return ConnectCluster(ctx, *cli.conn, opts)
+	}
+
+	if len(cli.Config.Contexts) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+			"no cluster contexts found in the Uncloud config (%s). "+
+				"Please initialise a cluster with 'uncloud machine init' first",
+			cli.Config.Path(),
 		)
 	}
-	if clusterName == "" {
+	if contextName == "" {
 		// If the cluster is not specified, use the current cluster if set.
-		if cli.config.CurrentCluster == "" {
-			return nil, errors.New(
-				"the current cluster is not set in the Uncloud config. " +
-					"Please specify a cluster with the --cluster flag or set current_cluster in the config",
-			)
-		}
-		if _, ok := cli.config.Clusters[cli.config.CurrentCluster]; !ok {
+		if cli.Config.CurrentContext == "" {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf(
-				"current cluster %q not found in the config. "+
-					"Please specify a cluster with the --cluster flag or update current_cluster in the config",
-				cli.config.CurrentCluster,
+				"the current cluster context is not set in the Uncloud config (%s). "+
+					"Please specify the context with the '--context' flag or set 'current_context' in the config",
+				cli.Config.Path(),
 			)
 		}
-		clusterName = cli.config.CurrentCluster
+		if _, ok := cli.Config.Contexts[cli.Config.CurrentContext]; !ok {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+				"current cluster context '%s' not found in the Uncloud config (%s). "+
+					"Please specify the context with the '--context' flag or update 'current_context' in the config",
+				cli.Config.CurrentContext,
+				cli.Config.Path(),
+			)
+		}
+		contextName = cli.Config.CurrentContext
 	}
 
-	cfg, ok := cli.config.Clusters[clusterName]
+	cfg, ok := cli.Config.Contexts[contextName]
 	if !ok {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cluster %q not found in the config", clusterName)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cluster context '%s' not found in the Uncloud config (%s)",
+			contextName, cli.Config.Path())
 	}
 	if len(cfg.Connections) == 0 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no connection configurations found for cluster %q in the config", clusterName)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+			"no connection configurations found for cluster context '%s' in the Uncloud config (%s)",
+			contextName, cli.Config.Path(),
+		)
 	}
 
-	// TODO: iterate over all connections and try to connect to the cluster using the first successful connection.
-	conn := cfg.Connections[0]
-	if conn.SSH != "" {
-		user, host, port, err := conn.SSH.Parse()
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse SSH connection %q: %w", conn.SSH, err)
+	// Try each connection in order until one succeeds.
+	var lastErr error
+	for _, conn := range cfg.Connections {
+		c, err := ConnectCluster(ctx, conn, opts)
+		if err == nil {
+			return c, nil
 		}
-		sshConfig := &connector.SSHConnectorConfig{
-			User: user,
-			Host: host,
-			Port: port,
-		}
-		return client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHConnector(sshConfig))
-	} else if conn.TCP.IsValid() {
-		return client.New(ctx, connector.NewTCPConnector(conn.TCP))
+
+		lastErr = err
 	}
-	return nil, errors.New("no valid connection configuration found for the cluster")
+
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to connect to cluster context '%s': "+
+		"all connections (%d) in the Uncloud config (%s) failed; last error: %w",
+		contextName, len(cfg.Connections), cli.Config.Path(), lastErr)
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) InitCluster(
-	ctx context.Context, remoteMachine *RemoteMachine, clusterName, machineName string, netPrefix netip.Prefix,
-) error {
-	if remoteMachine != nil {
-		return cli.initRemoteMachine(ctx, *remoteMachine, clusterName, machineName, netPrefix)
+type InitClusterOptions struct {
+	Context       string
+	MachineName   string
+	Network       netip.Prefix
+	PublicIP      *netip.Addr
+	RemoteMachine *RemoteMachine
+	SkipInstall   bool
+	Version       string
+}
+
+// InitCluster initialises a new cluster on a remote machine and returns a client to interact with the cluster.
+// The client should be closed after use by the caller.
+func (cli *CLI) InitCluster(ctx context.Context, opts InitClusterOptions) (*client.Client, error) {
+	if opts.RemoteMachine != nil {
+		return cli.initRemoteMachine(ctx, opts)
 	}
 	// TODO: implement local machine initialisation
-	return fmt.Errorf("local machine initialisation is not implemented yet")
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("local machine initialisation is not implemented yet")
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) initRemoteMachine(
-	ctx context.Context, remoteMachine RemoteMachine, clusterName, machineName string, netPrefix netip.Prefix,
-) error {
-	if clusterName == "" {
-		clusterName = defaultClusterName
-	}
-	if _, ok := cli.config.Clusters[clusterName]; ok {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cluster %q already exists", clusterName)
+func (cli *CLI) initRemoteMachine(ctx context.Context, opts InitClusterOptions) (*client.Client, error) {
+	contextName, err := cli.newContextName(opts.Context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	machineClient, err := cli.provisionRemoteMachine(ctx, remoteMachine)
+	machineClient, err := provisionOrConnectRemoteMachine(ctx, opts.RemoteMachine, opts.SkipInstall, opts.Version)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	defer machineClient.Close()
+	// Ensure machineClient is closed on error.
+	defer func() {
+		if err != nil {
+			machineClient.Close()
+		}
+	}()
 
 	// Check if the machine is already initialised as a cluster member and prompt the user to reset it first.
 	minfo, err := machineClient.Inspect(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("inspect machine: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("inspect machine: %w", err)
 	}
 	if minfo.Id != "" {
-		if err = cli.promptResetMachine(); err != nil {
-			return err
+		if err = promptResetMachine(ctx, machineClient.MachineClient); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Check machine meets all necessary system requirements before proceeding.
+	checkResp, err := machineClient.CheckPrerequisites(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
+	// TODO(lhf): remove Unimplemented check when v0.9.0 is released.
+	if err != nil {
+		if status.Convert(err).Code() != codes.Unimplemented {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("check machine prerequisites: %w", err)
+		}
+	} else if !checkResp.Satisfied {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("machine prerequisites not satisfied: %s", checkResp.Error)
+	}
+
 	req := &pb.InitClusterRequest{
-		MachineName: machineName,
-		Network:     pb.NewIPPrefix(netPrefix),
+		MachineName: opts.MachineName,
+		Network:     pb.NewIPPrefix(opts.Network),
 	}
-	resp, err := machineClient.InitCluster(ctx, req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("init cluster: %w", err)
-	}
-	fmt.Printf("Cluster %q initialised with machine %q\n", clusterName, resp.Machine.Name)
-
-	if err = cli.CreateCluster(clusterName); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("save cluster to config: %w", err)
-	}
-	// Set the current cluster to the just created one if it is the only cluster in the config.
-	if len(cli.config.Clusters) == 1 {
-		if err = cli.SetCurrentCluster(clusterName); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("set current cluster: %w", err)
+	if opts.PublicIP != nil {
+		if opts.PublicIP.IsValid() {
+			req.PublicIpConfig = &pb.InitClusterRequest_PublicIp{PublicIp: pb.NewIP(*opts.PublicIP)}
+		} else {
+			// Invalid or in other words zero IP means to automatically detect the public IP.
+			req.PublicIpConfig = &pb.InitClusterRequest_PublicIpAuto{PublicIpAuto: true}
 		}
 	}
-	// Save the machine's SSH connection details in the cluster config.
+
+	resp, err := machineClient.InitCluster(ctx, req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("init cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("Cluster initialised with machine '%s' and saved as context '%s' in your local config (%s)\n",
+		resp.Machine.Name, contextName, cli.Config.Path())
+	if err = cli.CreateContext(contextName); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("save cluster context to config: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err = cli.SetCurrentContext(contextName); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("set current cluster context: %w", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("Current cluster context is now '%s'.\n", contextName)
+
+	// Save the machine's SSH connection details in the context config.
 	connCfg := config.MachineConnection{
-		SSH: config.NewSSHDestination(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port),
+		SSH:        config.NewSSHDestination(opts.RemoteMachine.User, opts.RemoteMachine.Host, opts.RemoteMachine.Port),
+		SSHKeyFile: opts.RemoteMachine.KeyPath,
 	}
-	cli.config.Clusters[clusterName].Connections = append(cli.config.Clusters[clusterName].Connections, connCfg)
-	if err = cli.config.Save(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("save config: %w", err)
+	cli.Config.Contexts[contextName].Connections = append(cli.Config.Contexts[contextName].Connections, connCfg)
+	if err = cli.Config.Save(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("save config: %w", err)
 	}
-	return nil
+	return machineClient, nil
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, remoteMachine RemoteMachine, clusterName, machineName string) error {
-	c, err := cli.ConnectCluster(ctx, clusterName)
+// newContextName returns a unique name for a new cluster context. If the provided name is not DefaultContextName,
+// and it's already taken, an error is returned. If the name is not provided or is DefaultContextName, the first
+// available name "default[-N]" is returned.
+func (cli *CLI) newContextName(name string) (string, error) {
+	if name == "" {
+		name = DefaultContextName
+	}
+
+	if _, exists := cli.Config.Contexts[name]; !exists {
+		return name, nil
+	}
+
+	// If non-default context already exists, error out.
+	if name != DefaultContextName {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("cluster context '%s' already exists", name)
+	}
+
+	// The default context already exists, generate a numbered suffix to make it unique.
+	for i := 1; ; i++ {
+		name = fmt.Sprintf("%s-%d", DefaultContextName, i)
+		if _, exists := cli.Config.Contexts[name]; !exists {
+			return name, nil
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+type AddMachineOptions struct {
+	Context       string
+	MachineName   string
+	PublicIP      *netip.Addr
+	RemoteMachine *RemoteMachine
+	SkipInstall   bool
+	Version       string
+}
+
+// AddMachine provisions a remote machine and adds it to the cluster. It returns a cluster client and a machine client.
+// The cluster client is connected to the existing machine in the cluster. It was used to add the new machine to the
+// cluster. The machine client is connected to the new machine and can be used to interact with it.
+// Both client should be closed after use by the caller.
+func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, opts AddMachineOptions) (*client.Client, *client.Client, error) {
+	contextName := opts.Context
+	if contextName == "" {
+		contextName = cli.Config.CurrentContext
+	}
+	c, err := cli.ConnectCluster(ctx, contextName)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster (context '%s'): %w", contextName, err)
 	}
 	defer func() {
-		_ = c.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			c.Close()
+		}
 	}()
 
-	machineClient, err := cli.provisionRemoteMachine(ctx, remoteMachine)
+	machineClient, err := provisionOrConnectRemoteMachine(ctx, opts.RemoteMachine, opts.SkipInstall, opts.Version)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return nil, nil, err
 	}
-	defer machineClient.Close()
+	defer func() {
+		if err != nil {
+			machineClient.Close()
+		}
+	}()
 
 	// Check if the machine is already initialised as a cluster member and prompt the user to reset it first.
 	minfo, err := machineClient.Inspect(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("inspect machine: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("inspect machine: %w", err)
 	}
 	if minfo.Id != "" {
-		if err = cli.promptResetMachine(); err != nil {
-			return err
+		// Check if the machine is already a member of this cluster.
+		machines, err := c.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("list cluster machines: %w", err)
 		}
+		if slices.ContainsFunc(machines, func(m *pb.MachineMember) bool {
+			return m.Machine.Id == minfo.Id
+		}) {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("machine is already a member of this cluster (%s)", minfo.Name)
+		}
+
+		if err = promptResetMachine(ctx, machineClient.MachineClient); err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check machine meets all necessary system requirements before proceeding.
+	checkResp, err := machineClient.CheckPrerequisites(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
+	// TODO(lhf): remove Unimplemented check when v0.9.0 is released.
+	if err != nil {
+		if status.Convert(err).Code() != codes.Unimplemented {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("check machine prerequisites: %w", err)
+		}
+	} else if !checkResp.Satisfied {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("machine prerequisites not satisfied: %s", checkResp.Error)
 	}
 
 	tokenResp, err := machineClient.Token(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("get remote machine token: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("get remote machine token: %w", err)
 	}
 	token, err := machine.ParseToken(tokenResp.Token)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("parse remote machine token: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("parse remote machine token: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	// Register the machine in the cluster using its public key and endpoints from the token.
@@ -209,21 +350,30 @@ func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, remoteMachine RemoteMachine, clu
 		endpoints[i] = pb.NewIPPort(addrPort)
 	}
 	addReq := &pb.AddMachineRequest{
-		Name: machineName,
+		Name: opts.MachineName,
 		Network: &pb.NetworkConfig{
 			Endpoints: endpoints,
 			PublicKey: token.PublicKey,
 		},
 	}
-	addResp, err := c.AddMachine(ctx, addReq)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add machine to cluster: %w", err)
+	if opts.PublicIP != nil {
+		if opts.PublicIP.IsValid() {
+			addReq.PublicIp = pb.NewIP(*opts.PublicIP)
+		} else if token.PublicIP.IsValid() {
+			// Invalid or in other words zero IP means to use an automatically detected public IP from the token.
+			addReq.PublicIp = pb.NewIP(token.PublicIP)
+		}
 	}
 
-	// List other machines in the cluster to include them in the join request.
-	machines, err := c.ListMachines(ctx)
+	addResp, err := c.AddMachine(ctx, addReq)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("list cluster machines: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("add machine to cluster (context '%s'): %w", contextName, err)
+	}
+
+	// Get the most up-to-date list of other machines in the cluster to include them in the join request.
+	machines, err := c.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("list cluster machines: %w", err)
 	}
 	otherMachines := make([]*pb.MachineInfo, 0, len(machines)-1)
 	for _, m := range machines {
@@ -238,45 +388,63 @@ func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, remoteMachine RemoteMachine, clu
 		OtherMachines: otherMachines,
 	}
 	if _, err = machineClient.JoinCluster(ctx, joinReq); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("join cluster: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("join cluster: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	fmt.Printf("Machine %q added to cluster\n", addResp.Machine.Name)
+	// TODO: fix empty context name when using the current context (contextName == "").
+	fmt.Printf("Machine '%s' added to the cluster (context '%s').\n", addResp.Machine.Name, contextName)
 
-	// Save the machine's SSH connection details in the cluster config.
+	// Save the machine's SSH connection details in the context config.
 	connCfg := config.MachineConnection{
-		SSH: config.NewSSHDestination(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port),
+		SSH:        config.NewSSHDestination(opts.RemoteMachine.User, opts.RemoteMachine.Host, opts.RemoteMachine.Port),
+		SSHKeyFile: opts.RemoteMachine.KeyPath,
 	}
-	if clusterName == "" {
-		clusterName = cli.config.CurrentCluster
+	if contextName == "" {
+		contextName = cli.Config.CurrentContext
 	}
-	cli.config.Clusters[clusterName].Connections = append(cli.config.Clusters[clusterName].Connections, connCfg)
-	if err = cli.config.Save(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("save config: %w", err)
+	cli.Config.Contexts[contextName].Connections = append(cli.Config.Contexts[contextName].Connections, connCfg)
+	if err = cli.Config.Save(); err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("save config: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	return nil
+	return c, machineClient, nil
 }
 
-// provisionRemoteMachine installs the Uncloud daemon and dependencies on the remote machine over SSH and returns
-// a machine API client to interact with the machine. The client should be closed after use by the caller.
-func (cli *CLI) provisionRemoteMachine(ctx context.Context, remoteMachine RemoteMachine) (*client.Client, error) {
-	// Provision the remote machine by installing the Uncloud daemon and dependencies over SSH.
+// provisionOrConnectRemoteMachine installs the Uncloud daemon and dependencies on the remote machine over SSH and
+// returns a machine API client to interact with the machine. The client should be closed after use by the caller.
+// The version parameter specifies the version of the Uncloud daemon to install. If empty, the latest version is used.
+// If skipInstall is true, the installation step is skipped, and it is assumed that the Uncloud daemon and dependencies
+// are already installed and running.
+// The remoteMachine.SSHKeyPath could be updated to the default SSH key path if it is not set and the SSH agent
+// authentication fails.
+func provisionOrConnectRemoteMachine(
+	ctx context.Context, remoteMachine *RemoteMachine, skipInstall bool, version string,
+) (*client.Client, error) {
 	sshClient, err := sshexec.Connect(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port, remoteMachine.KeyPath)
+	// If the SSH connection using SSH agent fails and no key path is provided, try to use the default SSH key.
+	if err != nil && remoteMachine.KeyPath == "" {
+		remoteMachine.KeyPath = DefaultSSHKeyPath
+		sshClient, err = sshexec.Connect(
+			remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port, remoteMachine.KeyPath,
+		)
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
 			"SSH login to remote machine %s: %w",
 			config.NewSSHDestination(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port), err,
 		)
 	}
-	exec := sshexec.NewRemote(sshClient)
-	// Install and run the Uncloud daemon and dependencies on the remote machine.
-	if err = provisionMachine(ctx, exec); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("provision machine: %w", err)
+
+	if !skipInstall {
+		// Provision the remote machine by installing the Uncloud daemon and dependencies over SSH.
+		exec := sshexec.NewRemote(sshClient)
+		if err = provisionMachine(ctx, exec, version); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("provision machine: %w", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	var machineClient *client.Client
-	if remoteMachine.User == "root" {
+	if remoteMachine.User == "root" || skipInstall {
 		// Create a machine API client over the established SSH connection to the remote machine.
 		machineClient, err = client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHConnectorFromClient(sshClient))
 	} else {
@@ -296,26 +464,7 @@ func (cli *CLI) provisionRemoteMachine(ctx context.Context, remoteMachine Remote
 	return machineClient, nil
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) promptResetMachine() error {
-	var confirm bool
-	form := huh.NewForm(
-		huh.NewGroup(
-			huh.NewConfirm().
-				Title(
-					"The remote machine is already initialised as a cluster member. Do you want to reset it first?",
-				).
-				Affirmative("Yes!").
-				Negative("No").
-				Value(&confirm),
-		),
-	)
-	if err := form.Run(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("prompt user to confirm: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if !confirm {
-		return fmt.Errorf("remote machine is already initialised as a cluster member")
-	}
-	// TODO: implement resetting the remote machine.
-	return fmt.Errorf("resetting the remote machine is not implemented yet")
+// ProgressOut returns an output stream for progress writer.
+func (cli *CLI) ProgressOut() *streams.Out {
+	return streams.NewOut(os.Stdout)
 }

internal/cli/client/client.go

@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-package client
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/streams"
-	"google.golang.org/grpc"
-	"os"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/docker"
-)
-
-var ErrNotFound = errors.New("not found")
-
-// Client is a client for the machine API.
-type Client struct {
-	connector Connector
-	conn      *grpc.ClientConn
-
-	pb.MachineClient
-	pb.ClusterClient
-	*DockerClient
-}
-
-// DockerClient is a type alias for the Docker client to embed it in Client with a more specific name.
-type DockerClient = docker.Client
-
-// Connector is an interface for establishing a connection to the machine API.
-type Connector interface {
-	Connect(ctx context.Context) (*grpc.ClientConn, error)
-	Close() error
-}
-
-// New creates a new client for the machine API. The connector is used to establish the connection
-// either locally or remotely. The client is responsible for closing the connector.
-func New(ctx context.Context, connector Connector) (*Client, error) {
-	c := &Client{
-		connector: connector,
-	}
-	var err error
-	c.conn, err = connector.Connect(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("connect to machine: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	c.MachineClient = pb.NewMachineClient(c.conn)
-	c.ClusterClient = pb.NewClusterClient(c.conn)
-	c.DockerClient = docker.NewClient(c.conn)
-	return c, nil
-}
-
-func (cli *Client) Close() error {
-	return errors.Join(cli.conn.Close(), cli.connector.Close())
-}
-
-// progressOut returns an output stream for progress writer.
-func (cli *Client) progressOut() *streams.Out {
-	return streams.NewOut(os.Stdout)
-}

internal/cli/client/cluster.go

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-package client
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
-)
-
-func (cli *Client) ListMachines(ctx context.Context) ([]*pb.MachineMember, error) {
-	resp, err := cli.ClusterClient.ListMachines(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return resp.Machines, nil
-}

internal/cli/client/service.go

@@ -1,678 +0,0 @@
-package client
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"github.com/distribution/reference"
-	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/network"
-	dockerclient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/jsonmessage"
-	"github.com/docker/go-connections/nat"
-	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
-	"google.golang.org/grpc/metadata"
-	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
-	"slices"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-	"sync"
-	"uncloud/internal/api"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
-	machinedocker "uncloud/internal/machine/docker"
-	"uncloud/internal/secret"
-)
-
-type RunServiceResponse struct {
-	ID         string
-	Name       string
-	Containers []MachineContainerID
-}
-
-type MachineContainerID struct {
-	MachineID   string
-	ContainerID string
-}
-
-func (cli *Client) RunService(ctx context.Context, spec api.ServiceSpec) (RunServiceResponse, error) {
-	var resp RunServiceResponse
-
-	if err := spec.Validate(); err != nil {
-		return resp, fmt.Errorf("invalid service spec: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	img, err := reference.ParseDockerRef(spec.Container.Image)
-	if err != nil {
-		return resp, fmt.Errorf("invalid image: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if spec.Name == "" {
-		// Generate a random service name from the image if not specified.
-		// Get the image name without the repository and tag/digest parts.
-		imageName := reference.FamiliarName(img)
-		// Get the last part of the image name (path), e.g. "nginx" from "bitnami/nginx".
-		if i := strings.LastIndex(imageName, "/"); i != -1 {
-			imageName = imageName[i+1:]
-		}
-		// Append a random suffix to the image name to generate an optimistically unique service name.
-		suffix, err := secret.RandomAlphaNumeric(4)
-		if err != nil {
-			return resp, fmt.Errorf("generate random suffix: %w", err)
-		}
-		spec.Name = fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s", imageName, suffix)
-	} else {
-		// Optimistically check if a service with the specified name already exists.
-		_, err := cli.InspectService(ctx, spec.Name)
-		if err == nil {
-			return resp, fmt.Errorf("service with name '%s' already exists", spec.Name)
-		}
-		if !errors.Is(err, ErrNotFound) {
-			return resp, fmt.Errorf("inspect service: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	serviceID, err := secret.NewID()
-	if err != nil {
-		return resp, fmt.Errorf("generate service ID: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		switch spec.Mode {
-		case "", api.ServiceModeReplicated:
-			resp, err = cli.runReplicatedService(ctx, serviceID, spec)
-		case api.ServiceModeGlobal:
-			resp, err = cli.runGlobalService(ctx, serviceID, spec)
-		default:
-			return fmt.Errorf("invalid mode: %q", spec.Mode)
-		}
-
-		return err
-	}, cli.progressOut(), "Running service "+spec.Name)
-
-	return resp, err
-}
-
-func (cli *Client) runReplicatedService(ctx context.Context, id string, spec api.ServiceSpec) (RunServiceResponse, error) {
-	resp := RunServiceResponse{
-		ID:   id,
-		Name: spec.Name,
-	}
-
-	// Find a machine to run a service replica on.
-	machines, err := cli.ListMachines(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return resp, fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// TODO: support selecting a particular machine by ID or name through the user options.
-	//var machine *pb.MachineMember
-	//if opts.Machine != "" {
-	//	// Check if the machine ID or name exists if it's explicitly specified.
-	//	for _, m := range machines {
-	//		if m.Machine.Name == opts.Machine || m.Machine.Id == opts.Machine {
-	//			machine = m
-	//			break
-	//		}
-	//	}
-	//	if machine == nil {
-	//		return resp, fmt.Errorf("machine %q not found", opts.Machine)
-	//	}
-	//}
-
-	m := firstAvailableMachine(machines)
-	if m == nil {
-		return resp, errors.New("no available machine to run the service")
-	}
-
-	runResp, err := cli.runContainer(ctx, id, spec, m.Machine)
-	if err != nil {
-		return resp, fmt.Errorf("run container: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	resp.Containers = append(resp.Containers, MachineContainerID{
-		MachineID:   m.Machine.Id,
-		ContainerID: runResp.ID,
-	})
-
-	return resp, nil
-}
-
-func firstAvailableMachine(machines []*pb.MachineMember) *pb.MachineMember {
-	// Find the first UP machine.
-	for _, m := range machines {
-		if m.State == pb.MachineMember_UP {
-			return m
-		}
-	}
-	// There is no UP machine, try to find the first SUSPECT machine.
-	for _, m := range machines {
-		if m.State == pb.MachineMember_SUSPECT {
-			return m
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (cli *Client) runGlobalService(ctx context.Context, id string, spec api.ServiceSpec) (RunServiceResponse, error) {
-	resp := RunServiceResponse{
-		ID:   id,
-		Name: spec.Name,
-	}
-
-	machines, err := cli.ListMachines(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return resp, fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
-	errCh := make(chan error)
-	mu := sync.Mutex{}
-
-	// Run a service container on each available machine.
-	for _, m := range machines {
-		if m.State != pb.MachineMember_UP && m.State != pb.MachineMember_SUSPECT {
-			// TODO: return failed machines in the response.
-			fmt.Printf("WARNING: failed to run a service container on machine '%s' which is Down.\n", m.Machine.Name)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		wg.Add(1)
-		go func() {
-			defer wg.Done()
-
-			runResp, err := cli.runContainer(ctx, id, spec, m.Machine)
-			if err != nil {
-				errCh <- fmt.Errorf("run container on machine '%s': %w", m.Machine.Name, err)
-				return
-			}
-
-			mu.Lock()
-			resp.Containers = append(resp.Containers, MachineContainerID{
-				MachineID:   m.Machine.Id,
-				ContainerID: runResp.ID,
-			})
-			mu.Unlock()
-		}()
-	}
-
-	go func() {
-		wg.Wait()
-		close(errCh)
-	}()
-
-	err = nil
-	for e := range errCh {
-		err = errors.Join(err, e)
-	}
-
-	return resp, err
-}
-
-func (cli *Client) runContainer(
-	ctx context.Context, serviceID string, spec api.ServiceSpec, machine *pb.MachineInfo,
-) (container.CreateResponse, error) {
-	var resp container.CreateResponse
-
-	// Proxy Docker gRPC requests to the selected machine.
-	machineIP, _ := machine.Network.ManagementIp.ToAddr()
-	md := metadata.Pairs("machines", machineIP.String())
-	ctx = metadata.NewOutgoingContext(ctx, md)
-
-	suffix, err := secret.RandomAlphaNumeric(4)
-	if err != nil {
-		return resp, fmt.Errorf("generate random suffix: %w", err)
-	}
-	containerName := fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s", spec.Name, suffix)
-
-	config := &container.Config{
-		Cmd:   spec.Container.Command,
-		Image: spec.Container.Image,
-		Labels: map[string]string{
-			api.LabelServiceID:   serviceID,
-			api.LabelServiceName: spec.Name,
-			api.LabelManaged:     "",
-		},
-	}
-	if spec.Mode == api.ServiceModeGlobal {
-		config.Labels[api.LabelServiceMode] = api.ServiceModeGlobal
-	}
-
-	if len(spec.Ports) > 0 {
-		encodedPorts := make([]string, len(spec.Ports))
-		for i, p := range spec.Ports {
-			encodedPorts[i], err = p.String()
-			if err != nil {
-				return resp, fmt.Errorf("encode service port spec: %w", err)
-			}
-		}
-
-		config.Labels[api.LabelServicePorts] = strings.Join(encodedPorts, ",")
-	}
-
-	portBindings := make(nat.PortMap)
-	for _, p := range spec.Ports {
-		if p.Mode != api.PortModeHost {
-			continue
-		}
-		port := nat.Port(fmt.Sprintf("%d/%s", p.ContainerPort, p.Protocol))
-		portBindings[port] = []nat.PortBinding{
-			{
-				HostPort: strconv.Itoa(int(p.PublishedPort)),
-			},
-		}
-		if p.HostIP.IsValid() {
-			portBindings[port][0].HostIP = p.HostIP.String()
-		}
-	}
-	hostConfig := &container.HostConfig{
-		Binds:        spec.Container.Volumes,
-		Init:         spec.Container.Init,
-		PortBindings: portBindings,
-	}
-	netConfig := &network.NetworkingConfig{
-		EndpointsConfig: map[string]*network.EndpointSettings{
-			machinedocker.NetworkName: {},
-		},
-	}
-
-	pw := progress.ContextWriter(ctx)
-	eventID := fmt.Sprintf("Container %s on %s", containerName, machine.Name)
-
-	pw.Event(progress.CreatingEvent(eventID))
-	resp, err = cli.CreateContainer(ctx, config, hostConfig, netConfig, nil, containerName)
-	if err != nil {
-		if !dockerclient.IsErrNotFound(err) {
-			return resp, fmt.Errorf("create container: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		// Pull the missing image and create the container again.
-		if err = cli.pullImageWithProgress(ctx, config.Image, machine.Name, eventID); err != nil {
-			return resp, err
-		}
-		if resp, err = cli.CreateContainer(ctx, config, hostConfig, netConfig, nil, containerName); err != nil {
-			return resp, fmt.Errorf("create container: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-	pw.Event(progress.CreatedEvent(eventID))
-
-	pw.Event(progress.StartingEvent(eventID))
-	if err = cli.StartContainer(ctx, resp.ID, container.StartOptions{}); err != nil {
-		return resp, fmt.Errorf("start container: %w", err)
-	}
-	pw.Event(progress.StartedEvent(eventID))
-
-	return resp, nil
-}
-
-func (cli *Client) pullImageWithProgress(ctx context.Context, image, machineName, parentEventID string) error {
-	pw := progress.ContextWriter(ctx)
-	eventID := fmt.Sprintf("Image %s on %s", image, machineName)
-	pw.Event(progress.Event{
-		ID:         eventID,
-		ParentID:   parentEventID,
-		Status:     progress.Working,
-		StatusText: "Pulling",
-	})
-
-	pullCh, err := cli.PullImage(ctx, image)
-	if err != nil {
-		pw.Event(progress.Event{
-			ID:         eventID,
-			ParentID:   parentEventID,
-			Text:       "Error",
-			Status:     progress.Error,
-			StatusText: errors.Unwrap(err).Error(),
-		})
-		return fmt.Errorf("pull image: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Wait for pull to complete by reading all progress messages and converting them to events.
-	for msg := range pullCh {
-		if msg.Err != nil {
-			err = msg.Err
-		} else {
-			if msg.Message.Error != nil {
-				err = errors.New(msg.Message.Error.Message)
-			}
-		}
-		if err != nil {
-			pw.Event(progress.Event{
-				ID:         eventID,
-				ParentID:   parentEventID,
-				Text:       "Error",
-				Status:     progress.Error,
-				StatusText: errors.Unwrap(err).Error(),
-			})
-			return fmt.Errorf("pull image: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		// TODO: add like in compose: --quiet-pull Pull without printing progress information
-		e := toPullProgressEvent(msg.Message)
-		if e != nil {
-			e.ID = fmt.Sprintf("%s on %s", e.ID, machineName)
-			e.ParentID = eventID
-			// Grand children events are not printed by the tty progress writer but they are still required
-			// to calculate the progress line of their parent.
-			pw.Event(*e)
-		}
-	}
-	pw.Event(progress.Event{
-		ID:         eventID,
-		ParentID:   parentEventID,
-		Status:     progress.Done,
-		StatusText: "Pulled",
-	})
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// toPullProgressEvent converts a JSON progress message from the Docker API to a progress event.
-// It's based on toPullProgressEvent from Docker Compose.
-func toPullProgressEvent(jm jsonmessage.JSONMessage) *progress.Event {
-	if jm.ID == "" || jm.Progress == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	var (
-		total   int64
-		percent int
-		current int64
-	)
-	text := jm.Progress.String()
-	stat := progress.Working
-
-	switch jm.Status {
-	case "Preparing", "Waiting", "Pulling fs layer":
-		percent = 0
-	case "Downloading", "Extracting", "Verifying Checksum":
-		current = jm.Progress.Current
-		total = jm.Progress.Total
-		if jm.Progress.Total > 0 {
-			percent = int(jm.Progress.Current * 100 / jm.Progress.Total)
-		}
-	case "Download complete", "Already exists", "Pull complete":
-		stat = progress.Done
-		percent = 100
-	}
-
-	if strings.Contains(jm.Status, "Image is up to date") ||
-		strings.Contains(jm.Status, "Downloaded newer image") {
-		stat = progress.Done
-		percent = 100
-	}
-
-	return &progress.Event{
-		ID:         jm.ID,
-		Current:    current,
-		Total:      total,
-		Percent:    percent,
-		Text:       jm.Status,
-		Status:     stat,
-		StatusText: text,
-	}
-}
-
-// InspectService returns detailed information about a service and its containers.
-// The id parameter can be either a service ID or name.
-func (cli *Client) InspectService(ctx context.Context, id string) (api.Service, error) {
-	var svc api.Service
-
-	machines, err := cli.ListMachines(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return svc, fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Broadcast the container list request to all available machines.
-	machineIDByManagementIP := make(map[string]string)
-	md := metadata.New(nil)
-	for _, m := range machines {
-		if m.State == pb.MachineMember_UP || m.State == pb.MachineMember_SUSPECT {
-			machineIP, _ := m.Machine.Network.ManagementIp.ToAddr()
-			md.Append("machines", machineIP.String())
-
-			machineIDByManagementIP[machineIP.String()] = m.Machine.Id
-		}
-		// TODO: warning about machines that are DOWN.
-	}
-	listCtx := metadata.NewOutgoingContext(ctx, md)
-
-	// List only uncloud-managed containers that belong to some service.
-	opts := container.ListOptions{
-		All: true,
-		Filters: filters.NewArgs(
-			filters.Arg("label", api.LabelServiceID),
-			filters.Arg("label", api.LabelManaged),
-		),
-	}
-	machineContainers, err := cli.ListContainers(listCtx, opts)
-	if err != nil {
-		return svc, fmt.Errorf("list containers: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Collect all containers on all machines that belong to the specified service.
-	foundByID := false
-	var containers []api.MachineContainer
-	for _, mc := range machineContainers {
-		// Metadata can be nil if the request was broadcasted to only one machine.
-		if mc.Metadata == nil && len(machineContainers) > 1 {
-			return svc, errors.New("something went wrong with gRPC proxy: metadata is missing for a machine response")
-		}
-		if mc.Metadata != nil && mc.Metadata.Error != "" {
-			// TODO: return failed machines in the response.
-			fmt.Printf("WARNING: failed to list containers on machine '%s': %s\n",
-				mc.Metadata.Machine, mc.Metadata.Error)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		machineID := ""
-		if mc.Metadata == nil {
-			// ListContainers was proxied to only one machine.
-			for _, v := range machineIDByManagementIP {
-				machineID = v
-				break
-			}
-		} else {
-			var ok bool
-			machineID, ok = machineIDByManagementIP[mc.Metadata.Machine]
-			if !ok {
-				return svc, fmt.Errorf("machine name not found for management IP: %s", mc.Metadata.Machine)
-			}
-		}
-
-		for _, c := range mc.Containers {
-			ctr := api.Container{Container: c}
-			if ctr.ServiceID() == id || ctr.ServiceName() == id {
-				containers = append(containers, api.MachineContainer{
-					MachineID: machineID,
-					Container: ctr,
-				})
-
-				if ctr.ServiceID() == id {
-					foundByID = true
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(containers) == 0 {
-		return svc, ErrNotFound
-	}
-
-	// Containers from different services may share the same service name (distributed and eventually consistent store
-	// may not prevent this), or a service name might match another service's ID. In these cases, matching by ID takes
-	// priority over matching by name.
-	if foundByID {
-		containers = slices.DeleteFunc(containers, func(mc api.MachineContainer) bool {
-			return mc.Container.ServiceID() != id
-		})
-	} else {
-		// Matched only by name but there could be multiple services with the same name.
-		serviceID := containers[0].Container.ServiceID()
-		for _, mc := range containers[1:] {
-			if mc.Container.ServiceID() != serviceID {
-				return svc, fmt.Errorf("multiple services found with name: %s", id)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	svc = api.Service{
-		ID:         containers[0].Container.ServiceID(),
-		Name:       containers[0].Container.ServiceName(),
-		Mode:       containers[0].Container.ServiceMode(),
-		Containers: containers,
-	}
-	if svc.Mode == "" {
-		svc.Mode = api.ServiceModeReplicated
-	}
-
-	return svc, nil
-}
-
-// InspectServiceFromStore returns detailed information about a service and its containers from the distributed store.
-// Due to eventual consistency of the store, the returned information may not reflect the most recent changes.
-// The id parameter can be either a service ID or name.
-func (cli *Client) InspectServiceFromStore(ctx context.Context, id string) (api.Service, error) {
-	var svc api.Service
-
-	resp, err := cli.MachineClient.InspectService(ctx, &pb.InspectServiceRequest{Id: id})
-	if err != nil {
-		if s, ok := status.FromError(err); ok {
-			if s.Code() == codes.NotFound {
-				return svc, ErrNotFound
-			}
-		}
-		return svc, err
-	}
-
-	svc, err = api.ServiceFromProto(resp.Service)
-	if err != nil {
-		return svc, fmt.Errorf("from proto: %w", err)
-	}
-	return svc, nil
-}
-
-// RemoveService removes all containers on all machines that belong to the specified service.
-// The id parameter can be either a service ID or name.
-func (cli *Client) RemoveService(ctx context.Context, id string) error {
-	svc, err := cli.InspectService(ctx, id)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	machines, err := cli.ListMachines(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
-	}
-	machineManagementIPByID := make(map[string]string)
-	for _, m := range machines {
-		machineIP, _ := m.Machine.Network.ManagementIp.ToAddr()
-		machineManagementIPByID[m.Machine.Id] = machineIP.String()
-	}
-
-	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
-	errCh := make(chan error)
-
-	// Remove all containers on all machines that belong to the service.
-	for _, mc := range svc.Containers {
-		wg.Add(1)
-
-		go func() {
-			defer wg.Done()
-
-			machineIP, ok := machineManagementIPByID[mc.MachineID]
-			if !ok {
-				errCh <- fmt.Errorf("machine not found by ID: %s", mc.MachineID)
-				return
-			}
-			removeCtx := metadata.NewOutgoingContext(ctx, metadata.Pairs("machines", machineIP))
-			// TODO: gracefully stop the container before removing it without force.
-			err := cli.RemoveContainer(removeCtx, mc.Container.ID, container.RemoveOptions{Force: true})
-			if err != nil {
-				if !dockerclient.IsErrNotFound(err) {
-					errCh <- fmt.Errorf("remove container '%s': %w", mc.Container.ID, err)
-				}
-			}
-		}()
-	}
-
-	go func() {
-		wg.Wait()
-		close(errCh)
-	}()
-
-	err = nil
-	for e := range errCh {
-		err = errors.Join(err, e)
-	}
-	return err
-}
-
-// ListServices returns a list of all services and their containers.
-func (cli *Client) ListServices(ctx context.Context) ([]api.Service, error) {
-	machines, err := cli.ListMachines(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Broadcast the container list request to all available machines.
-	md := metadata.New(nil)
-	for _, m := range machines {
-		if m.State == pb.MachineMember_UP || m.State == pb.MachineMember_SUSPECT {
-			machineIP, _ := m.Machine.Network.ManagementIp.ToAddr()
-			md.Append("machines", machineIP.String())
-		}
-		// TODO: warning about machines that are DOWN.
-	}
-	listCtx := metadata.NewOutgoingContext(ctx, md)
-
-	// List only uncloud-managed containers that belong to some service.
-	opts := container.ListOptions{
-		All: true,
-		Filters: filters.NewArgs(
-			filters.Arg("label", api.LabelServiceID),
-			filters.Arg("label", api.LabelManaged),
-		),
-	}
-	machineContainers, err := cli.ListContainers(listCtx, opts)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("list containers: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// TODO: optimise by extracting services from the list of all containers instead of inspecting each service.
-	//  Most of the code can be reused in both InspectService and ListServices.
-	servicesByID := make(map[string]api.Service)
-	for _, mc := range machineContainers {
-		if mc.Metadata != nil && mc.Metadata.Error != "" {
-			// TODO: return failed machines in the response.
-			fmt.Printf("WARNING: failed to list containers on machine '%s': %s\n",
-				mc.Metadata.Machine, mc.Metadata.Error)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		for _, c := range mc.Containers {
-			ctr := api.Container{Container: c}
-			if _, ok := servicesByID[ctr.ServiceID()]; ok {
-				continue
-			}
-
-			svc, err := cli.InspectService(ctx, ctr.ServiceID())
-			if err != nil {
-				if errors.Is(err, ErrNotFound) {
-					continue
-				}
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("inspect service: %w", err)
-			}
-
-			servicesByID[ctr.ServiceID()] = svc
-		}
-	}
-
-	services := make([]api.Service, 0, len(servicesByID))
-	for _, svc := range servicesByID {
-		services = append(services, svc)
-	}
-	return services, nil
-}

internal/cli/config/cluster.go

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-package config
-
-type Cluster struct {
-	Name        string              `toml:"-"`
-	Connections []MachineConnection `toml:"connections"`
-}

internal/cli/config/config.go

@@ -2,14 +2,15 @@ package config
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/BurntSushi/toml"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+
+	"github.com/goccy/go-yaml"
 )
 
 type Config struct {
-	Clusters       map[string]*Cluster `toml:"clusters"`
-	CurrentCluster string              `toml:"current_cluster"`
+	CurrentContext string              `yaml:"current_context"`
+	Contexts       map[string]*Context `yaml:"contexts"`
 
 	// path is the file path config is read from.
 	path string
@@ -18,10 +19,10 @@ type Config struct {
 func NewFromFile(path string) (*Config, error) {
 	_, err := os.Stat(path)
 	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("check file permissions %q: %w", path, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("check file permissions '%s': %w", path, err)
 	}
 	c := &Config{
-		Clusters: map[string]*Cluster{},
+		Contexts: map[string]*Context{},
 		path:     path,
 	}
 	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
@@ -34,30 +35,41 @@ func NewFromFile(path string) (*Config, error) {
 	return c, nil
 }
 
+func (c *Config) Path() string {
+	return c.path
+}
+
 func (c *Config) Read() error {
-	_, err := toml.DecodeFile(c.path, c)
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(c.path)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("read config file %q: %w", c.path, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("read config file '%s': %w", c.path, err)
 	}
+	if err = yaml.Unmarshal(data, c); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("parse config file '%s': %s", c.path, yaml.FormatError(err, true, true))
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
 func (c *Config) Save() error {
 	dir, _ := filepath.Split(c.path)
-	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0700); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create config directory %q: %w", dir, err)
+	// If dir is empty (e.g., when path is just a filename), use current directory
+	if dir == "" {
+		dir = "."
+	}
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o700); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create config directory '%s': %w", dir, err)
 	}
 
-	f, err := os.OpenFile(c.path, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0600)
+	f, err := os.OpenFile(c.path, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0o600)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("write config file %q: %w", c.path, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("write config file '%s': %w", c.path, err)
 	}
 
-	encoder := toml.NewEncoder(f)
-	encoder.Indent = ""
+	encoder := yaml.NewEncoder(f, yaml.Indent(2), yaml.IndentSequence(true))
 	if err = encoder.Encode(c); err != nil {
 		_ = f.Close()
-		return fmt.Errorf("encode config file %q: %w", c.path, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("encode config file '%s': %w", c.path, err)
 	}
 	return f.Close()
 }

internal/cli/config/config_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestConfig_Save(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	// Create a temporary directory for the test
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+
+	// Change to temp directory so relative paths resolve correctly
+	originalDir, err := os.Getwd()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to get current directory: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err := os.Chdir(originalDir); err != nil {
+			t.Logf("Failed to restore original directory: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name            string
+		configPath      string
+		contextName     string
+		expectFileAt    string // Expected file location for verification
+		useAbsolutePath bool   // Whether to use absolute path for expectFileAt
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "relative path without prefix",
+			configPath:  "test-config.yaml",
+			contextName: "test",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "relative path with prefix",
+			configPath:  "./test-config-2.yaml",
+			contextName: "test2",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "absolute path",
+			configPath:  filepath.Join(tmpDir, "absolute-config.yaml"),
+			contextName: "test3",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			if err := os.Chdir(tmpDir); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Failed to change to temp directory: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			cfg := &Config{
+				CurrentContext: tt.contextName,
+				Contexts: map[string]*Context{
+					tt.contextName: {
+						Name: tt.contextName,
+					},
+				},
+				path: tt.configPath,
+			}
+
+			// This should not fail when saving the config
+			err := cfg.Save()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("Expected no error when saving config, got: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			// Verify the file was created
+			if _, err := os.Stat(tt.configPath); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+				t.Errorf("Config file was not created at expected path: %s", tt.configPath)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/cli/config/connection.go

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 package config
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
-	"uncloud/internal/secret"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/secret"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -14,10 +16,22 @@ const (
 )
 
 type MachineConnection struct {
-	SSH       SSHDestination `toml:"ssh,omitempty"`
-	TCP       netip.AddrPort `toml:"tcp,omitempty"`
-	Host      string         `toml:"host,omitempty"`
-	PublicKey secret.Secret  `toml:"public_key,omitempty"`
+	SSH        SSHDestination `yaml:"ssh,omitempty"`
+	SSHKeyFile string         `yaml:"ssh_key_file,omitempty"`
+	// TCP is the address and port of the machine's API server.
+	// The pointer is used to omit the field when not set. Otherwise, yaml marshalling includes an empty object.
+	TCP       *netip.AddrPort `yaml:"tcp,omitempty"`
+	Host      string          `yaml:"host,omitempty"`
+	PublicKey secret.Secret   `yaml:"public_key,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (c MachineConnection) String() string {
+	if c.SSH != "" {
+		return string(c.SSH)
+	} else if c.TCP != nil && c.TCP.IsValid() {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("tcp://%s", c.TCP)
+	}
+	return "unknown connection"
 }
 
 // SSHDestination represents an SSH destination string in the canonical form of "user@host:port".

internal/cli/config/context.go

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+package config
+
+type Context struct {
+	Name        string              `yaml:"-"`
+	Connections []MachineConnection `yaml:"connections"`
+}

internal/cli/connect.go

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+package cli
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles/spinner"
+	tea "github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/fs"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/connector"
+)
+
+// ConnectOptions configures the behavior of cluster connection attempts.
+type ConnectOptions struct {
+	// Whether to show connection progress spinner if stdout is a terminal or progress logs if not.
+	ShowProgress bool
+}
+
+func ConnectCluster(ctx context.Context, conn config.MachineConnection, opts ConnectOptions) (*client.Client, error) {
+	if opts.ShowProgress {
+		return connectClusterWithProgress(ctx, conn)
+	}
+	return connectCluster(ctx, conn)
+}
+
+// connectClusterWithProgress connects to the cluster while displaying a progress spinner.
+// If the stdout is not a terminal, it falls back to simple progress logs to stderr.
+func connectClusterWithProgress(ctx context.Context, conn config.MachineConnection) (*client.Client, error) {
+	// If stdout is not a terminal, fall back to simple progress logs.
+	if !IsStdoutTerminal() {
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Connecting to", conn.String())
+		cli, err := connectCluster(ctx, conn)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Connection failed:", err)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Connected to cluster.")
+		}
+		return cli, err
+	}
+
+	// Run the connection TUI model.
+	p := tea.NewProgram(newConnectModel(ctx, conn))
+	model, err := p.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("run connection TUI: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	m := model.(connectModel)
+	return m.result.client, m.result.err
+}
+
+func connectCluster(ctx context.Context, conn config.MachineConnection) (*client.Client, error) {
+	if conn.SSH != "" {
+		user, host, port, err := conn.SSH.Parse()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse SSH connection %q: %w", conn.SSH, err)
+		}
+
+		keyPath := fs.ExpandHomeDir(conn.SSHKeyFile)
+
+		sshConfig := &connector.SSHConnectorConfig{
+			User:    user,
+			Host:    host,
+			Port:    port,
+			KeyPath: keyPath,
+		}
+		return client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHConnector(sshConfig))
+	} else if conn.TCP != nil && conn.TCP.IsValid() {
+		return client.New(ctx, connector.NewTCPConnector(*conn.TCP))
+	}
+
+	return nil, errors.New("connection configuration is invalid")
+}
+
+// connectModel is a TUI model for connecting to a cluster with a progress spinner.
+type connectModel struct {
+	ctx     context.Context
+	conn    config.MachineConnection
+	spinner spinner.Model
+	// showSpinner controls whether the spinner is visible (delayed to avoid flashing).
+	showSpinner bool
+	// done indicates whether the connection attempt has completed (successfully or with error).
+	done bool
+	// result holds the result of the connection attempt.
+	result connectResultMsg
+}
+
+type connectResultMsg struct {
+	client *client.Client
+	err    error
+}
+
+// showSpinnerMsg is sent after a delay to show the spinner.
+type showSpinnerMsg struct{}
+
+func newConnectModel(ctx context.Context, conn config.MachineConnection) connectModel {
+	s := spinner.New()
+	s.Spinner = spinner.MiniDot
+	s.Style = lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("3")) // the same yellow as in compose progress
+
+	return connectModel{
+		ctx:     ctx,
+		conn:    conn,
+		spinner: s,
+	}
+}
+
+func (m connectModel) Init() tea.Cmd {
+	return tea.Batch(
+		m.spinner.Tick,
+		m.connect(),
+		m.delayShowSpinner(),
+	)
+}
+
+func (m connectModel) connect() tea.Cmd {
+	return func() tea.Msg {
+		cli, err := connectCluster(m.ctx, m.conn)
+		return connectResultMsg{
+			client: cli,
+			err:    err,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// delayShowSpinner returns a command that sends a message to show the spinner after a delay.
+// This avoids flashing the spinner if the connection is fast.
+func (m connectModel) delayShowSpinner() tea.Cmd {
+	return tea.Tick(500*time.Millisecond, func(t time.Time) tea.Msg {
+		return showSpinnerMsg{}
+	})
+}
+
+func (m connectModel) Update(msg tea.Msg) (tea.Model, tea.Cmd) {
+	select {
+	case <-m.ctx.Done():
+		m.result.err = m.ctx.Err()
+		m.done = true
+		return m, tea.Quit
+	default:
+	}
+
+	switch msg := msg.(type) {
+	case connectResultMsg:
+		m.result = msg
+		m.done = true
+		return m, tea.Quit
+
+	case showSpinnerMsg:
+		// Only show spinner if connection hasn't completed yet.
+		if !m.done {
+			m.showSpinner = true
+		}
+		return m, nil
+
+	case spinner.TickMsg:
+		var cmd tea.Cmd
+		m.spinner, cmd = m.spinner.Update(msg)
+		return m, cmd
+
+	case tea.KeyMsg:
+		if msg.Type == tea.KeyCtrlC {
+			m.result.err = fmt.Errorf("connection cancelled")
+			m.done = true
+			return m, tea.Quit
+		}
+	}
+
+	return m, nil
+}
+
+func (m connectModel) View() string {
+	// Don't show anything if done or spinner not yet visible.
+	if m.done || !m.showSpinner {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	style := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("153"))
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s %s\n",
+		m.spinner.View(),
+		fmt.Sprintf("Connecting to %s", style.Render(m.conn.String())),
+	)
+}

internal/cli/flags.go

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package cli
+
+import (
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// ExpandCommaSeparatedValues takes a slice of strings and expands any comma-separated values into individual elements.
+func ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(values []string) []string {
+	if len(values) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var expanded []string
+	for _, value := range values {
+		for _, v := range strings.Split(value, ",") {
+			if v = strings.TrimSpace(v); v != "" {
+				expanded = append(expanded, v)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return expanded
+}
+
+// BindEnvToFlag assigns the value of an environment variable to the given command flag if the flag has not been set.
+func BindEnvToFlag(cmd *cobra.Command, flagName, envVar string) {
+	if value := os.Getenv(envVar); value != "" && !cmd.Flags().Changed(flagName) {
+		if err := cmd.Flags().Set(flagName, value); err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("Failed to bind environment variable '%s' to flag '%s': %v", envVar, flagName, err)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/cli/machine.go

@@ -4,11 +4,21 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
-	"uncloud/internal/sshexec"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/sshexec"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
 )
 
-// TODO: support pinning the script version to the CLI version.
-const installScriptURL = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psviderski/uncloud/refs/heads/main/scripts/install.sh"
+const (
+	// TODO: support pinning the script version to the CLI version.
+	installScriptURL = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psviderski/uncloud/refs/heads/main/scripts/install.sh"
+	rootUser         = "root"
+)
 
 type RemoteMachine struct {
 	User    string
@@ -17,26 +27,113 @@ type RemoteMachine struct {
 	KeyPath string
 }
 
+func installCmd(user string, version string) string {
+	sudoPrefix := ""
+	var env []string
+
+	// Add the SSH user (non-root) to the uncloud group to allow access to the Uncloud daemon unix socket.
+	if user != rootUser {
+		sudoPrefix = "sudo"
+		env = append(env, "UNCLOUD_GROUP_ADD_USER="+sshexec.Quote(user))
+	}
+	if version != "" {
+		env = append(env, "UNCLOUD_VERSION="+sshexec.Quote(version))
+	}
+
+	envCmd := strings.Join(env, " ")
+	curlBashCmd := fmt.Sprintf("curl -fsSL %s | %s %s bash", sshexec.Quote(installScriptURL), sudoPrefix, envCmd)
+
+	return curlBashCmd
+}
+
 // provisionMachine provisions the remote machine by downloading the Uncloud install script from GitHub and running it.
-func provisionMachine(ctx context.Context, exec sshexec.Executor) error {
+// If version is specified, it will be passed to the install script as UNCLOUD_VERSION environment variable.
+func provisionMachine(ctx context.Context, exec sshexec.Executor, version string) error {
 	user, err := exec.Run(ctx, "whoami")
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("run whoami: %w", err)
 	}
-	sudoPrefix, env := "", ""
-	if user != "root" {
-		sudoPrefix = "sudo"
-		// Add the SSH user (non-root) to the uncloud group to allow access to the Uncloud daemon unix socket.
-		env = "UNCLOUD_GROUP_ADD_USER=" + user
+
+	if user != rootUser {
+		// 'sudo -n' is not used because it fails with 'sudo: a password is required' when the user has no password
+		// in /etc/shadow even though it may have valid sudo access.
+		out, err := exec.Run(ctx, "sudo true")
+		if err != nil {
+			if strings.Contains(out, "password is required") {
+				return fmt.Errorf(
+					"user '%[1]s' requires a password for sudo, but Uncloud needs passwordless sudo or root access "+
+						"to install and configure the uncloudd daemon on the remote machine.\n\n"+
+						"Possible solutions:\n"+
+						"1. Use root user or a user with passwordless sudo instead.\n"+
+						"2. Configure passwordless sudo for the user '%[1]s' by running on the remote machine:\n"+
+						"   echo '%[1]s ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/%[1]s",
+					user)
+			}
+			return fmt.Errorf("sudo command failed for user '%s': %w. "+
+				"Please ensure the user has sudo privileges or use root user instead", user, err)
+		}
 	}
 
+	cmd := installCmd(user, version)
+
 	fmt.Println("Downloading Uncloud install script:", installScriptURL)
-	curlBashCmd := fmt.Sprintf(
-		"curl -fsSL %s | %s %s bash", sshexec.Quote(installScriptURL), sudoPrefix, sshexec.Quote(env),
-	)
-	cmd := sshexec.QuoteCommand("bash", "-c", "set -o pipefail; "+curlBashCmd)
+
+	cmd = sshexec.QuoteCommand("bash", "-c", "set -o pipefail; "+cmd)
 	if err = exec.Stream(ctx, cmd, os.Stdout, os.Stderr); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("download and run install script: %w", err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+func promptResetMachine(ctx context.Context, machineClient pb.MachineClient) error {
+	var confirm bool
+	form := huh.NewForm(
+		huh.NewGroup(
+			huh.NewConfirm().
+				Title(
+					"The remote machine is already initialised as a cluster member. Do you want to reset it first?\n" +
+						"This will:\n" +
+						"- Remove all service containers from the machine\n" +
+						"- Reset the machine to the uninitialised state",
+				).
+				Affirmative("Yes!").
+				Negative("No").
+				Value(&confirm),
+		),
+	).WithAccessible(true)
+	if err := form.Run(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("prompt user to confirm: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if !confirm {
+		return fmt.Errorf("remote machine is already initialised as a cluster member")
+	}
+
+	if _, err := machineClient.Reset(ctx, &pb.ResetRequest{}); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("reset remote machine: %w. You can also manually run 'uncloud-uninstall' "+
+			"on the remote machine to fully uninstall Uncloud from it", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("Resetting the remote machine...")
+	if err := waitMachineReady(ctx, machineClient, 1*time.Minute); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("wait for machine to be ready after reset: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// waitMachineReady waits for the machine to be ready to serve requests.
+func waitMachineReady(ctx context.Context, machineClient pb.MachineClient, timeout time.Duration) error {
+	boff := backoff.WithContext(backoff.NewExponentialBackOff(
+		backoff.WithMaxInterval(1*time.Second),
+		backoff.WithMaxElapsedTime(timeout),
+	), ctx)
+
+	inspect := func() error {
+		_, err := machineClient.Inspect(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("inspect machine: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	return backoff.Retry(inspect, boff)
+}

internal/cli/machine_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package cli
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestInstallCmd(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("root", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cmd := installCmd("root", "")
+		assert.NotContains(t, cmd, "sudo")
+		assert.NotContains(t, cmd, "UNCLOUD_GROUP_ADD_USER")
+	})
+
+	// Test with version
+	t.Run("root with version", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cmd := installCmd("root", "v1.2.3")
+		assert.NotContains(t, cmd, "sudo")
+		assert.NotContains(t, cmd, "UNCLOUD_GROUP_ADD_USER")
+		assert.Contains(t, cmd, "UNCLOUD_VERSION=v1.2.3")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("nonroot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cmd := installCmd("nonroot", "")
+		assert.Contains(t, cmd, "sudo")
+		assert.Contains(t, cmd, "UNCLOUD_GROUP_ADD_USER=nonroot")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("nonroot with version", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cmd := installCmd("nonroot", "v1.2.3")
+		assert.Contains(t, cmd, "sudo")
+		assert.Contains(t, cmd, "UNCLOUD_GROUP_ADD_USER=nonroot")
+		assert.Contains(t, cmd, "UNCLOUD_VERSION=v1.2.3")
+	})
+}

internal/cli/prompt.go

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package cli
+
+import (
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
+	"golang.org/x/term"
+)
+
+func Confirm() (bool, error) {
+	var confirmed bool
+	form := huh.NewForm(
+		huh.NewGroup(
+			huh.NewConfirm().
+				Title(
+					"Do you want to continue?",
+				).
+				Affirmative("Yes!").
+				Negative("No").
+				Value(&confirmed),
+		),
+	).WithAccessible(true)
+	if err := form.Run(); err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	return confirmed, nil
+}
+
+// IsStdinTerminal checks if the standard input is a terminal (TTY).
+func IsStdinTerminal() bool {
+	return term.IsTerminal(int(os.Stdin.Fd()))
+}
+
+// IsStdoutTerminal checks if the standard output is a terminal (TTY).
+func IsStdoutTerminal() bool {
+	return term.IsTerminal(int(os.Stdout.Fd()))
+}

internal/corrosion/client.go

@@ -5,14 +5,15 @@ import (
 	"crypto/tls"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
-	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
 	"log/slog"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/netip"
 	"net/url"
 	"time"
+
+	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
+	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
 )
 
 const (

internal/corrosion/subscribe.go

@@ -6,11 +6,12 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
 	"io"
 	"log/slog"
 	"net/http"
 	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
 )
 
 type ChangeType string

internal/daemon/daemon.go

@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@ package daemon
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	systemd "github.com/coreos/go-systemd/daemon"
 	"log/slog"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine"
+
+	systemd "github.com/coreos/go-systemd/daemon"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
 )
 
 type Daemon struct {

internal/daemon/token.go

@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/network"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/network"
 )
 
 // MachineToken returns the local machine's token that can be used for adding the machine to a cluster.
@@ -37,5 +38,5 @@ func MachineToken(dataDir string) (machine.Token, error) {
 	for i, ip := range ips {
 		endpoints[i] = netip.AddrPortFrom(ip, network.WireGuardPort)
 	}
-	return machine.NewToken(state.Network.PublicKey, endpoints), nil
+	return machine.NewToken(state.Network.PublicKey, publicIP, endpoints), nil
 }

internal/dns/api.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package dns
+
+const (
+	RecordTypeA    RecordType = "A"
+	RecordTypeAAAA RecordType = "AAAA"
+)
+
+type RecordType string
+
+type DomainResponse struct {
+	Name  string `json:"name,omitempty"`
+	Token string `json:"token,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type RecordRequest struct {
+	Name   string     `json:"name,omitempty"`
+	Type   RecordType `json:"type,omitempty"`
+	Values []string   `json:"values,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type RecordResponse struct {
+	RecordRequest
+	FQDN string `json:"fqdn,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type AuthErrorResponse struct {
+	Status  int           `json:"status,omitempty"`
+	Message string        `json:"msg,omitempty"`
+	Data    authErrorData `json:"data,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type authErrorData struct {
+	NoDomain bool `json:"noDomain,omitempty"`
+}

internal/dns/client.go

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+package dns
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net/http"
+)
+
+// The dns package code is based on https://github.com/acorn-io/runtime/blob/main/pkg/dns.
+
+// Client handles interactions with the Uncloud DNS API service.
+type Client interface {
+	// ReserveDomain calls Uncloud DNS to reserve a new domain. It returns the domain, a token for authentication,
+	// and an error.
+	ReserveDomain(endpoint string) (string, string, error)
+
+	// CreateRecords calls Uncloud DNS to create or update DNS records based on the supplied RecordRequests
+	// for the specified domain.
+	CreateRecords(endpoint, domain, token string, records []RecordRequest) ([]RecordResponse, error)
+}
+
+// ErrAuthNoDomain indicates that a request failed authentication because the domain was not found.
+// If encountered, a new domain needs to be reserved.
+var ErrAuthNoDomain = errors.New("the supplied domain failed authentication")
+
+// NewClient creates a new AcornDNS client
+func NewClient() Client {
+	return &client{
+		c: http.DefaultClient,
+	}
+}
+
+type client struct {
+	c *http.Client
+}
+
+func (c *client) ReserveDomain(endpoint string) (string, string, error) {
+	url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", endpoint, "domains")
+
+	req, err := c.request(http.MethodPost, url, nil, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+
+	resp := &DomainResponse{}
+	err = c.do(req, resp)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+
+	return resp.Name, resp.Token, nil
+}
+
+func (c *client) CreateRecords(endpoint, domain, token string, records []RecordRequest) ([]RecordResponse, error) {
+	url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/domains/%s/records", endpoint, domain)
+
+	var resp []RecordResponse
+	for _, recordRequest := range records {
+		body, err := jsonBody(recordRequest)
+		if err != nil {
+			return resp, err
+		}
+
+		req, err := c.request(http.MethodPost, url, body, token)
+		if err != nil {
+			return resp, err
+		}
+
+		var recordResp RecordResponse
+		if err = c.do(req, &recordResp); err != nil {
+			return resp, err
+		}
+		resp = append(resp, recordResp)
+	}
+
+	return resp, nil
+}
+
+func (c *client) request(method string, url string, body io.Reader, token string) (*http.Request, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(method, url, body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	req.Header.Add("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	if token != "" {
+		bearer := "Bearer " + token
+		req.Header.Add("Authorization", bearer)
+	}
+
+	return req, nil
+}
+
+func (c *client) do(req *http.Request, responseBody any) error {
+	slog.Debug("Making request to DNS service.", "method", req.Method, "url", req.URL)
+
+	resp, err := c.c.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	slog.Debug("Response code for request to DNS service.",
+		"method", req.Method, "url", req.URL, "code", resp.StatusCode)
+	// When err is nil, resp contains a non-nil resp.Body which must be closed.
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("read response body: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		var authError AuthErrorResponse
+
+		err = json.Unmarshal(body, &authError)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal auth error response: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		if authError.Data.NoDomain {
+			return ErrAuthNoDomain
+		}
+
+		return errors.New("authentication failed")
+	}
+
+	if code := resp.StatusCode; code < 200 || code > 300 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unexpected response status code: %d", code)
+	}
+
+	if responseBody != nil {
+		err = json.Unmarshal(body, responseBody)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal response body (%s): %w", string(body), err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func jsonBody(payload any) (io.Reader, error) {
+	buf := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	err := json.NewEncoder(buf).Encode(payload)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}

internal/docker/client.go

@@ -4,12 +4,17 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
 	"log/slog"
 	"time"
+
+	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
 )
 
+type Client struct {
+	*client.Client
+}
+
 // WaitDaemonReady waits for the Docker daemon to start and be ready to serve requests.
 func WaitDaemonReady(ctx context.Context, cli *client.Client) error {
 	// Retry to ping the Docker daemon until it's ready or the context is canceled.

internal/docker/container.go

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package docker
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/containerd/errdefs"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
+	"github.com/docker/go-connections/nat"
+)
+
+// CreateContainerWithImagePull creates a container. If the image is missing, it pulls the image first.
+func (cli *Client) CreateContainerWithImagePull(
+	ctx context.Context, name string, config *container.Config, hostConfig *container.HostConfig,
+) (container.CreateResponse, error) {
+	resp, err := cli.ContainerCreate(ctx, config, hostConfig, nil, nil, name)
+	if err == nil || !errdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
+		return resp, err
+	}
+
+	pullCh, err := cli.PullImage(ctx, config.Image, image.PullOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return resp, fmt.Errorf("pull image: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Drain the pull channel until it's closed (image is fully pulled) or an error occurs.
+	// If the context is canceled during the pull, the channel will receive a context cancellation error.
+	for msg := range pullCh {
+		if msg.Err != nil {
+			return resp, fmt.Errorf("pull image: %w", msg.Err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Create container again after image pull.
+	if resp, err = cli.ContainerCreate(ctx, config, hostConfig, nil, nil, name); err != nil {
+		return resp, err
+	}
+
+	return resp, nil
+}
+
+// WaitPortPublished waits for a container port to be published on the host which happens asynchronously.
+func (cli *Client) WaitPortPublished(ctx context.Context, containerID string, port nat.Port) ([]nat.PortBinding, error) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	for {
+		c, err := cli.ContainerInspect(ctx, containerID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("inspect container: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		binding, ok := c.NetworkSettings.Ports[port]
+		if ok && len(binding) > 0 {
+			return binding, nil
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case <-time.After(10 * time.Millisecond):
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			if errors.Is(ctx.Err(), context.DeadlineExceeded) {
+				return nil, errors.New("timeout")
+			}
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/docker/image.go

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+package docker
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+
+	dockercommand "github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
+	dockerconfig "github.com/docker/cli/cli/config"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/registry"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/jsonmessage"
+)
+
+type PullPushImageMessage struct {
+	Message jsonmessage.JSONMessage
+	Err     error
+}
+
+// PullImage pulls an image and returns a channel to receive progress messages.
+func (cli *Client) PullImage(
+	ctx context.Context, image string, opts image.PullOptions,
+) (<-chan PullPushImageMessage, error) {
+	if opts.RegistryAuth == "" {
+		// Try to retrieve the authentication token for the image from the default local Docker config file.
+		if encodedAuth, err := RetrieveLocalDockerRegistryAuth(image); err == nil {
+			opts.RegistryAuth = encodedAuth
+		}
+	}
+
+	respBody, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, image, opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	ch := make(chan PullPushImageMessage)
+	go processPullPushImageResp(ctx, respBody, ch)
+
+	return ch, nil
+}
+
+// PushImage pushes an image and returns a channel to receive progress messages.
+func (cli *Client) PushImage(
+	ctx context.Context, image string, opts image.PushOptions,
+) (<-chan PullPushImageMessage, error) {
+	if opts.RegistryAuth == "" {
+		// Try to retrieve the authentication token for the image from the default local Docker config file.
+		encodedAuth, _ := RetrieveLocalDockerRegistryAuth(image)
+		if encodedAuth == "" {
+			// If no credentials are found, provide an encoded empty auth config to work around the bug in Docker:
+			// https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/50729
+			var err error
+			if encodedAuth, err = registry.EncodeAuthConfig(registry.AuthConfig{}); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("encode empty auth config: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+		opts.RegistryAuth = encodedAuth
+	}
+
+	respBody, err := cli.ImagePush(ctx, image, opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	ch := make(chan PullPushImageMessage)
+	go processPullPushImageResp(ctx, respBody, ch)
+
+	return ch, nil
+}
+
+// processPullPushImageResp decodes JSON messages from the image pull/push response body and
+// sends them to the provided channel.
+func processPullPushImageResp(ctx context.Context, respBody io.ReadCloser, ch chan<- PullPushImageMessage) {
+	defer respBody.Close()
+	defer close(ch)
+
+	decoder := json.NewDecoder(respBody)
+	for {
+		var jm jsonmessage.JSONMessage
+		if err := decoder.Decode(&jm); err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
+				return
+			}
+			ch <- PullPushImageMessage{Err: fmt.Errorf("decode image pull/push message: %w", err)}
+			return
+		}
+
+		msg := PullPushImageMessage{Message: jm}
+		if jm.Error != nil {
+			msg.Err = errors.New(jm.Error.Message)
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			ch <- PullPushImageMessage{Err: ctx.Err()}
+			return
+		default:
+			ch <- msg
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// RetrieveLocalDockerRegistryAuth retrieves the authentication token for the specified image from the local Docker
+// config file. It returns the encoded authentication token if it contains any credentials, or an empty string if
+// no credentials are found.
+func RetrieveLocalDockerRegistryAuth(image string) (string, error) {
+	// Try to retrieve the authentication token for the image from the default local Docker config file.
+	dockerConfig := dockerconfig.LoadDefaultConfigFile(os.Stderr)
+	encodedAuth, err := dockercommand.RetrieveAuthTokenFromImage(dockerConfig, image)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	// The encodedAuth can be a base64-encoded "{}" (empty JSON object) or include a server address but no credentials.
+	// Return encodedAuth only if it contains any credentials.
+	auth, err := registry.DecodeAuthConfig(encodedAuth)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("decode auth config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if auth.Username == "" &&
+		auth.Password == "" &&
+		auth.Auth == "" &&
+		auth.IdentityToken == "" &&
+		auth.RegistryToken == "" {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+
+	return encodedAuth, nil
+}

internal/fs/fs.go

@@ -5,8 +5,23 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"os/user"
 	"strconv"
+	"strings"
 )
 
+func ExpandHomeDir(path string) string {
+	if len(path) == 0 {
+		return path
+	}
+	if path[0] == '~' {
+		home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+		if err != nil {
+			return path
+		}
+		return strings.Replace(path, "~", home, 1)
+	}
+	return path
+}
+
 // LookupUIDGID returns the user and group IDs for the given username.
 func LookupUIDGID(username string) (uid, gid int, err error) {
 	usr, err := user.Lookup(username)