chore: combine some e2e tests to reduce the number of ucind clusters hence used system resources

* chore: update gitignore
* fix: create AAAA DNS record for IPv6 machines"
* test: randomize execution order to prevent order-based bugs in tests

.github/workflows/go-tests.yml

@@ -36,11 +36,17 @@ jobs:
           git diff --exit-code ||
             (echo "go.mod or go.sum has changed. Please run 'go mod tidy' and commit the changes." && exit 1)
 
+      - name: Generate docs
+        run: |
+          make cli-docs
+          git diff --exit-code ||
+            (echo "Documentation is out of date. Please run 'make cli-docs' and commit the changes." && exit 1)
+
       - name: Run tests
         run: |
           make ucind-image
           make test
-    timeout-minutes: 10
+    timeout-minutes: 15
 
   check-protobuf:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}

.gitignore

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 *.dll
 *.so
 *.dylib
+/uncloud
+/uncloudd
 
 # OS X
 .DS_Store
@@ -37,3 +39,6 @@ node_modules/
 
 # VS Code
 .vscode
+.devcontainer/
+
+.zed/

.goreleaser.yaml

@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ builds:
     main: ./cmd/uncloud
     binary: uncloud
     env:
-      - CGO_ENABLED=0
+      # Use CGO to be able to build fsevent required by compose on macOS.
+      - CGO_ENABLED={{ if eq .Os "darwin" }}1{{ else }}0{{ end }}
     goos:
       - darwin
       - linux

AGENTS.md

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
-# AI.md - Uncloud Project Guide
+# AGENTS.md - Uncloud Project Guide
 
-This document provides comprehensive information about the Uncloud project for AI assistants to understand the codebase, architecture, and development practices.
+This document provides comprehensive information about the Uncloud project for AI assistants to understand the codebase,
+architecture, and development practices.
 
 ## Project Overview
 
-**Uncloud** is a lightweight clustering and container orchestration tool that enables deployment and management of web applications across cloud VMs and bare metal servers. It creates a secure WireGuard mesh network between Docker hosts and provides automatic service discovery, load balancing, HTTPS ingress, and simple CLI commands for application management.
+**Uncloud** is a lightweight clustering and container orchestration tool that enables deployment and management of web
+applications across cloud VMs and bare metal servers. It creates a secure WireGuard mesh network between Docker hosts
+and provides automatic service discovery, load balancing, HTTPS ingress, and simple CLI commands for application
+management.
 
 ### Key Characteristics
 
@@ -28,7 +32,7 @@ This document provides comprehensive information about the Uncloud project for A
 - **Docker Compose compatibility**: Uses familiar Docker Compose format
 - **Zero-downtime deployments**: Rolling updates without service interruption
 - **Automatic HTTPS**: Caddy reverse proxy with Let's Encrypt integration
-- **Managed DNS**: Free `*.cluster.uncloud.run` subdomains via Uncloud DNS service
+- **Managed DNS**: Free `*.xxxxxx.uncld.dev` subdomains via Uncloud DNS service
 - **Cross-machine scaling**: Run containers across multiple machines
 
 ### 🔧 Developer Experience
@@ -68,29 +72,29 @@ This document provides comprehensive information about the Uncloud project for A
 
 - **`cmd/`**: Contains main applications
 
-  - `uncloud/`: CLI tool with subcommands for machine, service, volume management
-  - `uncloudd/`: Daemon that runs on each machine
-  - `ucind/`: Development cluster management for testing
+    - `uncloud/`: CLI tool with subcommands for machine, service, volume management
+    - `uncloudd/`: Daemon that runs on each machine
+    - `ucind/`: Development cluster management for testing
 
 - **`internal/`**: Internal implementation packages
 
-  - `cli/`: Command-line interface logic
-  - `machine/`: Machine lifecycle and state management
-  - `daemon/`: Daemon implementation and gRPC services
-  - `dns/`: Internal DNS server for service discovery
+    - `cli/`: Command-line interface logic
+    - `machine/`: Machine lifecycle and state management
+    - `daemon/`: Daemon implementation and gRPC services
+    - `dns/`: Internal DNS server for service discovery
 
 - **`pkg/`**: Public API packages for external use
 
-  - `api/`: Core API types and definitions
-  - `client/`: Client libraries for interacting with Uncloud
+    - `api/`: Core API types and definitions
+    - `client/`: Client libraries for interacting with Uncloud
 
 - **`experiment/`**: Experimental features and prototypes
 - **`scripts/`**: Installation and utility scripts
 - **`test/`**: Test suites and test infrastructure
 - **`website/`**: Documentation website (Docusaurus)
 
-  - `landing/`: Landing page
-  - `docs/`: User documentation
+    - `landing/`: Landing page
+    - `docs/`: User documentation
 
 - **`misc/`**: Design documents and guides
 
@@ -100,25 +104,25 @@ This document provides comprehensive information about the Uncloud project for A
 
 ```go
 // Networking and orchestration
-github.com/docker/docker                   // Docker API client
-github.com/docker/compose/v2               // Docker Compose integration
-golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard                 // WireGuard implementation
-github.com/hashicorp/serf                  // Gossip protocol
+github.com/docker/docker // Docker API client
+github.com/docker/compose/v2 // Docker Compose integration
+golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard // WireGuard implementation
+github.com/hashicorp/serf // Gossip protocol
 
 // State management
-github.com/ipfs/go-ds-crdt                 // CRDT distributed storage
-github.com/dgraph-io/badger/v3             // Embedded database
+github.com/ipfs/go-ds-crdt // CRDT distributed storage
+github.com/dgraph-io/badger/v3 // Embedded database
 
 // Web proxy
-github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2            // HTTP server and reverse proxy
+github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2 // HTTP server and reverse proxy
 
 // CLI and UX
-github.com/spf13/cobra                     // CLI framework
-github.com/charmbracelet/huh               // Interactive forms
+github.com/spf13/cobra // CLI framework
+github.com/charmbracelet/huh // Interactive forms
 
 // gRPC and networking
 google.golang.org/grpc                     // gRPC framework
-github.com/siderolabs/grpc-proxy           // gRPC proxy for forwarding
+github.com/siderolabs/grpc-proxy // gRPC proxy for forwarding
 ```
 
 ## Development Workflow
@@ -189,9 +193,9 @@ uc context use <name>           # Switch context
 ### Testing
 
 - Test files and locations
-  - Unit tests alongside source files (`*_test.go`)
-  - Integration tests in `test/e2e/`
-  - Test fixtures in `test/fixtures/`
+    - Unit tests alongside source files (`*_test.go`)
+    - Integration tests in `test/e2e/`
+    - Test fixtures in `test/fixtures/`
 - Use table driven tests whenever possible
 
 ### Dependencies
@@ -225,8 +229,8 @@ uc context use <name>           # Switch context
 ### Logs and Monitoring
 
 - Systemd services (getting logs via `journalctl -u SERVICE_NAME`)
-  - `uncloud` -- Uncloud daemon
-  - `uncloud-corrosion` -- Corrosion process
+    - `uncloud` -- Uncloud daemon
+    - `uncloud-corrosion` -- Corrosion process
 - Machine daemon logs
 - Container logs via Docker
 
@@ -247,7 +251,8 @@ uc context use <name>           # Switch context
 - `Makefile`: Build and development tasks
 - `Dockerfile`: Container build instructions forUncloud-in-Docker (used for testing)
 
-This document should help AI assistants understand the project structure, make informed suggestions, and contribute effectively to the Uncloud codebase.
+This document should help AI assistants understand the project structure, make informed suggestions, and contribute
+effectively to the Uncloud codebase.
 
 ## Documentation
 
@@ -255,4 +260,6 @@ Instructions when generating documentation:
 
 - Use conversational language – write as if you were speaking to a friend.
 - Keep sentences simple, optimize for clarity and understanding.
-- Place the subject before the action whenever possible. Example: prefer “The function loads data” over “Data is loaded by the function.”
+- Do not use em dashes (—) or semicolons (;) in sentences. Instead, break complex sentences into simpler ones.
+- Place the subject before the action whenever possible. Example: prefer "The function loads data" over "Data is loaded
+  by the function."

CLAUDE.md

@@ -1 +1 @@
-./AI.md
+./AGENTS.md

Dockerfile

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ COPY go.mod go.sum ./
 RUN go mod download && go mod verify
 
 COPY . .
-RUN GOOS=${TARGETOS} GOARCH=${TARGETARCH} go build -o uncloudd cmd/uncloudd/main.go
+RUN GOOS=${TARGETOS} GOARCH=${TARGETARCH} go build -o uncloudd ./cmd/uncloudd
 
 
 FROM alpine:${ALPINE_VERSION} AS corrosion-download

Makefile

@@ -73,14 +73,14 @@ mocks:
 .PHONY: test
 test:
 ifeq ($(TEST_NAME),)
-	go test -count=1 -v ./...
+	go test -shuffle=on -count=1 -v ./...
 else
-	go test -race -count=1 -v -run ^$(TEST_NAME)$$ ./...
+	go test -shuffle=on -race -count=1 -v -run ^$(TEST_NAME)$$ ./...
 endif
 
 .PHONY: test-e2e
 test-e2e:
-	go test -race -count=1 -v ./test/e2e
+	go test -shuffle=on -race -count=1 -v ./test/e2e
 
 .PHONY: test-clean
 test-clean:

README.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <div align="center">
-  <img src="./website/landing/images/logo.svg" height="100" width="100" alt="Uncloud logo"/>
-  <h1>Uncloud</h1>
-  <p><strong>Docker simplicity. Multi-machine power.</strong></p>
+  <img src="./website/landing/images/logo-title.svg#gh-light-mode-only" alt="Uncloud logo"/>
+  <img src="./website/landing/images/logo-title-dark.svg#gh-dark-mode-only" alt="Uncloud logo"/>
+  <p><strong>▸ Deploy and scale containerised apps across servers without Swarm or Kubernetes overhead ◂</strong></p>
 
   <p>
     <a href="https://uncloud.run/docs"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Docs-blue.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=gitbook&logoColor=white" alt="Documentation"></a>
@@ -25,12 +25,14 @@ complexity of Kubernetes.
 
 ## ✨ Features
 
-* **Deploy anywhere**: Combine cloud VMs, dedicated servers, and bare metal into a unified computing environment —
+* **Deploy anywhere**: Combine cloud VMs, dedicated servers, and bare metal into a unified computing environment,
   regardless of location or provider.
 * **Docker Compose**: Familiar [Docker Compose](https://compose-spec.io/) format for defining services and volumes. No
   need to learn a new bespoke DSL.
 * **Zero-downtime deployments**: Rolling updates without service interruption. Automatic rollback on failure is coming
   soon.
+* **[Unregistry](https://github.com/psviderski/unregistry) integration**: Build and push your Docker images directly to
+  your machines without an external registry. It will transfer only the missing layers, making it fast and efficient.
 * **Service discovery**: Built-in DNS server resolves service names to container IPs.
 * **Persistent storage**: Run stateful services with Docker volumes managed across machines.
 * **Zero-config private network**: Automatic WireGuard mesh with peer discovery and NAT traversal. Containers get unique
@@ -38,18 +40,13 @@ complexity of Kubernetes.
 * **No control plane**: Fully decentralised design eliminates single points of failure and reduces operational overhead.
 * **Imperative over declarative**: Favoring imperative operations over state reconciliation simplifies both the mental
   model and troubleshooting.
-* **Managed DNS**: Automatic DNS records `*.<id>.cluster.uncloud.run` for services with public access via managed
+* **Managed DNS**: Automatic DNS records `*.xxxxxx.uncld.dev` for services with public access via managed
   [Uncloud DNS](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud-dns) service.
 * **Automatic HTTPS**: Built-in Caddy reverse proxy handles TLS certificate provisioning and renewal using Let's
   Encrypt.
 * **Docker-like CLI**: Familiar commands for managing both infrastructure and applications.
 * **Remote management**: Control your entire infrastructure through SSH access to any single machine in the cluster.
 
-### 🚀 Coming soon
-
-* **[Unregistry](https://github.com/psviderski/unregistry) integration**: Push your Docker images directly to your
-  machines without an external registry. It will transfer only the missing layers, making it fast and efficient.
-
 ## 🎬 Quick demo
 
 The screenshot below demonstrates how I use Uncloud to deploy https://uncloud.run website to 2 remote machines from
@@ -64,9 +61,15 @@ Here is a more advanced use case. Deploy a highly available web app with automat
 on-premises in just a couple minutes.
 
 <a href="https://uncloud.wistia.com/medias/k47uwt9uau?wvideo=k47uwt9uau">
-<img src="https://embed-ssl.wistia.com/deliveries/3cf7014a48b93afc556444bed3e39a8c.jpg?image_crop_resized=900x526&image_play_button_rounded=true&image_play_button_size=2x&image_play_button_color=18181Be0" alt="Uncloud demo" width="450" height="263" />
+<img src="https://embed-ssl.wistia.com/deliveries/4fb71ea442905b81b1ad4e25fc02132e.jpg?image_crop_resized=900x526&image_play_button_rounded=true&image_play_button_size=2x&image_play_button_color=18181Be0" alt="Uncloud demo" width="450" height="263" />
 </a>
 
+<br>
+<br>
+
+> **📚 Want more examples?** Check out the [**uncloud-recipes**](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud-recipes)
+> repository for community recipes and templates for deploying popular services on Uncloud.
+
 ## 💫 Why Uncloud?
 
 Modern cloud platforms like Heroku and Render offer amazing developer experiences but at a premium price. Traditional
@@ -278,6 +281,16 @@ using the CLI or directly over SSH. They all have the complete cluster state and
 machine is a full backup of your control plane.
 </details>
 
+## 🧪 Interactive tutorials
+
+To give you a chance to play with Uncloud without even leaving your browser, we're providing interactive tutorials and playgrounds on the [iximiuz Labs](https://labs.iximiuz.com/) platform.
+
+Available tutorials:
+
+1. [Setting up a new Uncloud cluster](https://labs.iximiuz.com/tutorials/uncloud-create-cluster-ebebf72b) - the tutorial walks you through creating a new cluster with two machines and then deploying a simple web service to it.
+
+You can also launch the [Uncloud playground](https://labs.iximiuz.com/playgrounds/uncloud-cluster-64523f7c) where you can play with an already initialized Uncloud cluster.
+
 ## 🏗 Project status
 
 Uncloud is currently in active development and is **not ready for production use**. Features may change significantly
@@ -334,6 +347,10 @@ These companies and projects are helping Uncloud with their generous sponsorship
 
 ## ❤️ Contributors
 
+<a href="https://trendshift.io/repositories/14069">
+    <img alt="Trendshift" src="https://trendshift.io/api/badge/repositories/14069" />
+</a>
+
 Thank you [@cedws](https://github.com/cedws) for being the first contributor to Uncloud! 🎉
 
 <a href="https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/graphs/contributors">

cmd/uncloud/build.go

@@ -10,68 +10,102 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-// NewBuildCommand creates a new command to build services from a Compose file.
+type buildOptions struct {
+	cli.BuildServicesOptions
+	files    []string
+	profiles []string
+}
+
+// NewBuildCommand creates a new command to build images for services from a Compose file.
 func NewBuildCommand() *cobra.Command {
-	opts := cli.BuildOptions{}
+	opts := buildOptions{}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "build [FLAGS] [SERVICE...]",
 		Short: "Build services from a Compose file.",
+		Long: `Build images for services from a Compose file using local Docker.
+
+By default, built images remain on the local Docker host. Use --push to upload them
+to cluster machines or --push-registry to upload them to external registries.`,
+		Example: `  # Build all services that have a build section in compose.yaml.
+  uc build
+
+  # Build specific services that have a build section.
+  uc build web api
+
+  # Build services and push images to all cluster machines or service x-machines if specified.
+  uc build --push
+
+  # Build services and push images to specific machines.
+  uc build --push -m machine1,machine2
+
+  # Build services and push images to external registries (e.g., Docker Hub).
+  uc build --push-registry
+
+  # Build services with build arguments, pull newer base images before building, and don't use cache.
+  uc build --build-arg NODE_VERSION=24 --build-arg ENV=production --no-cache --pull`,
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
-
-			if len(args) > 0 {
-				opts.Services = args
-			}
+			opts.Services = args
 
 			return runBuild(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
 		},
+		GroupID: "service",
 	}
 
-	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.Files, "file", "f", nil,
-		"One or more Compose files to build (default compose.yaml)")
-	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.Profiles, "profile", "p", nil,
+	cmd.Flags().StringArrayVar(&opts.BuildArgs, "build-arg", nil,
+		"Set a build-time variable for services. Used in Dockerfiles that declare the variable with ARG.\n"+
+			"Can be specified multiple times. Format: --build-arg VAR=VALUE")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.Check, "check", false,
+		"Check the build configuration for services without building them.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.Deps, "deps", false,
+		"Also build services declared as dependencies of the selected services.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.files, "file", "f", nil,
+		"One or more Compose files to build. (default compose.yaml)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.Machines, "machine", "m", nil,
+		"Machine names or IDs to push the built images to (requires --push).\n"+
+			"Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated list. (default is all machines or x-machines)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.NoCache, "no-cache", false,
+		"Do not use cache when building images.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.profiles, "profile", "p", nil,
 		"One or more Compose profiles to enable.")
-	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.Push, "push", "P", false,
-		"Push built images to the registry after building. (default false)")
-	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.NoCache, "no-cache", "n", false,
-		"Do not use cache when building images. (default false)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.Pull, "pull", false,
+		"Always attempt to pull newer versions of base images before building.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.PushCluster, "push", false,
+		"Upload the built images to cluster machines after building.\n"+
+			"Use --machine to specify which machines. (default is all machines)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.PushRegistry, "push-registry", false,
+		"Upload the built images to external registries (e.g., Docker Hub) after building.")
 
 	return cmd
 }
 
-// TODO: deduplicate with a similar functino for deploy options
-// projectOpts returns the project options for the Compose file(s).
-func projectOptsFromBuildOpts(opts cli.BuildOptions) []composecli.ProjectOptionsFn {
-	projectOpts := []composecli.ProjectOptionsFn{}
-
-	if len(opts.Profiles) > 0 {
-		projectOpts = append(projectOpts, composecli.WithDefaultProfiles(opts.Profiles...))
+// runBuild parses the Compose file(s) and builds the images for selected services.
+func runBuild(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts buildOptions) error {
+	// Validate push flags.
+	if opts.PushCluster && opts.PushRegistry {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot specify both --push and --push-registry: choose one push target")
 	}
 
-	return projectOpts
-}
+	machines := cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.Machines)
+	// Special handling for an explicit "all" keyword to push to all machines.
+	if len(machines) == 1 && machines[0] == "all" {
+		machines = nil
+	}
+	opts.Machines = machines
 
-// runBuild parses the Compose file(s), builds the services, and pushes them if requested.
-func runBuild(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts cli.BuildOptions) error {
-	projectOpts := projectOptsFromBuildOpts(opts)
-	project, err := compose.LoadProject(ctx, opts.Files, projectOpts...)
+	project, err := compose.LoadProject(ctx, opts.files, composecli.WithDefaultProfiles(opts.profiles...))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("load compose file(s): %w", err)
 	}
 
-	if len(opts.Services) > 0 {
-		project, err = project.WithSelectedServices(opts.Services)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("select services: %w", err)
-		}
+	servicesToBuild, err := cli.ServicesThatNeedBuild(project, opts.Services, opts.Deps)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("determine services to build: %w", err)
 	}
-
-	servicesToBuild := cli.GetServicesThatNeedBuild(project)
-
 	if len(servicesToBuild) == 0 {
 		fmt.Println("No services to build.")
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	return cli.BuildServices(ctx, servicesToBuild, opts)
+	return uncli.BuildServices(ctx, project, opts.BuildServicesOptions)
 }

cmd/uncloud/caddy/config.go

@@ -7,14 +7,12 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2/quick"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
-	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 type configOptions struct {
 	machine string
 	noColor bool
-	context string
 }
 
 func NewConfigCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -34,16 +32,12 @@ func NewConfigCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		"Name or ID of the machine to get the configuration from. (default is connected machine)")
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.noColor, "no-color", false,
 		"Disable syntax highlighting for the output.")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
-	)
 
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func runConfig(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts configOptions) error {
-	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -51,7 +45,7 @@ func runConfig(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts configOptions) error {
 
 	if opts.machine != "" {
 		// If a specific machine is requested, use it to get the Caddy configuration.
-		ctx, _, err = api.ProxyMachinesContext(ctx, clusterClient, []string{opts.machine})
+		ctx, _, err = clusterClient.ProxyMachinesContext(ctx, []string{opts.machine})
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}

cmd/uncloud/caddy/deploy.go

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ type deployOptions struct {
 	caddyfile string
 	image     string
 	machines  []string
-	context   string
 }
 
 func NewDeployCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -44,12 +43,8 @@ func NewDeployCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.image, "image", "",
 		"Caddy Docker image to deploy. (default caddy:LATEST_VERSION)")
 	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
-		"Machine names to deploy to. Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated "+
-			"list of machine names. (default is all machines)")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context to deploy to. (default is the current context)",
-	)
+		"Machine names or IDs to deploy to. Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated "+
+			"list. (default is all machines)")
 
 	return cmd
 }
@@ -64,7 +59,7 @@ func runDeploy(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts deployOptions) error {
 		caddyfile = strings.TrimSpace(string(data))
 	}
 
-	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/context/connection.go

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package context
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewConnectionCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "connection",
+		Aliases: []string{"conn"},
+		Short:   "Choose a new default connection for the current context.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return selectConnection(uncli)
+		},
+	}
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func selectConnection(uncli *cli.CLI) error {
+	if uncli.Config == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connection management is not available: Uncloud configuration file is not being used")
+	}
+	if len(uncli.Config.Contexts) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no contexts found in Uncloud config (%s)", uncli.Config.Path())
+	}
+
+	currentCtxName := uncli.Config.CurrentContext
+	currentCtx, ok := uncli.Config.Contexts[currentCtxName]
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("current context '%s' not found", currentCtxName)
+	}
+
+	if len(currentCtx.Connections) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no connections found in context '%s'", currentCtxName)
+	}
+
+	var selectedConnection int
+	form := huh.NewForm(
+		huh.NewGroup(
+			huh.NewSelect[int]().
+				Title("Select a default connection").
+				Options(buildConnectionOptions(currentCtx.Connections)...).
+				Value(&selectedConnection),
+		),
+	)
+	if err := form.Run(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("select connection: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	currentCtx.SetDefaultConnection(selectedConnection)
+	selected := currentCtx.Connections[0]
+
+	if err := uncli.Config.Save(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("save config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Default connection for context '%s' is now '%s'.\n", currentCtxName, selected.String())
+	return nil
+}
+
+func buildConnectionOptions(connections []config.MachineConnection) []huh.Option[int] {
+	options := make([]huh.Option[int], len(connections))
+	for i, conn := range connections {
+		key := conn.String()
+		opt := huh.NewOption(key, i)
+		if i == 0 {
+			opt.Key += " (default)"
+			opt = opt.Selected(true)
+		}
+		options[i] = opt
+	}
+	return options
+}

cmd/uncloud/context/root.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd.AddCommand(
 		NewListCommand(),
 		NewUseCommand(),
+		NewConnectionCommand(),
 	)
 
 	return cmd

cmd/uncloud/deploy.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
 	composecli "github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/cli"
 	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
@@ -13,18 +14,20 @@ import (
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/compose"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/deploy"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/deploy/operation"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 type deployOptions struct {
-	files    []string
-	profiles []string
-	services []string
-	noBuild  bool
-	recreate bool
-	yes      bool
+	cli.BuildServicesOptions
 
-	context string
+	files      []string
+	profiles   []string
+	services   []string
+	noBuild    bool
+	recreate   bool
+	skipHealth bool
+	yes        bool
 }
 
 // NewDeployCommand creates a new command to deploy services from a Compose file.
@@ -37,25 +40,32 @@ func NewDeployCommand() *cobra.Command {
 			cli.BindEnvToFlag(cmd, "yes", "UNCLOUD_AUTO_CONFIRM")
 
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
-
-			if len(args) > 0 {
-				opts.services = args
-			}
+			opts.services = args
 
 			return runDeploy(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
 		},
+		GroupID: "service",
 	}
 
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context to deploy to (default is the current context)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringArrayVar(&opts.BuildServicesOptions.BuildArgs, "build-arg", nil,
+		"Set a build-time variable for services. Used in Dockerfiles that declare the variable with ARG.\n"+
+			"Can be specified multiple times. Format: --build-arg VAR=VALUE")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.BuildServicesOptions.Pull, "build-pull", false,
+		"Always attempt to pull newer versions of base images before building service images.")
 	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.files, "file", "f", nil,
 		"One or more Compose files to deploy services from. (default compose.yaml)")
-	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.noBuild, "no-build", "n", false,
-		"Do not build images before deploying services. (default false)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.noBuild, "no-build", false,
+		"Do not build new images before deploying services.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.BuildServicesOptions.NoCache, "no-cache", false,
+		"Do not use cache when building images.")
 	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.profiles, "profile", "p", nil,
 		"One or more Compose profiles to enable.")
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.recreate, "recreate", false,
 		"Recreate containers even if their configuration and image haven't changed.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.skipHealth, "skip-health", false,
+		"Skip the monitoring period and health checks after starting new containers. Useful for faster emergency "+
+			"deployments.\n"+
+			"Warning: This may cause downtime if new containers fail to start properly.")
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.yes, "yes", "y", false,
 		"Auto-confirm deployment plan. Should be explicitly set when running non-interactively,\n"+
 			"e.g., in CI/CD pipelines. [$UNCLOUD_AUTO_CONFIRM]")
@@ -66,22 +76,9 @@ func NewDeployCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	return cmd
 }
 
-// projectOpts returns the project options for the Compose file(s).
-func projectOpts(opts deployOptions) []composecli.ProjectOptionsFn {
-	projectOpts := []composecli.ProjectOptionsFn{}
-
-	if len(opts.profiles) > 0 {
-		projectOpts = append(projectOpts, composecli.WithDefaultProfiles(opts.profiles...))
-	}
-
-	return projectOpts
-}
-
 // runDeploy parses the Compose file(s) and deploys the services.
 func runDeploy(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts deployOptions) error {
-	projectOpts := projectOpts(opts)
-
-	project, err := compose.LoadProject(ctx, opts.files, projectOpts...)
+	project, err := compose.LoadProject(ctx, opts.files, composecli.WithDefaultProfiles(opts.profiles...))
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("load compose file(s): %w", err)
 	}
@@ -94,32 +91,72 @@ func runDeploy(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts deployOptions) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	servicesToBuild := cli.GetServicesThatNeedBuild(project)
+	servicesToBuild, err := cli.ServicesThatNeedBuild(project, opts.services, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("determine services to build: %w", err)
+	}
 
 	if len(servicesToBuild) > 0 {
 		if opts.noBuild {
 			fmt.Println("Not building services as requested.")
 		} else {
-			buildOpts := cli.BuildOptions{
-				Push:    true,
-				NoCache: false,
-			}
+			// Build service images without pushing them to cluster yet to not connect to the cluster twice.
+			opts.BuildServicesOptions.Deps = true // build dependencies as deploy includes them by default
+			opts.BuildServicesOptions.Services = opts.services
 
-			if err := cli.BuildServices(ctx, servicesToBuild, buildOpts); err != nil {
+			if err = uncli.BuildServices(ctx, project, opts.BuildServicesOptions); err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("build services: %w", err)
 			}
 		}
+		fmt.Println()
 	}
 
-	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}
 	defer clusterClient.Close()
 
-	var strategy deploy.Strategy
-	if opts.recreate {
-		strategy = &deploy.RollingStrategy{ForceRecreate: true}
+	if len(servicesToBuild) > 0 && !opts.noBuild {
+		// Push built service images to cluster machines one at a time.
+		var errs []error
+		for _, s := range servicesToBuild {
+			if s.Image == "" {
+				// Skip services without an image name (shouldn't happen for services with build config).
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// Push to the specified x-machines or to *all* cluster machines if not specified.
+			var pushOpts client.PushImageOptions
+			if machines, ok := s.Extensions[compose.MachinesExtensionKey].(compose.MachinesSource); ok {
+				pushOpts.Machines = machines
+			}
+			if len(pushOpts.Machines) == 0 {
+				pushOpts.AllMachines = true
+			}
+
+			boldStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true)
+			err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+				if err = clusterClient.PushImage(ctx, s.Image, pushOpts); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("push image '%s' for service '%s': %w", s.Image, s.Name, err)
+				}
+				return nil
+			}, uncli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Pushing image %s to cluster", boldStyle.Render(s.Image)))
+			// Collect errors to try pushing all images.
+			if err != nil {
+				errs = append(errs, err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		if err = errors.Join(errs...); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		fmt.Println()
+	}
+
+	strategy := &deploy.RollingStrategy{
+		ForceRecreate:     opts.recreate,
+		SkipHealthMonitor: opts.skipHealth,
 	}
 	composeDeploy, err := compose.NewDeploymentWithStrategy(ctx, clusterClient, project, strategy)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -136,7 +173,7 @@ func runDeploy(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts deployOptions) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	fmt.Println("Deployment plan:")
+	fmt.Println(lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true).Render("Deployment plan"))
 	if err = printPlan(ctx, clusterClient, plan); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("print deployment plan: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -167,7 +204,7 @@ func runDeploy(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts deployOptions) error {
 	}, uncli.ProgressOut(), "Deploying services")
 }
 
-func printPlan(ctx context.Context, cli *client.Client, plan deploy.SequenceOperation) error {
+func printPlan(ctx context.Context, cli *client.Client, plan operation.SequenceOperation) error {
 	for _, op := range plan.Operations {
 		svcPlan, ok := op.(*deploy.Plan)
 		if !ok {

cmd/uncloud/dns/release.go

@@ -12,32 +12,21 @@ import (
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
 )
 
-type releaseOptions struct {
-	context string
-}
-
 func NewReleaseCommand() *cobra.Command {
-	opts := releaseOptions{}
-
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "release",
 		Short: "Release the reserved cluster domain.",
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
-			return release(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+			return release(cmd.Context(), uncli)
 		},
 	}
 
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
-	)
-
 	return cmd
 }
 
-func release(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts releaseOptions) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+func release(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/dns/reserve.go

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ const DefaultUncloudDNSAPIEndpoint = "https://dns.uncloud.run/v1"
 
 type reserveOptions struct {
 	endpoint string
-	context  string
 }
 
 func NewReserveCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -36,16 +35,12 @@ func NewReserveCommand() *cobra.Command {
 
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.endpoint, "endpoint", DefaultUncloudDNSAPIEndpoint,
 		"API endpoint for the Uncloud DNS service.")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
-	)
 
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func reserve(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts reserveOptions) error {
-	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/dns/root.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		Use:   "dns",
 		Short: "Manage cluster domain in Uncloud DNS.",
 		Long: "Manage cluster domain in Uncloud DNS.\n" +
-			"DNS commands allow you to reserve or release a unique '<id>.cluster.uncloud.run' domain for your " +
+			"DNS commands allow you to reserve or release a unique 'xxxxxx.uncld.dev' domain for your " +
 			"cluster. When reserved, Caddy service deployments will automatically update DNS records to route " +
 			"traffic to the services in the cluster.",
 	}

cmd/uncloud/dns/show.go

@@ -10,32 +10,21 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-type showOptions struct {
-	context string
-}
-
 func NewShowCommand() *cobra.Command {
-	opts := showOptions{}
-
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "show",
 		Short: "Print the cluster domain name.",
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
-			return show(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+			return show(cmd.Context(), uncli)
 		},
 	}
 
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
-	)
-
 	return cmd
 }
 
-func show(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts showOptions) error {
-	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+func show(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI) error {
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/image/ls.go

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import (
 type listOptions struct {
 	machines   []string
 	nameFilter string
-	context    string
 }
 
 func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -60,10 +59,6 @@ func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
 		"Filter images by machine name or ID. Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated list. "+
 			"(default is include all machines)")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
-	)
 
 	return cmd
 }
@@ -82,7 +77,7 @@ type imageRow struct {
 }
 
 func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts listOptions) error {
-	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/image/push.go

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import (
 type pushOptions struct {
 	image    string
 	machines []string
-	context  string
 	platform string
 }
 
@@ -25,8 +24,8 @@ func NewPushCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		Use:   "push IMAGE",
 		Short: "Upload a local Docker image to the cluster.",
 		Long: `Upload a local Docker image to the cluster transferring only the missing layers.
-The image is uploaded to the machine which CLI is connected to (default) or the specified machine(s).`,
-		Example: `  # Push image to the machine the CLI is connected to.
+The image is uploaded to all cluster machines (default) or the specified machine(s).`,
+		Example: `  # Push image to all machines in the cluster.
   uc image push myapp:latest
 
   # Push image to specific machine.
@@ -35,9 +34,6 @@ The image is uploaded to the machine which CLI is connected to (default) or the
   # Push image to multiple machines.
   uc image push myapp:latest -m machine1,machine2,machine3
 
-  # Push image to all machines in the cluster.
-  uc image push myapp:latest -m all
-
   # Push a specific platform of a multi-platform image.
   uc image push myapp:latest --platform linux/amd64`,
 		Args: cobra.ExactArgs(1),
@@ -50,24 +46,19 @@ The image is uploaded to the machine which CLI is connected to (default) or the
 	}
 
 	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
-		"Machine names to push the image to. Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated "+
-			"list of machine names.\n"+
-			"Use 'all' to push to all machines. (default is connected machine)")
+		"Machine names or IDs to push the image to. Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated list. "+
+			"(default is all machines)")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
 		&opts.platform, "platform", "",
 		"Push a specific platform of a multi-platform image (e.g., linux/amd64, linux/arm64).\n"+
 			"Local Docker must be configured to use containerd image store to support multi-platform images.",
 	)
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
-	)
 
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func push(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts pushOptions) error {
-	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -76,11 +67,14 @@ func push(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts pushOptions) error {
 	machines := cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.machines)
 	pushOpts := client.PushImageOptions{}
 
-	// Special handling for "all" keyword to push to all machines.
+	// Special handling for an explicit "all" keyword to push to all machines.
 	if len(machines) == 1 && machines[0] == "all" {
 		pushOpts.AllMachines = true
-	} else {
+	} else if len(machines) > 0 {
 		pushOpts.Machines = machines
+	} else {
+		// Default is to push to all machines in the cluster.
+		pushOpts.AllMachines = true
 	}
 
 	if opts.platform != "" {

cmd/uncloud/machine/add.go

@@ -5,28 +5,30 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/netip"
+	"strings"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh/spinner"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
 	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/caddy"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/network"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
-	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 )
 
 type addOptions struct {
-	name      string
-	noCaddy   bool
-	noInstall bool
-	publicIP  string
-	sshKey    string
-	context   string
-	version   string
+	name        string
+	noCaddy     bool
+	noInstall   bool
+	publicIP    string
+	sshKey      string
+	version     string
+	wgEndpoints []string
+	yes         bool
 }
 
 func NewAddCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -34,19 +36,33 @@ func NewAddCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "add [USER@]HOST[:PORT]",
 		Short: "Add a remote machine to a cluster.",
-		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		Long: `Add a new machine to an existing Uncloud cluster.
+
+Connection methods:
+  ssh://user@host       - Use built-in SSH library (default, no prefix required)
+  ssh+cli://user@host   - Use system SSH command (supports ProxyJump, SSH config)`,
+		Args: cobra.ExactArgs(1),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			cli.BindEnvToFlag(cmd, "yes", "UNCLOUD_AUTO_CONFIRM")
+
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
 
-			user, host, port, err := config.SSHDestination(args[0]).Parse()
+			// Determine if SSH CLI needs to be used and strip scheme
+			destination := args[0]
+			useSSHCLI := strings.HasPrefix(destination, "ssh+cli://")
+			destination = strings.TrimPrefix(destination, "ssh+cli://")
+			destination = strings.TrimPrefix(destination, "ssh://")
+
+			user, host, port, err := config.SSHDestination(destination).Parse()
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("parse remote machine: %w", err)
 			}
 			remoteMachine := &cli.RemoteMachine{
-				User:    user,
-				Host:    host,
-				Port:    port,
-				KeyPath: opts.sshKey,
+				User:      user,
+				Host:      host,
+				Port:      port,
+				KeyPath:   opts.sshKey,
+				UseSSHCLI: useSSHCLI,
 			}
 
 			return add(cmd.Context(), uncli, remoteMachine, opts)
@@ -76,10 +92,17 @@ func NewAddCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		&opts.version, "version", "latest",
 		"Version of the Uncloud daemon to install on the machine.",
 	)
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context to add the machine to. (default is the current context)",
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVar(
+		&opts.wgEndpoints, "wg-endpoint", nil,
+		fmt.Sprintf("WireGuard endpoint address in format: IP, IP:PORT, IPv6, or [IPv6]:PORT. "+
+			"Default port %d is used if omitted.\n", network.WireGuardPort)+
+			"Other machines in the cluster will use this endpoint to establish a WireGuard connection to this machine.\n"+
+			"Multiple endpoints can be specified by repeating the flag or using a comma-separated list.\n"+
+			"If not specified, the machine's routable IPs and public IP are auto-detected and used as endpoints.",
 	)
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.yes, "yes", "y", false,
+		"Auto-confirm prompts (e.g., resetting an already initialised machine).\n"+
+			"Should be explicitly set when running non-interactively, e.g., in CI/CD pipelines. [$UNCLOUD_AUTO_CONFIRM]")
 
 	return cmd
 }
@@ -99,14 +122,24 @@ func add(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, remoteMachine *cli.RemoteMachine,
 		publicIP = &ip
 	}
 
-	clusterClient, machineClient, err := uncli.AddMachine(ctx, cli.AddMachineOptions{
-		Context:       opts.context,
+	addOpts := cli.AddMachineOptions{
 		MachineName:   opts.name,
 		PublicIP:      publicIP,
 		RemoteMachine: remoteMachine,
 		SkipInstall:   opts.noInstall,
 		Version:       opts.version,
-	})
+		AutoConfirm:   opts.yes,
+	}
+	if len(opts.wgEndpoints) > 0 {
+		expanded := cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.wgEndpoints)
+		endpoints, err := cli.ParseWireGuardEndpoints(expanded)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parse WireGuard endpoint (--wg-endpoint): %w", err)
+		}
+		addOpts.WireguardEndpoints = endpoints
+	}
+
+	clusterClient, machineClient, err := uncli.AddMachine(ctx, addOpts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -117,79 +150,97 @@ func add(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, remoteMachine *cli.RemoteMachine,
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	// Wait for the cluster to be initialised to be able to deploy the Caddy service.
-	fmt.Println("Waiting for the machine to be ready...")
-	fmt.Println()
-	if err = waitClusterInitialised(ctx, machineClient); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("wait for cluster to be initialised on machine: %w", err)
+	// Wait for the cluster to be initialised on the machine to be able to deploy the Caddy service.
+	err = spinner.New().
+		Title(" Waiting for the machine to join the cluster...").
+		Type(spinner.MiniDot).
+		Style(lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("3"))).
+		TitleStyle(lipgloss.NewStyle()).
+		ActionWithErr(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			return machineClient.WaitClusterReady(ctx, 5*time.Minute)
+		}).
+		Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("wait for machine to join the cluster: %w", err)
 	}
+	fmt.Println("Machine joined the cluster.")
 
+	// TODO: scale the existing Caddy service to the new machine instead of running a new deployment
+	//  that may cause a small downtime.
 	// Deploy a Caddy service container to the added machine. If caddy service is already deployed on other machines,
-	// use the deployed image version. Otherwise, use the latest version.
+	// use the deployed image version.
 	// NOTE: We use the cluster client to inspect and scale the Caddy service because the newly added machine may have
 	// issues accessing the Machine API of existing machines in the cluster.
 	// See the issue for more details: https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/issues/65.
 	caddyImage := ""
 	caddySvc, err := clusterClient.InspectService(ctx, client.CaddyServiceName)
 	if err != nil {
-		if !errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
-			return fmt.Errorf("inspect caddy service: %w", err)
+		if errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			// Caddy service is not deployed.
+			return nil
 		}
-	} else {
-		caddyImage = caddySvc.Containers[0].Container.Config.Image
-		// Find the latest created container and use its image.
-		var latestCreated time.Time
-		for _, c := range caddySvc.Containers[1:] {
-			created, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, c.Container.Created)
-			if err != nil {
-				continue
-			}
-			if created.After(latestCreated) {
-				latestCreated = created
-				caddyImage = c.Container.Config.Image
-			}
+		return fmt.Errorf("inspect caddy service: %w", err)
+	}
+	caddyImage = caddySvc.Containers[0].Container.Config.Image
+	// Find the latest created container and use its image.
+	var latestCreated time.Time
+	for _, c := range caddySvc.Containers[1:] {
+		created, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, c.Container.Created)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if created.After(latestCreated) {
+			latestCreated = created
+			caddyImage = c.Container.Config.Image
 		}
 	}
 
-	// TODO: scale the existing Caddy service to the new machine instead of running a new deployment
-	//  that may cause a small downtime.
 	d, err := clusterClient.NewCaddyDeployment(caddyImage, "", api.Placement{})
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("create caddy deployment: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		if _, err = d.Run(ctx); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("deploy caddy: %w", err)
-		}
-		return nil
-	}, uncli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Deploying service %s", d.Spec.Name))
+	plan, err := d.Plan(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("plan caddy deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println()
+	if len(plan.Operations) == 0 {
+		fmt.Printf("%s service is up to date.\n", client.CaddyServiceName)
+	} else {
+		// Initialise a machine and container name resolver to properly format the plan output.
+		resolver, err := clusterClient.ServiceOperationNameResolver(ctx, caddySvc)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create machine and container name resolver for service operations: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println("caddy deployment plan:")
+		fmt.Println(plan.Format(resolver))
+		fmt.Println()
+
+		if !opts.yes {
+			confirmed, err := cli.Confirm()
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("confirm deployment: %w", err)
+			}
+			if !confirmed {
+				fmt.Println("Cancelled. No changes were made.")
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			if _, err = d.Run(ctx); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("deploy caddy: %w", err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}, uncli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Deploying service %s (%s mode)", d.Spec.Name, d.Spec.Mode))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 	}
 
 	fmt.Println()
 	return caddy.UpdateDomainRecords(ctx, machineClient, uncli.ProgressOut())
 }
-
-func waitClusterInitialised(ctx context.Context, client *client.Client) error {
-	boff := backoff.WithContext(backoff.NewExponentialBackOff(
-		backoff.WithMaxInterval(1*time.Second),
-		backoff.WithMaxElapsedTime(5*time.Minute),
-	), ctx)
-
-	check := func() error {
-		_, err := client.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
-		if err == nil {
-			return nil
-		}
-
-		statusErr := status.Convert(err)
-		if statusErr.Code() == codes.FailedPrecondition {
-			return err
-		}
-		return backoff.Permanent(err)
-	}
-
-	return backoff.Retry(check, boff)
-}

cmd/uncloud/machine/init.go

@@ -4,7 +4,11 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/netip"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
 
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh/spinner"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
 	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/caddy"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/dns"
@@ -12,11 +16,13 @@ import (
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/cluster"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/network"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 type initOptions struct {
+	context     string
 	dnsEndpoint string
 	name        string
 	network     string
@@ -26,16 +32,21 @@ type initOptions struct {
 	publicIP    string
 	sshKey      string
 	version     string
-	context     string
+	wgEndpoints []string
+	yes         bool
 }
 
 func NewInitCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	opts := initOptions{}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:   "init [USER@HOST:PORT]",
+		Use:   "init [schema://]USER@HOST[:PORT]",
 		Short: "Initialise a new cluster with a remote machine as the first member.",
-		Long: "Initialise a new cluster by setting up a remote machine as the first member.\n" +
-			"This command creates a new context in your Uncloud config to manage the cluster.",
+		Long: `Initialise a new cluster by setting up a remote machine as the first member.
+This command creates a new context in your Uncloud config to manage the cluster.
+
+Connection methods:
+  ssh://user@host       - Use built-in SSH library (default, no prefix required)
+  ssh+cli://user@host   - Use system SSH command (supports ProxyJump, SSH config)`,
 		Example: `  # Initialise a new cluster with default settings.
   uc machine init root@<your-server-ip>
 
@@ -45,31 +56,45 @@ func NewInitCommand() *cobra.Command {
   # Initialise with a non-root user and custom SSH port and key.
   uc machine init ubuntu@<your-server-ip>:2222 -i ~/.ssh/mykey
 
-  # Initialise without Caddy (no reverse proxy) and without an automatically managed domain name (xxxxxx.cluster.uncloud.run).
+  # Initialise without Caddy (no reverse proxy) and without an automatically managed domain name (xxxxxx.uncld.dev).
   # You can deploy Caddy with 'uc caddy deploy' and reserve a domain with 'uc dns reserve' later.
   uc machine init root@<your-server-ip> --no-caddy --no-dns`,
 		// TODO: support initialising a cluster on the local machine.
 		Args: cobra.MaximumNArgs(1),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			cli.BindEnvToFlag(cmd, "yes", "UNCLOUD_AUTO_CONFIRM")
+
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
 
 			var remoteMachine *cli.RemoteMachine
 			if len(args) > 0 {
-				user, host, port, err := config.SSHDestination(args[0]).Parse()
+				// Determine if SSH CLI is requested and strip scheme
+				destination := args[0]
+				useSSHCLI := strings.HasPrefix(destination, "ssh+cli://")
+				destination = strings.TrimPrefix(destination, "ssh+cli://")
+				destination = strings.TrimPrefix(destination, "ssh://")
+
+				user, host, port, err := config.SSHDestination(destination).Parse()
 				if err != nil {
 					return fmt.Errorf("parse remote machine: %w", err)
 				}
 				remoteMachine = &cli.RemoteMachine{
-					User:    user,
-					Host:    host,
-					Port:    port,
-					KeyPath: opts.sshKey,
+					User:      user,
+					Host:      host,
+					Port:      port,
+					KeyPath:   opts.sshKey,
+					UseSSHCLI: useSSHCLI,
 				}
 			}
 
 			return initCluster(cmd.Context(), uncli, remoteMachine, opts)
 		},
 	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", cli.DefaultContextName,
+		"Name of the new context to be created in the Uncloud config to manage the cluster.",
+	)
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.dnsEndpoint, "dns-endpoint", dns.DefaultUncloudDNSAPIEndpoint,
 		"API endpoint for the Uncloud DNS service.")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
@@ -107,15 +132,27 @@ func NewInitCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		&opts.version, "version", "latest",
 		"Version of the Uncloud daemon to install on the machine.",
 	)
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", cli.DefaultContextName,
-		"Name of the new context to be created in the Uncloud config to manage the cluster.",
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVar(
+		&opts.wgEndpoints, "wg-endpoint", nil,
+		fmt.Sprintf("WireGuard endpoint address in format: IP, IP:PORT, IPv6, or [IPv6]:PORT. "+
+			"Default port %d is used if omitted.\n", network.WireGuardPort)+
+			"Other machines in the cluster will use this endpoint to establish a WireGuard connection to this machine.\n"+
+			"Multiple endpoints can be specified by repeating the flag or using a comma-separated list.\n"+
+			"If not specified, the machine's routable IPs and public IP are auto-detected and used as endpoints.",
 	)
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.yes, "yes", "y", false,
+		"Auto-confirm prompts (e.g., resetting an already initialised machine).\n"+
+			"Should be explicitly set when running non-interactively, e.g., in CI/CD pipelines. [$UNCLOUD_AUTO_CONFIRM]")
 
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func initCluster(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, remoteMachine *cli.RemoteMachine, opts initOptions) error {
+	if uncli.Config == nil {
+		// Config is nil when connecting directly to a remote machine (--connect) without using Uncloud config.
+		return fmt.Errorf("do not specify --connect when initialising a new cluster")
+	}
+
 	netPrefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(opts.network)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("parse network CIDR: %w", err)
@@ -134,7 +171,7 @@ func initCluster(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, remoteMachine *cli.RemoteM
 		}
 		publicIP = &ip
 	}
-	client, err := uncli.InitCluster(ctx, cli.InitClusterOptions{
+	initOpts := cli.InitClusterOptions{
 		Context:       opts.context,
 		MachineName:   opts.name,
 		Network:       netPrefix,
@@ -142,20 +179,44 @@ func initCluster(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, remoteMachine *cli.RemoteM
 		RemoteMachine: remoteMachine,
 		SkipInstall:   opts.noInstall,
 		Version:       opts.version,
-	})
+		AutoConfirm:   opts.yes,
+	}
+	if len(opts.wgEndpoints) > 0 {
+		expanded := cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.wgEndpoints)
+		endpoints, err := cli.ParseWireGuardEndpoints(expanded)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parse WireGuard endpoint (--wg-endpoint): %w", err)
+		}
+		initOpts.WireguardEndpoints = endpoints
+	}
+
+	client, err := uncli.InitCluster(ctx, initOpts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	defer client.Close()
 
+	// Since the cluster API needs a few moments to become ready after cluster initialisation,
+	// we keep the user informed during this wait. We wait here even if no Caddy or DNS is requested
+	// as the cluster needs to be ready so that commands such as 'uc machine ls' work immediately after init.
+	err = spinner.New().
+		Title(" Waiting for the cluster to be ready...").
+		Type(spinner.MiniDot).
+		Style(lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("3"))).
+		TitleStyle(lipgloss.NewStyle()).
+		ActionWithErr(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			return client.WaitClusterReady(ctx, 1*time.Minute)
+		}).
+		Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("wait for cluster to be ready: %w", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("Cluster is ready.")
+
 	if opts.noCaddy && opts.noDNS {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	// Deploy the Caddy service to the initialised machine.
-	// The creation of a deployment plan talks to cluster API. Since the API needs a few moments to become available
-	// after cluster initialisation, we keep the user informed during this wait.
-	fmt.Println("Waiting for the machine to be ready...")
 	fmt.Println()
 
 	if !opts.noDNS {

cmd/uncloud/machine/ls.go

@@ -14,25 +14,20 @@ import (
 )
 
 func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
-	var contextName string
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "ls",
 		Aliases: []string{"list"},
 		Short:   "List machines in a cluster.",
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
-			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli, contextName)
+			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli)
 		},
 	}
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&contextName, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
-	)
 	return cmd
 }
 
-func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, clusterName string) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, clusterName)
+func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/machine/rename.go

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 )
 
 func NewRenameCommand() *cobra.Command {
-	var contextName string
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "rename OLD_NAME NEW_NAME",
 		Short: "Rename a machine in the cluster.",
@@ -20,18 +19,14 @@ configuration including network settings, public IP, and cluster membership.`,
 		Args: cobra.ExactArgs(2),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
-			return rename(cmd.Context(), uncli, contextName, args[0], args[1])
+			return rename(cmd.Context(), uncli, args[0], args[1])
 		},
 	}
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&contextName, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
-	)
 	return cmd
 }
 
-func rename(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, contextName, oldName, newName string) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, contextName)
+func rename(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, oldName, newName string) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

cmd/uncloud/machine/rm.go

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import (
 type removeOptions struct {
 	noReset bool
 	yes     bool
-	context string
 }
 
 func NewRmCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -39,8 +38,6 @@ func NewRmCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		},
 	}
 
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.yes, "yes", "y", false,
 		"Do not prompt for confirmation before removing the machine.")
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.noReset, "no-reset", false,
@@ -51,14 +48,14 @@ func NewRmCommand() *cobra.Command {
 
 func remove(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, nameOrID string, opts removeOptions) error {
 	// TODO: automatically choose a connection to the machine that is not being removed.
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}
 	defer client.Close()
 
 	// Verify the machine exists and list all service containers on it including stopped ones.
-	mctx, machines, err := api.ProxyMachinesContext(ctx, client, []string{nameOrID})
+	mctx, machines, err := client.ProxyMachinesContext(ctx, []string{nameOrID})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -155,8 +152,21 @@ func remove(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, nameOrID string, opts removeOpt
 		}
 	}
 
-	// TODO: remove the connection to the machine from the uncloud config if it exists. We need a way to associate
-	//  the machine with its connection in the config, e.g. by storing the machine name in the connection metadata.
+	// Remove the connection to the machine from the uncloud config if it exists.
+	if uncli.Config != nil {
+		contextName := uncli.GetContextOverrideOrCurrent()
+		if context, ok := uncli.Config.Contexts[contextName]; ok {
+			for i, c := range context.Connections {
+				if c.MachineID == m.Id {
+					context.Connections = slices.Delete(context.Connections, i, i+1)
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			if err := uncli.Config.Save(); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("save config: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
 
 	// TODO: If Caddy was running on this machine and a cluster domain is reserved,
 	//  let the user know that the DNS records should be updated.

cmd/uncloud/machine/root.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "machine",
 		Aliases: []string{"m"},
-		Short:   "Manage machines in an Uncloud cluster.",
+		Short:   "Manage machines in the cluster.",
 	}
 	cmd.AddCommand(
 		NewAddCommand(),
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		NewRenameCommand(),
 		NewRmCommand(),
 		NewUpdateCommand(),
-		NewTokenCommand(),
 	)
 	return cmd
 }

cmd/uncloud/machine/token.go

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-package machine
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/daemon"
-	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-)
-
-type tokenOptions struct {
-	dataDir string
-}
-
-func NewTokenCommand() *cobra.Command {
-	opts := tokenOptions{}
-	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:   "token",
-		Short: "Print the local machine's token for adding it to a cluster.",
-		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-			token, err := daemon.MachineToken(opts.dataDir)
-			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("get machine token: %w", err)
-			}
-			tokenStr, err := token.String()
-			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("encode machine token: %w", err)
-			}
-			fmt.Println(tokenStr)
-			return nil
-		},
-	}
-
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.dataDir, "data-dir", "d", machine.DefaultDataDir,
-		"Directory for storing persistent machine state.")
-	_ = cmd.MarkFlagDirname("data-dir")
-
-	return cmd
-}

cmd/uncloud/machine/update.go

@@ -4,30 +4,43 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/netip"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/network"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 type updateOptions struct {
-	name     string
-	publicIP string
-	context  string
+	name        string
+	publicIP    string
+	wgEndpoints []string
 }
 
 func NewUpdateCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	opts := updateOptions{}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:   "update",
+		Use:   "update MACHINE [flags]",
 		Short: "Update machine configuration in the cluster.",
 		Long: `Update machine configuration in the cluster.
 
-This command allows setting various machine properties including:
-- Machine name (--name)
-- Public IP address (--public-ip)
+Change the name, public IP address, or WireGuard endpoints of an existing machine.
+At least one flag must be specified to perform an update.`,
+		Example: `  # Rename a machine.
+  uc machine update machine1 --name web-server
 
-At least one flag must be specified to perform an update operation.`,
+  # Set the public IP address of a machine.
+  uc machine update machine1 --public-ip 203.0.113.10
+
+  # Remove the public IP address from a machine.
+  uc machine update machine1 --public-ip none
+
+  # Update WireGuard endpoints for a machine.
+  uc machine update machine1 --wg-endpoint 203.0.113.10 --wg-endpoint 192.168.1.5
+
+  # Update multiple properties at once.
+  uc machine update machine1 --name web-server --public-ip 203.0.113.10`,
 		Args: cobra.ExactArgs(1),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
@@ -41,23 +54,27 @@ At least one flag must be specified to perform an update operation.`,
 	)
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
 		&opts.publicIP, "public-ip", "",
-		fmt.Sprintf("Public IP address of the machine for ingress configuration. Use '%s' or '' to remove the public IP.", PublicIPNone),
+		fmt.Sprintf("Public IP address of the machine for ingress configuration. Use '%s' or '' to remove the public IP.",
+			PublicIPNone),
 	)
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVar(
+		&opts.wgEndpoints, "wg-endpoint", nil,
+		fmt.Sprintf("WireGuard endpoint address in format: IP, IP:PORT, IPv6, or [IPv6]:PORT. "+
+			"Default port %d is used if omitted.\n", network.WireGuardPort)+
+			"Other machines in the cluster will use this endpoint to establish a WireGuard connection to this machine.\n"+
+			"Multiple endpoints can be specified by repeating the flag or using a comma-separated list.",
 	)
 
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func update(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, cmd *cobra.Command, opts updateOptions, machineNameOrID string) error {
-	// Check if at least one flag was explicitly set
-	if !cmd.Flags().Changed("name") && !cmd.Flags().Changed("public-ip") {
-		return fmt.Errorf("at least one update flag must be specified (--name, --public-ip)")
+	// Check if at least one flag was explicitly set.
+	if !cmd.Flags().Changed("name") && !cmd.Flags().Changed("public-ip") && !cmd.Flags().Changed("wg-endpoint") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("at least one update flag must be specified (--name, --public-ip, --wg-endpoint)")
 	}
 
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -92,6 +109,19 @@ func update(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, cmd *cobra.Command, opts update
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Parse and set endpoints if the flag was explicitly provided.
+	if cmd.Flags().Changed("wg-endpoint") {
+		expanded := cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.wgEndpoints)
+		endpoints, err := cli.ParseWireGuardEndpoints(expanded)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if len(endpoints) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("at least one endpoint must be specified if --wg-endpoint flag is used")
+		}
+		req.Endpoints = endpoints
+	}
+
 	// Perform the update operation
 	updatedMachine, err := client.UpdateMachine(ctx, req)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -118,8 +148,24 @@ func update(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, cmd *cobra.Command, opts update
 		}
 		changes = append(changes, fmt.Sprintf("public IP: %s -> %s", oldIP, newIP))
 	}
+	if cmd.Flags().Changed("wg-endpoint") {
+		formatEndpoints := func(eps []*pb.IPPort) string {
+			if len(eps) == 0 {
+				return "none"
+			}
+			parts := make([]string, len(eps))
+			for i, ep := range eps {
+				ap, _ := ep.ToAddrPort()
+				parts[i] = ap.String()
+			}
+			return strings.Join(parts, ", ")
+		}
+		oldEndpoints := formatEndpoints(machine.Machine.Network.Endpoints)
+		newEndpoints := formatEndpoints(updatedMachine.Network.Endpoints)
+		changes = append(changes, fmt.Sprintf("endpoints: %s -> %s", oldEndpoints, newEndpoints))
+	}
 
-	fmt.Printf("Machine %q (ID: %s) configuration updated:\n", updatedMachine.Name, updatedMachine.Id)
+	fmt.Printf("Machine '%s' (ID: %s) configuration updated:\n", updatedMachine.Name, updatedMachine.Id)
 	for _, change := range changes {
 		fmt.Printf("  %s\n", change)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/main.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"net/netip"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/caddy"
 	cmdcontext "github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/context"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/dns"
@@ -13,9 +14,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/machine"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/service"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/volume"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/wg"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/fs"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/log"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/version"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
@@ -23,9 +26,12 @@ import (
 type globalOptions struct {
 	configPath string
 	connect    string
+	context    string
 }
 
 func main() {
+	log.InitLoggerFromEnv()
+
 	opts := globalOptions{}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:           "uc",
@@ -35,6 +41,7 @@ func main() {
 		SilenceErrors: true,
 		PersistentPreRunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			cli.BindEnvToFlag(cmd, "connect", "UNCLOUD_CONNECT")
+			cli.BindEnvToFlag(cmd, "context", "UNCLOUD_CONTEXT")
 			cli.BindEnvToFlag(cmd, "uncloud-config", "UNCLOUD_CONFIG")
 
 			var conn *config.MachineConnection
@@ -47,11 +54,17 @@ func main() {
 					conn = &config.MachineConnection{
 						TCP: &addrPort,
 					}
-				} else {
-					dest := opts.connect
-					if strings.HasPrefix(dest, "ssh://") {
-						dest = dest[len("ssh://"):]
+				} else if strings.HasPrefix(opts.connect, "ssh+cli://") {
+					dest := opts.connect[len("ssh+cli://"):]
+					conn = &config.MachineConnection{
+						SSHCLI: config.SSHDestination(dest),
 					}
+				} else if strings.HasPrefix(opts.connect, "unix://") {
+					conn = &config.MachineConnection{
+						Unix: opts.connect[len("unix://"):],
+					}
+				} else {
+					dest := strings.TrimPrefix(opts.connect, "ssh://")
 					conn = &config.MachineConnection{
 						SSH: config.SSHDestination(dest),
 					}
@@ -59,7 +72,7 @@ func main() {
 			}
 
 			configPath := fs.ExpandHomeDir(opts.configPath)
-			uncli, err := cli.New(configPath, conn)
+			uncli, err := cli.New(configPath, conn, opts.context)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("initialise CLI: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -70,29 +83,59 @@ func main() {
 
 	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&opts.connect, "connect", "",
 		"Connect to a remote cluster machine without using the Uncloud configuration file. [$UNCLOUD_CONNECT]\n"+
-			"Format: [ssh://]user@host[:port] or tcp://host:port")
+			"Format: [ssh://]user@host[:port], ssh+cli://user@host[:port], tcp://host:port, or unix:///path/to/uncloud.sock")
 	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&opts.configPath, "uncloud-config", "~/.config/uncloud/config.yaml",
 		"Path to the Uncloud configuration file. [$UNCLOUD_CONFIG]")
 	_ = cmd.MarkPersistentFlagFilename("uncloud-config", "yaml", "yml")
-	// TODO: make --context a global flag and pass it as a value of the command context.
+	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context to use (default is the current context). [$UNCLOUD_CONTEXT]")
+
+	// Set custom help function to show links to docs and Discord only for the root 'uc' command.
+	defaultHelpFunc := cmd.HelpFunc()
+	cmd.SetHelpFunc(func(c *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		defaultHelpFunc(c, args)
+		// Only show links for the root 'uc' command.
+		if c.Name() == "uc" {
+			urlStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				Underline(true).
+				Foreground(lipgloss.Color("12")) // light blue
+
+			fmt.Fprintln(c.OutOrStdout())
+			fmt.Fprintf(c.OutOrStdout(), "Learn more about Uncloud:       %s\n",
+				urlStyle.Render("https://uncloud.run/docs"))
+			fmt.Fprintf(c.OutOrStdout(), "Join our Discord community:     %s\n",
+				urlStyle.Render("https://uncloud.run/discord"))
+		}
+	})
+
+	cmd.AddGroup(&cobra.Group{
+		ID:    "service",
+		Title: "Deploy and manage services:",
+	})
 
 	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewBuildCommand(),
 		NewDeployCommand(),
 		NewDocsCommand(),
-		NewBuildCommand(),
 		NewImagesCommand(),
+		NewPsCommand(),
 		caddy.NewRootCommand(),
 		cmdcontext.NewRootCommand(),
 		dns.NewRootCommand(),
 		image.NewRootCommand(),
 		machine.NewRootCommand(),
 		service.NewRootCommand(),
-		service.NewInspectCommand(),
-		service.NewListCommand(),
-		service.NewRmCommand(),
-		service.NewRunCommand(),
-		service.NewScaleCommand(),
+		service.NewExecCommand("service"),
+		service.NewInspectCommand("service"),
+		service.NewListCommand("service"),
+		service.NewLogsCommand("service"),
+		service.NewRmCommand("service"),
+		service.NewRunCommand("service"),
+		service.NewScaleCommand("service"),
+		service.NewStartCommand("service"),
+		service.NewStopCommand("service"),
 		volume.NewRootCommand(),
+		wg.NewRootCommand(),
 	)
 	cobra.CheckErr(cmd.Execute())
 }

cmd/uncloud/ps.go

@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh/spinner"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss/table"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+	"github.com/docker/go-units"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+)
+
+const (
+	sortByService = "service"
+	sortByMachine = "machine"
+	sortByHealth  = "health"
+)
+
+type containerHighlight int
+
+const (
+	highlightDanger containerHighlight = iota
+	highlightWarning
+	highlightSuccess
+	highlightNormal
+)
+
+type psOptions struct {
+	sortBy string
+}
+
+func NewPsCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := psOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "ps",
+		Short: "List all service containers.",
+		Long: `List all service containers across all machines in the cluster.
+
+This command provides a comprehensive overview of all running containers that are part of a service,
+making it easy to see the distribution and status of containers across the cluster.`,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+
+			if opts.sortBy != sortByService && opts.sortBy != sortByMachine && opts.sortBy != sortByHealth {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid value for --sort: %q, must be one of '%s', '%s' or '%s'", opts.sortBy,
+					sortByService, sortByMachine, sortByHealth)
+			}
+
+			return runPs(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+		GroupID: "service",
+	}
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.sortBy, "sort", "s", sortByService,
+		"Sort containers by 'service', 'machine', or 'health'.")
+	return cmd
+}
+
+type containerInfo struct {
+	serviceName string
+	machineName string
+	id          string
+	name        string
+	image       string
+	status      string
+	highlight   containerHighlight
+	created     time.Time
+	ip          string
+}
+
+func runPs(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts psOptions) error {
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	var containers []containerInfo
+	err = spinner.New().
+		Title(" Collecting container info...").
+		Type(spinner.MiniDot).
+		Style(lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("3"))).
+		ActionWithErr(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			containers, err = collectContainers(ctx, clusterClient)
+			return err
+		}).
+		Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("collect containers: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Sort the containers based on the sorting option.
+	sort.SliceStable(containers, func(i, j int) bool {
+		a, b := containers[i], containers[j]
+		switch opts.sortBy {
+		case sortByHealth:
+			if a.highlight != b.highlight {
+				return a.highlight < b.highlight
+			}
+			if a.serviceName != b.serviceName {
+				return a.serviceName < b.serviceName
+			}
+		case sortByMachine:
+			if a.machineName != b.machineName {
+				return a.machineName < b.machineName
+			}
+			if a.serviceName != b.serviceName {
+				return a.serviceName < b.serviceName
+			}
+		default: // sortByService
+			if a.serviceName != b.serviceName {
+				return a.serviceName < b.serviceName
+			}
+		}
+		// Fallback to creation time (newest first).
+		return a.created.After(b.created)
+	})
+
+	return printContainers(containers)
+}
+
+func printContainers(containers []containerInfo) error {
+	t := table.New().
+		// Remove the default border.
+		Border(lipgloss.Border{}).
+		BorderTop(false).
+		BorderBottom(false).
+		BorderLeft(false).
+		BorderRight(false).
+		BorderHeader(false).
+		BorderColumn(false).
+		StyleFunc(func(row, col int) lipgloss.Style {
+			if row == table.HeaderRow {
+				return lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true).PaddingRight(3)
+			}
+			// Regular style for data rows with padding.
+			return lipgloss.NewStyle().PaddingRight(3)
+		})
+
+	t.Headers("SERVICE", "CONTAINER ID", "CONTAINER NAME", "IMAGE", "CREATED", "STATUS", "IP ADDRESS", "MACHINE")
+
+	for _, ctr := range containers {
+		id := ctr.id
+		if len(id) > 12 {
+			id = id[:12]
+		}
+
+		created := units.HumanDuration(time.Now().UTC().Sub(ctr.created)) + " ago"
+
+		var statusStyle lipgloss.Style
+		switch ctr.highlight {
+		case highlightSuccess:
+			statusStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("2")) // Green
+		case highlightDanger:
+			statusStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("1")) // Red
+		case highlightWarning:
+			statusStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("3")) // Yellow
+		default:
+			statusStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle() // Default
+		}
+
+		t.Row(
+			ctr.serviceName,
+			id,
+			ctr.name,
+			ctr.image,
+			created,
+			statusStyle.Render(ctr.status),
+			ctr.ip,
+			ctr.machineName,
+		)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println(t)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func collectContainers(ctx context.Context, cli *client.Client) ([]containerInfo, error) {
+	listCtx, machines, err := cli.ProxyMachinesContext(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("proxy machines context: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Create a map of IP to machine name for resolving response metadata
+	machinesNamesByIP := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, m := range machines {
+		if addr, err := m.Machine.Network.ManagementIp.ToAddr(); err == nil {
+			machinesNamesByIP[addr.String()] = m.Machine.Name
+		}
+	}
+
+	// List all service containers across all machines in the cluster.
+	machineContainers, err := cli.Docker.ListServiceContainers(
+		listCtx, "", container.ListOptions{All: true},
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("list service containers: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var containers []containerInfo
+	for _, msc := range machineContainers {
+		// Metadata can be nil if the request was broadcasted to only one machine.
+		if msc.Metadata == nil && len(machineContainers) > 1 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("something went wrong with gRPC proxy: metadata is missing for a machine response")
+		}
+
+		machineName := "unknown"
+		if msc.Metadata != nil {
+			var ok bool
+			machineName, ok = machinesNamesByIP[msc.Metadata.Machine]
+			if !ok {
+				// Fallback to machine's IP as name.
+				machineName = msc.Metadata.Machine
+			}
+		} else {
+			// Fallback to the first available machine name.
+			if len(machines) > 0 {
+				machineName = machines[0].Machine.Name
+			}
+		}
+
+		if msc.Metadata != nil && msc.Metadata.Error != "" {
+			client.PrintWarning(fmt.Sprintf("failed to list containers on machine %s: %s", machineName,
+				msc.Metadata.Error))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for _, ctr := range msc.Containers {
+			if ctr.Container.State == nil || ctr.Container.Config == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			status, err := ctr.Container.HumanState()
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("get human state for container %s: %w", ctr.Container.ID, err)
+			}
+
+			var highlight containerHighlight
+			healthStatus := ""
+			if ctr.Container.State.Health != nil {
+				healthStatus = ctr.Container.State.Health.Status
+			}
+
+			if healthStatus == container.Unhealthy || ctr.Container.State.Status == "dead" || ctr.Container.State.OOMKilled || ctr.Container.State.Dead {
+				highlight = highlightDanger
+			} else if healthStatus == container.Healthy {
+				highlight = highlightSuccess
+			} else if ctr.Container.State.Status == "running" {
+				highlight = highlightNormal
+			} else { // Other non-critical but noteworthy states
+				highlight = highlightWarning
+			}
+
+			created, _ := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, ctr.Container.Created)
+
+			ip := ctr.Container.UncloudNetworkIP()
+			ipStr := ""
+			// The container might not have an IP if it's not running or uses the host network.
+			if ip.IsValid() {
+				ipStr = ip.String()
+			}
+
+			info := containerInfo{
+				serviceName: ctr.ServiceName(),
+				machineName: machineName,
+				id:          ctr.Container.ID,
+				name:        ctr.Container.Name,
+				image:       ctr.Container.Config.Image,
+				status:      status,
+				highlight:   highlight,
+				created:     created,
+				ip:          ipStr,
+			}
+			containers = append(containers, info)
+		}
+	}
+	return containers, nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/ps_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,442 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/netip"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/docker"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
+)
+
+// mockDockerClient implements pb.DockerClient
+type mockDockerClient struct {
+	pb.DockerClient // Embed to avoid implementing all methods
+	listResp        *pb.ListServiceContainersResponse
+	listErr         error
+}
+
+func (m *mockDockerClient) ListServiceContainers(ctx context.Context, in *pb.ListServiceContainersRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*pb.ListServiceContainersResponse, error) {
+	return m.listResp, m.listErr
+}
+
+// mockClusterClient implements pb.ClusterClient
+type mockClusterClient struct {
+	pb.ClusterClient // Embed to avoid implementing all methods
+	machinesResp     *pb.ListMachinesResponse
+	machinesErr      error
+}
+
+func (m *mockClusterClient) ListMachines(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*pb.ListMachinesResponse, error) {
+	return m.machinesResp, m.machinesErr
+}
+
+func TestCollectContainers_NilMetadata(t *testing.T) {
+	// Setup container data
+	containerData := map[string]interface{}{
+		"Id":   "container1",
+		"Name": "test-container",
+		"Config": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Image": "test-image",
+		},
+		"State": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Status":     "running",
+			"StartedAt":  "2023-01-01T12:00:00Z",
+			"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+		},
+		"NetworkSettings": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Networks": map[string]interface{}{},
+		},
+	}
+	containerJSON, err := json.Marshal(containerData)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	serviceSpecJSON, err := json.Marshal(map[string]interface{}{})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Setup mocks
+	mockDocker := &mockDockerClient{
+		listResp: &pb.ListServiceContainersResponse{
+			Messages: []*pb.MachineServiceContainers{
+				{
+					Metadata: nil, // Simulating the issue: nil metadata
+					Containers: []*pb.ServiceContainer{
+						{
+							Container:   containerJSON,
+							ServiceSpec: serviceSpecJSON,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	machineIP := "10.0.0.1"
+	mockCluster := &mockClusterClient{
+		machinesResp: &pb.ListMachinesResponse{
+			Machines: []*pb.MachineMember{
+				{
+					Machine: &pb.MachineInfo{
+						Name: "machine-1",
+						Network: &pb.NetworkConfig{
+							ManagementIp: pb.NewIP(netip.MustParseAddr(machineIP)),
+						},
+					},
+					State: pb.MachineMember_UP,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Construct client with mocks
+	cli := &client.Client{
+		Docker: &docker.Client{
+			GRPCClient: mockDocker,
+		},
+		ClusterClient: mockCluster,
+	}
+
+	// Execute
+	containers, err := collectContainers(context.Background(), cli)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Verify
+	assert.Len(t, containers, 1)
+	if len(containers) > 0 {
+		c := containers[0]
+		assert.Equal(t, "container1", c.id)
+		assert.Equal(t, "test-container", c.name)
+		assert.Equal(t, "machine-1", c.machineName, "Should fall back to the single machine name when metadata is nil")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCollectContainers_NilMetadata_MultipleMachines_Error(t *testing.T) {
+	// If we have multiple machines but receive nil metadata, it should return an error as it is ambiguous
+
+	// Setup container data
+	containerData1 := map[string]interface{}{
+		"Id": "container1",
+	}
+	containerJSON1, _ := json.Marshal(containerData1)
+
+	containerData2 := map[string]interface{}{
+		"Id": "container2",
+		"Config": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Image": "test-image",
+		},
+		"State": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Status":     "running",
+			"StartedAt":  "2023-01-01T12:00:00Z",
+			"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+		},
+		"NetworkSettings": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Networks": map[string]interface{}{},
+		},
+	}
+	containerJSON2, _ := json.Marshal(containerData2)
+
+	serviceSpecJSON, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]interface{}{})
+
+	// Setup mocks
+	mockDocker := &mockDockerClient{
+		listResp: &pb.ListServiceContainersResponse{
+			Messages: []*pb.MachineServiceContainers{
+				{
+					Metadata: nil, // Nil metadata
+					Containers: []*pb.ServiceContainer{
+						{
+							Container:   containerJSON1,
+							ServiceSpec: serviceSpecJSON,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+				{
+					Metadata: &pb.Metadata{Machine: "10.0.0.2"},
+					Containers: []*pb.ServiceContainer{
+						{
+							Container:   containerJSON2,
+							ServiceSpec: serviceSpecJSON,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	mockCluster := &mockClusterClient{
+		machinesResp: &pb.ListMachinesResponse{
+			Machines: []*pb.MachineMember{
+				{
+					Machine: &pb.MachineInfo{
+						Name: "machine-1",
+						Network: &pb.NetworkConfig{
+							ManagementIp: pb.NewIP(netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.1")),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+				{
+					Machine: &pb.MachineInfo{
+						Name: "machine-2",
+						Network: &pb.NetworkConfig{
+							ManagementIp: pb.NewIP(netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.2")),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Construct client with mocks
+	cli := &client.Client{
+		Docker: &docker.Client{
+			GRPCClient: mockDocker,
+		},
+		ClusterClient: mockCluster,
+	}
+
+	// Execute
+	_, err := collectContainers(context.Background(), cli)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "metadata is missing for a machine response")
+}
+
+func TestCollectContainers_MetadataPresent_MultipleMachines(t *testing.T) {
+	// Verify correct mapping of containers to machines when metadata is present
+
+	// Setup container data
+	containerData1 := map[string]interface{}{
+		"Id":   "container1",
+		"Name": "container-1",
+		"Config": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Image": "image-1",
+		},
+		"State": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Status":     "running",
+			"StartedAt":  "2023-01-01T12:00:00Z",
+			"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+		},
+		"NetworkSettings": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Networks": map[string]interface{}{},
+		},
+	}
+	containerJSON1, _ := json.Marshal(containerData1)
+
+	containerData2 := map[string]interface{}{
+		"Id":   "container2",
+		"Name": "container-2",
+		"Config": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Image": "image-2",
+		},
+		"State": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Status":     "running",
+			"StartedAt":  "2023-01-01T12:00:00Z",
+			"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+		},
+		"NetworkSettings": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Networks": map[string]interface{}{},
+		},
+	}
+	containerJSON2, _ := json.Marshal(containerData2)
+
+	serviceSpecJSON, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]interface{}{})
+
+	// Setup mocks
+	mockDocker := &mockDockerClient{
+		listResp: &pb.ListServiceContainersResponse{
+			Messages: []*pb.MachineServiceContainers{
+				{
+					Metadata: &pb.Metadata{Machine: "10.0.0.1"},
+					Containers: []*pb.ServiceContainer{
+						{
+							Container:   containerJSON1,
+							ServiceSpec: serviceSpecJSON,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+				{
+					Metadata: &pb.Metadata{Machine: "10.0.0.2"},
+					Containers: []*pb.ServiceContainer{
+						{
+							Container:   containerJSON2,
+							ServiceSpec: serviceSpecJSON,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	mockCluster := &mockClusterClient{
+		machinesResp: &pb.ListMachinesResponse{
+			Machines: []*pb.MachineMember{
+				{
+					Machine: &pb.MachineInfo{
+						Name: "machine-1",
+						Network: &pb.NetworkConfig{
+							ManagementIp: pb.NewIP(netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.1")),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+				{
+					Machine: &pb.MachineInfo{
+						Name: "machine-2",
+						Network: &pb.NetworkConfig{
+							ManagementIp: pb.NewIP(netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.2")),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cli := &client.Client{
+		Docker:        &docker.Client{GRPCClient: mockDocker},
+		ClusterClient: mockCluster,
+	}
+
+	containers, err := collectContainers(context.Background(), cli)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Len(t, containers, 2)
+	// Order is not guaranteed by the map iteration in logic or parallel fetch (though here it's mocked sequential),
+	// but collectContainers just appends.
+	// We'll find them by ID.
+	for _, c := range containers {
+		if c.id == "container1" {
+			assert.Equal(t, "machine-1", c.machineName)
+		} else if c.id == "container2" {
+			assert.Equal(t, "machine-2", c.machineName)
+		} else {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected container id: %s", c.id)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCollectContainers_NilMetadata_NoMachines(t *testing.T) {
+	// Case: 1 msc with nil metadata but no machines at all
+
+	containerData := map[string]interface{}{
+		"Id": "container1",
+		"Config": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Image": "test-image",
+		},
+		"State": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Status":     "running",
+			"StartedAt":  "2023-01-01T12:00:00Z",
+			"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+		},
+		"NetworkSettings": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Networks": map[string]interface{}{},
+		},
+	}
+	containerJSON, _ := json.Marshal(containerData)
+	serviceSpecJSON, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]interface{}{})
+
+	mockDocker := &mockDockerClient{
+		listResp: &pb.ListServiceContainersResponse{
+			Messages: []*pb.MachineServiceContainers{
+				{
+					Metadata: nil,
+					Containers: []*pb.ServiceContainer{
+						{
+							Container:   containerJSON,
+							ServiceSpec: serviceSpecJSON,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	// No machines in cluster response
+	mockCluster := &mockClusterClient{
+		machinesResp: &pb.ListMachinesResponse{
+			Machines: []*pb.MachineMember{},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cli := &client.Client{
+		Docker:        &docker.Client{GRPCClient: mockDocker},
+		ClusterClient: mockCluster,
+	}
+
+	containers, err := collectContainers(context.Background(), cli)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Len(t, containers, 1)
+	if len(containers) > 0 {
+		assert.Equal(t, "unknown", containers[0].machineName)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCollectContainers_MetadataPresent_NotInMapping(t *testing.T) {
+	// Case: msc with metadata that is not in the IP-to-name mapping
+
+	containerData := map[string]interface{}{
+		"Id": "container1",
+		"Config": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Image": "test-image",
+		},
+		"State": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Status":     "running",
+			"StartedAt":  "2023-01-01T12:00:00Z",
+			"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+		},
+		"NetworkSettings": map[string]interface{}{
+			"Networks": map[string]interface{}{},
+		},
+	}
+	containerJSON, _ := json.Marshal(containerData)
+	serviceSpecJSON, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]interface{}{})
+
+	mockDocker := &mockDockerClient{
+		listResp: &pb.ListServiceContainersResponse{
+			Messages: []*pb.MachineServiceContainers{
+				{
+					Metadata: &pb.Metadata{Machine: "10.0.0.99"}, // Unknown IP
+					Containers: []*pb.ServiceContainer{
+						{
+							Container:   containerJSON,
+							ServiceSpec: serviceSpecJSON,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	mockCluster := &mockClusterClient{
+		machinesResp: &pb.ListMachinesResponse{
+			Machines: []*pb.MachineMember{
+				{
+					Machine: &pb.MachineInfo{
+						Name: "machine-1",
+						Network: &pb.NetworkConfig{
+							ManagementIp: pb.NewIP(netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.1")),
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cli := &client.Client{
+		Docker:        &docker.Client{GRPCClient: mockDocker},
+		ClusterClient: mockCluster,
+	}
+
+	containers, err := collectContainers(context.Background(), cli)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Len(t, containers, 1)
+	if len(containers) > 0 {
+		// Should fallback to the IP/string in metadata
+		assert.Equal(t, "10.0.0.99", containers[0].machineName)
+	}
+}

cmd/uncloud/service/exec.go

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/streams"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type execCliOptions struct {
+	detach      bool
+	interactive bool
+	noTty       bool
+	containerId string
+}
+
+var DEFAULT_COMMAND = []string{"sh", "-c", "command -v bash >/dev/null 2>&1 && exec bash || exec sh"}
+
+func NewExecCommand(groupID string) *cobra.Command {
+	opts := execCliOptions{}
+
+	execCmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "exec [OPTIONS] SERVICE [COMMAND ARGS...]",
+		Short: "Execute a command in a running service container.",
+		Long: `Execute a command (interactive shell by default) in a running container within a service.
+If the service has multiple replicas and no container ID is specified, the command will be executed in a random container.
+	`,
+		Example: `
+  # Start an interactive shell ("bash" or "sh" will be tried by default)
+  uc exec web-service
+
+  # Start an interactive shell with explicit command
+  uc exec web-service /bin/zsh
+
+  # List files in the specific container of the service; --container accepts full ID or a (unique) prefix
+  uc exec --container d792e web-service ls -la
+
+  # Pipe input to a command inside the service container
+  cat backup.sql | uc exec -T db-service psql -U postgres mydb
+
+  # Run a task in the background (detached mode)
+  uc exec -d web-service /scripts/cleanup.sh`,
+		Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			serviceName := args[0]
+			command := args[1:]
+			if len(command) == 0 {
+				command = DEFAULT_COMMAND
+			}
+			return runExec(cmd.Context(), uncli, serviceName, command, opts)
+		},
+		GroupID: groupID,
+	}
+
+	execCmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.detach, "detach", "d", false, "Detached mode: run command in the background")
+
+	execCmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.noTty, "no-tty", "T", false,
+		"Disable pseudo-TTY allocation. By default 'uc exec' allocates a TTY when connected to a terminal.")
+
+	// Keep "-i" and "-t" flags hidden for compatibility with docker exec
+	execCmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.interactive, "interactive", "i", true, "Keep STDIN open even if not attached")
+	execCmd.Flags().MarkHidden("interactive")
+
+	execCmd.Flags().BoolP("tty", "t", false, "Allocate a pseudo-TTY")
+	execCmd.Flags().MarkHidden("tty")
+
+	// Common flags
+	execCmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.containerId, "container", "",
+		"ID of the container to exec into. Accepts full ID or a unique prefix "+
+			"(default is the random container of the service)")
+
+	// This tells Cobra that all flags must come before positional arguments, so that
+	// commands with their own flags can be handled correctly.
+	execCmd.Flags().SetInterspersed(false)
+
+	return execCmd
+}
+
+func runExec(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, serviceName string, command []string, opts execCliOptions) error {
+	// Disable TTY allocation if not connected to a terminal
+	if !cli.IsStdoutTerminal() {
+		opts.noTty = true
+	}
+
+	if !opts.detach {
+		// Check if we're trying to attach to a TTY from a non-TTY client, e.g.
+		// when doing an 'cmd | uc exec ...'
+		stdin := streams.NewIn(os.Stdin)
+		// TODO: this logic/behavior mirrors docker-compose, but we can be smarter about it and detect TTY dynamically
+		if err := stdin.CheckTty(opts.interactive, !opts.noTty); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("check TTY: %w; use -T option to disable TTY allocation", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectClusterWithOptions(ctx, cli.ConnectOptions{
+		ShowProgress: false,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	execConfig := api.ExecOptions{
+		Command:     command,
+		AttachStdin: opts.interactive,
+		Tty:         !opts.noTty,
+		Detach:      opts.detach,
+	}
+
+	if !opts.detach {
+		execConfig.AttachStdout = true
+		execConfig.AttachStderr = true
+	}
+
+	exitCode, err := client.ExecContainer(ctx, serviceName, opts.containerId, execConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("exec container: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// For non-detached mode, exit with the same code as the executed command
+	if !opts.detach {
+		if exitCode != 0 {
+			os.Exit(exitCode)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/service/inspect.go

@@ -4,21 +4,22 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"slices"
 	"text/tabwriter"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/stringid"
 	"github.com/docker/go-units"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 type inspectOptions struct {
 	service string
-	context string
 }
 
-func NewInspectCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func NewInspectCommand(groupID string) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := inspectOptions{}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "inspect SERVICE",
@@ -29,16 +30,13 @@ func NewInspectCommand() *cobra.Command {
 			opts.service = args[0]
 			return inspect(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
 		},
+		GroupID: groupID,
 	}
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
-	)
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func inspect(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts inspectOptions) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -58,23 +56,31 @@ func inspect(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts inspectOptions) error {
 		machinesNamesByID[m.Machine.Id] = m.Machine.Name
 	}
 
-	fmt.Printf("ID:    %s\n", svc.ID)
-	fmt.Printf("Name:  %s\n", svc.Name)
-	fmt.Printf("Mode:  %s\n", svc.Mode)
+	fmt.Printf("Service ID: %s\n", svc.ID)
+	fmt.Printf("Name:       %s\n", svc.Name)
+	fmt.Printf("Mode:       %s\n", svc.Mode)
 	fmt.Println()
 
+	// Parse created times for sorting and display.
+	createdTimes := make(map[string]time.Time, len(svc.Containers))
+	for _, ctr := range svc.Containers {
+		createdTimes[ctr.Container.ID], _ = time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, ctr.Container.Created)
+	}
+
+	// Sort containers by created time (newest first).
+	slices.SortFunc(svc.Containers, func(a, b api.MachineServiceContainer) int {
+		return createdTimes[b.Container.ID].Compare(createdTimes[a.Container.ID])
+	})
+
 	// Print the list of containers in a table format.
 	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
-	if _, err = fmt.Fprintln(tw, "CONTAINER ID\tIMAGE\tCREATED\tSTATUS\tMACHINE"); err != nil {
+	if _, err = fmt.Fprintln(tw, "CONTAINER ID\tIMAGE\tCREATED\tSTATUS\tIP ADDRESS\tMACHINE"); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("write header: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	now := time.Now().UTC()
 	for _, ctr := range svc.Containers {
-		createdAt, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, ctr.Container.Created)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("parse created time: %w", err)
-		}
-		created := units.HumanDuration(time.Now().UTC().Sub(createdAt)) + " ago"
+		created := units.HumanDuration(now.Sub(createdTimes[ctr.Container.ID])) + " ago"
 
 		machine := machinesNamesByID[ctr.MachineID]
 		if machine == "" {
@@ -85,13 +91,21 @@ func inspect(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts inspectOptions) error {
 			return fmt.Errorf("get human state: %w", err)
 		}
 
+		ip := ctr.Container.UncloudNetworkIP()
+		ipStr := ""
+		// The container might not have an IP if it's not running or uses the host network.
+		if ip.IsValid() {
+			ipStr = ip.String()
+		}
+
 		_, err = fmt.Fprintf(
 			tw,
-			"%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n",
+			"%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n",
 			stringid.TruncateID(ctr.Container.ID),
 			ctr.Container.Config.Image,
 			created,
 			state,
+			ipStr,
 			machine,
 		)
 		if err != nil {

cmd/uncloud/service/logs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+	mapset "github.com/deckarep/golang-set/v2"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/stringid"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/compose"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type logsOptions struct {
+	files    []string
+	follow   bool
+	tail     string
+	since    string
+	until    string
+	utc      bool
+	machines []string
+}
+
+func NewLogsCommand(groupID string) *cobra.Command {
+	var options logsOptions
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "logs [SERVICE...]",
+		Aliases: []string{"log"},
+		Short:   "View service logs.",
+		Long: `View logs from all replicas of the specified service(s) across all machines in the cluster.
+
+If no services are specified, streams logs from all services defined in the Compose file
+(compose.yaml by default or the file(s) specified with --file).`,
+		Example: `  # View recent logs for a service.
+  uc logs web
+
+  # Stream logs in real-time (follow mode).
+  uc logs -f web
+
+  # View logs from multiple services.
+  uc logs web api db
+
+  # View logs from all services in compose.yaml.
+  uc logs
+
+  # Show last 20 lines per replica (default is 100).
+  uc logs -n 20 web
+
+  # Show all logs without line limit.
+  uc logs -n all web
+
+  # View logs from a specific time range.
+  uc logs --since 3h --until 1h30m web
+
+  # View logs only from replicas running on specific machines.
+  uc logs -m machine1,machine2 web api`,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return runLogs(cmd.Context(), uncli, args, options)
+		},
+		GroupID: groupID,
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVar(&options.files, "file", nil,
+		"One or more Compose files to load service names from when no services are specified. (default compose.yaml)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&options.follow, "follow", "f", false,
+		"Continually stream new logs.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&options.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
+		"Filter logs by machine name or ID. Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated list.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&options.since, "since", "",
+		"Show logs generated on or after the given timestamp. Accepts relative duration, RFC 3339 date, or Unix timestamp.\n"+
+			"Examples:\n"+
+			"  --since 2m30s                      Relative duration (2 minutes 30 seconds ago)\n"+
+			"  --since 1h                         Relative duration (1 hour ago)\n"+
+			"  --since 2025-11-24                 RFC 3339 date only (midnight using local timezone)\n"+
+			"  --since 2024-05-14T22:50:00        RFC 3339 date/time using local timezone\n"+
+			"  --since 2024-01-31T10:30:00Z       RFC 3339 date/time in UTC\n"+
+			"  --since 1763953966                 Unix timestamp (seconds since January 1, 1970)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&options.tail, "tail", "n", "100",
+		"Show the most recent logs and limit the number of lines shown per replica. Use 'all' to show all logs.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&options.until, "until", "",
+		"Show logs generated before the given timestamp. Accepts relative duration, RFC 3339 date, or Unix timestamp.\n"+
+			"See --since for examples.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&options.utc, "utc", false,
+		"Print timestamps in UTC instead of local timezone.")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func runLogs(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, serviceNames []string, opts logsOptions) error {
+	// If no services specified, try to load them from the Compose file(s).
+	fromCompose := false
+	if len(serviceNames) == 0 {
+		fromCompose = true
+		project, err := compose.LoadProject(ctx, opts.files)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("load Compose file(s): %w", err)
+		}
+		// View logs for all services, including disabled by inactive profiles.
+		serviceNames = append(project.ServiceNames(), project.DisabledServiceNames()...)
+		if len(serviceNames) == 0 {
+			return errors.New("no services found in Compose file(s)")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Parse tail option.
+	tail := -1
+	if opts.tail != "all" {
+		tailInt, err := strconv.Atoi(opts.tail)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid --tail value '%s': %w", opts.tail, err)
+		}
+		tail = tailInt
+	}
+
+	c, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer c.Close()
+
+	logsOpts := api.ServiceLogsOptions{
+		Follow:   opts.follow,
+		Tail:     tail,
+		Since:    opts.since,
+		Until:    opts.until,
+		Machines: cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.machines),
+	}
+
+	// Collect log streams from all services. When service names come from a Compose file,
+	// skip the ones that are not found in the cluster (they may have been removed or not deployed yet).
+	machineIDsSet := mapset.NewSet[string]()
+	svcStreams := make([]<-chan api.ServiceLogEntry, 0, len(serviceNames))
+	var foundServices, notFoundServices []string
+
+	for _, serviceName := range serviceNames {
+		svc, ch, err := c.ServiceLogs(ctx, serviceName, logsOpts)
+		if err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) && fromCompose {
+				notFoundServices = append(notFoundServices, serviceName)
+				continue
+			}
+			return fmt.Errorf("stream logs for service '%s': %w", serviceName, err)
+		}
+		svcStreams = append(svcStreams, ch)
+		foundServices = append(foundServices, serviceName)
+
+		machineIDs := svc.MachineIDs()
+		machineIDsSet.Append(machineIDs...)
+	}
+
+	if fromCompose {
+		if len(foundServices) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("stream logs for services defined in %s: no services found in the cluster",
+				strings.Join(opts.files, ", "))
+		}
+		serviceNames = foundServices
+
+		for _, name := range notFoundServices {
+			client.PrintWarning(fmt.Sprintf("service '%s' not found in the cluster, skipping", name))
+		}
+	}
+
+	var stream <-chan api.ServiceLogEntry
+	if len(serviceNames) == 1 {
+		stream = svcStreams[0]
+	} else {
+		// Merge all service streams into a single sorted stream without stall detection as its handled per-service.
+		merger := client.NewLogMerger(svcStreams, client.LogMergerOptions{})
+		stream = merger.Stream()
+	}
+
+	// Fetch machine names for all machines (machineIDsSet) service containers are running on.
+	machines, err := c.ListMachines(ctx, &api.MachineFilter{NamesOrIDs: machineIDsSet.ToSlice()})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
+	}
+	machineNames := make([]string, 0, len(machines))
+	for _, m := range machines {
+		machineNames = append(machineNames, m.Machine.Name)
+	}
+
+	formatter := newLogFormatter(machineNames, serviceNames, opts.utc)
+
+	// Print merged logs.
+	for entry := range stream {
+		if entry.Err != nil {
+			formatter.printError(entry)
+			continue
+		}
+		formatter.printEntry(entry)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Available colors for machine/service differentiation.
+var colorPalette = []lipgloss.Color{
+	lipgloss.Color("10"), // Bright green
+	lipgloss.Color("11"), // Bright yellow
+	lipgloss.Color("12"), // Bright blue
+	lipgloss.Color("13"), // Bright magenta
+	lipgloss.Color("14"), // Bright cyan
+	lipgloss.Color("2"),  // Green
+	lipgloss.Color("3"),  // Yellow
+	lipgloss.Color("4"),  // Blue
+	lipgloss.Color("5"),  // Magenta
+	lipgloss.Color("6"),  // Cyan
+}
+
+// logFormatter handles formatting and printing of log entries with dynamic column alignment.
+type logFormatter struct {
+	machineNames []string
+	serviceNames []string
+
+	maxMachineWidth int
+	maxServiceWidth int
+
+	utc bool
+}
+
+func newLogFormatter(machineNames, serviceNames []string, utc bool) *logFormatter {
+	slices.Sort(machineNames)
+	slices.Sort(serviceNames)
+
+	maxMachineWidth := 0
+	for _, name := range machineNames {
+		if len(name) > maxMachineWidth {
+			maxMachineWidth = len(name)
+		}
+	}
+
+	maxServiceWidth := 0
+	for _, name := range serviceNames {
+		if len(name) > maxServiceWidth {
+			maxServiceWidth = len(name)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &logFormatter{
+		machineNames:    machineNames,
+		serviceNames:    serviceNames,
+		maxMachineWidth: maxMachineWidth,
+		maxServiceWidth: maxServiceWidth,
+		utc:             utc,
+	}
+}
+
+// formatTimestamp formats timestamp using local timezone or UTC if configured.
+func (f *logFormatter) formatTimestamp(t time.Time) string {
+	if f.utc {
+		t = t.UTC()
+	} else {
+		t = t.In(time.Local)
+	}
+	dimStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Faint(true)
+
+	return dimStyle.Render(t.Format(time.StampMilli))
+}
+
+func (f *logFormatter) formatMachine(name string) string {
+	style := lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true).PaddingRight(f.maxMachineWidth - len(name))
+
+	if len(f.serviceNames) == 1 {
+		// Machine name is coloured for single-service logs.
+		i := slices.Index(f.machineNames, name)
+		if i == -1 {
+			f.machineNames = append(f.machineNames, name)
+			i = len(f.machineNames) - 1
+		}
+
+		style = style.Foreground(colorPalette[i%len(colorPalette)])
+	}
+
+	return style.Render(name)
+}
+
+func (f *logFormatter) formatServiceContainer(serviceName, containerID string) string {
+	styleService := lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true).PaddingRight(f.maxServiceWidth - len(serviceName))
+	styleContainer := lipgloss.NewStyle().Faint(true)
+
+	if len(f.serviceNames) > 1 {
+		// Service name is coloured for multi-service logs.
+		i := slices.Index(f.serviceNames, serviceName)
+		if i == -1 {
+			f.serviceNames = append(f.serviceNames, serviceName)
+			i = len(f.serviceNames) - 1
+		}
+
+		styleService = styleService.Foreground(colorPalette[i%len(colorPalette)])
+	}
+
+	return styleService.Render(serviceName) + styleContainer.Render("["+containerID[:5]+"]")
+}
+
+// printEntry prints a single log entry with proper formatting.
+func (f *logFormatter) printEntry(entry api.ServiceLogEntry) {
+	if entry.Stream != api.LogStreamStdout && entry.Stream != api.LogStreamStderr {
+		return
+	}
+
+	var output strings.Builder
+
+	// Timestamp
+	output.WriteString(f.formatTimestamp(entry.Timestamp))
+	output.WriteString(" ")
+
+	// Machine name
+	output.WriteString(f.formatMachine(entry.Metadata.MachineName))
+	output.WriteString(" ")
+
+	// Service[container_id]
+	output.WriteString(f.formatServiceContainer(entry.Metadata.ServiceName, entry.Metadata.ContainerID))
+	output.WriteString(" ")
+
+	// Message
+	output.Write(entry.Message)
+
+	// Print to appropriate stream.
+	if entry.Stream == api.LogStreamStderr {
+		fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, output.String())
+	} else {
+		fmt.Print(output.String())
+	}
+}
+
+// printError prints an error entry (e.g., stalled stream warning).
+func (f *logFormatter) printError(entry api.ServiceLogEntry) {
+	if entry.Metadata.ContainerID != "" {
+		msg := fmt.Sprintf("WARNING: log stream from %s[%s] on machine '%s'",
+			entry.Metadata.ServiceName,
+			stringid.TruncateID(entry.Metadata.ContainerID),
+			entry.Metadata.MachineName)
+
+		if errors.Is(entry.Err, api.ErrLogStreamStalled) {
+			msg += " stopped responding"
+		} else {
+			msg += fmt.Sprintf(": %v", entry.Err)
+		}
+
+		style := lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true).Foreground(lipgloss.Color("11")) // Bold bright yellow
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, style.Render(msg))
+	} else {
+		msg := fmt.Sprintf("ERROR: %v", entry.Err)
+		style := lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true).Foreground(lipgloss.Color("9")) // Bold bright red
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, style.Render(msg))
+	}
+}

cmd/uncloud/service/ls.go

@@ -4,33 +4,31 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"text/tabwriter"
 
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
-func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
-	var contextName string
+func NewListCommand(groupID string) *cobra.Command {
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "ls",
 		Aliases: []string{"list"},
 		Short:   "List services.",
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
-			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli, contextName)
+			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli)
 		},
+		GroupID: groupID,
 	}
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&contextName, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
-	)
 	return cmd
 }
 
-func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, contextName string) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, contextName)
+func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -41,15 +39,15 @@ func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, contextName string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("list services: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	serviceNames := make(map[string]struct{}, len(services))
+	// Sort services by name.
 	haveDuplicateNames := false
-	for _, svc := range services {
-		if _, exists := serviceNames[svc.Name]; exists {
+	slices.SortFunc(services, func(a, b api.Service) int {
+		if a.Name == b.Name {
 			haveDuplicateNames = true
-			break
+			return strings.Compare(a.ID, b.ID)
 		}
-		serviceNames[svc.Name] = struct{}{}
-	}
+		return strings.Compare(a.Name, b.Name)
+	})
 
 	// Print the list of services in a table format.
 	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
@@ -67,6 +65,15 @@ func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, contextName string) error {
 		images := strings.Join(s.Images(), ", ")
 		endpoints := strings.Join(s.Endpoints(), ", ")
 
+		// If no endpoints from ports, check if the service uses custom Caddy config.
+		if endpoints == "" {
+			for _, ctr := range s.Containers {
+				if ctr.Container.ServiceSpec.CaddyConfig() != "" {
+					endpoints = "(custom Caddy config)"
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
 		if haveDuplicateNames {
 			if _, err = fmt.Fprintf(tw, "%s\t", s.ID); err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("write row: %w", err)

cmd/uncloud/service/rm.go

@@ -11,31 +11,32 @@ import (
 
 type rmOptions struct {
 	services []string
-	context  string
 }
 
-func NewRmCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func NewRmCommand(groupID string) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := rmOptions{}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "rm SERVICE [SERVICE...]",
 		Aliases: []string{"remove", "delete"},
 		Short:   "Remove one or more services.",
-		Args:    cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+		Long: `Remove one or more services.
+
+The volumes used by the services are preserved and should be removed separately
+with 'uc volume rm'. Anonymous Docker volumes (automatically created from VOLUME
+directives in image Dockerfiles) are automatically removed with their containers.`,
+		Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
 			opts.services = args
 			return rm(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
 		},
+		GroupID: groupID,
 	}
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
-	)
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func rm(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts rmOptions) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/service/root.go

@@ -8,14 +8,18 @@ func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "service",
 		Aliases: []string{"svc"},
-		Short:   "Manage services in an Uncloud cluster.",
+		Short:   "Manage services in the cluster.",
 	}
 	cmd.AddCommand(
-		NewInspectCommand(),
-		NewListCommand(),
-		NewRmCommand(),
-		NewRunCommand(),
-		NewScaleCommand(),
+		NewExecCommand(""),
+		NewInspectCommand(""),
+		NewListCommand(""),
+		NewLogsCommand(""),
+		NewRmCommand(""),
+		NewRunCommand(""),
+		NewScaleCommand(""),
+		NewStartCommand(""),
+		NewStopCommand(""),
 	)
 	return cmd
 }

cmd/uncloud/service/run.go

@@ -34,11 +34,9 @@ type runOptions struct {
 	replicas          uint
 	user              string
 	volumes           []string
-
-	context string
 }
 
-func NewRunCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func NewRunCommand(groupID string) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := runOptions{}
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
@@ -56,6 +54,7 @@ func NewRunCommand() *cobra.Command {
 
 			return run(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
 		},
+		GroupID: groupID,
 	}
 
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.caddyfile, "caddyfile", "",
@@ -112,11 +111,6 @@ func NewRunCommand() *cobra.Command {
 			"  -v /data/uploads:/app/uploads         	 Bind mount /data/uploads host directory to /app/uploads in container\n"+
 			"  -v /host/path:/container/path:ro 		 Bind mount a host directory or file as read-only")
 
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context to run the service in. (default is the current context)",
-	)
-
 	return cmd
 }
 
@@ -126,7 +120,7 @@ func run(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts runOptions) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/service/scale.go

@@ -15,10 +15,9 @@ import (
 type scaleOptions struct {
 	service  string
 	replicas uint
-	context  string
 }
 
-func NewScaleCommand() *cobra.Command {
+func NewScaleCommand(groupID string) *cobra.Command {
 	opts := scaleOptions{}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "scale SERVICE REPLICAS",
@@ -37,13 +36,9 @@ func NewScaleCommand() *cobra.Command {
 
 			return scale(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
 		},
+		GroupID: groupID,
 	}
 
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
-	)
-
 	return cmd
 }
 
@@ -57,7 +52,7 @@ func scale(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts scaleOptions) error {
 		)
 	}
 
-	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/service/start.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+//nolint:dupl
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type startOptions struct {
+	services []string
+}
+
+func NewStartCommand(groupID string) *cobra.Command {
+	opts := startOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "start SERVICE [SERVICE...]",
+		Short: "Start one or more services.",
+		Long: `Start one or more previously stopped services.
+
+Starts all containers of the specified service(s) across all machines in the cluster.
+Services can be specified by name or ID.`,
+		Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			opts.services = args
+			return start(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+		GroupID: groupID,
+	}
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func start(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts startOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	for _, s := range opts.services {
+		err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			if err = client.StartService(ctx, s); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("start service '%s': %w", s, err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}, uncli.ProgressOut(), "Starting service "+s)
+	}
+
+	return err
+}

cmd/uncloud/service/stop.go

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+//nolint:dupl
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type stopOptions struct {
+	services []string
+	signal   string
+	timeout  int
+}
+
+func NewStopCommand(groupID string) *cobra.Command {
+	opts := stopOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "stop SERVICE [SERVICE...]",
+		Short: "Stop one or more services.",
+		Long: `Stop one or more running services.
+
+Gracefully stops all containers of the specified service(s) across all machines in the cluster.
+Services can be specified by name or ID. Stopped services can be restarted with 'uc start'.`,
+		Args: cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			opts.services = args
+			return stop(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+		GroupID: groupID,
+	}
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.signal, "signal", "s", "",
+		"Signal to send to each container's main process.\n"+
+			"Can be a signal name (SIGTERM, SIGINT, SIGHUP, etc.) or a number. (default SIGTERM)")
+	cmd.Flags().IntVarP(&opts.timeout, "timeout", "t", 10,
+		"Seconds to wait for each container to stop gracefully before forcibly killing it with SIGKILL.\n"+
+			"Use -1 to wait indefinitely.")
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func stop(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts stopOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	stopOpts := container.StopOptions{
+		Signal:  opts.signal,
+		Timeout: &opts.timeout,
+	}
+
+	for _, s := range opts.services {
+		err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			if err = client.StopService(ctx, s, stopOpts); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("stop service '%s': %w", s, err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}, uncli.ProgressOut(), "Stopping service "+s)
+	}
+
+	return err
+}

cmd/uncloud/volume/create.go

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ type createOptions struct {
 	driverOpts []string
 	labels     []string
 	machine    string
-	context    string
 }
 
 func NewCreateCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -50,14 +49,12 @@ func NewCreateCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		"Labels to assign to the volume in the form of 'key=value' pairs. Can be specified multiple times.")
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.machine, "machine", "m", "",
 		"Name or ID of the machine to create the volume on.")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
 
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func create(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, name string, opts createOptions) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/volume/inspect.go

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import (
 
 type inspectOptions struct {
 	machine string
-	context string
 }
 
 func NewInspectCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -32,14 +31,12 @@ func NewInspectCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.machine, "machine", "m", "",
 		"Name or ID of the machine where the volume is located. "+
 			"If not specified, the volume will be searched across all machines.")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
 
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func inspect(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, name string, opts inspectOptions) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/volume/ls.go

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import (
 type listOptions struct {
 	machines []string
 	quiet    bool
-	context  string
 }
 
 func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -38,14 +37,11 @@ func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.quiet, "quiet", "q", false,
 		"Only display volume names.")
 
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
-
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts listOptions) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/volume/rm.go

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ type removeOptions struct {
 	force    bool
 	machines []string
 	yes      bool
-	context  string
 }
 
 func NewRemoveCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -41,14 +40,11 @@ func NewRemoveCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.yes, "yes", "y", false,
 		"Do not prompt for confirmation before removing the volume(s).")
 
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
-
 	return cmd
 }
 
 func remove(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, names []string, opts removeOptions) error {
-	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/uncloud/volume/root.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "volume",
-		Short: "Manage volumes in an Uncloud cluster.",
+		Short: "Manage volumes in the cluster.",
 	}
 	cmd.AddCommand(
 		NewCreateCommand(),

cmd/uncloud/wg/wg.go

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+package wg
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"text/tabwriter"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/docker/go-units"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+)
+
+func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "wg",
+		Short: "Inspect WireGuard network",
+	}
+	cmd.AddCommand(newShowCommand())
+	return cmd
+}
+
+type showOptions struct {
+	machine string
+}
+
+func newShowCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := showOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "show",
+		Short: "Show WireGuard network configuration for a machine.",
+		Long: "Show the WireGuard network configuration for the machine currently connected to " +
+			"(or specified by the global --connect flag).",
+		Args: cobra.NoArgs,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return runShow(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.machine, "machine", "m", "",
+		"Name or ID of the machine to show the configuration for. (default is connected machine)")
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func runShow(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts showOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connection failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	if opts.machine != "" {
+		// Proxy requests to the specified machine.
+		ctx, _, err = client.ProxyMachinesContext(ctx, []string{opts.machine})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	resp, err := client.MachineClient.InspectWireGuardNetwork(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		if status.Code(err) == codes.Unimplemented {
+			return fmt.Errorf("inspect WireGuard network: "+
+				"make sure the target machine is running uncloudd daemon version >= 0.16.0: %w", err)
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+
+	machines, err := client.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
+	}
+	machinesNamesByPublicKey := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, m := range machines {
+		publicKey := wgtypes.Key(m.Machine.Network.PublicKey).String()
+		machinesNamesByPublicKey[publicKey] = m.Machine.Name
+	}
+
+	// Fetch the machine's name for more descriptive output
+	inspectResp, err := client.MachineClient.InspectMachine(ctx, nil)
+	if err == nil {
+		fmt.Printf("Machine name:         %s\n", inspectResp.Machines[0].Machine.Name)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("WireGuard interface:  %s\n", resp.InterfaceName)
+	fmt.Printf("WireGuard public key: %s\n", wgtypes.Key(resp.PublicKey).String())
+	fmt.Printf("WireGuard port:       %d\n", resp.ListenPort)
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	if len(resp.Peers) == 0 {
+		fmt.Println("No WireGuard peers configured.")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
+	if _, err = fmt.Fprintln(tw, "PEER\tPUBLIC KEY\tENDPOINT\tHANDSHAKE\tRECEIVED\tSENT\tALLOWED IPS"); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("write header: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, peer := range resp.Peers {
+		machineName, ok := machinesNamesByPublicKey[wgtypes.Key(peer.PublicKey).String()]
+		if !ok {
+			machineName = "(unknown)"
+		}
+
+		lastHandshake := ""
+		if peer.LastHandshakeTime != nil {
+			lastHandshake = time.Since(peer.LastHandshakeTime.AsTime()).Round(time.Second).String() + " ago"
+		}
+
+		_, err = fmt.Fprintf(
+			tw,
+			"%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n",
+			machineName,
+			wgtypes.Key(peer.PublicKey).String(),
+			peer.Endpoint,
+			lastHandshake,
+			units.HumanSize(float64(peer.ReceiveBytes)),
+			units.HumanSize(float64(peer.TransmitBytes)),
+			strings.Join(peer.AllowedIps, ", "),
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("write row: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return tw.Flush()
+}

cmd/uncloudd/dialstdio.go

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func newDialStdioCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	var socketPath string
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:    "dial-stdio",
+		Short:  "Proxy stdin/stdout to the Uncloud API socket",
+		Hidden: true,
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			return runDialStdio(cmd.Context(), socketPath, os.Stdin, os.Stdout)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&socketPath, "socket", machine.DefaultUncloudSockPath,
+		"Path to the Uncloud API socket")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+// halfReadCloser is the read side of a half-duplex connection.
+type halfReadCloser interface {
+	io.Reader
+	CloseRead() error
+}
+
+// halfWriteCloser is the write side of a half-duplex connection.
+type halfWriteCloser interface {
+	io.Writer
+	CloseWrite() error
+}
+
+// halfReadCloserWrapper wraps an io.ReadCloser to implement halfReadCloser.
+type halfReadCloserWrapper struct {
+	io.ReadCloser
+}
+
+func (x *halfReadCloserWrapper) CloseRead() error {
+	return x.Close()
+}
+
+// halfWriteCloserWrapper wraps an io.WriteCloser to implement halfWriteCloser.
+type halfWriteCloserWrapper struct {
+	io.WriteCloser
+}
+
+func (x *halfWriteCloserWrapper) CloseWrite() error {
+	return x.Close()
+}
+
+func runDialStdio(ctx context.Context, socketPath string, stdin io.Reader, stdout io.Writer) error {
+	// Connect to the unix socket.
+	var dialer net.Dialer
+	conn, err := dialer.DialContext(ctx, "unix", socketPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to socket %q: %w", socketPath, err)
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	// Wrap stdin/stdout to support half-closing.
+	var stdinCloser halfReadCloser
+	if c, ok := stdin.(halfReadCloser); ok {
+		stdinCloser = c
+	} else if c, ok := stdin.(io.ReadCloser); ok {
+		stdinCloser = &halfReadCloserWrapper{c}
+	}
+
+	var stdoutCloser halfWriteCloser
+	if c, ok := stdout.(halfWriteCloser); ok {
+		stdoutCloser = c
+	} else if c, ok := stdout.(io.WriteCloser); ok {
+		stdoutCloser = &halfWriteCloserWrapper{c}
+	}
+
+	// Copy data bidirectionally between stdin/stdout and the socket.
+	stdin2socket := make(chan error, 1)
+	socket2stdout := make(chan error, 1)
+
+	// Copy from stdin to socket.
+	go func() {
+		_, err := io.Copy(conn, stdin)
+		stdin2socket <- err
+		// Close write side of connection after stdin is done.
+		if unixConn, ok := conn.(*net.UnixConn); ok {
+			unixConn.CloseWrite()
+		}
+		if stdinCloser != nil {
+			stdinCloser.CloseRead()
+		}
+	}()
+
+	// Copy from socket to stdout.
+	go func() {
+		_, err := io.Copy(stdout, conn)
+		socket2stdout <- err
+		// Close read side of connection after socket is done sending.
+		if unixConn, ok := conn.(*net.UnixConn); ok {
+			unixConn.CloseRead()
+		}
+		if stdoutCloser != nil {
+			stdoutCloser.CloseWrite()
+		}
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case err = <-stdin2socket:
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		// wait for stdout
+		err = <-socket2stdout
+	case err = <-socket2stdout:
+		// return immediately, matching Docker's approach
+		// (stdin is never closed when TTY)
+	}
+	return err
+}

cmd/uncloudd/main.go

@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ func main() {
 		"Directory for storing persistent machine state")
 	_ = cmd.MarkFlagDirname("data-dir")
 
+	// Add dial-stdio subcommand.
+	cmd.AddCommand(newDialStdioCommand())
+
 	// ctx is canceled when the daemon command is interrupted.
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 

go.mod

@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ require (
 	github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.20.0
 	github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2 v2.8.4
 	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0
-	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v0.20.0
-	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.9
+	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v0.21.0
+	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.10
 	github.com/charmbracelet/huh v0.6.0
+	github.com/charmbracelet/huh/spinner v0.0.0-20251110114415-25888d17260b
 	github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v1.1.0
 	github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2 v2.9.0
 	github.com/containerd/errdefs v1.0.0
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0
 	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0
 	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.1
-	github.com/psviderski/unregistry v0.3.1
+	github.com/psviderski/unregistry v0.4.1
 	github.com/siderolabs/discovery-api v0.1.4
 	github.com/siderolabs/discovery-client v0.1.9
 	github.com/siderolabs/grpc-proxy v0.5.1
@@ -65,25 +66,43 @@ require (
 	google.golang.org/grpc v1.74.2
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.9
 	modernc.org/sqlite v1.36.3
+	tags.cncf.io/container-device-interface v1.0.1
 )
 
 require (
 	cloud.google.com/go/kms v1.19.0 // indirect
 	cloud.google.com/go/longrunning v0.6.0 // indirect
 	filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2 v2.3.7 // indirect
 	github.com/AndreasBriese/bbloom v0.0.0-20190825152654-46b345b51c96 // indirect
 	github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20250102033503-faa5f7b0171c // indirect
+	github.com/DefangLabs/secret-detector v0.0.0-20250403165618-22662109213e // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/goutils v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/sprig/v3 v3.2.3 // indirect
 	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2 // indirect
 	github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.13.0 // indirect
+	github.com/acarl005/stripansi v0.0.0-20180116102854-5a71ef0e047d // indirect
 	github.com/antlr4-go/antlr/v4 v4.13.0 // indirect
+	github.com/apparentlymart/go-textseg/v15 v15.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/armon/circbuf v0.0.0-20190214190532-5111143e8da2 // indirect
 	github.com/armon/go-metrics v0.4.1 // indirect
 	github.com/armon/go-radix v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/aryann/difflib v0.0.0-20210328193216-ff5ff6dc229b // indirect
 	github.com/atotto/clipboard v0.1.4 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.30.3 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config v1.27.27 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/credentials v1.17.27 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/feature/ec2/imds v1.16.11 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/configsources v1.3.15 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/endpoints/v2 v2.6.15 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/ini v1.8.0 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/internal/accept-encoding v1.11.3 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/internal/presigned-url v1.11.17 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sso v1.22.4 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/ssooidc v1.26.4 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sts v1.30.3 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/smithy-go v1.20.3 // indirect
 	github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/bgentry/speakeasy v0.2.0 // indirect
@@ -112,7 +131,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/containerd/ttrpc v1.2.7 // indirect
 	github.com/containerd/typeurl/v2 v2.2.3 // indirect
 	github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.7 // indirect
-	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc // indirect
 	github.com/decred/dcrd/dcrec/secp256k1/v4 v4.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/dgraph-io/badger v1.6.2 // indirect
 	github.com/dgraph-io/badger/v2 v2.2007.4 // indirect
@@ -122,28 +141,37 @@ require (
 	github.com/distribution/distribution/v3 v3.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.11.5 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/buildx v0.29.1 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/cli-docs-tool v0.10.0 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.3+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.9.3 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/go v1.5.1-1.0.20160303222718-d30aec9fd63c // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-events v0.0.0-20190806004212-e31b211e4f1c // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-metrics v0.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/docker/libtrust v0.0.0-20160708172513-aabc10ec26b7 // indirect
 	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/eiannone/keyboard v0.0.0-20220611211555-0d226195f203 // indirect
+	github.com/emicklei/go-restful/v3 v3.11.0 // indirect
 	github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f // indirect
-	github.com/fatih/color v1.17.0 // indirect
+	github.com/fatih/color v1.18.0 // indirect
 	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/fsnotify/fsevents v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/fvbommel/sortorder v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3 v3.0.3 // indirect
 	github.com/go-kit/kit v0.13.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-kit/log v0.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logfmt/logfmt v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/go-openapi/jsonpointer v0.21.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-openapi/jsonreference v0.20.2 // indirect
+	github.com/go-openapi/swag v0.23.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.8.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-task/slim-sprig/v3 v3.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/godbus/dbus/v5 v5.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gofrs/flock v0.12.1 // indirect
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
+	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/glog v1.2.5 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20210331224755-41bb18bfe9da // indirect
 	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 // indirect
@@ -151,13 +179,17 @@ require (
 	github.com/google/btree v1.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/google/cel-go v0.20.1 // indirect
 	github.com/google/flatbuffers v24.3.25+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/google/gnostic-models v0.6.8 // indirect
+	github.com/google/gofuzz v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20250403155104-27863c87afa6 // indirect
 	github.com/google/shlex v0.0.0-20191202100458-e7afc7fbc510 // indirect
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/handlers v1.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.1 // indirect
+	github.com/gorilla/websocket v1.5.3 // indirect
 	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.26.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-immutable-radix v1.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-immutable-radix/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-msgpack v0.5.5 // indirect
@@ -175,6 +207,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/imdario/mergo v0.3.16 // indirect
 	github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang v0.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/inhies/go-bytesize v0.0.0-20220417184213-4913239db9cf // indirect
 	github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/ipfs/go-block-format v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/ipfs/go-ipfs-util v0.0.3 // indirect
@@ -192,7 +225,11 @@ require (
 	github.com/jackc/pgtype v1.14.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jackc/pgx/v4 v4.18.3 // indirect
 	github.com/jbenet/goprocess v0.1.4 // indirect
+	github.com/jonboulle/clockwork v0.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/josharian/native v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
+	github.com/kballard/go-shellquote v0.0.0-20180428030007-95032a82bc51 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.0 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.9 // indirect
 	github.com/lann/builder v0.0.0-20180802200727-47ae307949d0 // indirect
@@ -203,6 +240,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-pubsub v0.11.0 // indirect
 	github.com/libp2p/go-msgio v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.7 // indirect
 	github.com/manifoldco/promptui v0.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
@@ -214,6 +252,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/mdlayher/socket v0.5.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mgutz/ansi v0.0.0-20200706080929-d51e80ef957d // indirect
 	github.com/mholt/acmez/v2 v2.0.3 // indirect
+	github.com/miekg/pkcs11 v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/minio/sha256-simd v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/cli v1.1.5 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/copystructure v1.2.0 // indirect
@@ -226,12 +265,17 @@ require (
 	github.com/moby/go-archive v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/locker v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/patternmatcher v0.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/spdystream v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/sys/atomicwriter v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/capability v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/sys/mountinfo v0.7.2 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/sys/sequential v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/sys/signal v0.7.1 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/symlink v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/sys/user v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/sys/userns v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
+	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/morikuni/aec v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6 // indirect
@@ -246,6 +290,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/multiformats/go-multistream v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/multiformats/go-varint v0.0.7 // indirect
 	github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 // indirect
+	github.com/mxk/go-flowrate v0.0.0-20140419014527-cca7078d478f // indirect
 	github.com/ncruces/go-strftime v0.1.9 // indirect
 	github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2 v2.22.0 // indirect
 	github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.2.1 // indirect
@@ -273,11 +318,13 @@ require (
 	github.com/santhosh-tekuri/jsonschema/v6 v6.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/sean-/seed v0.0.0-20170313163322-e2103e2c3529 // indirect
 	github.com/secure-systems-lab/go-securesystemslib v0.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/serialx/hashring v0.0.0-20200727003509-22c0c7ab6b1b // indirect
 	github.com/shibumi/go-pathspec v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/shopspring/decimal v1.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/shurcooL/sanitized_anchor_name v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/siderolabs/gen v0.4.8 // indirect
 	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3 // indirect
+	github.com/skratchdot/open-golang v0.0.0-20200116055534-eef842397966 // indirect
 	github.com/slackhq/nebula v1.6.1 // indirect
 	github.com/smallstep/certificates v0.26.1 // indirect
 	github.com/smallstep/nosql v0.6.1 // indirect
@@ -290,6 +337,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/stoewer/go-strcase v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/tailscale/tscert v0.0.0-20240517230440-bbccfbf48933 // indirect
+	github.com/theupdateframework/notary v0.7.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tilt-dev/fsnotify v1.4.8-0.20220602155310-fff9c274a375 // indirect
 	github.com/tonistiigi/dchapes-mode v0.0.0-20250318174251-73d941a28323 // indirect
 	github.com/tonistiigi/fsutil v0.0.0-20250605211040-586307ad452f // indirect
 	github.com/tonistiigi/go-csvvalue v0.0.0-20240814133006-030d3b2625d0 // indirect
@@ -298,8 +347,10 @@ require (
 	github.com/urfave/cli v1.22.17 // indirect
 	github.com/vbatts/tar-split v0.12.1 // indirect
 	github.com/vishvananda/netns v0.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 // indirect
 	github.com/xhit/go-str2duration/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/xo/terminfo v0.0.0-20220910002029-abceb7e1c41e // indirect
+	github.com/zclconf/go-cty v1.17.0 // indirect
 	github.com/zeebo/blake3 v0.2.4 // indirect
 	go.etcd.io/bbolt v1.4.3 // indirect
 	go.opencensus.io v0.24.0 // indirect
@@ -339,17 +390,30 @@ require (
 	golang.org/x/crypto/x509roots/fallback v0.0.0-20240507223354-67b13616a595 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250408133849-7e4ce0ab07d0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/mod v0.27.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.30.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.28.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.11.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/tools v0.36.0 // indirect
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wintun v0.0.0-20230126152724-0fa3db229ce2 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250528174236-200df99c418a // indirect
+	gopkg.in/evanphx/json-patch.v4 v4.12.0 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/inf.v0 v0.9.1 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 	gvisor.dev/gvisor v0.0.0-20230927004350-cbd86285d259 // indirect
 	howett.net/plist v1.0.0 // indirect
+	k8s.io/api v0.32.3 // indirect
+	k8s.io/apimachinery v0.32.3 // indirect
+	k8s.io/client-go v0.32.3 // indirect
+	k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.130.1 // indirect
+	k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20241105132330-32ad38e42d3f // indirect
+	k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20241104100929-3ea5e8cea738 // indirect
 	lukechampine.com/blake3 v1.3.0 // indirect
 	modernc.org/libc v1.61.13 // indirect
 	modernc.org/mathutil v1.7.1 // indirect
 	modernc.org/memory v1.8.2 // indirect
+	sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20241010143419-9aa6b5e7a4b3 // indirect
+	sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v4 v4.4.2 // indirect
+	sigs.k8s.io/yaml v1.4.0 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 h1:FNf4tywRC1HmFuKW5xopWpigGjJKiJSV0Cqo0cJWDaA=
 filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0/go.mod h1:BxyFTGdWcka3PhytdK4V28tE5sGfRvvvRV7EaN4VDT4=
 github.com/AdaLogics/go-fuzz-headers v0.0.0-20240806141605-e8a1dd7889d6 h1:He8afgbRMd7mFxO99hRNu+6tazq8nFF9lIwo9JFroBk=
 github.com/AdaLogics/go-fuzz-headers v0.0.0-20240806141605-e8a1dd7889d6/go.mod h1:8o94RPi1/7XTJvwPpRSzSUedZrtlirdB3r9Z20bi2f8=
+github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2 v2.3.7 h1:6I/u8FvytdGsgonrYsVn2t8t4QiRnh6QSTqkkhIiSjQ=
+github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2 v2.3.7/go.mod h1:xUTIdE4KCOIjsBAE1JYsUPoCqYdZ1reCfTwbto0Fduo=
 github.com/AndreasBriese/bbloom v0.0.0-20190825152654-46b345b51c96 h1:cTp8I5+VIoKjsnZuH8vjyaysT/ses3EvZeaV/1UkF2M=
 github.com/AndreasBriese/bbloom v0.0.0-20190825152654-46b345b51c96/go.mod h1:bOvUY6CB00SOBii9/FifXqc0awNKxLFCL/+pkDPuyl8=
 github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20250102033503-faa5f7b0171c h1:udKWzYgxTojEKWjV8V+WSxDXJ4NFATAsZjh8iIbsQIg=
@@ -26,6 +28,8 @@ github.com/BurntSushi/toml v0.3.1/go.mod h1:xHWCNGjB5oqiDr8zfno3MHue2Ht5sIBksp03
 github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.5.0 h1:W5quZX/G/csjUnuI8SUYlsHs9M38FC7znL0lIO+DvMg=
 github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.5.0/go.mod h1:ukJfTF/6rtPPRCnwkur4qwRxa8vTRFBF0uk2lLoLwho=
 github.com/DataDog/datadog-go v3.2.0+incompatible/go.mod h1:LButxg5PwREeZtORoXG3tL4fMGNddJ+vMq1mwgfaqoQ=
+github.com/DefangLabs/secret-detector v0.0.0-20250403165618-22662109213e h1:rd4bOvKmDIx0WeTv9Qz+hghsgyjikFiPrseXHlKepO0=
+github.com/DefangLabs/secret-detector v0.0.0-20250403165618-22662109213e/go.mod h1:blbwPQh4DTlCZEfk1BLU4oMIhLda2U+A840Uag9DsZw=
 github.com/MakeNowJust/heredoc v1.0.0 h1:cXCdzVdstXyiTqTvfqk9SDHpKNjxuom+DOlyEeQ4pzQ=
 github.com/MakeNowJust/heredoc v1.0.0/go.mod h1:mG5amYoWBHf8vpLOuehzbGGw0EHxpZZ6lCpQ4fNJ8LE=
 github.com/Masterminds/goutils v1.1.1 h1:5nUrii3FMTL5diU80unEVvNevw1nH4+ZV4DSLVJLSYI=
@@ -46,9 +50,15 @@ github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2 h1:F2VQgta7ecxGYO8k3ZZz3RS8fVIXVxONVUPlNERo
 github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2/go.mod h1:yd8OoFMLzJbo9gZq8j5qaps8bJ9aShtEA8Ipt1oGCvU=
 github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.13.0 h1:/BcXOiS6Qi7N9XqUcv27vkIuVOkBEcWstd2pMlWSeaA=
 github.com/Microsoft/hcsshim v0.13.0/go.mod h1:9KWJ/8DgU+QzYGupX4tzMhRQE8h6w90lH6HAaclpEok=
+github.com/Netflix/go-expect v0.0.0-20220104043353-73e0943537d2 h1:+vx7roKuyA63nhn5WAunQHLTznkw5W8b1Xc0dNjp83s=
+github.com/Netflix/go-expect v0.0.0-20220104043353-73e0943537d2/go.mod h1:HBCaDeC1lPdgDeDbhX8XFpy1jqjK0IBG8W5K+xYqA0w=
 github.com/OneOfOne/xxhash v1.2.2/go.mod h1:HSdplMjZKSmBqAxg5vPj2TmRDmfkzw+cTzAElWljhcU=
 github.com/OneOfOne/xxhash v1.2.8 h1:31czK/TI9sNkxIKfaUfGlU47BAxQ0ztGgd9vPyqimf8=
 github.com/OneOfOne/xxhash v1.2.8/go.mod h1:eZbhyaAYD41SGSSsnmcpxVoRiQ/MPUTjUdIIOT9Um7Q=
+github.com/Shopify/logrus-bugsnag v0.0.0-20170309145241-6dbc35f2c30d h1:hi6J4K6DKrR4/ljxn6SF6nURyu785wKMuQcjt7H3VCQ=
+github.com/Shopify/logrus-bugsnag v0.0.0-20170309145241-6dbc35f2c30d/go.mod h1:HI8ITrYtUY+O+ZhtlqUnD8+KwNPOyugEhfP9fdUIaEQ=
+github.com/acarl005/stripansi v0.0.0-20180116102854-5a71ef0e047d h1:licZJFw2RwpHMqeKTCYkitsPqHNxTmd4SNR5r94FGM8=
+github.com/acarl005/stripansi v0.0.0-20180116102854-5a71ef0e047d/go.mod h1:asat636LX7Bqt5lYEZ27JNDcqxfjdBQuJ/MM4CN/Lzo=
 github.com/alecthomas/assert/v2 v2.11.0 h1:2Q9r3ki8+JYXvGsDyBXwH3LcJ+WK5D0gc5E8vS6K3D0=
 github.com/alecthomas/assert/v2 v2.11.0/go.mod h1:Bze95FyfUr7x34QZrjL+XP+0qgp/zg8yS+TtBj1WA3k=
 github.com/alecthomas/chroma/v2 v2.20.0 h1:sfIHpxPyR07/Oylvmcai3X/exDlE8+FA820NTz+9sGw=
@@ -63,6 +73,8 @@ github.com/anchore/go-struct-converter v0.0.0-20221118182256-c68fdcfa2092 h1:aM1
 github.com/anchore/go-struct-converter v0.0.0-20221118182256-c68fdcfa2092/go.mod h1:rYqSE9HbjzpHTI74vwPvae4ZVYZd1lue2ta6xHPdblA=
 github.com/antlr4-go/antlr/v4 v4.13.0 h1:lxCg3LAv+EUK6t1i0y1V6/SLeUi0eKEKdhQAlS8TVTI=
 github.com/antlr4-go/antlr/v4 v4.13.0/go.mod h1:pfChB/xh/Unjila75QW7+VU4TSnWnnk9UTnmpPaOR2g=
+github.com/apparentlymart/go-textseg/v15 v15.0.0 h1:uYvfpb3DyLSCGWnctWKGj857c6ew1u1fNQOlOtuGxQY=
+github.com/apparentlymart/go-textseg/v15 v15.0.0/go.mod h1:K8XmNZdhEBkdlyDdvbmmsvpAG721bKi0joRfFdHIWJ4=
 github.com/armon/circbuf v0.0.0-20150827004946-bbbad097214e/go.mod h1:3U/XgcO3hCbHZ8TKRvWD2dDTCfh9M9ya+I9JpbB7O8o=
 github.com/armon/circbuf v0.0.0-20190214190532-5111143e8da2 h1:7Ip0wMmLHLRJdrloDxZfhMm0xrLXZS8+COSu2bXmEQs=
 github.com/armon/circbuf v0.0.0-20190214190532-5111143e8da2/go.mod h1:3U/XgcO3hCbHZ8TKRvWD2dDTCfh9M9ya+I9JpbB7O8o=
@@ -73,6 +85,8 @@ github.com/armon/go-metrics v0.4.1/go.mod h1:E6amYzXo6aW1tqzoZGT755KkbgrJsSdpwZ+
 github.com/armon/go-radix v0.0.0-20180808171621-7fddfc383310/go.mod h1:ufUuZ+zHj4x4TnLV4JWEpy2hxWSpsRywHrMgIH9cCH8=
 github.com/armon/go-radix v1.0.0 h1:F4z6KzEeeQIMeLFa97iZU6vupzoecKdU5TX24SNppXI=
 github.com/armon/go-radix v1.0.0/go.mod h1:ufUuZ+zHj4x4TnLV4JWEpy2hxWSpsRywHrMgIH9cCH8=
+github.com/armon/go-socks5 v0.0.0-20160902184237-e75332964ef5 h1:0CwZNZbxp69SHPdPJAN/hZIm0C4OItdklCFmMRWYpio=
+github.com/armon/go-socks5 v0.0.0-20160902184237-e75332964ef5/go.mod h1:wHh0iHkYZB8zMSxRWpUBQtwG5a7fFgvEO+odwuTv2gs=
 github.com/aryann/difflib v0.0.0-20210328193216-ff5ff6dc229b h1:uUXgbcPDK3KpW29o4iy7GtuappbWT0l5NaMo9H9pJDw=
 github.com/aryann/difflib v0.0.0-20210328193216-ff5ff6dc229b/go.mod h1:DAHtR1m6lCRdSC2Tm3DSWRPvIPr6xNKyeHdqDQSQT+A=
 github.com/atotto/clipboard v0.1.4 h1:EH0zSVneZPSuFR11BlR9YppQTVDbh5+16AmcJi4g1z4=
@@ -112,6 +126,7 @@ github.com/aymanbagabas/go-udiff v0.2.0/go.mod h1:RE4Ex0qsGkTAJoQdQQCA0uG+nAzJO/
 github.com/benbjohnson/clock v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J11/hYXuz8f4ySSvYwY0FKfm+ezbsZBKZxNJlLklBHA=
 github.com/benbjohnson/clock v1.3.5 h1:VvXlSJBzZpA/zum6Sj74hxwYI2DIxRWuNIoXAzHZz5o=
 github.com/benbjohnson/clock v1.3.5/go.mod h1:J11/hYXuz8f4ySSvYwY0FKfm+ezbsZBKZxNJlLklBHA=
+github.com/beorn7/perks v0.0.0-20150223135152-b965b613227f/go.mod h1:Dwedo/Wpr24TaqPxmxbtue+5NUziq4I4S80YR8gNf3Q=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v0.0.0-20180321164747-3a771d992973/go.mod h1:Dwedo/Wpr24TaqPxmxbtue+5NUziq4I4S80YR8gNf3Q=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.0/go.mod h1:KWe93zE9D1o94FZ5RNwFwVgaQK1VOXiVxmqh+CedLV8=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 h1:VlbKKnNfV8bJzeqoa4cOKqO6bYr3WgKZxO8Z16+hsOM=
@@ -119,6 +134,9 @@ github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1/go.mod h1:G2ZrVWU2WbWT9wwq4/hrbKbnv/1ERSJQ0ibhJ6r
 github.com/bgentry/speakeasy v0.1.0/go.mod h1:+zsyZBPWlz7T6j88CTgSN5bM796AkVf0kBD4zp0CCIs=
 github.com/bgentry/speakeasy v0.2.0 h1:tgObeVOf8WAvtuAX6DhJ4xks4CFNwPDZiqzGqIHE51E=
 github.com/bgentry/speakeasy v0.2.0/go.mod h1:+zsyZBPWlz7T6j88CTgSN5bM796AkVf0kBD4zp0CCIs=
+github.com/bitly/go-hostpool v0.1.0/go.mod h1:4gOCgp6+NZnVqlKyZ/iBZFTAJKembaVENUpMkpg42fw=
+github.com/bitly/go-simplejson v0.5.0/go.mod h1:cXHtHw4XUPsvGaxgjIAn8PhEWG9NfngEKAMDJEczWVA=
+github.com/bmizerany/assert v0.0.0-20160611221934-b7ed37b82869/go.mod h1:Ekp36dRnpXw/yCqJaO+ZrUyxD+3VXMFFr56k5XYrpB4=
 github.com/bsm/ginkgo/v2 v2.7.0/go.mod h1:AiKlXPm7ItEHNc/2+OkrNG4E0ITzojb9/xWzvQ9XZ9w=
 github.com/bsm/ginkgo/v2 v2.12.0 h1:Ny8MWAHyOepLGlLKYmXG4IEkioBysk6GpaRTLC8zwWs=
 github.com/bsm/ginkgo/v2 v2.12.0/go.mod h1:SwYbGRRDovPVboqFv0tPTcG1sN61LM1Z4ARdbAV9g4c=
@@ -127,6 +145,12 @@ github.com/bsm/gomega v1.27.10 h1:yeMWxP2pV2fG3FgAODIY8EiRE3dy0aeFYt4l7wh6yKA=
 github.com/bsm/gomega v1.27.10/go.mod h1:JyEr/xRbxbtgWNi8tIEVPUYZ5Dzef52k01W3YH0H+O0=
 github.com/buger/goterm v1.0.4 h1:Z9YvGmOih81P0FbVtEYTFF6YsSgxSUKEhf/f9bTMXbY=
 github.com/buger/goterm v1.0.4/go.mod h1:HiFWV3xnkolgrBV3mY8m0X0Pumt4zg4QhbdOzQtB8tE=
+github.com/bugsnag/bugsnag-go v1.0.5-0.20150529004307-13fd6b8acda0 h1:s7+5BfS4WFJoVF9pnB8kBk03S7pZXRdKamnV0FOl5Sc=
+github.com/bugsnag/bugsnag-go v1.0.5-0.20150529004307-13fd6b8acda0/go.mod h1:2oa8nejYd4cQ/b0hMIopN0lCRxU0bueqREvZLWFrtK8=
+github.com/bugsnag/osext v0.0.0-20130617224835-0dd3f918b21b h1:otBG+dV+YK+Soembjv71DPz3uX/V/6MMlSyD9JBQ6kQ=
+github.com/bugsnag/osext v0.0.0-20130617224835-0dd3f918b21b/go.mod h1:obH5gd0BsqsP2LwDJ9aOkm/6J86V6lyAXCoQWGw3K50=
+github.com/bugsnag/panicwrap v0.0.0-20151223152923-e2c28503fcd0 h1:nvj0OLI3YqYXer/kZD8Ri1aaunCxIEsOst1BVJswV0o=
+github.com/bugsnag/panicwrap v0.0.0-20151223152923-e2c28503fcd0/go.mod h1:D/8v3kj0zr8ZAKg1AQ6crr+5VwKN5eIywRkfhyM/+dE=
 github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2 v2.8.4 h1:q3pe0wpBj1OcHFZ3n/1nl4V4bxBrYoSoab7rL9BMYNk=
 github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2 v2.8.4/go.mod h1:vmDAHp3d05JIvuhc24LmnxVlsZmWnUwbP5WMjzcMPWw=
 github.com/caddyserver/certmagic v0.21.4 h1:e7VobB8rffHv8ZZpSiZtEwnLDHUwLVYLWzWSa1FfKI0=
@@ -144,22 +168,24 @@ github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.1/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XL
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 h1:UL815xU9SqsFlibzuggzjXhog7bL6oX9BbNZnL2UFvs=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
-github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v0.20.0 h1:jSZu6qD8cRQ6k9OMfR1WlM+ruM8fkPWkHvQWD9LIutE=
-github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v0.20.0/go.mod h1:39slydyswPy+uVOHZ5x/GjwVAFkCsV8IIVy+4MhzwwU=
-github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.9 h1:OBYdfRo6QnlIcXNmcoI2n1NNS65Nk6kI2L2FO1puS/4=
-github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.9/go.mod h1:ORQfo0fk8U+po9VaNvnV95UPWA1BitP1E0N6xJPlHr4=
+github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v0.21.0 h1:9TdC97SdRVg/1aaXNVWfFH3nnLAwOXr8Fn6u6mfQdFs=
+github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v0.21.0/go.mod h1:HF+v6QUR4HkEpz62dx7ym2xc71/KBHg+zKwJtMw+qtg=
+github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.10 h1:otUDHWMMzQSB0Pkc87rm691KZ3SWa4KUlvF9nRvCICw=
+github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.10/go.mod h1:ORQfo0fk8U+po9VaNvnV95UPWA1BitP1E0N6xJPlHr4=
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 github.com/charmbracelet/colorprofile v0.2.3-0.20250311203215-f60798e515dc/go.mod h1:X4/0JoqgTIPSFcRA/P6INZzIuyqdFY5rm8tb41s9okk=
 github.com/charmbracelet/huh v0.6.0 h1:mZM8VvZGuE0hoDXq6XLxRtgfWyTI3b2jZNKh0xWmax8=
 github.com/charmbracelet/huh v0.6.0/go.mod h1:GGNKeWCeNzKpEOh/OJD8WBwTQjV3prFAtQPpLv+AVwU=
+github.com/charmbracelet/huh/spinner v0.0.0-20251110114415-25888d17260b h1:oefmPctgff7OB4cDz3Ndp+ewwrh7i+fwth70qvZCieI=
+github.com/charmbracelet/huh/spinner v0.0.0-20251110114415-25888d17260b/go.mod h1:OMqKat/mm9a/qOnpuNOPyYO9bPzRNnmzLnRZT5KYltg=
 github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v1.1.0 h1:vYXsiLHVkK7fp74RkV7b2kq9+zDLoEU4MZoFqR/noCY=
 github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v1.1.0/go.mod h1:/6Q8FR2o+kj8rz4Dq0zQc3vYf7X+B0binUUBwA0aL30=
 github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.10.1 h1:rL3Koar5XvX0pHGfovN03f5cxLbCF2YvLeyz7D2jVDQ=
 github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.10.1/go.mod h1:3RQDQ6lDnROptfpWuUVIUG64bD2g2BgntdxH0Ya5TeE=
 github.com/charmbracelet/x/cellbuf v0.0.13-0.20250311204145-2c3ea96c31dd h1:vy0GVL4jeHEwG5YOXDmi86oYw2yuYUGqz6a8sLwg0X8=
 github.com/charmbracelet/x/cellbuf v0.0.13-0.20250311204145-2c3ea96c31dd/go.mod h1:xe0nKWGd3eJgtqZRaN9RjMtK7xUYchjzPr7q6kcvCCs=
-github.com/charmbracelet/x/exp/golden v0.0.0-20240815200342-61de596daa2b h1:MnAMdlwSltxJyULnrYbkZpp4k58Co7Tah3ciKhSNo0Q=
-github.com/charmbracelet/x/exp/golden v0.0.0-20240815200342-61de596daa2b/go.mod h1:wDlXFlCrmJ8J+swcL/MnGUuYnqgQdW9rhSD61oNMb6U=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/exp/golden v0.0.0-20241011142426-46044092ad91 h1:payRxjMjKgx2PaCWLZ4p3ro9y97+TVLZNaRZgJwSVDQ=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/exp/golden v0.0.0-20241011142426-46044092ad91/go.mod h1:wDlXFlCrmJ8J+swcL/MnGUuYnqgQdW9rhSD61oNMb6U=
 github.com/charmbracelet/x/exp/strings v0.0.0-20240919170804-a4978c8e603a h1:JMdM89Udp/cOl5tC3MuUJXTPE/nAdU1oyt9jRU44qq8=
 github.com/charmbracelet/x/exp/strings v0.0.0-20240919170804-a4978c8e603a/go.mod h1:pBhA0ybfXv6hDjQUZ7hk1lVxBiUbupdw5R31yPUViVQ=
 github.com/charmbracelet/x/term v0.2.1 h1:AQeHeLZ1OqSXhrAWpYUtZyX1T3zVxfpZuEQMIQaGIAQ=
@@ -176,6 +202,8 @@ github.com/chzyer/test v1.0.0/go.mod h1:2JlltgoNkt4TW/z9V/IzDdFaMTM2JPIi26O1pF38
 github.com/circonus-labs/circonus-gometrics v2.3.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:nmEj6Dob7S7YxXgwXpfOuvO54S+tGdZdw9fuRZt25Ag=
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@@ -230,13 +258,16 @@ github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.6/go.mod h1:oOW0eioCTA6cOiMLiUPZOpcVxMig6N
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@@ -245,6 +276,7 @@ github.com/decred/dcrd/crypto/blake256 v1.0.1 h1:7PltbUIQB7u/FfZ39+DGa/ShuMyJ5il
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@@ -270,8 +302,11 @@ github.com/docker/buildx v0.29.1 h1:58hxM5Z4mnNje3G5NKfULT9xCr8ooM8XFtlfUK9bKaA=
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@@ -280,10 +315,12 @@ github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.9.3 h1:gAm/VtF9wgqJMoxzT3Gj5p4AqI
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@@ -293,18 +330,24 @@ github.com/docker/libtrust v0.0.0-20160708172513-aabc10ec26b7/go.mod h1:cyGadeNE
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@@ -313,9 +356,15 @@ github.com/francoispqt/gojay v1.2.13 h1:d2m3sFjloqoIUQU3TsHBgj6qg/BVGlTBeHDUmyJn
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@@ -337,6 +386,15 @@ github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 h1:CjnDlHq8ikf6E492q6eKboGOC0T8CDaOvkHCIg8idEI=
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@@ -354,9 +412,13 @@ github.com/gofrs/flock v0.12.1 h1:MTLVXXHf8ekldpJk3AKicLij9MdwOWkZ+a/jHHZby9E=
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@@ -368,6 +430,7 @@ github.com/golang/mock v1.1.1/go.mod h1:oTYuIxOrZwtPieC+H1uAHpcLFnEyAGVDL/k47Jfb
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@@ -385,11 +448,14 @@ github.com/google/btree v1.1.2 h1:xf4v41cLI2Z6FxbKm+8Bu+m8ifhj15JuZ9sa0jZCMUU=
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@@ -410,6 +476,8 @@ github.com/google/go-tpm-tools v0.4.4/go.mod h1:T8jXkp2s+eltnCDIsXR84/MTcVU9Ja7b
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@@ -432,16 +500,21 @@ github.com/gopherjs/gopherjs v0.0.0-20190430165422-3e4dfb77656c h1:7lF+Vz0LqiRid
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@@ -475,6 +548,7 @@ github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/arc/v2 v2.0.7 h1:QxkVTxwColcduO+LP7eJO56r2hFiG8z
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@@ -488,6 +562,9 @@ github.com/hashicorp/serf v0.10.1 h1:Z1H2J60yRKvfDYAOZLd2MU0ND4AH/WDz7xYHDWQsIPY
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@@ -503,6 +580,8 @@ github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang v0.9.0/go.mod h1:xsBVrVsHNsB61++S6Dy2vWosKhuA3
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@@ -600,16 +679,30 @@ github.com/jbenet/go-temp-err-catcher v0.1.0/go.mod h1:0kJRvmDZXNMIiJirNPEYfhpPw
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@@ -624,6 +717,7 @@ github.com/koron/go-ssdp v0.0.4/go.mod h1:oDXq+E5IL5q0U8uSBcoAXzTzInwy5lEgC91HoK
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@@ -637,6 +731,7 @@ github.com/lann/builder v0.0.0-20180802200727-47ae307949d0 h1:SOEGU9fKiNWd/HOJuq
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@@ -673,13 +768,19 @@ github.com/lmittmann/tint v1.0.5 h1:NQclAutOfYsqs2F1Lenue6OoWCajs5wJcP3DfWVpePw=
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 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210616213533-5ff15b29337e/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210711020723-a769d52b0f97/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
@@ -1224,6 +1377,7 @@ golang.org/x/mod v0.27.0 h1:kb+q2PyFnEADO2IEF935ehFUXlWiNjJWtRNgBLSfbxQ=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.27.0/go.mod h1:rWI627Fq0DEoudcK+MBkNkCe0EetEaDSwJJkCcjpazc=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180724234803-3673e40ba225/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180826012351-8a410e7b638d/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
+golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180906233101-161cd47e91fd/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20181114220301-adae6a3d119a/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190213061140-3a22650c66bd/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190311183353-d8887717615a/go.mod h1:t9HGtf8HONx5eT2rtn7q6eTqICYqUVnKs3thJo3Qplg=
@@ -1269,6 +1423,7 @@ golang.org/x/sync v0.17.0/go.mod h1:9KTHXmSnoGruLpwFjVSX0lNNA75CykiMECbovNTZqGI=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20180823144017-11551d06cbcc/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20180830151530-49385e6e1522/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20180905080454-ebe1bf3edb33/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20180909124046-d0be0721c37e/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20181116152217-5ac8a444bdc5/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20181122145206-62eef0e2fa9b/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20181205085412-a5c9d58dba9a/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
@@ -1284,6 +1439,7 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190813064441-fde4db37ae7a/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7w
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190922100055-0a153f010e69/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190924154521-2837fb4f24fe/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20191026070338-33540a1f6037/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20191120155948-bd437916bb0e/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20200116001909-b77594299b42/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20200122134326-e047566fdf82/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20200223170610-d5e6a3e2c0ae/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
@@ -1298,6 +1454,7 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210616094352-59db8d763f22/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210630005230-0f9fa26af87c/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210809222454-d867a43fc93e/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220310020820-b874c991c1a5/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220412211240-33da011f77ad/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220520151302-bc2c85ada10a/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220715151400-c0bba94af5f8/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220722155257-8c9f86f7a55f/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
@@ -1395,6 +1552,7 @@ google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250528174236-200df99c418a h1:
 google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250528174236-200df99c418a/go.mod h1:a77HrdMjoeKbnd2jmgcWdaS++ZLZAEq3orIOAEIKiVw=
 google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250528174236-200df99c418a h1:v2PbRU4K3llS09c7zodFpNePeamkAwG3mPrAery9VeE=
 google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250528174236-200df99c418a/go.mod h1:qQ0YXyHHx3XkvlzUtpXDkS29lDSafHMZBAZDc03LQ3A=
+google.golang.org/grpc v1.0.5/go.mod h1:yo6s7OP7yaDglbqo1J04qKzAhqBH6lvTonzMVmEdcZw=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.19.0/go.mod h1:mqu4LbDTu4XGKhr4mRzUsmM4RtVoemTSY81AxZiDr8c=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.20.1/go.mod h1:10oTOabMzJvdu6/UiuZezV6QK5dSlG84ov/aaiqXj38=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.23.0/go.mod h1:Y5yQAOtifL1yxbo5wqy6BxZv8vAUGQwXBOALyacEbxg=
@@ -1414,16 +1572,31 @@ google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.1-0.20200526195155-81db48ad09cc/go.mod h1:EGpAD
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.25.0/go.mod h1:9JNX74DMeImyA3h4bdi1ymwjUzf21/xIlbajtzgsN7c=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.9 h1:w2gp2mA27hUeUzj9Ex9FBjsBm40zfaDtEWow293U7Iw=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.9/go.mod h1:fuxRtAxBytpl4zzqUh6/eyUujkJdNiuEkXntxiD/uRU=
+gopkg.in/airbrake/gobrake.v2 v2.0.9/go.mod h1:/h5ZAUhDkGaJfjzjKLSjv6zCL6O0LLBxU4K+aSYdM/U=
 gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2 v2.2.6/go.mod h1:FMv+mEhP44yOT+4EoQTLFTRgOQ1FBLkstjWtayDeSgw=
+gopkg.in/cenkalti/backoff.v2 v2.2.1 h1:eJ9UAg01/HIHG987TwxvnzK2MgxXq97YY6rYDpY9aII=
+gopkg.in/cenkalti/backoff.v2 v2.2.1/go.mod h1:S0QdOvT2AlerfSBkp0O+dk+bbIMaNbEmVk876gPCthU=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20190902080502-41f04d3bba15/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20200227125254-8fa46927fb4f/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c h1:Hei/4ADfdWqJk1ZMxUNpqntNwaWcugrBjAiHlqqRiVk=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c/go.mod h1:JHkPIbrfpd72SG/EVd6muEfDQjcINNoR0C8j2r3qZ4Q=
 gopkg.in/errgo.v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:hNsd1EY+bozCKY1Ytp96fpM3vjJbqLJn88ws8XvfDNI=
+gopkg.in/evanphx/json-patch.v4 v4.12.0 h1:n6jtcsulIzXPJaxegRbvFNNrZDjbij7ny3gmSPG+6V4=
+gopkg.in/evanphx/json-patch.v4 v4.12.0/go.mod h1:p8EYWUEYMpynmqDbY58zCKCFZw8pRWMG4EsWvDvM72M=
+gopkg.in/fsnotify.v1 v1.4.7/go.mod h1:Tz8NjZHkW78fSQdbUxIjBTcgA1z1m8ZHf0WmKUhAMys=
+gopkg.in/gemnasium/logrus-airbrake-hook.v2 v2.1.2/go.mod h1:Xk6kEKp8OKb+X14hQBKWaSkCsqBpgog8nAV2xsGOxlo=
 gopkg.in/inconshreveable/log15.v2 v2.0.0-20180818164646-67afb5ed74ec/go.mod h1:aPpfJ7XW+gOuirDoZ8gHhLh3kZ1B08FtV2bbmy7Jv3s=
+gopkg.in/inf.v0 v0.9.1 h1:73M5CoZyi3ZLMOyDlQh031Cx6N9NDJ2Vvfl76EDAgDc=
+gopkg.in/inf.v0 v0.9.1/go.mod h1:cWUDdTG/fYaXco+Dcufb5Vnc6Gp2YChqWtbxRZE0mXw=
+gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0 h1:Dgnx+6+nfE+IfzjUEISNeydPJh9AXNNsWbGP9KzCsOA=
+gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0/go.mod h1:pNLf8WUiyNEtQjuu5G5vTm06TEv9tsIgeAvK8hOrP4k=
 gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1 h1:bBRl1b0OH9s/DuPhuXpNl+VtCaJXFZ5/uEFST95x9zc=
 gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1/go.mod h1:YD8tP3GAjkrDg1eZH7EGmyESg/lsYskCTPBJVb9jqSc=
+gopkg.in/rethinkdb/rethinkdb-go.v6 v6.2.1 h1:d4KQkxAaAiRY2h5Zqis161Pv91A37uZyJOx73duwUwM=
+gopkg.in/rethinkdb/rethinkdb-go.v6 v6.2.1/go.mod h1:WbjuEoo1oadwzQ4apSDU+JTvmllEHtsNHS6y7vFc7iw=
+gopkg.in/tomb.v1 v1.0.0-20141024135613-dd632973f1e7/go.mod h1:dt/ZhP58zS4L8KSrWDmTeBkI65Dw0HsyUHuEVlX15mw=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v1 v1.0.0-20140924161607-9f9df34309c0/go.mod h1:WDnlLJ4WF5VGsH/HVa3CI79GS0ol3YnhVnKP89i0kNg=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.1/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
@@ -1446,6 +1619,18 @@ honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190523083050-ea95bdfd59fc/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWh
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.1-2019.2.3/go.mod h1:a3bituU0lyd329TUQxRnasdCoJDkEUEAqEt0JzvZhAg=
 howett.net/plist v1.0.0 h1:7CrbWYbPPO/PyNy38b2EB/+gYbjCe2DXBxgtOOZbSQM=
 howett.net/plist v1.0.0/go.mod h1:lqaXoTrLY4hg8tnEzNru53gicrbv7rrk+2xJA/7hw9g=
+k8s.io/api v0.32.3 h1:Hw7KqxRusq+6QSplE3NYG4MBxZw1BZnq4aP4cJVINls=
+k8s.io/api v0.32.3/go.mod h1:2wEDTXADtm/HA7CCMD8D8bK4yuBUptzaRhYcYEEYA3k=
+k8s.io/apimachinery v0.32.3 h1:JmDuDarhDmA/Li7j3aPrwhpNBA94Nvk5zLeOge9HH1U=
+k8s.io/apimachinery v0.32.3/go.mod h1:GpHVgxoKlTxClKcteaeuF1Ul/lDVb74KpZcxcmLDElE=
+k8s.io/client-go v0.32.3 h1:RKPVltzopkSgHS7aS98QdscAgtgah/+zmpAogooIqVU=
+k8s.io/client-go v0.32.3/go.mod h1:3v0+3k4IcT9bXTc4V2rt+d2ZPPG700Xy6Oi0Gdl2PaY=
+k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.130.1 h1:n9Xl7H1Xvksem4KFG4PYbdQCQxqc/tTUyrgXaOhHSzk=
+k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.130.1/go.mod h1:3Jpz1GvMt720eyJH1ckRHK1EDfpxISzJ7I9OYgaDtPE=
+k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20241105132330-32ad38e42d3f h1:GA7//TjRY9yWGy1poLzYYJJ4JRdzg3+O6e8I+e+8T5Y=
+k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20241105132330-32ad38e42d3f/go.mod h1:R/HEjbvWI0qdfb8viZUeVZm0X6IZnxAydC7YU42CMw4=
+k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20241104100929-3ea5e8cea738 h1:M3sRQVHv7vB20Xc2ybTt7ODCeFj6JSWYFzOFnYeS6Ro=
+k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20241104100929-3ea5e8cea738/go.mod h1:OLgZIPagt7ERELqWJFomSt595RzquPNLL48iOWgYOg0=
 lukechampine.com/blake3 v1.3.0 h1:sJ3XhFINmHSrYCgl958hscfIa3bw8x4DqMP3u1YvoYE=
 lukechampine.com/blake3 v1.3.0/go.mod h1:0OFRp7fBtAylGVCO40o87sbupkyIGgbpv1+M1k1LM6k=
 modernc.org/cc/v4 v4.24.4 h1:TFkx1s6dCkQpd6dKurBNmpo+G8Zl4Sq/ztJ+2+DEsh0=
@@ -1472,3 +1657,11 @@ modernc.org/strutil v1.2.1 h1:UneZBkQA+DX2Rp35KcM69cSsNES9ly8mQWD71HKlOA0=
 modernc.org/strutil v1.2.1/go.mod h1:EHkiggD70koQxjVdSBM3JKM7k6L0FbGE5eymy9i3B9A=
 modernc.org/token v1.1.0 h1:Xl7Ap9dKaEs5kLoOQeQmPWevfnk/DM5qcLcYlA8ys6Y=
 modernc.org/token v1.1.0/go.mod h1:UGzOrNV1mAFSEB63lOFHIpNRUVMvYTc6yu1SMY/XTDM=
+sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20241010143419-9aa6b5e7a4b3 h1:/Rv+M11QRah1itp8VhT6HoVx1Ray9eB4DBr+K+/sCJ8=
+sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20241010143419-9aa6b5e7a4b3/go.mod h1:18nIHnGi6636UCz6m8i4DhaJ65T6EruyzmoQqI2BVDo=
+sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v4 v4.4.2 h1:MdmvkGuXi/8io6ixD5wud3vOLwc1rj0aNqRlpuvjmwA=
+sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v4 v4.4.2/go.mod h1:N8f93tFZh9U6vpxwRArLiikrE5/2tiu1w1AGfACIGE4=
+sigs.k8s.io/yaml v1.4.0 h1:Mk1wCc2gy/F0THH0TAp1QYyJNzRm2KCLy3o5ASXVI5E=
+sigs.k8s.io/yaml v1.4.0/go.mod h1:Ejl7/uTz7PSA4eKMyQCUTnhZYNmLIl+5c2lQPGR2BPY=
+tags.cncf.io/container-device-interface v1.0.1 h1:KqQDr4vIlxwfYh0Ed/uJGVgX+CHAkahrgabg6Q8GYxc=
+tags.cncf.io/container-device-interface v1.0.1/go.mod h1:JojJIOeW3hNbcnOH2q0NrWNha/JuHoDZcmYxAZwb2i0=

internal/cli/build.go

@@ -2,176 +2,198 @@ package cli
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"encoding/base64"
-	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"os"
+	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
 	composetypes "github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/types"
-	"github.com/distribution/reference"
-	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/config"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/build"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
-	dockerclient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/archive"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/jsonmessage"
-	"github.com/docker/docker/registry"
-	"github.com/moby/term"
+	mapset "github.com/deckarep/golang-set/v2"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/flags"
+	composeapi "github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/api"
+	composev2 "github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/compose"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/compose"
 )
 
-type BuildOptions struct {
-	Files    []string
-	Profiles []string
+// BuildServicesOptions contains options for building services in a Compose project.
+type BuildServicesOptions struct {
+	// BuildArgs sets build-time variables for services. Used in Dockerfiles that declare variables with ARG.
+	BuildArgs []string
+	// Check the build configuration for services without building them.
+	Check bool
+	// Deps enables to also build services declared as dependencies of the selected Services.
+	Deps bool
+	// NoCache disables the use of cache when building images.
+	NoCache bool
+	// Pull attempts to pull newer versions of the base images before building.
+	Pull bool
+	// Services specifies which services to build. If empty, all services with a build config are built.
 	Services []string
-	Push     bool
-	NoCache  bool
+
+	// Push targets are mutually exclusive.
+	// PushCluster uploads the built images to cluster machines after building.
+	PushCluster bool
+	// PushRegistry uploads the built images to external registries after building.
+	PushRegistry bool
+
+	// Cluster-specific options (only used if PushCluster is true).
+	// Machines is a list of machine names or IDs to push the image to. If empty, images are pushed to all machines.
+	Machines []string
 }
 
-// GetServicesThatNeedBuild returns a map of services that require building
-func GetServicesThatNeedBuild(project *composetypes.Project) map[string]composetypes.ServiceConfig {
-	servicesToBuild := make(map[string]composetypes.ServiceConfig, len(project.Services))
-	for serviceName, service := range project.Services {
-		if service.Build == nil {
+// BuildServices builds images for services in the Compose project.
+func (cli *CLI) BuildServices(ctx context.Context, project *composetypes.Project, opts BuildServicesOptions) error {
+	// Validate push targets.
+	if opts.PushCluster && opts.PushRegistry {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot specify both PushCluster and PushRegistry: choose one push target")
+	}
+
+	// Build service images using Compose implementation.
+	dockerCli, err := command.NewDockerCli()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create docker client: %w", err)
+	}
+	// Initialise the Docker CLI with default options.
+	if err = dockerCli.Initialize(flags.NewClientOptions()); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("initialise docker client: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	composeService := composev2.NewComposeService(dockerCli)
+	buildOpts := composeapi.BuildOptions{
+		Args:     composetypes.NewMappingWithEquals(opts.BuildArgs),
+		Check:    opts.Check,
+		Deps:     opts.Deps,
+		NoCache:  opts.NoCache,
+		Pull:     opts.Pull,
+		Push:     opts.PushRegistry,
+		Services: opts.Services,
+	}
+
+	if err = composeService.Build(ctx, project, buildOpts); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !opts.PushCluster {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Push built service images to cluster machines.
+	builtServices, err := ServicesThatNeedBuild(project, opts.Services, opts.Deps)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("determine built services: %w", err)
+	}
+	if len(builtServices) == 0 {
+		// No services were built, nothing to push.
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Add a line break after the build output.
+	fmt.Fprintln(cli.ProgressOut())
+
+	clusterClient, err := cli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	// Push one service image at a time.
+	var errs []error
+	for _, s := range builtServices {
+		if s.Image == "" {
+			// Skip services without an image name (shouldn't happen for services with build config).
 			continue
 		}
-		servicesToBuild[serviceName] = service
-	}
-	return servicesToBuild
-}
 
-// BuildServices builds the services defined in the provided map.
-func BuildServices(ctx context.Context, servicesToBuild map[string]composetypes.ServiceConfig, opts BuildOptions) error {
-	fmt.Println("Building services...")
+		// Push to the specified machines falling back to service x-machines.
+		// If none specified, push to *all* cluster machines.
+		var pushOpts client.PushImageOptions
 
-	// Init docker client (can be local or remote, depending on DOCKER_HOST environment variable)
-	dockerCli, err := dockerclient.NewClientWithOpts(dockerclient.FromEnv, dockerclient.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer dockerCli.Close()
+		if len(opts.Machines) > 0 {
+			pushOpts.Machines = opts.Machines
+		} else if machines, ok := s.Extensions[compose.MachinesExtensionKey].(compose.MachinesSource); ok {
+			pushOpts.Machines = machines
+		}
 
-	serviceImages := make(map[string]string, len(servicesToBuild))
+		if len(pushOpts.Machines) == 0 {
+			pushOpts.AllMachines = true
+		}
 
-	// Build the services using the local docker client and compose libraries
-	for _, service := range servicesToBuild {
-		fmt.Printf("Building service: %s\n", service.Name)
-		imageName, err := buildSingleService(ctx, dockerCli, service, opts)
+		boldStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true)
+		err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			if err = clusterClient.PushImage(ctx, s.Image, pushOpts); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("push image '%s' for service '%s': %w", s.Image, s.Name, err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}, cli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Pushing image %s to cluster", boldStyle.Render(s.Image)))
+		// Collect errors to try pushing all images.
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("build service %s: %w", service.Name, err)
-		}
-		serviceImages[service.Name] = imageName
-	}
-	fmt.Printf("Service images are built.\n")
-
-	if opts.Push {
-		err = pushServiceImages(ctx, dockerCli, serviceImages)
-	}
-
-	return err
-}
-
-// buildSingleService builds a single service using the Docker client and Compose libraries.
-func buildSingleService(ctx context.Context, dockerCli *dockerclient.Client, service composetypes.ServiceConfig, opts BuildOptions) (string, error) {
-	if service.Build == nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("service %s has no build configuration", service.Name)
-	}
-	if service.Image == "" {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("service %s has no image specified; building services without image is not supported yet",
-			service.Name)
-	}
-
-	buildContextPath := service.Build.Context
-	imageName := service.Image
-
-	// Create a tar archive of the build context
-	buildContext, err := archive.TarWithOptions(buildContextPath, &archive.TarOptions{})
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create build context for service %s: %w", service.Name, err)
-	}
-
-	buildOptions := build.ImageBuildOptions{
-		// TODO: Support Dockerfiles outside the build context
-		// See https://github.com/docker/compose/blob/cf89fd1aa1328d5af77658ccc5a1e1b29981ae80/pkg/compose/build_classic.go#L92
-		Dockerfile: service.Build.Dockerfile,
-		Tags:       []string{imageName},
-		Remove:     true, // Remove intermediate containers
-		NoCache:    opts.NoCache,
-	}
-
-	buildResponse, err := dockerCli.ImageBuild(ctx, buildContext, buildOptions)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to build image for service %s: %w", service.Name, err)
-	}
-	defer buildResponse.Body.Close()
-
-	// Display the build response
-	fd, isTerminal := term.GetFdInfo(os.Stdout)
-	if err := jsonmessage.DisplayJSONMessagesStream(buildResponse.Body, os.Stdout, fd, isTerminal, nil); err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to display build response for service %s: %w", service.Name, err)
-	}
-
-	return imageName, nil
-}
-
-// pushSingleServiceImage pushes a single service image.
-func pushSingleServiceImage(ctx context.Context, dockerCli *dockerclient.Client, serviceName string, imageName string) error {
-	ref, err := reference.ParseNormalizedNamed(imageName)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	repoInfo, err := registry.ParseRepositoryInfo(ref)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	registryKey := repoInfo.Index.Name
-	if repoInfo.Index.Official {
-		registryKey = registry.IndexServer
-	}
-
-	// Load the Docker config file with auth details, if available
-	configFile := config.LoadDefaultConfigFile(os.Stderr)
-
-	authConfig, err := configFile.GetAuthConfig(registryKey)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	authJSON, err := json.Marshal(authConfig)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal auth config for registry %s: %w", registryKey, err)
-	}
-
-	authStr := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(authJSON)
-
-	pushOptions := image.PushOptions{
-		RegistryAuth: authStr,
-	}
-	pushResponse, err := dockerCli.ImagePush(ctx, imageName, pushOptions)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to push image %s: %w", imageName, err)
-	}
-	defer pushResponse.Close()
-
-	fmt.Printf("Pushing image %s for service %s...\n", imageName, serviceName)
-
-	fd, isTerminal := term.GetFdInfo(os.Stdout)
-	if err := jsonmessage.DisplayJSONMessagesStream(pushResponse, os.Stdout, fd, isTerminal, nil); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to display push response for image %s: %w", imageName, err)
-	}
-
-	fmt.Printf("Image %s pushed successfully.\n", imageName)
-	return nil
-}
-
-// pushServiceImages pushes all built service images to the registry.
-func pushServiceImages(ctx context.Context, dockerCli *dockerclient.Client, serviceImages map[string]string) error {
-	fmt.Printf("Pushing images...\n")
-	for serviceName, imageName := range serviceImages {
-		if err := pushSingleServiceImage(ctx, dockerCli, serviceName, imageName); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("push image for service %s: %w", serviceName, err)
+			errs = append(errs, err)
 		}
 	}
-	return nil
+
+	return errors.Join(errs...)
+}
+
+// ServicesThatNeedBuild returns a list of services that require building.
+// deps indicates whether to include services that are dependencies of the selected services.
+// Implementation is based on the logic from docker/compose/v2/pkg/compose/build.go.
+func ServicesThatNeedBuild(
+	project *composetypes.Project, selectedServices []string, deps bool,
+) ([]composetypes.ServiceConfig, error) {
+	servicesToBuild := make([]composetypes.ServiceConfig, 0, len(project.Services))
+
+	var policy composetypes.DependencyOption = composetypes.IgnoreDependencies
+	if deps {
+		policy = composetypes.IncludeDependencies
+	}
+
+	// Also include services used as build.additional_contexts with service: prefix.
+	selectedServices = includeAdditionalContextsServices(project, selectedServices)
+	// Some build dependencies we just introduced may not be enabled, enable them.
+	var err error
+	if project, err = project.WithServicesEnabled(selectedServices...); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if project, err = project.WithSelectedServices(selectedServices); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	err = project.ForEachService(selectedServices, func(serviceName string, service *composetypes.ServiceConfig) error {
+		if service.Build != nil {
+			servicesToBuild = append(servicesToBuild, *service)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}, policy)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return servicesToBuild, nil
+}
+
+// includeAdditionalContextsServices adds services referenced in build.additional_contexts to the list
+// of selected services.
+func includeAdditionalContextsServices(project *composetypes.Project, selectedServices []string) []string {
+	servicesWithDependencies := mapset.NewSet(selectedServices...)
+	for _, service := range selectedServices {
+		s, ok := project.Services[service]
+		if !ok {
+			s = project.DisabledServices[service]
+		}
+		if s.Build != nil {
+			for _, target := range s.Build.AdditionalContexts {
+				if name, found := strings.CutPrefix(target, composetypes.ServicePrefix); found {
+					servicesWithDependencies.Add(name)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if servicesWithDependencies.Cardinality() > len(selectedServices) {
+		return includeAdditionalContextsServices(project, servicesWithDependencies.ToSlice())
+	}
+
+	return servicesWithDependencies.ToSlice()
 }

internal/cli/cli.go

@@ -28,14 +28,16 @@ const (
 )
 
 type CLI struct {
-	Config *config.Config
-	conn   *config.MachineConnection
+	Config          *config.Config
+	conn            *config.MachineConnection
+	contextOverride string
 }
 
 // New creates a new CLI instance with the given config path or remote machine connection.
 // If the connection is provided, the config is ignored for all operations which is useful for interacting with
 // a cluster without creating a config.
-func New(configPath string, conn *config.MachineConnection) (*CLI, error) {
+// If a non-empty context name is given, it will override the current default.
+func New(configPath string, conn *config.MachineConnection, contextName string) (*CLI, error) {
 	if conn != nil {
 		return &CLI{conn: conn}, nil
 	}
@@ -46,7 +48,8 @@ func New(configPath string, conn *config.MachineConnection) (*CLI, error) {
 	}
 
 	return &CLI{
-		Config: cfg,
+		Config:          cfg,
+		contextOverride: contextName,
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -68,19 +71,28 @@ func (cli *CLI) SetCurrentContext(name string) error {
 	return cli.Config.Save()
 }
 
-// ConnectCluster connects to a cluster using the given context name or the current context if not specified.
+func (cli *CLI) GetContextOverrideOrCurrent() string {
+	contextName := cli.contextOverride
+	if contextName == "" {
+		contextName = cli.Config.CurrentContext
+	}
+	return contextName
+}
+
+// ConnectCluster connects to a cluster using the context override or the current context if not specified.
 // If the CLI was initialised with a machine connection, the config is ignored and the connection is used instead.
-func (cli *CLI) ConnectCluster(ctx context.Context, contextName string) (*client.Client, error) {
-	return cli.ConnectClusterWithOptions(ctx, contextName, ConnectOptions{
+func (cli *CLI) ConnectCluster(ctx context.Context) (*client.Client, error) {
+	return cli.ConnectClusterWithOptions(ctx, ConnectOptions{
 		// Default to showing progress for CLI usage.
 		ShowProgress: true,
 	})
 }
 
-// ConnectClusterWithOptions connects to a cluster using the given context name and options.
+// ConnectClusterWithOptions connects to a cluster with the given options.
 // If the CLI was initialised with a machine connection, the config is ignored and the connection is used instead.
+// If the CLI has an override context, it is used instead of the current default.
 // Options are useful when using the CLI as a library where you may want to disable visual feedback.
-func (cli *CLI) ConnectClusterWithOptions(ctx context.Context, contextName string, opts ConnectOptions) (*client.Client, error) {
+func (cli *CLI) ConnectClusterWithOptions(ctx context.Context, opts ConnectOptions) (*client.Client, error) {
 	if cli.conn != nil {
 		return ConnectCluster(ctx, *cli.conn, opts)
 	}
@@ -92,6 +104,8 @@ func (cli *CLI) ConnectClusterWithOptions(ctx context.Context, contextName strin
 			cli.Config.Path(),
 		)
 	}
+
+	contextName := cli.contextOverride
 	if contextName == "" {
 		// If the cluster is not specified, use the current cluster if set.
 		if cli.Config.CurrentContext == "" {
@@ -141,13 +155,15 @@ func (cli *CLI) ConnectClusterWithOptions(ctx context.Context, contextName strin
 }
 
 type InitClusterOptions struct {
-	Context       string
-	MachineName   string
-	Network       netip.Prefix
-	PublicIP      *netip.Addr
-	RemoteMachine *RemoteMachine
-	SkipInstall   bool
-	Version       string
+	Context            string
+	MachineName        string
+	Network            netip.Prefix
+	PublicIP           *netip.Addr
+	RemoteMachine      *RemoteMachine
+	SkipInstall        bool
+	Version            string
+	AutoConfirm        bool
+	WireguardEndpoints []*pb.IPPort
 }
 
 // InitCluster initialises a new cluster on a remote machine and returns a client to interact with the cluster.
@@ -157,7 +173,7 @@ func (cli *CLI) InitCluster(ctx context.Context, opts InitClusterOptions) (*clie
 		return cli.initRemoteMachine(ctx, opts)
 	}
 	// TODO: implement local machine initialisation
-	return nil, fmt.Errorf("local machine initialisation is not implemented yet")
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("local machine initialisation is not implemented yet. Please specify a remote machine")
 }
 
 func (cli *CLI) initRemoteMachine(ctx context.Context, opts InitClusterOptions) (*client.Client, error) {
@@ -183,7 +199,12 @@ func (cli *CLI) initRemoteMachine(ctx context.Context, opts InitClusterOptions)
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("inspect machine: %w", err)
 	}
 	if minfo.Id != "" {
-		if err = promptResetMachine(ctx, machineClient.MachineClient); err != nil {
+		if !opts.AutoConfirm {
+			if err = promptResetMachine(); err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+		}
+		if err = resetAndWaitMachine(ctx, machineClient.MachineClient); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
@@ -200,8 +221,9 @@ func (cli *CLI) initRemoteMachine(ctx context.Context, opts InitClusterOptions)
 	}
 
 	req := &pb.InitClusterRequest{
-		MachineName: opts.MachineName,
-		Network:     pb.NewIPPrefix(opts.Network),
+		MachineName:        opts.MachineName,
+		Network:            pb.NewIPPrefix(opts.Network),
+		WireguardEndpoints: opts.WireguardEndpoints,
 	}
 	if opts.PublicIP != nil {
 		if opts.PublicIP.IsValid() {
@@ -228,8 +250,21 @@ func (cli *CLI) initRemoteMachine(ctx context.Context, opts InitClusterOptions)
 
 	// Save the machine's SSH connection details in the context config.
 	connCfg := config.MachineConnection{
-		SSH:        config.NewSSHDestination(opts.RemoteMachine.User, opts.RemoteMachine.Host, opts.RemoteMachine.Port),
 		SSHKeyFile: opts.RemoteMachine.KeyPath,
+		MachineID:  resp.Machine.Id,
+	}
+	if opts.RemoteMachine.UseSSHCLI {
+		connCfg.SSHCLI = config.NewSSHDestination(
+			opts.RemoteMachine.User,
+			opts.RemoteMachine.Host,
+			opts.RemoteMachine.Port,
+		)
+	} else {
+		connCfg.SSH = config.NewSSHDestination(
+			opts.RemoteMachine.User,
+			opts.RemoteMachine.Host,
+			opts.RemoteMachine.Port,
+		)
 	}
 	cli.Config.Contexts[contextName].Connections = append(cli.Config.Contexts[contextName].Connections, connCfg)
 	if err = cli.Config.Save(); err != nil {
@@ -265,12 +300,13 @@ func (cli *CLI) newContextName(name string) (string, error) {
 }
 
 type AddMachineOptions struct {
-	Context       string
-	MachineName   string
-	PublicIP      *netip.Addr
-	RemoteMachine *RemoteMachine
-	SkipInstall   bool
-	Version       string
+	MachineName        string
+	PublicIP           *netip.Addr
+	RemoteMachine      *RemoteMachine
+	SkipInstall        bool
+	Version            string
+	AutoConfirm        bool
+	WireguardEndpoints []*pb.IPPort
 }
 
 // AddMachine provisions a remote machine and adds it to the cluster. It returns a cluster client and a machine client.
@@ -278,11 +314,8 @@ type AddMachineOptions struct {
 // cluster. The machine client is connected to the new machine and can be used to interact with it.
 // Both client should be closed after use by the caller.
 func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, opts AddMachineOptions) (*client.Client, *client.Client, error) {
-	contextName := opts.Context
-	if contextName == "" {
-		contextName = cli.Config.CurrentContext
-	}
-	c, err := cli.ConnectCluster(ctx, contextName)
+	contextName := cli.GetContextOverrideOrCurrent()
+	c, err := cli.ConnectCluster(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster (context '%s'): %w", contextName, err)
 	}
@@ -303,6 +336,7 @@ func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, opts AddMachineOptions) (*client
 	}()
 
 	// Check if the machine is already initialised as a cluster member and prompt the user to reset it first.
+	// TODO: refactor to use client.InspectMachine.
 	minfo, err := machineClient.Inspect(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("inspect machine: %w", err)
@@ -319,7 +353,12 @@ func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, opts AddMachineOptions) (*client
 			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("machine is already a member of this cluster (%s)", minfo.Name)
 		}
 
-		if err = promptResetMachine(ctx, machineClient.MachineClient); err != nil {
+		if !opts.AutoConfirm {
+			if err = promptResetMachine(); err != nil {
+				return nil, nil, err
+			}
+		}
+		if err = resetAndWaitMachine(ctx, machineClient.MachineClient); err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
 	}
@@ -344,10 +383,16 @@ func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, opts AddMachineOptions) (*client
 		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("parse remote machine token: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Register the machine in the cluster using its public key and endpoints from the token.
-	endpoints := make([]*pb.IPPort, len(token.Endpoints))
-	for i, addrPort := range token.Endpoints {
-		endpoints[i] = pb.NewIPPort(addrPort)
+	// Register the machine in the cluster using its public key and WireGuard endpoints from the token,
+	// or use the explicitly provided WireGuard endpoints if any.
+	var endpoints []*pb.IPPort
+	if len(opts.WireguardEndpoints) > 0 {
+		endpoints = opts.WireguardEndpoints
+	} else {
+		endpoints = make([]*pb.IPPort, len(token.Endpoints))
+		for i, addrPort := range token.Endpoints {
+			endpoints[i] = pb.NewIPPort(addrPort)
+		}
 	}
 	addReq := &pb.AddMachineRequest{
 		Name: opts.MachineName,
@@ -370,6 +415,18 @@ func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, opts AddMachineOptions) (*client
 		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("add machine to cluster (context '%s'): %w", contextName, err)
 	}
 
+	// Get the current store DB version from the cluster to pass to the join request.
+	var storeDBVersion int64
+	inspectResp, err := c.MachineClient.InspectMachine(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
+	if err != nil {
+		// TODO(lhf): remove Unimplemented check when v0.17.0 is released.
+		if status.Convert(err).Code() != codes.Unimplemented {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("inspect current cluster machine: %w", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		storeDBVersion = inspectResp.Machines[0].StoreDbVersion
+	}
+
 	// Get the most up-to-date list of other machines in the cluster to include them in the join request.
 	machines, err := c.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -384,8 +441,9 @@ func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, opts AddMachineOptions) (*client
 
 	// Configure the remote machine to join the cluster.
 	joinReq := &pb.JoinClusterRequest{
-		Machine:       addResp.Machine,
-		OtherMachines: otherMachines,
+		Machine:           addResp.Machine,
+		OtherMachines:     otherMachines,
+		MinStoreDbVersion: storeDBVersion,
 	}
 	if _, err = machineClient.JoinCluster(ctx, joinReq); err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("join cluster: %w", err)
@@ -396,11 +454,21 @@ func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, opts AddMachineOptions) (*client
 
 	// Save the machine's SSH connection details in the context config.
 	connCfg := config.MachineConnection{
-		SSH:        config.NewSSHDestination(opts.RemoteMachine.User, opts.RemoteMachine.Host, opts.RemoteMachine.Port),
 		SSHKeyFile: opts.RemoteMachine.KeyPath,
+		MachineID:  addResp.Machine.Id,
 	}
-	if contextName == "" {
-		contextName = cli.Config.CurrentContext
+	if opts.RemoteMachine.UseSSHCLI {
+		connCfg.SSHCLI = config.NewSSHDestination(
+			opts.RemoteMachine.User,
+			opts.RemoteMachine.Host,
+			opts.RemoteMachine.Port,
+		)
+	} else {
+		connCfg.SSH = config.NewSSHDestination(
+			opts.RemoteMachine.User,
+			opts.RemoteMachine.Host,
+			opts.RemoteMachine.Port,
+		)
 	}
 	cli.Config.Contexts[contextName].Connections = append(cli.Config.Contexts[contextName].Connections, connCfg)
 	if err = cli.Config.Save(); err != nil {
@@ -420,6 +488,35 @@ func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, opts AddMachineOptions) (*client
 func provisionOrConnectRemoteMachine(
 	ctx context.Context, remoteMachine *RemoteMachine, skipInstall bool, version string,
 ) (*client.Client, error) {
+	// Use SSH CLI
+	if remoteMachine.UseSSHCLI {
+		exec := sshexec.NewSSHCLIRemote(
+			remoteMachine.User,
+			remoteMachine.Host,
+			remoteMachine.Port,
+			remoteMachine.KeyPath,
+		)
+
+		if !skipInstall {
+			if err := provisionMachine(ctx, exec, version); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("provision machine: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		sshConfig := &connector.SSHConnectorConfig{
+			User:    remoteMachine.User,
+			Host:    remoteMachine.Host,
+			Port:    remoteMachine.Port,
+			KeyPath: remoteMachine.KeyPath,
+		}
+		machineClient, err := client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHCLIConnector(sshConfig))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("connect to remote machine: %w", err)
+		}
+		return machineClient, nil
+	}
+
+	// Use Go SSH
 	sshClient, err := sshexec.Connect(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port, remoteMachine.KeyPath)
 	// If the SSH connection using SSH agent fails and no key path is provided, try to use the default SSH key.
 	if err != nil && remoteMachine.KeyPath == "" {

internal/cli/config/connection.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package config
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
@@ -10,61 +11,90 @@ import (
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/secret"
 )
 
-const (
-	DefaultSSHUser = "root"
-	DefaultSSHPort = 22
-)
-
 type MachineConnection struct {
 	SSH        SSHDestination `yaml:"ssh,omitempty"`
+	SSHCLI     SSHDestination `yaml:"ssh_cli,omitempty"`
 	SSHKeyFile string         `yaml:"ssh_key_file,omitempty"`
 	// TCP is the address and port of the machine's API server.
 	// The pointer is used to omit the field when not set. Otherwise, yaml marshalling includes an empty object.
-	TCP       *netip.AddrPort `yaml:"tcp,omitempty"`
-	Host      string          `yaml:"host,omitempty"`
-	PublicKey secret.Secret   `yaml:"public_key,omitempty"`
+	TCP *netip.AddrPort `yaml:"tcp,omitempty"`
+	// Unix is the path to the machine's API unix socket.
+	Unix      string        `yaml:"unix,omitempty"`
+	Host      string        `yaml:"host,omitempty"`
+	PublicKey secret.Secret `yaml:"public_key,omitempty"`
+	MachineID string        `yaml:"machine_id,omitempty"`
 }
 
-func (c MachineConnection) String() string {
+func (c *MachineConnection) String() string {
 	if c.SSH != "" {
-		return string(c.SSH)
+		return "ssh://" + string(c.SSH)
+	} else if c.SSHCLI != "" {
+		return "ssh+cli://" + string(c.SSHCLI)
 	} else if c.TCP != nil && c.TCP.IsValid() {
 		return fmt.Sprintf("tcp://%s", c.TCP)
+	} else if c.Unix != "" {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("unix://%s", c.Unix)
 	}
 	return "unknown connection"
 }
 
+func (c *MachineConnection) Validate() error {
+	setCount := 0
+	if c.SSH != "" {
+		setCount++
+	}
+	if c.SSHCLI != "" {
+		setCount++
+	}
+	if c.TCP != nil && c.TCP.IsValid() {
+		setCount++
+	}
+	if c.Unix != "" {
+		setCount++
+	}
+
+	if setCount == 0 {
+		return errors.New("no connection method specified (ssh, ssh_cli, tcp, or unix required)")
+	}
+	if setCount > 1 {
+		return errors.New("only one connection method allowed per connection (ssh, ssh_cli, tcp, or unix)")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 // SSHDestination represents an SSH destination string in the canonical form of "user@host:port".
-// The default user "root" and port 22 can be omitted.
+// Empty user or port components are omitted.
 type SSHDestination string
 
+// NewSSHDestination constructs an SSHDestination from user, host, and port components.
+// If user is empty, it is omitted.
+// If port is 0, it is omitted.
 func NewSSHDestination(user, host string, port int) SSHDestination {
 	dst := host
-	if port != 0 && port != DefaultSSHPort {
+	if port != 0 {
 		dst = net.JoinHostPort(host, strconv.Itoa(port))
 	}
-	if user == "" {
-		user = DefaultSSHUser
+	if user != "" {
+		dst = fmt.Sprintf("%s@%s", user, dst)
 	}
-	dst = user + "@" + dst
+
 	return SSHDestination(dst)
 }
 
+// Parse parses the SSH destination string into user, host, and port components.
+// If user is not specified, it returns an empty string.
+// If port is not specified, it returns 0.
 func (d SSHDestination) Parse() (user string, host string, port int, err error) {
 	host = string(d)
 	if strings.Contains(host, "@") {
 		user, host, _ = strings.Cut(host, "@")
 	}
-	if user == "" {
-		user = DefaultSSHUser
-	}
 	h, p, sErr := net.SplitHostPort(host)
 	if sErr == nil {
 		host = h
 		port, err = strconv.Atoi(p)
 	}
-	if port == 0 {
-		port = DefaultSSHPort
-	}
+
 	return
 }

internal/cli/config/connection_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"net/netip"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestMachineConnection_String(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		conn MachineConnection
+		want string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "ssh connection",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				SSH: "user@host.com",
+			},
+			want: "ssh://user@host.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "ssh connection with port",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				SSH: "user@host.com:2222",
+			},
+			want: "ssh://user@host.com:2222",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "ssh_cli connection",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				SSHCLI: "user@host.com",
+			},
+			want: "ssh+cli://user@host.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "ssh_cli connection with port",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				SSHCLI: "user@host.com:2222",
+			},
+			want: "ssh+cli://user@host.com:2222",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "tcp connection",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				TCP: func() *netip.AddrPort {
+					addr := netip.MustParseAddrPort("10.0.0.1:8080")
+					return &addr
+				}(),
+			},
+			want: "tcp://10.0.0.1:8080",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "unix connection",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				Unix: "/run/uncloud/uncloud.sock",
+			},
+			want: "unix:///run/uncloud/uncloud.sock",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "no connection",
+			conn: MachineConnection{},
+			want: "unknown connection",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "ssh connection with machine id",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				SSH:       "user@host.com",
+				MachineID: "ed98b9f7575308c340263cd279e3b568",
+			},
+			// String() does not use MachineID; just verifying entry with it is valid
+			want: "ssh://user@host.com",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			got := tt.conn.String()
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, got)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMachineConnection_Validate(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name    string
+		conn    MachineConnection
+		wantErr bool
+		errMsg  string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "ssh only - valid",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				SSH: "user@host",
+			},
+			wantErr: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "ssh_cli only - valid",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				SSHCLI: "user@host",
+			},
+			wantErr: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "tcp only - valid",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				TCP: func() *netip.AddrPort {
+					addr := netip.MustParseAddrPort("10.0.0.1:8080")
+					return &addr
+				}(),
+			},
+			wantErr: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "unix only - valid",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				Unix: "/path/to/socket",
+			},
+			wantErr: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "no connection method - error",
+			conn:    MachineConnection{},
+			wantErr: true,
+			errMsg:  "no connection method specified",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "ssh and ssh_cli - error",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				SSH:    "user@host",
+				SSHCLI: "user@host",
+			},
+			wantErr: true,
+			errMsg:  "only one connection method allowed",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "ssh and unix - error",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				SSH:  "user@host",
+				Unix: "/path/to/socket",
+			},
+			wantErr: true,
+			errMsg:  "only one connection method allowed",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "ssh and tcp - error",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				SSH: "user@host",
+				TCP: func() *netip.AddrPort {
+					addr := netip.MustParseAddrPort("10.0.0.1:8080")
+					return &addr
+				}(),
+			},
+			wantErr: true,
+			errMsg:  "only one connection method allowed",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "ssh_cli and tcp - error",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				SSHCLI: "user@host",
+				TCP: func() *netip.AddrPort {
+					addr := netip.MustParseAddrPort("10.0.0.1:8080")
+					return &addr
+				}(),
+			},
+			wantErr: true,
+			errMsg:  "only one connection method allowed",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "all three - error",
+			conn: MachineConnection{
+				SSH:    "user@host",
+				SSHCLI: "user@host2",
+				TCP: func() *netip.AddrPort {
+					addr := netip.MustParseAddrPort("10.0.0.1:8080")
+					return &addr
+				}(),
+			},
+			wantErr: true,
+			errMsg:  "only one connection method allowed",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			err := tt.conn.Validate()
+			if tt.wantErr {
+				assert.Error(t, err)
+				assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.errMsg)
+			} else {
+				assert.NoError(t, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/cli/config/context.go

@@ -4,3 +4,21 @@ type Context struct {
 	Name        string              `yaml:"-"`
 	Connections []MachineConnection `yaml:"connections"`
 }
+
+func (c *Context) SetDefaultConnection(index int) {
+	// Do nothing if the index is out of range.
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(c.Connections) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	selected := c.Connections[index]
+	newConnections := make([]MachineConnection, 0, len(c.Connections))
+	newConnections = append(newConnections, selected)
+
+	for i, conn := range c.Connections {
+		if i != index {
+			newConnections = append(newConnections, conn)
+		}
+	}
+	c.Connections = newConnections
+}

internal/cli/connect.go

@@ -56,26 +56,49 @@ func connectClusterWithProgress(ctx context.Context, conn config.MachineConnecti
 }
 
 func connectCluster(ctx context.Context, conn config.MachineConnection) (*client.Client, error) {
-	if conn.SSH != "" {
-		user, host, port, err := conn.SSH.Parse()
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse SSH connection %q: %w", conn.SSH, err)
-		}
+	// Determine which SSH type is configured
+	var sshDest config.SSHDestination
+	var useSSHCLI bool
 
-		keyPath := fs.ExpandHomeDir(conn.SSHKeyFile)
-
-		sshConfig := &connector.SSHConnectorConfig{
-			User:    user,
-			Host:    host,
-			Port:    port,
-			KeyPath: keyPath,
-		}
-		return client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHConnector(sshConfig))
-	} else if conn.TCP != nil && conn.TCP.IsValid() {
-		return client.New(ctx, connector.NewTCPConnector(*conn.TCP))
+	// Validate connection configuration early to provide clear error messages.
+	if err := conn.Validate(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid connection configuration: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	return nil, errors.New("connection configuration is invalid")
+	if conn.SSH != "" {
+		sshDest = conn.SSH
+		useSSHCLI = false
+	} else if conn.SSHCLI != "" {
+		sshDest = conn.SSHCLI
+		useSSHCLI = true
+	} else if conn.TCP != nil && conn.TCP.IsValid() {
+		return client.New(ctx, connector.NewTCPConnector(*conn.TCP))
+	} else if conn.Unix != "" {
+		return client.New(ctx, connector.NewUnixConnector(conn.Unix))
+	} else {
+		return nil, errors.New("connection configuration is invalid")
+	}
+
+	// Parse SSH destination and create config (shared for both types)
+	user, host, port, err := sshDest.Parse()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse SSH connection %q: %w", sshDest, err)
+	}
+
+	keyPath := fs.ExpandHomeDir(conn.SSHKeyFile)
+
+	sshConfig := &connector.SSHConnectorConfig{
+		User:    user,
+		Host:    host,
+		Port:    port,
+		KeyPath: keyPath,
+	}
+
+	// Create appropriate connector based on type
+	if useSSHCLI {
+		return client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHCLIConnector(sshConfig))
+	}
+	return client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHConnector(sshConfig))
 }
 
 // connectModel is a TUI model for connecting to a cluster with a progress spinner.

internal/cli/flags.go

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 package cli
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"log"
+	"net/netip"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/network"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
@@ -34,3 +38,22 @@ func BindEnvToFlag(cmd *cobra.Command, flagName, envVar string) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+// ParseWireGuardEndpoints parses a list of endpoint strings into a list of IPPort protobuf messages. Each value can
+// be an IP address, IP:PORT, IPv6, or [IPv6]:PORT. If the port is omitted, the default WireGuard port is used.
+func ParseWireGuardEndpoints(values []string) ([]*pb.IPPort, error) {
+	endpoints := make([]*pb.IPPort, 0, len(values))
+	for _, v := range values {
+		ap, err := netip.ParseAddrPort(v)
+		if err != nil {
+			// Try parsing as a bare IP address and use the default WireGuard port.
+			addr, addrErr := netip.ParseAddr(v)
+			if addrErr != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid endpoint '%s': must be IP, IPv6, IP:PORT, or [IPv6]:PORT", v)
+			}
+			ap = netip.AddrPortFrom(addr, network.WireGuardPort)
+		}
+		endpoints = append(endpoints, pb.NewIPPort(ap))
+	}
+	return endpoints, nil
+}

internal/cli/machine.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package cli
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
@@ -21,10 +22,11 @@ const (
 )
 
 type RemoteMachine struct {
-	User    string
-	Host    string
-	Port    int
-	KeyPath string
+	User      string
+	Host      string
+	Port      int
+	KeyPath   string
+	UseSSHCLI bool // indicates ssh+cli:// should be used
 }
 
 func installCmd(user string, version string) string {
@@ -85,7 +87,13 @@ func provisionMachine(ctx context.Context, exec sshexec.Executor, version string
 	return nil
 }
 
-func promptResetMachine(ctx context.Context, machineClient pb.MachineClient) error {
+func promptResetMachine() error {
+	if !IsStdinTerminal() {
+		return errors.New("the remote machine is already initialised as a cluster member; " +
+			"cannot ask to confirm reset in non-interactive mode, " +
+			"use --yes flag or set UNCLOUD_AUTO_CONFIRM=true to auto-confirm")
+	}
+
 	var confirm bool
 	form := huh.NewForm(
 		huh.NewGroup(
@@ -109,10 +117,15 @@ func promptResetMachine(ctx context.Context, machineClient pb.MachineClient) err
 		return fmt.Errorf("remote machine is already initialised as a cluster member")
 	}
 
+	return nil
+}
+
+func resetAndWaitMachine(ctx context.Context, machineClient pb.MachineClient) error {
 	if _, err := machineClient.Reset(ctx, &pb.ResetRequest{}); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("reset remote machine: %w. You can also manually run 'uncloud-uninstall' "+
 			"on the remote machine to fully uninstall Uncloud from it", err)
 	}
+
 	fmt.Println("Resetting the remote machine...")
 	if err := waitMachineReady(ctx, machineClient, 1*time.Minute); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("wait for machine to be ready after reset: %w", err)

internal/daemon/token.go

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-package daemon
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/netip"
-	"os"
-
-	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
-	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/network"
-)
-
-// MachineToken returns the local machine's token that can be used for adding the machine to a cluster.
-// TODO: ideally, this should be an RPC call to the daemon API to ensure the config is created and up-to-date.
-func MachineToken(dataDir string) (machine.Token, error) {
-	state, err := machine.ParseState(machine.StatePath(dataDir))
-	if err != nil {
-		if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
-			return machine.Token{}, fmt.Errorf("load machine config (is uncloudd daemon running?): %w", err)
-		}
-		return machine.Token{}, fmt.Errorf("load machine config: %w", err)
-	}
-	if len(state.Network.PublicKey) == 0 {
-		return machine.Token{}, errors.New("public key is not set in machine config")
-	}
-
-	ips, err := network.ListRoutableIPs()
-	if err != nil {
-		return machine.Token{}, fmt.Errorf("list routable addresses: %w", err)
-	}
-	publicIP, err := network.GetPublicIP()
-	// Ignore the error if failed to get the public IP using API services.
-	if err == nil {
-		ips = append(ips, publicIP)
-	}
-
-	endpoints := make([]netip.AddrPort, len(ips))
-	for i, ip := range ips {
-		endpoints[i] = netip.AddrPortFrom(ip, network.WireGuardPort)
-	}
-	return machine.NewToken(state.Network.PublicKey, publicIP, endpoints), nil
-}

internal/docker/client.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ type Client struct {
 }
 
 // WaitDaemonReady waits for the Docker daemon to start and be ready to serve requests.
+// TODO(lhf): convert into a Client method.
 func WaitDaemonReady(ctx context.Context, cli *client.Client) error {
 	// Retry to ping the Docker daemon until it's ready or the context is canceled.
 	boff := backoff.WithContext(backoff.NewExponentialBackOff(

internal/gitutil/state.go

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+package gitutil
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// GitState contains information about the Git repository state.
+type GitState struct {
+	// Date is the current commit datetime.
+	Date time.Time
+	// IsDirty indicates whether there are uncommitted changes.
+	IsDirty bool
+	// IsRepo indicates whether the directory is a Git repository.
+	IsRepo bool
+	// SHA is the full SHA-1 (40 characters) of the current commit.
+	SHA string
+}
+
+// InspectGitState inspects the Git repo state from the specified directory.
+// If the directory is not a Git repository, or if git utility is not available,
+// returns GitState with IsRepo=false and no error.
+func InspectGitState(dir string) (GitState, error) {
+	// Check if git command is available.
+	if _, err := exec.LookPath("git"); err != nil {
+		return GitState{}, nil
+	}
+
+	state := GitState{
+		IsRepo: isGitRepo(dir),
+	}
+	if !state.IsRepo {
+		return state, nil
+	}
+
+	// Get the current commit SHA.
+	sha, err := gitCommand(dir, "rev-parse", "HEAD")
+	if err != nil {
+		return state, fmt.Errorf("get current commit SHA: %w", err)
+	}
+	state.SHA = strings.TrimSpace(sha)
+
+	// Get the current commit timestamp.
+	timestamp, err := gitCommand(dir, "log", "-1", "--format=%ct")
+	if err != nil {
+		return state, fmt.Errorf("get current commit timestamp: %w", err)
+	}
+	seconds, err := strconv.ParseInt(strings.TrimSpace(timestamp), 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return state, fmt.Errorf("parse current commit timestamp: %w", err)
+	}
+	state.Date = time.Unix(seconds, 0).UTC()
+
+	// Check for uncommitted changes.
+	status, err := gitCommand(dir, "status", "--porcelain")
+	if err != nil {
+		return state, fmt.Errorf("check git status: %w", err)
+	}
+	state.IsDirty = strings.TrimSpace(status) != ""
+
+	return state, nil
+}
+
+// isGitRepo checks if the directory is a Git repository.
+func isGitRepo(dir string) bool {
+	_, err := gitCommand(dir, "rev-parse", "--git-dir")
+	return err == nil
+}
+
+// gitCommand runs a git command in the specified directory.
+func gitCommand(dir string, args ...string) (string, error) {
+	cmd := exec.Command("git", args...)
+	cmd.Dir = dir
+	output, err := cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		if exitErr, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError); ok {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("git command failed: %s", exitErr.Stderr)
+		}
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	return string(output), nil
+}
+
+// ShortSHA returns a truncated SHA with the specified length.
+// If length is negative, zero, or greater than the SHA length, it returns the full SHA.
+// Returns empty string if SHA is empty.
+func (s *GitState) ShortSHA(length int) string {
+	if length <= 0 || length > len(s.SHA) {
+		length = len(s.SHA)
+	}
+	return s.SHA[:length]
+}

internal/gitutil/state_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+package gitutil
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestInspectGitState_GitNotAvailable(t *testing.T) {
+	// Reset the PATH env var to simulate git not being available.
+	t.Setenv("PATH", "")
+
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+
+	state, err := InspectGitState(tmpDir)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.False(t, state.IsRepo)
+	assert.Empty(t, state.SHA)
+	assert.Empty(t, state.ShortSHA(7))
+	assert.True(t, state.Date.IsZero())
+	assert.False(t, state.IsDirty)
+}
+
+func TestInspectGitState_NotARepo(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create a temporary directory that's not a git repo.
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+
+	state, err := InspectGitState(tmpDir)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// If tmpDir happens to be in a git repo (e.g., parent directory), skip this test.
+	// This is common when running tests from within the project itself.
+	if state.IsRepo {
+		t.Skip("tmpDir is within a git repository, skipping test")
+	}
+
+	assert.False(t, state.IsRepo)
+	assert.Empty(t, state.SHA)
+	assert.Empty(t, state.ShortSHA(7))
+	assert.True(t, state.Date.IsZero()) // Should have zero time if not a repo.
+	assert.False(t, state.IsDirty)
+}
+
+func TestInspectGitState_CleanRepo(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create a temporary git repo.
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	initGitRepo(t, tmpDir)
+
+	createAndCommitFile(t, tmpDir, "test.txt", "test content")
+
+	state, err := InspectGitState(tmpDir)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.True(t, state.IsRepo)
+	assert.Len(t, state.SHA, 40)
+	assert.Equal(t, state.ShortSHA(7), state.SHA[:7])
+	assert.False(t, state.Date.IsZero())
+	assert.False(t, state.IsDirty)
+}
+
+func TestInspectGitState_DirtyRepo(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create a temporary git repo.
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	initGitRepo(t, tmpDir)
+
+	createAndCommitFile(t, tmpDir, "test.txt", "test content")
+
+	// Modify the file to make the repo dirty.
+	err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmpDir, "test.txt"), []byte("modified content"), 0o644)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	state, err := InspectGitState(tmpDir)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.True(t, state.IsRepo)
+	assert.True(t, state.IsDirty)
+}
+
+func TestInspectGitState_UntrackedFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create a temporary git repo.
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	initGitRepo(t, tmpDir)
+
+	createAndCommitFile(t, tmpDir, "test.txt", "test content")
+
+	// Add an untracked file.
+	err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmpDir, "untracked.txt"), []byte("untracked"), 0o644)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	state, err := InspectGitState(tmpDir)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.True(t, state.IsRepo)
+	assert.True(t, state.IsDirty) // Untracked files make the repo dirty.
+}
+
+func TestGitState_ShortSHA(t *testing.T) {
+	state := &GitState{
+		SHA: "1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef12345678",
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		length   int
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{"short 7", 7, "1234567"},
+		{"short 10", 10, "1234567890"},
+		{"full SHA", 40, "1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef12345678"},
+		{"longer than SHA", 50, "1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef12345678"},
+		{"negative", -42, "1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef12345678"},
+		{"zero", 0, "1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef12345678"},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := state.ShortSHA(tt.length)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, result)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGitState_ShortSHA_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	state := &GitState{
+		SHA: "",
+	}
+
+	result := state.ShortSHA(7)
+	assert.Empty(t, result)
+}
+
+// Helper functions.
+
+func initGitRepo(t *testing.T, dir string) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	// Initialize git repo.
+	runGitCommand(t, dir, "init")
+	runGitCommand(t, dir, "config", "user.email", "test@example.com")
+	runGitCommand(t, dir, "config", "user.name", "Test User")
+}
+
+func createAndCommitFile(t *testing.T, dir, filename, content string) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	// Create file.
+	path := filepath.Join(dir, filename)
+	err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte(content), 0o644)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Commit file.
+	runGitCommand(t, dir, "add", filename)
+	runGitCommand(t, dir, "commit", "-m", "Add "+filename)
+}
+
+func runGitCommand(t *testing.T, dir string, args ...string) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	cmd := exec.Command("git", args...)
+	cmd.Dir = dir
+	output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	require.NoError(t, err, "git command failed: %s", output)
+}

internal/log/env.go

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package log
+
+import (
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+func InitLoggerFromEnv() {
+	debugValues := []string{"1", "true", "yes"}
+	if slices.Contains(debugValues, strings.ToLower(os.Getenv("DEBUG"))) {
+		logger := slog.New(NewSlogTextHandler(os.Stderr, &slog.HandlerOptions{
+			Level: slog.LevelDebug,
+		}))
+		slog.SetDefault(logger)
+	}
+	slog.Debug("logger initialized")
+}

internal/machine/api/pb/docker.proto

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package api;
 option go_package = "github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb";
 
 import "google/protobuf/empty.proto";
+import "google/protobuf/timestamp.proto";
 import "internal/machine/api/pb/common.proto";
 
 service Docker {
@@ -15,6 +16,9 @@ service Docker {
   rpc ListContainers(ListContainersRequest) returns (ListContainersResponse);
   rpc RemoveContainer(RemoveContainerRequest) returns (google.protobuf.Empty);
 
+  rpc ExecContainer(stream ExecContainerRequest) returns (stream ExecContainerResponse);
+  rpc ContainerLogs(ContainerLogsRequest) returns (stream ContainerLogEntry);
+
   rpc PullImage(PullImageRequest) returns (stream JSONMessage);
   rpc InspectImage(InspectImageRequest) returns (InspectImageResponse);
   // InspectRemoteImage returns the image metadata for an image in a remote registry using the machine's
@@ -92,6 +96,64 @@ message RemoveContainerRequest {
   bytes options = 2;
 }
 
+message ExecContainerRequest {
+  oneof payload {
+    // Initial configuration for the exec session. Must be sent as the first message.
+    ExecConfig config = 1;
+    // Raw stdin data to be written to the exec process.
+    bytes stdin = 2;
+    // TTY resize event (only used when TTY is enabled).
+    ResizeEvent resize = 3;
+  }
+}
+
+message ExecConfig {
+  // Container ID to execute the command in.
+  string container_id = 1;
+  // JSON serialised ExecOptions
+  bytes options = 2;
+}
+
+message ResizeEvent {
+  uint32 height = 1;
+  uint32 width = 2;
+}
+
+message ExecContainerResponse {
+  oneof payload {
+    // Exec instance ID returned after creating the exec.
+    string exec_id = 1;
+    // Raw stdout data from the exec process.
+    bytes stdout = 2;
+    // Raw stderr data from the exec process (only when TTY is disabled).
+    bytes stderr = 3;
+    // Exit code of the exec process. Sent as the final message.
+    int32 exit_code = 4;
+  }
+}
+
+message ContainerLogsRequest {
+  string container_id = 1;
+  // Options for logs retrieval.
+  bool follow = 2;
+  int32 tail = 3; // -1 means all
+  string since = 4; // https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3339.html timestamp or Go duration string
+  string until = 5; // https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3339.html timestamp or Go duration string
+}
+
+message ContainerLogEntry {
+  enum StreamType {
+    UNKNOWN = 0;
+    STDOUT = 1;
+    STDERR = 2;
+    HEARTBEAT = 3;
+  }
+  StreamType stream = 1;
+  google.protobuf.Timestamp timestamp = 2;
+  // Log line content. Empty for heartbeat entries.
+  bytes message = 3;
+}
+
 message PullImageRequest {
   string image = 1;
   // JSON serialised image.PullOptions.

internal/machine/api/pb/docker_grpc.pb.go

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ const (
 	Docker_StopContainer_FullMethodName           = "/api.Docker/StopContainer"
 	Docker_ListContainers_FullMethodName          = "/api.Docker/ListContainers"
 	Docker_RemoveContainer_FullMethodName         = "/api.Docker/RemoveContainer"
+	Docker_ExecContainer_FullMethodName           = "/api.Docker/ExecContainer"
+	Docker_ContainerLogs_FullMethodName           = "/api.Docker/ContainerLogs"
 	Docker_PullImage_FullMethodName               = "/api.Docker/PullImage"
 	Docker_InspectImage_FullMethodName            = "/api.Docker/InspectImage"
 	Docker_InspectRemoteImage_FullMethodName      = "/api.Docker/InspectRemoteImage"
@@ -49,6 +51,8 @@ type DockerClient interface {
 	StopContainer(ctx context.Context, in *StopContainerRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*emptypb.Empty, error)
 	ListContainers(ctx context.Context, in *ListContainersRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListContainersResponse, error)
 	RemoveContainer(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveContainerRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*emptypb.Empty, error)
+	ExecContainer(ctx context.Context, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.BidiStreamingClient[ExecContainerRequest, ExecContainerResponse], error)
+	ContainerLogs(ctx context.Context, in *ContainerLogsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.ServerStreamingClient[ContainerLogEntry], error)
 	PullImage(ctx context.Context, in *PullImageRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.ServerStreamingClient[JSONMessage], error)
 	InspectImage(ctx context.Context, in *InspectImageRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*InspectImageResponse, error)
 	// InspectRemoteImage returns the image metadata for an image in a remote registry using the machine's
@@ -132,9 +136,41 @@ func (c *dockerClient) RemoveContainer(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveContainerR
 	return out, nil
 }
 
+func (c *dockerClient) ExecContainer(ctx context.Context, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.BidiStreamingClient[ExecContainerRequest, ExecContainerResponse], error) {
+	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
+	stream, err := c.cc.NewStream(ctx, &Docker_ServiceDesc.Streams[0], Docker_ExecContainer_FullMethodName, cOpts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	x := &grpc.GenericClientStream[ExecContainerRequest, ExecContainerResponse]{ClientStream: stream}
+	return x, nil
+}
+
+// This type alias is provided for backwards compatibility with existing code that references the prior non-generic stream type by name.
+type Docker_ExecContainerClient = grpc.BidiStreamingClient[ExecContainerRequest, ExecContainerResponse]
+
+func (c *dockerClient) ContainerLogs(ctx context.Context, in *ContainerLogsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.ServerStreamingClient[ContainerLogEntry], error) {
+	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
+	stream, err := c.cc.NewStream(ctx, &Docker_ServiceDesc.Streams[1], Docker_ContainerLogs_FullMethodName, cOpts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	x := &grpc.GenericClientStream[ContainerLogsRequest, ContainerLogEntry]{ClientStream: stream}
+	if err := x.ClientStream.SendMsg(in); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := x.ClientStream.CloseSend(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return x, nil
+}
+
+// This type alias is provided for backwards compatibility with existing code that references the prior non-generic stream type by name.
+type Docker_ContainerLogsClient = grpc.ServerStreamingClient[ContainerLogEntry]
+
 func (c *dockerClient) PullImage(ctx context.Context, in *PullImageRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (grpc.ServerStreamingClient[JSONMessage], error) {
 	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	stream, err := c.cc.NewStream(ctx, &Docker_ServiceDesc.Streams[0], Docker_PullImage_FullMethodName, cOpts...)
+	stream, err := c.cc.NewStream(ctx, &Docker_ServiceDesc.Streams[2], Docker_PullImage_FullMethodName, cOpts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -261,6 +297,8 @@ type DockerServer interface {
 	StopContainer(context.Context, *StopContainerRequest) (*emptypb.Empty, error)
 	ListContainers(context.Context, *ListContainersRequest) (*ListContainersResponse, error)
 	RemoveContainer(context.Context, *RemoveContainerRequest) (*emptypb.Empty, error)
+	ExecContainer(grpc.BidiStreamingServer[ExecContainerRequest, ExecContainerResponse]) error
+	ContainerLogs(*ContainerLogsRequest, grpc.ServerStreamingServer[ContainerLogEntry]) error
 	PullImage(*PullImageRequest, grpc.ServerStreamingServer[JSONMessage]) error
 	InspectImage(context.Context, *InspectImageRequest) (*InspectImageResponse, error)
 	// InspectRemoteImage returns the image metadata for an image in a remote registry using the machine's
@@ -302,6 +340,12 @@ func (UnimplementedDockerServer) ListContainers(context.Context, *ListContainers
 func (UnimplementedDockerServer) RemoveContainer(context.Context, *RemoveContainerRequest) (*emptypb.Empty, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method RemoveContainer not implemented")
 }
+func (UnimplementedDockerServer) ExecContainer(grpc.BidiStreamingServer[ExecContainerRequest, ExecContainerResponse]) error {
+	return status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method ExecContainer not implemented")
+}
+func (UnimplementedDockerServer) ContainerLogs(*ContainerLogsRequest, grpc.ServerStreamingServer[ContainerLogEntry]) error {
+	return status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method ContainerLogs not implemented")
+}
 func (UnimplementedDockerServer) PullImage(*PullImageRequest, grpc.ServerStreamingServer[JSONMessage]) error {
 	return status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method PullImage not implemented")
 }
@@ -464,6 +508,24 @@ func _Docker_RemoveContainer_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec f
 	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
 }
 
+func _Docker_ExecContainer_Handler(srv interface{}, stream grpc.ServerStream) error {
+	return srv.(DockerServer).ExecContainer(&grpc.GenericServerStream[ExecContainerRequest, ExecContainerResponse]{ServerStream: stream})
+}
+
+// This type alias is provided for backwards compatibility with existing code that references the prior non-generic stream type by name.
+type Docker_ExecContainerServer = grpc.BidiStreamingServer[ExecContainerRequest, ExecContainerResponse]
+
+func _Docker_ContainerLogs_Handler(srv interface{}, stream grpc.ServerStream) error {
+	m := new(ContainerLogsRequest)
+	if err := stream.RecvMsg(m); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return srv.(DockerServer).ContainerLogs(m, &grpc.GenericServerStream[ContainerLogsRequest, ContainerLogEntry]{ServerStream: stream})
+}
+
+// This type alias is provided for backwards compatibility with existing code that references the prior non-generic stream type by name.
+type Docker_ContainerLogsServer = grpc.ServerStreamingServer[ContainerLogEntry]
+
 func _Docker_PullImage_Handler(srv interface{}, stream grpc.ServerStream) error {
 	m := new(PullImageRequest)
 	if err := stream.RecvMsg(m); err != nil {
@@ -728,6 +790,17 @@ var Docker_ServiceDesc = grpc.ServiceDesc{
 		},
 	},
 	Streams: []grpc.StreamDesc{
+		{
+			StreamName:    "ExecContainer",
+			Handler:       _Docker_ExecContainer_Handler,
+			ServerStreams: true,
+			ClientStreams: true,
+		},
+		{
+			StreamName:    "ContainerLogs",
+			Handler:       _Docker_ContainerLogs_Handler,
+			ServerStreams: true,
+		},
 		{
 			StreamName:    "PullImage",
 			Handler:       _Docker_PullImage_Handler,

internal/machine/api/pb/machine.pb.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	protoreflect "google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect"
 	protoimpl "google.golang.org/protobuf/runtime/protoimpl"
 	emptypb "google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
+	timestamppb "google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
 	reflect "reflect"
 	sync "sync"
 )
@@ -232,6 +233,8 @@ type InitClusterRequest struct {
 	//	*InitClusterRequest_PublicIp
 	//	*InitClusterRequest_PublicIpAuto
 	PublicIpConfig isInitClusterRequest_PublicIpConfig `protobuf_oneof:"public_ip_config"`
+	// Optional WireGuard endpoints other machines will use to connect to this machine instead of auto-discovered ones.
+	WireguardEndpoints []*IPPort `protobuf:"bytes,5,rep,name=wireguard_endpoints,json=wireguardEndpoints,proto3" json:"wireguard_endpoints,omitempty"`
 }
 
 func (x *InitClusterRequest) Reset() {
@@ -301,6 +304,13 @@ func (x *InitClusterRequest) GetPublicIpAuto() bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+func (x *InitClusterRequest) GetWireguardEndpoints() []*IPPort {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.WireguardEndpoints
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 type isInitClusterRequest_PublicIpConfig interface {
 	isInitClusterRequest_PublicIpConfig()
 }
@@ -371,6 +381,8 @@ type JoinClusterRequest struct {
 
 	Machine       *MachineInfo   `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=machine,proto3" json:"machine,omitempty"`
 	OtherMachines []*MachineInfo `protobuf:"bytes,3,rep,name=other_machines,json=otherMachines,proto3" json:"other_machines,omitempty"`
+	// Minimum store database version the new machine should sync to before starting cluster operations.
+	MinStoreDbVersion int64 `protobuf:"varint,4,opt,name=min_store_db_version,json=minStoreDbVersion,proto3" json:"min_store_db_version,omitempty"`
 }
 
 func (x *JoinClusterRequest) Reset() {
@@ -419,6 +431,125 @@ func (x *JoinClusterRequest) GetOtherMachines() []*MachineInfo {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (x *JoinClusterRequest) GetMinStoreDbVersion() int64 {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.MinStoreDbVersion
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+type InspectMachineResponse struct {
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	// Must contain only one repeated messages field to allow broadcasting InspectMachine requests to multiple machines.
+	Machines []*MachineDetails `protobuf:"bytes,1,rep,name=machines,proto3" json:"machines,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (x *InspectMachineResponse) Reset() {
+	*x = InspectMachineResponse{}
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[6]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x *InspectMachineResponse) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*InspectMachineResponse) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *InspectMachineResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[6]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use InspectMachineResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*InspectMachineResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{6}
+}
+
+func (x *InspectMachineResponse) GetMachines() []*MachineDetails {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Machines
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+type MachineDetails struct {
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	Metadata *Metadata    `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=metadata,proto3" json:"metadata,omitempty"`
+	Machine  *MachineInfo `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=machine,proto3" json:"machine,omitempty"`
+	// Current Corrosion cr-sqlite database version (Lamport timestamp) of the cluster store.
+	StoreDbVersion int64 `protobuf:"varint,3,opt,name=store_db_version,json=storeDbVersion,proto3" json:"store_db_version,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (x *MachineDetails) Reset() {
+	*x = MachineDetails{}
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[7]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x *MachineDetails) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*MachineDetails) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *MachineDetails) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[7]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use MachineDetails.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*MachineDetails) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{7}
+}
+
+func (x *MachineDetails) GetMetadata() *Metadata {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Metadata
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (x *MachineDetails) GetMachine() *MachineInfo {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Machine
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (x *MachineDetails) GetStoreDbVersion() int64 {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.StoreDbVersion
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
 type TokenResponse struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -430,7 +561,7 @@ type TokenResponse struct {
 func (x *TokenResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = TokenResponse{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[6]
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[8]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -443,7 +574,7 @@ func (x *TokenResponse) String() string {
 func (*TokenResponse) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *TokenResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[6]
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[8]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -456,7 +587,7 @@ func (x *TokenResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use TokenResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*TokenResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{6}
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{8}
 }
 
 func (x *TokenResponse) GetToken() string {
@@ -475,7 +606,7 @@ type ResetRequest struct {
 func (x *ResetRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = ResetRequest{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[7]
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[9]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -488,7 +619,7 @@ func (x *ResetRequest) String() string {
 func (*ResetRequest) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *ResetRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[7]
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[9]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -501,7 +632,7 @@ func (x *ResetRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use ResetRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*ResetRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{7}
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{9}
 }
 
 type Service struct {
@@ -518,7 +649,7 @@ type Service struct {
 func (x *Service) Reset() {
 	*x = Service{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[8]
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[10]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -531,7 +662,7 @@ func (x *Service) String() string {
 func (*Service) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *Service) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[8]
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[10]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -544,7 +675,7 @@ func (x *Service) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use Service.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*Service) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{8}
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{10}
 }
 
 func (x *Service) GetId() string {
@@ -586,7 +717,7 @@ type InspectServiceRequest struct {
 func (x *InspectServiceRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = InspectServiceRequest{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[9]
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[11]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -599,7 +730,7 @@ func (x *InspectServiceRequest) String() string {
 func (*InspectServiceRequest) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *InspectServiceRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[9]
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[11]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -612,7 +743,7 @@ func (x *InspectServiceRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use InspectServiceRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*InspectServiceRequest) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{9}
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{11}
 }
 
 func (x *InspectServiceRequest) GetId() string {
@@ -633,7 +764,7 @@ type InspectServiceResponse struct {
 func (x *InspectServiceResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = InspectServiceResponse{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[10]
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[12]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -646,7 +777,7 @@ func (x *InspectServiceResponse) String() string {
 func (*InspectServiceResponse) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *InspectServiceResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[10]
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[12]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -659,7 +790,7 @@ func (x *InspectServiceResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use InspectServiceResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*InspectServiceResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{10}
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{12}
 }
 
 func (x *InspectServiceResponse) GetService() *Service {
@@ -669,6 +800,164 @@ func (x *InspectServiceResponse) GetService() *Service {
 	return nil
 }
 
+type InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse struct {
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	InterfaceName string           `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=interface_name,json=interfaceName,proto3" json:"interface_name,omitempty"`
+	PublicKey     []byte           `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=public_key,json=publicKey,proto3" json:"public_key,omitempty"`
+	ListenPort    int32            `protobuf:"varint,3,opt,name=listen_port,json=listenPort,proto3" json:"listen_port,omitempty"`
+	Peers         []*WireGuardPeer `protobuf:"bytes,4,rep,name=peers,proto3" json:"peers,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (x *InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse) Reset() {
+	*x = InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse{}
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[13]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x *InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[13]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{13}
+}
+
+func (x *InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse) GetInterfaceName() string {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.InterfaceName
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (x *InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse) GetPublicKey() []byte {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.PublicKey
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (x *InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse) GetListenPort() int32 {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.ListenPort
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+func (x *InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse) GetPeers() []*WireGuardPeer {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Peers
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+type WireGuardPeer struct {
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	PublicKey         []byte                 `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=public_key,json=publicKey,proto3" json:"public_key,omitempty"`
+	Endpoint          string                 `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=endpoint,proto3" json:"endpoint,omitempty"`
+	LastHandshakeTime *timestamppb.Timestamp `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=last_handshake_time,json=lastHandshakeTime,proto3" json:"last_handshake_time,omitempty"`
+	ReceiveBytes      int64                  `protobuf:"varint,4,opt,name=receive_bytes,json=receiveBytes,proto3" json:"receive_bytes,omitempty"`
+	TransmitBytes     int64                  `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=transmit_bytes,json=transmitBytes,proto3" json:"transmit_bytes,omitempty"`
+	AllowedIps        []string               `protobuf:"bytes,6,rep,name=allowed_ips,json=allowedIps,proto3" json:"allowed_ips,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (x *WireGuardPeer) Reset() {
+	*x = WireGuardPeer{}
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[14]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x *WireGuardPeer) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*WireGuardPeer) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *WireGuardPeer) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[14]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use WireGuardPeer.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*WireGuardPeer) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{14}
+}
+
+func (x *WireGuardPeer) GetPublicKey() []byte {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.PublicKey
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (x *WireGuardPeer) GetEndpoint() string {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Endpoint
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (x *WireGuardPeer) GetLastHandshakeTime() *timestamppb.Timestamp {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.LastHandshakeTime
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (x *WireGuardPeer) GetReceiveBytes() int64 {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.ReceiveBytes
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+func (x *WireGuardPeer) GetTransmitBytes() int64 {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.TransmitBytes
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+func (x *WireGuardPeer) GetAllowedIps() []string {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.AllowedIps
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 type Service_Container struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -682,7 +971,7 @@ type Service_Container struct {
 func (x *Service_Container) Reset() {
 	*x = Service_Container{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[11]
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[15]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -695,7 +984,7 @@ func (x *Service_Container) String() string {
 func (*Service_Container) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *Service_Container) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[11]
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[15]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -708,7 +997,7 @@ func (x *Service_Container) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use Service_Container.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*Service_Container) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{8, 0}
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{10, 0}
 }
 
 func (x *Service_Container) GetMachineId() string {
@@ -732,58 +1021,81 @@ var file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
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+	0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }
 
 var (
@@ -853,57 +1203,73 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDescData
 }
 
-var file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 12)
+var file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 16)
 var file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_goTypes = []any{
-	(*MachineInfo)(nil),                // 0: api.MachineInfo
-	(*NetworkConfig)(nil),              // 1: api.NetworkConfig
-	(*CheckPrerequisitesResponse)(nil), // 2: api.CheckPrerequisitesResponse
-	(*InitClusterRequest)(nil),         // 3: api.InitClusterRequest
-	(*InitClusterResponse)(nil),        // 4: api.InitClusterResponse
-	(*JoinClusterRequest)(nil),         // 5: api.JoinClusterRequest
-	(*TokenResponse)(nil),              // 6: api.TokenResponse
-	(*ResetRequest)(nil),               // 7: api.ResetRequest
-	(*Service)(nil),                    // 8: api.Service
-	(*InspectServiceRequest)(nil),      // 9: api.InspectServiceRequest
-	(*InspectServiceResponse)(nil),     // 10: api.InspectServiceResponse
-	(*Service_Container)(nil),          // 11: api.Service.Container
-	(*IP)(nil),                         // 12: api.IP
-	(*IPPrefix)(nil),                   // 13: api.IPPrefix
-	(*IPPort)(nil),                     // 14: api.IPPort
-	(*emptypb.Empty)(nil),              // 15: google.protobuf.Empty
+	(*MachineInfo)(nil),                     // 0: api.MachineInfo
+	(*NetworkConfig)(nil),                   // 1: api.NetworkConfig
+	(*CheckPrerequisitesResponse)(nil),      // 2: api.CheckPrerequisitesResponse
+	(*InitClusterRequest)(nil),              // 3: api.InitClusterRequest
+	(*InitClusterResponse)(nil),             // 4: api.InitClusterResponse
+	(*JoinClusterRequest)(nil),              // 5: api.JoinClusterRequest
+	(*InspectMachineResponse)(nil),          // 6: api.InspectMachineResponse
+	(*MachineDetails)(nil),                  // 7: api.MachineDetails
+	(*TokenResponse)(nil),                   // 8: api.TokenResponse
+	(*ResetRequest)(nil),                    // 9: api.ResetRequest
+	(*Service)(nil),                         // 10: api.Service
+	(*InspectServiceRequest)(nil),           // 11: api.InspectServiceRequest
+	(*InspectServiceResponse)(nil),          // 12: api.InspectServiceResponse
+	(*InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse)(nil), // 13: api.InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse
+	(*WireGuardPeer)(nil),                   // 14: api.WireGuardPeer
+	(*Service_Container)(nil),               // 15: api.Service.Container
+	(*IP)(nil),                              // 16: api.IP
+	(*IPPrefix)(nil),                        // 17: api.IPPrefix
+	(*IPPort)(nil),                          // 18: api.IPPort
+	(*Metadata)(nil),                        // 19: api.Metadata
+	(*timestamppb.Timestamp)(nil),           // 20: google.protobuf.Timestamp
+	(*emptypb.Empty)(nil),                   // 21: google.protobuf.Empty
 }
 var file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
 	1,  // 0: api.MachineInfo.network:type_name -> api.NetworkConfig
-	12, // 1: api.MachineInfo.public_ip:type_name -> api.IP
-	13, // 2: api.NetworkConfig.subnet:type_name -> api.IPPrefix
-	12, // 3: api.NetworkConfig.management_ip:type_name -> api.IP
-	14, // 4: api.NetworkConfig.endpoints:type_name -> api.IPPort
-	13, // 5: api.InitClusterRequest.network:type_name -> api.IPPrefix
-	12, // 6: api.InitClusterRequest.public_ip:type_name -> api.IP
-	0,  // 7: api.InitClusterResponse.machine:type_name -> api.MachineInfo
-	0,  // 8: api.JoinClusterRequest.machine:type_name -> api.MachineInfo
-	0,  // 9: api.JoinClusterRequest.other_machines:type_name -> api.MachineInfo
-	11, // 10: api.Service.containers:type_name -> api.Service.Container
-	8,  // 11: api.InspectServiceResponse.service:type_name -> api.Service
-	15, // 12: api.Machine.CheckPrerequisites:input_type -> google.protobuf.Empty
-	3,  // 13: api.Machine.InitCluster:input_type -> api.InitClusterRequest
-	5,  // 14: api.Machine.JoinCluster:input_type -> api.JoinClusterRequest
-	15, // 15: api.Machine.Token:input_type -> google.protobuf.Empty
-	15, // 16: api.Machine.Inspect:input_type -> google.protobuf.Empty
-	7,  // 17: api.Machine.Reset:input_type -> api.ResetRequest
-	9,  // 18: api.Machine.InspectService:input_type -> api.InspectServiceRequest
-	2,  // 19: api.Machine.CheckPrerequisites:output_type -> api.CheckPrerequisitesResponse
-	4,  // 20: api.Machine.InitCluster:output_type -> api.InitClusterResponse
-	15, // 21: api.Machine.JoinCluster:output_type -> google.protobuf.Empty
-	6,  // 22: api.Machine.Token:output_type -> api.TokenResponse
-	0,  // 23: api.Machine.Inspect:output_type -> api.MachineInfo
-	15, // 24: api.Machine.Reset:output_type -> google.protobuf.Empty
-	10, // 25: api.Machine.InspectService:output_type -> api.InspectServiceResponse
-	19, // [19:26] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	12, // [12:19] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	12, // [12:12] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	12, // [12:12] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0,  // [0:12] is the sub-list for field type_name
+	16, // 1: api.MachineInfo.public_ip:type_name -> api.IP
+	17, // 2: api.NetworkConfig.subnet:type_name -> api.IPPrefix
+	16, // 3: api.NetworkConfig.management_ip:type_name -> api.IP
+	18, // 4: api.NetworkConfig.endpoints:type_name -> api.IPPort
+	17, // 5: api.InitClusterRequest.network:type_name -> api.IPPrefix
+	16, // 6: api.InitClusterRequest.public_ip:type_name -> api.IP
+	18, // 7: api.InitClusterRequest.wireguard_endpoints:type_name -> api.IPPort
+	0,  // 8: api.InitClusterResponse.machine:type_name -> api.MachineInfo
+	0,  // 9: api.JoinClusterRequest.machine:type_name -> api.MachineInfo
+	0,  // 10: api.JoinClusterRequest.other_machines:type_name -> api.MachineInfo
+	7,  // 11: api.InspectMachineResponse.machines:type_name -> api.MachineDetails
+	19, // 12: api.MachineDetails.metadata:type_name -> api.Metadata
+	0,  // 13: api.MachineDetails.machine:type_name -> api.MachineInfo
+	15, // 14: api.Service.containers:type_name -> api.Service.Container
+	10, // 15: api.InspectServiceResponse.service:type_name -> api.Service
+	14, // 16: api.InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse.peers:type_name -> api.WireGuardPeer
+	20, // 17: api.WireGuardPeer.last_handshake_time:type_name -> google.protobuf.Timestamp
+	21, // 18: api.Machine.CheckPrerequisites:input_type -> google.protobuf.Empty
+	3,  // 19: api.Machine.InitCluster:input_type -> api.InitClusterRequest
+	5,  // 20: api.Machine.JoinCluster:input_type -> api.JoinClusterRequest
+	21, // 21: api.Machine.Token:input_type -> google.protobuf.Empty
+	21, // 22: api.Machine.Inspect:input_type -> google.protobuf.Empty
+	21, // 23: api.Machine.InspectMachine:input_type -> google.protobuf.Empty
+	21, // 24: api.Machine.InspectWireGuardNetwork:input_type -> google.protobuf.Empty
+	9,  // 25: api.Machine.Reset:input_type -> api.ResetRequest
+	11, // 26: api.Machine.InspectService:input_type -> api.InspectServiceRequest
+	2,  // 27: api.Machine.CheckPrerequisites:output_type -> api.CheckPrerequisitesResponse
+	4,  // 28: api.Machine.InitCluster:output_type -> api.InitClusterResponse
+	21, // 29: api.Machine.JoinCluster:output_type -> google.protobuf.Empty
+	8,  // 30: api.Machine.Token:output_type -> api.TokenResponse
+	0,  // 31: api.Machine.Inspect:output_type -> api.MachineInfo
+	6,  // 32: api.Machine.InspectMachine:output_type -> api.InspectMachineResponse
+	13, // 33: api.Machine.InspectWireGuardNetwork:output_type -> api.InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse
+	21, // 34: api.Machine.Reset:output_type -> google.protobuf.Empty
+	12, // 35: api.Machine.InspectService:output_type -> api.InspectServiceResponse
+	27, // [27:36] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	18, // [18:27] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	18, // [18:18] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	18, // [18:18] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0,  // [0:18] is the sub-list for field type_name
 }
 
 func init() { file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_init() }
@@ -986,7 +1352,7 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[6].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
-			switch v := v.(*TokenResponse); i {
+			switch v := v.(*InspectMachineResponse); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -998,7 +1364,7 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[7].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
-			switch v := v.(*ResetRequest); i {
+			switch v := v.(*MachineDetails); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -1010,7 +1376,7 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[8].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
-			switch v := v.(*Service); i {
+			switch v := v.(*TokenResponse); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -1022,7 +1388,7 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[9].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
-			switch v := v.(*InspectServiceRequest); i {
+			switch v := v.(*ResetRequest); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -1034,7 +1400,7 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[10].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
-			switch v := v.(*InspectServiceResponse); i {
+			switch v := v.(*Service); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -1046,6 +1412,54 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[11].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
+			switch v := v.(*InspectServiceRequest); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[12].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
+			switch v := v.(*InspectServiceResponse); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[13].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
+			switch v := v.(*InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[14].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
+			switch v := v.(*WireGuardPeer); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_msgTypes[15].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
 			switch v := v.(*Service_Container); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
@@ -1068,7 +1482,7 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_init() {
 			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
 			RawDescriptor: file_internal_machine_api_pb_machine_proto_rawDesc,
 			NumEnums:      0,
-			NumMessages:   12,
+			NumMessages:   16,
 			NumExtensions: 0,
 			NumServices:   1,
 		},

internal/machine/api/pb/machine.proto

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package api;
 option go_package = "github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb";
 
 import "google/protobuf/empty.proto";
+import "google/protobuf/timestamp.proto";
 import "internal/machine/api/pb/common.proto";
 
 service Machine {
@@ -13,7 +14,12 @@ service Machine {
   rpc InitCluster(InitClusterRequest) returns (InitClusterResponse);
   rpc JoinCluster(JoinClusterRequest) returns (google.protobuf.Empty);
   rpc Token(google.protobuf.Empty) returns (TokenResponse);
+  // Deprecated: use InspectMachine instead.
   rpc Inspect(google.protobuf.Empty) returns (MachineInfo);
+  // InspectMachine retrieves detailed information about the machine. Supports broadcasting to multiple machines.
+  rpc InspectMachine(google.protobuf.Empty) returns (InspectMachineResponse);
+  // InspectWireGuardNetwork retrieves the current WireGuard network configuration and peer status.
+  rpc InspectWireGuardNetwork(google.protobuf.Empty) returns (InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse);
   // Reset restores the machine to a clean state, removing all cluster-related configuration and data.
   rpc Reset(ResetRequest) returns (google.protobuf.Empty);
 
@@ -49,6 +55,9 @@ message InitClusterRequest {
     IP public_ip = 3;
     bool public_ip_auto = 4;
   }
+
+  // Optional WireGuard endpoints other machines will use to connect to this machine instead of auto-discovered ones.
+  repeated IPPort wireguard_endpoints = 5;
 }
 
 message InitClusterResponse {
@@ -58,6 +67,20 @@ message InitClusterResponse {
 message JoinClusterRequest {
   MachineInfo machine = 1;
   repeated MachineInfo other_machines = 3;
+  // Minimum store database version the new machine should sync to before starting cluster operations.
+  int64 min_store_db_version = 4;
+}
+
+message InspectMachineResponse {
+  // Must contain only one repeated messages field to allow broadcasting InspectMachine requests to multiple machines.
+  repeated MachineDetails machines = 1;
+}
+
+message MachineDetails {
+  Metadata metadata = 1;
+  MachineInfo machine = 2;
+  // Current Corrosion cr-sqlite database version (Lamport timestamp) of the cluster store.
+  int64 store_db_version = 3;
 }
 
 message TokenResponse {
@@ -88,3 +111,19 @@ message InspectServiceRequest {
 message InspectServiceResponse {
   Service service = 1;
 }
+
+message InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse {
+  string interface_name = 1;
+  bytes public_key = 2;
+  int32 listen_port = 3;
+  repeated WireGuardPeer peers = 4;
+}
+
+message WireGuardPeer {
+  bytes public_key = 1;
+  string endpoint = 2;
+  google.protobuf.Timestamp last_handshake_time = 3;
+  int64 receive_bytes = 4;
+  int64 transmit_bytes = 5;
+  repeated string allowed_ips = 6;
+}

internal/machine/api/pb/machine_grpc.pb.go

@@ -20,13 +20,15 @@ import (
 const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion9
 
 const (
-	Machine_CheckPrerequisites_FullMethodName = "/api.Machine/CheckPrerequisites"
-	Machine_InitCluster_FullMethodName        = "/api.Machine/InitCluster"
-	Machine_JoinCluster_FullMethodName        = "/api.Machine/JoinCluster"
-	Machine_Token_FullMethodName              = "/api.Machine/Token"
-	Machine_Inspect_FullMethodName            = "/api.Machine/Inspect"
-	Machine_Reset_FullMethodName              = "/api.Machine/Reset"
-	Machine_InspectService_FullMethodName     = "/api.Machine/InspectService"
+	Machine_CheckPrerequisites_FullMethodName      = "/api.Machine/CheckPrerequisites"
+	Machine_InitCluster_FullMethodName             = "/api.Machine/InitCluster"
+	Machine_JoinCluster_FullMethodName             = "/api.Machine/JoinCluster"
+	Machine_Token_FullMethodName                   = "/api.Machine/Token"
+	Machine_Inspect_FullMethodName                 = "/api.Machine/Inspect"
+	Machine_InspectMachine_FullMethodName          = "/api.Machine/InspectMachine"
+	Machine_InspectWireGuardNetwork_FullMethodName = "/api.Machine/InspectWireGuardNetwork"
+	Machine_Reset_FullMethodName                   = "/api.Machine/Reset"
+	Machine_InspectService_FullMethodName          = "/api.Machine/InspectService"
 )
 
 // MachineClient is the client API for Machine service.
@@ -38,7 +40,12 @@ type MachineClient interface {
 	InitCluster(ctx context.Context, in *InitClusterRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*InitClusterResponse, error)
 	JoinCluster(ctx context.Context, in *JoinClusterRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*emptypb.Empty, error)
 	Token(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*TokenResponse, error)
+	// Deprecated: use InspectMachine instead.
 	Inspect(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*MachineInfo, error)
+	// InspectMachine retrieves detailed information about the machine. Supports broadcasting to multiple machines.
+	InspectMachine(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*InspectMachineResponse, error)
+	// InspectWireGuardNetwork retrieves the current WireGuard network configuration and peer status.
+	InspectWireGuardNetwork(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse, error)
 	// Reset restores the machine to a clean state, removing all cluster-related configuration and data.
 	Reset(ctx context.Context, in *ResetRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*emptypb.Empty, error)
 	InspectService(ctx context.Context, in *InspectServiceRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*InspectServiceResponse, error)
@@ -102,6 +109,26 @@ func (c *machineClient) Inspect(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...
 	return out, nil
 }
 
+func (c *machineClient) InspectMachine(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*InspectMachineResponse, error) {
+	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
+	out := new(InspectMachineResponse)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, Machine_InspectMachine_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func (c *machineClient) InspectWireGuardNetwork(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse, error) {
+	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
+	out := new(InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, Machine_InspectWireGuardNetwork_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
 func (c *machineClient) Reset(ctx context.Context, in *ResetRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*emptypb.Empty, error) {
 	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(emptypb.Empty)
@@ -131,7 +158,12 @@ type MachineServer interface {
 	InitCluster(context.Context, *InitClusterRequest) (*InitClusterResponse, error)
 	JoinCluster(context.Context, *JoinClusterRequest) (*emptypb.Empty, error)
 	Token(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*TokenResponse, error)
+	// Deprecated: use InspectMachine instead.
 	Inspect(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*MachineInfo, error)
+	// InspectMachine retrieves detailed information about the machine. Supports broadcasting to multiple machines.
+	InspectMachine(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*InspectMachineResponse, error)
+	// InspectWireGuardNetwork retrieves the current WireGuard network configuration and peer status.
+	InspectWireGuardNetwork(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse, error)
 	// Reset restores the machine to a clean state, removing all cluster-related configuration and data.
 	Reset(context.Context, *ResetRequest) (*emptypb.Empty, error)
 	InspectService(context.Context, *InspectServiceRequest) (*InspectServiceResponse, error)
@@ -160,6 +192,12 @@ func (UnimplementedMachineServer) Token(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*Token
 func (UnimplementedMachineServer) Inspect(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*MachineInfo, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method Inspect not implemented")
 }
+func (UnimplementedMachineServer) InspectMachine(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*InspectMachineResponse, error) {
+	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method InspectMachine not implemented")
+}
+func (UnimplementedMachineServer) InspectWireGuardNetwork(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse, error) {
+	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method InspectWireGuardNetwork not implemented")
+}
 func (UnimplementedMachineServer) Reset(context.Context, *ResetRequest) (*emptypb.Empty, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method Reset not implemented")
 }
@@ -277,6 +315,42 @@ func _Machine_Inspect_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(int
 	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
 }
 
+func _Machine_InspectMachine_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
+	in := new(emptypb.Empty)
+	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if interceptor == nil {
+		return srv.(MachineServer).InspectMachine(ctx, in)
+	}
+	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
+		Server:     srv,
+		FullMethod: Machine_InspectMachine_FullMethodName,
+	}
+	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+		return srv.(MachineServer).InspectMachine(ctx, req.(*emptypb.Empty))
+	}
+	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
+}
+
+func _Machine_InspectWireGuardNetwork_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
+	in := new(emptypb.Empty)
+	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if interceptor == nil {
+		return srv.(MachineServer).InspectWireGuardNetwork(ctx, in)
+	}
+	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
+		Server:     srv,
+		FullMethod: Machine_InspectWireGuardNetwork_FullMethodName,
+	}
+	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+		return srv.(MachineServer).InspectWireGuardNetwork(ctx, req.(*emptypb.Empty))
+	}
+	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
+}
+
 func _Machine_Reset_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
 	in := new(ResetRequest)
 	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
@@ -340,6 +414,14 @@ var Machine_ServiceDesc = grpc.ServiceDesc{
 			MethodName: "Inspect",
 			Handler:    _Machine_Inspect_Handler,
 		},
+		{
+			MethodName: "InspectMachine",
+			Handler:    _Machine_InspectMachine_Handler,
+		},
+		{
+			MethodName: "InspectWireGuardNetwork",
+			Handler:    _Machine_InspectWireGuardNetwork_Handler,
+		},
 		{
 			MethodName: "Reset",
 			Handler:    _Machine_Reset_Handler,

internal/machine/api/proxy/remote.go

@@ -80,6 +80,8 @@ func (b *RemoteBackend) GetConnection(ctx context.Context, _ string) (context.Co
 	backoffConfig.MaxDelay = 15 * time.Second
 
 	var err error
+	// This client keeps retrying connection in the background indefinitely even after the first connection fails
+	// and the Unavailable error is returned to the caller.
 	b.conn, err = grpc.NewClient(
 		b.target,
 		grpc.WithTransportCredentials(insecure.NewCredentials()),
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ func (b *RemoteBackend) GetConnection(ctx context.Context, _ string) (context.Co
 			// Not published as a constant in gRPC library.
 			// See: https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/blob/d5dee5fdbdeb52f6ea10b37b2cc7ce37814642d7/clientconn.go#L55-L56
 			// Each connection attempt can take up to MinConnectTimeout.
-			MinConnectTimeout: 20 * time.Second,
+			MinConnectTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
 		}),
 		grpc.WithDefaultCallOptions(
 			grpc.ForceCodecV2(proxy.Codec()),

internal/machine/caddyconfig/caddyfile.go

@@ -12,14 +12,16 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"text/template"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/store"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
 )
 
 const (
-	caddyfileHeader = `# This file is autogenerated by Uncloud based on the configuration of running services.
-# Do not edit manually. Any manual changes will be overwritten on the next update.
+	caddyfileHeaderFmt = `# Caddyfile autogenerated by Uncloud (DO NOT EDIT): %s
+# Automatically updated on service or health status changes.
+# Docs: https://uncloud.run/docs/concepts/ingress/overview
 `
 	caddyfileTemplate = `# Health check endpoint to verify Caddy reachability on this machine.
 http:// {
@@ -56,7 +58,9 @@ https://{{$hostname}} {
 }{{end}}
 `
 	caddyfileUnavailabeFooter = `# NOTE: User-defined configs for services were skipped because Caddy is not running on this machine
-#       or the latest generated config is invalid. Please check the Caddy logs if it's running.
+#       (not accessible via the shared admin socket /run/uncloud/caddy/admin.sock) or the latest
+#       generated config is invalid. Please check the service 'caddy' is running (uc inspect caddy)
+#       and its logs for more details (uc logs caddy).
 `
 )
 
@@ -120,6 +124,7 @@ func (g *CaddyfileGenerator) Generate(
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("generate base Caddyfile from service ports: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	caddyfileHeader := fmt.Sprintf(caddyfileHeaderFmt, time.Now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339))
 	if !includeCustom {
 		return fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s\n%s", caddyfileHeader, caddyfile, caddyfileUnavailabeFooter), nil
 	}

internal/machine/caddyconfig/caddyfile_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package caddyconfig
 import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
+	"regexp"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -17,8 +18,17 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-const testCaddyfileHeader = `# This file is autogenerated by Uncloud based on the configuration of running services.
-# Do not edit manually. Any manual changes will be overwritten on the next update.
+// generatedTimestampRegex matches the "(DO NOT EDIT): <RFC3339 timestamp>" part of the header.
+var generatedTimestampRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`\(DO NOT EDIT\): \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}T\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}Z`)
+
+// normaliseGeneratedTimestamp replaces dynamic timestamps with a placeholder for test comparison.
+func normaliseGeneratedTimestamp(caddyfile string) string {
+	return generatedTimestampRegex.ReplaceAllString(caddyfile, "(DO NOT EDIT): TIMESTAMP_PLACEHOLDER")
+}
+
+const testCaddyfileHeader = `# Caddyfile autogenerated by Uncloud (DO NOT EDIT): TIMESTAMP_PLACEHOLDER
+# Automatically updated on service or health status changes.
+# Docs: https://uncloud.run/docs/concepts/ingress/overview
 
 # Health check endpoint to verify Caddy reachability on this machine.
 http:// {
@@ -190,7 +200,7 @@ https://secure.example.com {
 			}
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
-			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, config, "Generated Caddyfile doesn't match")
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, normaliseGeneratedTimestamp(config), "Generated Caddyfile doesn't match")
 		})
 	}
 }
@@ -216,8 +226,9 @@ func TestCaddyfileGeneratorWithCustomConfigs(t *testing.T) {
 					time.Now(),
 				),
 			},
-			want: `# This file is autogenerated by Uncloud based on the configuration of running services.
-# Do not edit manually. Any manual changes will be overwritten on the next update.
+			want: `# Caddyfile autogenerated by Uncloud (DO NOT EDIT): TIMESTAMP_PLACEHOLDER
+# Automatically updated on service or health status changes.
+# Docs: https://uncloud.run/docs/concepts/ingress/overview
 
 # User-defined global config from service 'caddy'.
 # Global Caddy configuration
@@ -412,8 +423,9 @@ web.example.com {
 					time.Now(),
 				),
 			},
-			want: `# This file is autogenerated by Uncloud based on the configuration of running services.
-# Do not edit manually. Any manual changes will be overwritten on the next update.
+			want: `# Caddyfile autogenerated by Uncloud (DO NOT EDIT): TIMESTAMP_PLACEHOLDER
+# Automatically updated on service or health status changes.
+# Docs: https://uncloud.run/docs/concepts/ingress/overview
 
 # User-defined global config from service 'caddy'.
 # Global config
@@ -649,8 +661,9 @@ badconfig.com {
 					time.Now(),
 				),
 			},
-			want: `# This file is autogenerated by Uncloud based on the configuration of running services.
-# Do not edit manually. Any manual changes will be overwritten on the next update.
+			want: `# Caddyfile autogenerated by Uncloud (DO NOT EDIT): TIMESTAMP_PLACEHOLDER
+# Automatically updated on service or health status changes.
+# Docs: https://uncloud.run/docs/concepts/ingress/overview
 
 # User-defined global config from service 'caddy'.
 # Global config from test machine
@@ -831,7 +844,7 @@ valid.example.com {
 			}
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
-			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, config, "Generated Caddyfile doesn't match")
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, normaliseGeneratedTimestamp(config), "Generated Caddyfile doesn't match")
 		})
 	}
 }
@@ -926,7 +939,9 @@ http://api.example.com {
 }
 
 # NOTE: User-defined configs for services were skipped because Caddy is not running on this machine
-#       or the latest generated config is invalid. Please check the Caddy logs if it's running.
+#       (not accessible via the shared admin socket /run/uncloud/caddy/admin.sock) or the latest
+#       generated config is invalid. Please check the service 'caddy' is running (uc inspect caddy)
+#       and its logs for more details (uc logs caddy).
 `,
 		},
 		{
@@ -950,7 +965,9 @@ http://api.example.com {
 }
 
 # NOTE: User-defined configs for services were skipped because Caddy is not running on this machine
-#       or the latest generated config is invalid. Please check the Caddy logs if it's running.
+#       (not accessible via the shared admin socket /run/uncloud/caddy/admin.sock) or the latest
+#       generated config is invalid. Please check the service 'caddy' is running (uc inspect caddy)
+#       and its logs for more details (uc logs caddy).
 `,
 		},
 	}
@@ -964,7 +981,7 @@ http://api.example.com {
 			config, err := generator.Generate(ctx, tt.containers, false)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
-			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, config, "Generated Caddyfile doesn't match")
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, normaliseGeneratedTimestamp(config), "Generated Caddyfile doesn't match")
 		})
 	}
 }

internal/machine/cluster.go

@@ -40,7 +40,9 @@ type clusterController struct {
 	corroService corroservice.Service
 	dockerCtrl   *docker.Controller
 	// dockerReady is signalled when Docker is configured and ready for containers.
-	dockerReady     chan<- struct{}
+	dockerReady chan<- struct{}
+	// clusterReady is signalled when the cluster controller has finished initializing all components.
+	clusterReady    chan<- struct{}
 	caddyconfigCtrl *caddyconfig.Controller
 
 	// dnsServer is the embedded internal DNS server for the cluster listening on the machine IP.
@@ -60,6 +62,7 @@ func newClusterController(
 	corroService corroservice.Service,
 	dockerService *docker.Service,
 	dockerReady chan<- struct{},
+	clusterReady chan<- struct{},
 	caddyfileCtrl *caddyconfig.Controller,
 	dnsServer *dns.Server,
 	dnsResolver *dns.ClusterResolver,
@@ -81,6 +84,7 @@ func newClusterController(
 		corroService:    corroService,
 		dockerCtrl:      docker.NewController(state.ID, dockerService, store),
 		dockerReady:     dockerReady,
+		clusterReady:    clusterReady,
 		caddyconfigCtrl: caddyfileCtrl,
 		dnsServer:       dnsServer,
 		dnsResolver:     dnsResolver,
@@ -123,6 +127,21 @@ func (cc *clusterController) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
 
 	errGroup, ctx := errgroup.WithContext(ctx)
 
+	// Start the WireGuard control loop before waiting for store sync. This ensures endpoint rotation happens
+	// while waiting, allowing Corrosion to connect to peers.
+	errGroup.Go(func() error {
+		if err := cc.wgnet.Run(ctx); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("WireGuard network failed: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	// Watch for WireGuard peer endpoint changes and update the machine state accordingly.
+	errGroup.Go(func() error {
+		cc.handleEndpointChanges(ctx)
+		return nil
+	})
+
 	// Start the network API server. Assume the management IP can't be changed when the network is running.
 	apiAddr := net.JoinHostPort(cc.state.Network.ManagementIP.String(), strconv.Itoa(constants.MachineAPIPort))
 	listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", apiAddr)
@@ -137,6 +156,22 @@ func (cc *clusterController) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return nil
 	})
 
+	// Wait for the store database to sync to the minimum version before starting store-dependent components.
+	// This prevents issues with using partially replicated data when the machine just joined the cluster,
+	// e.g., an empty machine list causing WireGuard peer misconfiguration.
+	cc.waitStoreSync(ctx)
+
+	// Check if waitStoreSync exited because the context was cancelled. Return early in that case.
+	if ctx.Err() != nil {
+		cc.stopAPIServer()
+
+		err := errGroup.Wait()
+		if corroErr := cc.stopCorrosion(); corroErr != nil {
+			err = errors.Join(err, corroErr)
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+
 	errGroup.Go(func() error {
 		slog.Info("Starting embedded DNS resolver.")
 		if err := cc.dnsResolver.Run(ctx); err != nil {
@@ -169,44 +204,6 @@ func (cc *clusterController) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return nil
 	})
 
-	// Watch for WireGuard peer endpoint changes and update the machine state accordingly.
-	errGroup.Go(func() error {
-		for {
-			select {
-			case e, ok := <-cc.endpointChanges:
-				if !ok {
-					// The channel was closed, stop watching for changes.
-					cc.endpointChanges = nil
-					return nil
-				}
-
-				cc.state.mu.Lock()
-				for i := range cc.state.Network.Peers {
-					if cc.state.Network.Peers[i].PublicKey.Equal(e.PublicKey) {
-						cc.state.Network.Peers[i].Endpoint = &e.Endpoint
-						break
-					}
-				}
-				if err := cc.state.Save(); err != nil {
-					slog.Error("Failed to save machine state.", "err", err)
-				}
-				cc.state.mu.Unlock()
-
-				slog.Debug("Preserved endpoint change in the machine state.",
-					"public_key", e.PublicKey, "endpoint", e.Endpoint)
-			case <-ctx.Done():
-				return nil
-			}
-		}
-	})
-
-	errGroup.Go(func() error {
-		if err := cc.wgnet.Run(ctx); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("WireGuard network failed: %w", err)
-		}
-		return nil
-	})
-
 	errGroup.Go(func() error {
 		slog.Info("Starting caddyconfig controller.")
 		if err := cc.caddyconfigCtrl.Run(ctx); err != nil {
@@ -225,12 +222,13 @@ func (cc *clusterController) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
 		})
 	}
 
-	// Wait for the context to be done and stop the network API server.
+	// Signal that the cluster controller has finished starting all components.
+	close(cc.clusterReady)
+	slog.Info("Cluster controller finished starting all components.")
+	// Wait for the context to be done and stop all servers and controllers.
 	<-ctx.Done()
-	slog.Info("Stopping network API server.")
-	// TODO: implement timeout for graceful shutdown.
-	cc.server.GracefulStop()
-	slog.Info("Network API server stopped.")
+
+	cc.stopAPIServer()
 
 	// Stop the unregistry server with a timeout if it was started.
 	if cc.unregistry != nil {
@@ -248,19 +246,50 @@ func (cc *clusterController) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	// Wait for all controllers to finish.
 	err = errGroup.Wait()
 
-	// It's safe to stop the Corrosion service after the controllers depending on it and API server are stopped.
-	// Use a new context with a timeout as the current context is already canceled.
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
-	defer cancel()
-	if corroErr := cc.corroService.Stop(ctx); corroErr != nil {
-		err = errors.Join(err, fmt.Errorf("stop corrosion service: %w", corroErr))
-	} else {
-		slog.Info("Corrosion service stopped.")
+	// Stop Corrosion after all controllers depending on it and API server are stopped.
+	if corroErr := cc.stopCorrosion(); corroErr != nil {
+		err = errors.Join(err, corroErr)
 	}
 
 	return err
 }
 
+// stopAPIServer gracefully stops the network API server with a timeout.
+func (cc *clusterController) stopAPIServer() {
+	timeout := 10 * time.Second
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), timeout)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	stopped := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		slog.Info("Stopping network API server.")
+		cc.server.GracefulStop()
+		close(stopped)
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		slog.Warn("Network API server graceful stop timed out, forcing stop.", "timeout", timeout)
+		cc.server.Stop()
+	case <-stopped:
+	}
+
+	slog.Info("Network API server stopped.")
+}
+
+// stopCorrosion stops the Corrosion service with a timeout.
+func (cc *clusterController) stopCorrosion() error {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	if err := cc.corroService.Stop(ctx); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("stop corrosion service: %w", err)
+	}
+	slog.Info("Corrosion service stopped.")
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 // ensureDockerNetwork ensures that the Docker network is configured and ready for containers.
 func (cc *clusterController) ensureDockerNetwork(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if err := cc.dockerCtrl.WaitDaemonReady(ctx); err != nil {
@@ -281,6 +310,140 @@ func (cc *clusterController) ensureDockerNetwork(ctx context.Context) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// handleEndpointChanges watches for WireGuard peer endpoint changes and persists them to the machine state.
+func (cc *clusterController) handleEndpointChanges(ctx context.Context) {
+	for {
+		select {
+		case e, ok := <-cc.endpointChanges:
+			if !ok {
+				// The channel was closed, stop watching for changes.
+				cc.endpointChanges = nil
+				return
+			}
+
+			cc.state.mu.Lock()
+			for i := range cc.state.Network.Peers {
+				if cc.state.Network.Peers[i].PublicKey.Equal(e.PublicKey) {
+					cc.state.Network.Peers[i].Endpoint = &e.Endpoint
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			if err := cc.state.Save(); err != nil {
+				slog.Error("Failed to save machine state.", "err", err)
+			}
+			cc.state.mu.Unlock()
+
+			slog.Debug("Preserved endpoint change in the machine state.",
+				"public_key", e.PublicKey, "endpoint", e.Endpoint)
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// waitStoreSync waits for the store database to sync to the minimum required DB version if set in the machine state.
+// Blocks until synced or context is cancelled.
+func (cc *clusterController) waitStoreSync(ctx context.Context) {
+	minVersion := cc.state.MinStoreDBVersion
+	if minVersion == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	slog.Info("Waiting for the initial cluster store sync.", "min_version", minVersion)
+
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(500 * time.Millisecond)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	var (
+		lastVersion    int64
+		lastLogTime    time.Time
+		lastErrLogTime time.Time
+	)
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			version, err := cc.store.DBVersion(ctx)
+			if err != nil {
+				// Log errors at most once every 5 seconds.
+				if time.Since(lastErrLogTime) >= 5*time.Second {
+					slog.Error("Failed to get the cluster store DB version, retrying.", "err", err)
+					lastErrLogTime = time.Now()
+				}
+				continue
+			}
+
+			if version >= minVersion {
+				// Clear MinStoreDBVersion so next restart doesn't wait for sync.
+				cc.state.mu.Lock()
+				cc.state.MinStoreDBVersion = 0
+				if err := cc.state.Save(); err != nil {
+					slog.Error("Failed to save machine state after the initial cluster store sync.", "err", err)
+				}
+				cc.state.mu.Unlock()
+
+				// Wait for all known missing changes to be synced before returning.
+				// TODO: reevaluate if this is necessary after migrating to the latest Corrosion version:
+				//  https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/issues/172
+				//  This works on the best effort basis as the missing changes may not be yet known when we start
+				//  checking it after reaching the minimum version.
+				//  Reaching the minimum version doesn't guarantee that the store is actually synced to
+				//  the state we observed on the source node. db_version is a machine-local Lamport clock.
+				//  When changes are received from a remote machine, the local db_version is set to
+				//  max(local_db_version, incoming_db_version) + 1 for each applied transaction. This means
+				//  the new machine's db_version can jump well past the source machine's db_version on the very
+				//  first batch of replicated changes, without having received all changes from all machines
+				//  in the cluster.
+				cc.waitKnownMissingChanges(ctx)
+
+				if ver, verErr := cc.store.DBVersion(ctx); verErr == nil {
+					version = ver
+				}
+				slog.Info("Cluster store completed the initial sync.", "version", version, "min_version", minVersion)
+
+				return
+			}
+
+			// Log progress only once a second.
+			if version != lastVersion && time.Since(lastLogTime) >= 1*time.Second {
+				slog.Info("Syncing cluster store.", "version", version, "min_version", minVersion)
+				lastLogTime = time.Now()
+				lastVersion = version
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// waitKnownMissingChanges polls the store until all known missing changes have been synced.
+func (cc *clusterController) waitKnownMissingChanges(ctx context.Context) {
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(1 * time.Second)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			changes, err := cc.store.KnownMissingChanges(ctx)
+			if err != nil {
+				slog.Error("Failed to get known missing changes from the cluster store, skipping check.",
+					"err", err)
+				return
+			}
+
+			if len(changes) == 0 {
+				slog.Debug("All known missing changes have been synced to the cluster store.")
+				return
+			}
+
+			slog.Debug("Waiting for known missing changes to be synced to the cluster store.", "remaining",
+				len(changes))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // syncDockerContainers watches local Docker containers and syncs them to the cluster store.
 // TODO: move this to the Docker controller.
 func (cc *clusterController) syncDockerContainers(ctx context.Context) error {
@@ -340,6 +503,8 @@ func (cc *clusterController) handleMachineChanges(ctx context.Context) error {
 
 		// The machine store may be empty when a machine first joins the cluster, before store synchronization
 		// completes. Skip configuration now and apply it when the store changes are received.
+		// TODO: remove this check after ensuring the store is actually synced to the latest known state at this point.
+		//  See TODO in waitStoreSync.
 		if len(machines) > 0 {
 			slog.Info("Reconfiguring network peers with the current machines.", "machines", len(machines))
 			if err = cc.configurePeers(machines); err != nil {
@@ -358,6 +523,14 @@ func (cc *clusterController) handleMachineChanges(ctx context.Context) error {
 					slog.Error("Failed to list machines.", "err", err)
 					continue
 				}
+				// Skip reconfiguration if the machines list is empty. This can happen when joining the cluster.
+				// Corrosion can notifies about table changes before the data is fully replicated.
+				// Reconfiguring with an empty list would remove all peers and lock this machine out of the cluster.
+				// See https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/issues/155.
+				if len(machines) == 0 {
+					slog.Debug("Skipping peer reconfiguration: machines list in store is empty.")
+					continue
+				}
 				if err = cc.configurePeers(machines); err != nil {
 					slog.Error("Failed to configure peers.", "err", err)
 				}

internal/machine/cluster/cluster.go

@@ -26,12 +26,19 @@ type Cluster struct {
 	corroAdmin *corrosion.AdminClient
 	// machineID is the ID of the current machine that is running the cluster service.
 	machineID string
+	// initialised is closed when the machine is configured as a member of a cluster.
+	initialised <-chan struct{}
+	// ready is closed when the cluster controller has finished starting all components
+	// and the machine is ready to serve cluster requests.
+	ready <-chan struct{}
 }
 
-func NewCluster(store *store.Store, corroAdmin *corrosion.AdminClient) *Cluster {
+func NewCluster(store *store.Store, corroAdmin *corrosion.AdminClient, initialised, ready <-chan struct{}) *Cluster {
 	return &Cluster{
-		store:      store,
-		corroAdmin: corroAdmin,
+		store:       store,
+		corroAdmin:  corroAdmin,
+		initialised: initialised,
+		ready:       ready,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -41,67 +48,45 @@ func (c *Cluster) UpdateMachineID(mid string) {
 }
 
 func (c *Cluster) Init(ctx context.Context, network netip.Prefix) error {
-	initialised, err := c.Initialised(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if initialised {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cluster is already initialised")
+	select {
+	case <-c.initialised:
+		return fmt.Errorf("cluster is already initialised on this machine")
+	default:
 	}
 
-	if err = c.store.Put(ctx, "network", network.String()); err != nil {
+	if err := c.store.Put(ctx, "network", network.String()); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("put network to store: %w", err)
 	}
-	if err = c.store.Put(ctx, "created_at", time.Now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)); err != nil {
+	if err := c.store.Put(ctx, "created_at", time.Now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("put created_at to store: %w", err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *Cluster) Initialised(ctx context.Context) (bool, error) {
-	var createdAt string
-	if err := c.store.Get(ctx, "created_at", &createdAt); err != nil {
-		if errors.Is(err, store.ErrKeyNotFound) {
-			return false, nil
-		}
-		return false, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "get created_at from store: %v", err)
+// checkReady checks if the machine is ready to serve cluster requests (store synced, cluster components started).
+func (c *Cluster) checkReady() error {
+	select {
+	case <-c.ready:
+		return nil
+	default:
+		return status.Error(codes.Unavailable, "machine is not ready to serve cluster requests")
 	}
-	return true, nil
-}
-
-func (c *Cluster) checkInitialised(ctx context.Context) error {
-	initialised, err := c.Initialised(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if !initialised {
-		return status.Error(codes.FailedPrecondition, "cluster is not initialised")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (c *Cluster) Network(ctx context.Context) (netip.Prefix, error) {
-	if err := c.checkInitialised(ctx); err != nil {
-		return netip.Prefix{}, err
-	}
-
-	var net string
-	if err := c.store.Get(ctx, "network", &net); err != nil {
-		return netip.Prefix{}, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "get network from store: %v", err)
-	}
-	prefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(net)
-	if err != nil {
-		return netip.Prefix{}, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "parse network prefix: %v", err)
-	}
-	return prefix, nil
 }
 
 // AddMachine adds a machine to the cluster.
 func (c *Cluster) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, req *pb.AddMachineRequest) (*pb.AddMachineResponse, error) {
-	if err := c.checkInitialised(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := c.checkReady(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	return c.AddMachineWithoutReadyCheck(ctx, req)
+}
+
+// AddMachineWithoutReadyCheck adds a machine to the cluster without checking if the cluster is ready.
+// This is used internally during cluster initialisation to add the first machine.
+func (c *Cluster) AddMachineWithoutReadyCheck(
+	ctx context.Context, req *pb.AddMachineRequest,
+) (*pb.AddMachineResponse, error) {
 	if req.Network == nil {
 		return nil, status.Error(codes.InvalidArgument, "network not set")
 	}
@@ -162,7 +147,7 @@ func (c *Cluster) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, req *pb.AddMachineRequest) (*p
 		manageIP = pb.NewIP(network.ManagementIP(req.Network.PublicKey))
 	}
 	// Allocate a subnet for the machine from the cluster network.
-	clusterNetwork, err := c.Network(ctx)
+	clusterNetwork, err := c.network(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "get cluster network: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -198,9 +183,21 @@ func (c *Cluster) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, req *pb.AddMachineRequest) (*p
 	return resp, nil
 }
 
+func (c *Cluster) network(ctx context.Context) (netip.Prefix, error) {
+	var net string
+	if err := c.store.Get(ctx, "network", &net); err != nil {
+		return netip.Prefix{}, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "get network from store: %v", err)
+	}
+	prefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(net)
+	if err != nil {
+		return netip.Prefix{}, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "parse network prefix: %v", err)
+	}
+	return prefix, nil
+}
+
 // UpdateMachine updates machine configuration in the cluster.
 func (c *Cluster) UpdateMachine(ctx context.Context, req *pb.UpdateMachineRequest) (*pb.UpdateMachineResponse, error) {
-	if err := c.checkInitialised(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := c.checkReady(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
@@ -262,7 +259,7 @@ func (c *Cluster) UpdateMachine(ctx context.Context, req *pb.UpdateMachineReques
 			updatedMachine.PublicIp = req.PublicIp
 		}
 	}
-	if req.Endpoints != nil {
+	if len(req.Endpoints) > 0 {
 		updatedMachine.Network.Endpoints = req.Endpoints
 	}
 
@@ -283,7 +280,7 @@ func (c *Cluster) UpdateMachine(ctx context.Context, req *pb.UpdateMachineReques
 
 // ListMachines lists all machines in the cluster including their membership states.
 func (c *Cluster) ListMachines(ctx context.Context, _ *emptypb.Empty) (*pb.ListMachinesResponse, error) {
-	if err := c.checkInitialised(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := c.checkReady(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
@@ -329,7 +326,7 @@ func (c *Cluster) ListMachines(ctx context.Context, _ *emptypb.Empty) (*pb.ListM
 
 // RemoveMachine removes a machine from the cluster.
 func (c *Cluster) RemoveMachine(ctx context.Context, req *pb.RemoveMachineRequest) (*emptypb.Empty, error) {
-	if err := c.checkInitialised(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := c.checkReady(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 

internal/machine/cluster/dns.go

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ type uncloudDNSDomain struct {
 }
 
 func (c *Cluster) ReserveDomain(ctx context.Context, req *pb.ReserveDomainRequest) (*pb.Domain, error) {
-	if err := c.checkInitialised(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := c.checkReady(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func (c *Cluster) ReserveDomain(ctx context.Context, req *pb.ReserveDomainReques
 }
 
 func (c *Cluster) GetDomain(ctx context.Context, _ *emptypb.Empty) (*pb.Domain, error) {
-	if err := c.checkInitialised(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := c.checkReady(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func (c *Cluster) storedDomain(ctx context.Context) (uncloudDNSDomain, error) {
 }
 
 func (c *Cluster) ReleaseDomain(ctx context.Context, _ *emptypb.Empty) (*pb.Domain, error) {
-	if err := c.checkInitialised(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := c.checkReady(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ func (c *Cluster) ReleaseDomain(ctx context.Context, _ *emptypb.Empty) (*pb.Doma
 func (c *Cluster) CreateDomainRecords(
 	ctx context.Context, req *pb.CreateDomainRecordsRequest,
 ) (*pb.CreateDomainRecordsResponse, error) {
-	if err := c.checkInitialised(ctx); err != nil {
+	if err := c.checkReady(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 

internal/machine/dns/server.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"math/rand/v2"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
+	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ type Resolver interface {
 // to upstream DNS servers.
 type Server struct {
 	listenAddr      netip.Addr
+	localSubnet     netip.Prefix
 	resolver        Resolver
 	upstreamServers []netip.AddrPort
 
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@ type Server struct {
 // NewServer creates a new DNS server with the given configuration.
 // If upstreams is nil, nameservers from /etc/resolv.conf will be used. An empty upstreams list means to only resolve
 // internal DNS queries and not forward any external queries.
-func NewServer(listenAddr netip.Addr, resolver Resolver, upstreams []netip.AddrPort) (*Server, error) {
+func NewServer(listenAddr netip.Addr, localSubnet netip.Prefix, resolver Resolver, upstreams []netip.AddrPort) (*Server, error) {
 	if !listenAddr.IsValid() {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid listen address: %s", listenAddr)
 	}
@@ -87,6 +89,7 @@ func NewServer(listenAddr netip.Addr, resolver Resolver, upstreams []netip.AddrP
 
 	return &Server{
 		listenAddr:       listenAddr,
+		localSubnet:      localSubnet,
 		resolver:         resolver,
 		upstreamServers:  upstreams,
 		forwardSemaphore: make(chan struct{}, maxConcurrentForwards),
@@ -287,7 +290,7 @@ func (s *Server) forwardRequest(req *dns.Msg, proto string) (*dns.Msg, error) {
 // handleAQuery processes an A query for the internal domain and returns A records for the requested name.
 // The internal domain suffix is already stripped from the name. An empty list is returned if no records are found.
 func (s *Server) handleAQuery(name string) []dns.RR {
-	serviceName := trimInternalDomain(name)
+	serviceName, mode := extractModeFromDomain(trimInternalDomain(name))
 	ips := s.resolver.Resolve(serviceName)
 	if len(ips) == 0 {
 		s.log.Debug("Failed to resolve service name.", "service", serviceName)
@@ -296,10 +299,28 @@ func (s *Server) handleAQuery(name string) []dns.RR {
 	s.log.Debug("Resolved service name.", "service", serviceName, "ips", ips)
 
 	if len(ips) > 1 {
-		// TODO: sort by proximity to the requesting container/machine. For now, just shuffle the IPs.
+		// Shuffle the IPs to approximate round-robin.
+		// We want to do this as a baseline for "nearest" mode, as well.
 		rand.Shuffle(len(ips), func(i, j int) {
 			ips[i], ips[j] = ips[j], ips[i]
 		})
+
+		// Default (mode == "") currently behaves the same as round-robin,
+		// and nothing additional to do for round-robin (mode == "rr").
+
+		if mode == "nearest" {
+			// Sort IPs on local subnet to the top.
+			slices.SortFunc(ips, func(a, b netip.Addr) int {
+				aIsLocal := s.localSubnet.Contains(a)
+				bIsLocal := s.localSubnet.Contains(b)
+				if aIsLocal && !bIsLocal {
+					return -1
+				} else if bIsLocal && !aIsLocal {
+					return 1
+				}
+				return 0
+			})
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Create A records for each IP.
@@ -345,3 +366,13 @@ func trimInternalDomain(name string) string {
 
 	return strings.TrimSuffix(name, "."+InternalDomain)
 }
+
+func extractModeFromDomain(name string) (string, string) {
+	modes := []string{"nearest", "rr"}
+	for _, mode := range modes {
+		if cut, found := strings.CutPrefix(name, mode+"."); found {
+			return cut, mode
+		}
+	}
+	return name, ""
+}

internal/machine/docker/client_exec.go

@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+package docker
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+
+	"github.com/moby/term"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
+	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+)
+
+// ExecConfig contains options for executing a command in a container.
+type ExecConfig struct {
+	// Container ID to execute the command in.
+	ContainerID string
+	// Exec configuration.
+	Options api.ExecOptions
+}
+
+// sendResizeRequest sends a terminal resize request to the exec stream.
+func sendResizeRequest(stream pb.Docker_ExecContainerClient, size *term.Winsize) error {
+	slog.Debug("sending resize request", "width", size.Width, "height", size.Height)
+	return stream.Send(
+		&pb.ExecContainerRequest{
+			Payload: &pb.ExecContainerRequest_Resize{
+				Resize: &pb.ResizeEvent{
+					Height: uint32(size.Height),
+					Width:  uint32(size.Width),
+				},
+			},
+		})
+}
+
+// setupTerminal configures the terminal for interactive TTY sessions.
+// It checks if stdin is a terminal, sets it to raw mode, and sets up resize handling.
+// Returns a cleanup function to restore terminal state, or an error.
+func setupTerminal(ctx context.Context, stream pb.Docker_ExecContainerClient) (func(), error) {
+	inFd, isTerminal := term.GetFdInfo(os.Stdin)
+	if !isTerminal {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("stdin is not a terminal")
+	}
+
+	// Set terminal to raw mode
+	oldState, err := term.SetRawTerminal(inFd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("set raw terminal: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Cleanup function
+	restoreFunc := func() {
+		_ = term.RestoreTerminal(inFd, oldState)
+	}
+
+	// Set up resize handling
+	if err := handleTerminalResize(ctx, inFd, stream); err != nil {
+		restoreFunc()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return restoreFunc, nil
+}
+
+// handleTerminalResize sends initial window size and handles window resize signals for TTY sessions.
+func handleTerminalResize(ctx context.Context, inFd uintptr, stream pb.Docker_ExecContainerClient) error {
+	// Handle window resize signals
+	sigCh := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(sigCh, unix.SIGWINCH)
+
+	// Send initial window size
+	if size, err := term.GetWinsize(inFd); err == nil {
+		_ = sendResizeRequest(stream, size)
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		defer signal.Stop(sigCh)
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case <-sigCh:
+				size, err := term.GetWinsize(inFd)
+				if err != nil {
+					slog.Debug("get window size", "error", err)
+					continue
+				}
+				if err = sendResizeRequest(stream, size); err != nil {
+					slog.Debug("send resize request", "error", err)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// handleClientInputStream reads from stdin and sends data to the remote server.
+// It also periodically checks for context cancellation to exit gracefully when e.g.
+// the output stream is closed.
+func handleClientInputStream(ctx context.Context, stream pb.Docker_ExecContainerClient, stdin io.Reader) error {
+	slog.Debug("Input goroutine started")
+	defer slog.Debug("Input goroutine exited")
+
+	defer stream.CloseSend()
+
+	// Channel to receive stdin data
+	stdinCh := make(chan []byte)
+
+	stdinErrCh := make(chan error, 1)
+
+	// Read from stdin in a separate goroutine
+	// Note: this goroutine may continue blocking on Read even after we exit from the function,
+	// but that's OK - it will eventually unblock when data arrives or stdin closes.
+	go func() {
+		buf := make([]byte, 32*1024) // 32KB buffer
+		for {
+			n, err := stdin.Read(buf)
+			if n > 0 {
+				data := make([]byte, n)
+				copy(data, buf[:n])
+				select {
+				case stdinCh <- data:
+				case <-ctx.Done():
+					slog.Debug("stdin reader exiting due to context done")
+					return
+				}
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				if err == io.EOF {
+					slog.Debug("stdin reader: EOF received")
+				} else {
+					slog.Debug("stdin reader error", "error", err)
+				}
+				stdinErrCh <- err
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	// Send stdin data to the server or exit when context is cancelled
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil
+		case data := <-stdinCh:
+			if err := stream.Send(&pb.ExecContainerRequest{
+				Payload: &pb.ExecContainerRequest_Stdin{Stdin: data},
+			}); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("send stdin: %w", err)
+			}
+		case err := <-stdinErrCh:
+			if err != io.EOF {
+				return fmt.Errorf("read stdin: %w", err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// handleClientOutputStream receives output from the exec stream and writes to stdout/stderr.
+// It also captures the exit code and signals completion via context cancellation.
+func handleClientOutputStream(ctx context.Context, stream pb.Docker_ExecContainerClient, stdout, stderr io.Writer, exitCode *int) error {
+	slog.Debug("Output goroutine started")
+	defer slog.Debug("Output goroutine exited")
+
+	for {
+		resp, err := stream.Recv()
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			slog.Debug("output stream: EOF received")
+			return nil
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("receive from stream: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		switch payload := resp.Payload.(type) {
+		case *pb.ExecContainerResponse_ExecId:
+			// This is sent first; we already processed it earlier, so just ignore duplicates.
+		case *pb.ExecContainerResponse_Stdout:
+			if _, err := stdout.Write(payload.Stdout); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("write stdout: %w", err)
+			}
+		case *pb.ExecContainerResponse_Stderr:
+			if _, err := stderr.Write(payload.Stderr); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("write stderr: %w", err)
+			}
+		case *pb.ExecContainerResponse_ExitCode:
+			slog.Debug("received exit code", "code", payload.ExitCode)
+			*exitCode = int(payload.ExitCode)
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ExecContainer executes a command in a running container with bidirectional streaming.
+// TODO: This can be merged with pkg/client as it's an unnecessary logic split.
+func (c *Client) ExecContainer(ctx context.Context, opts ExecConfig) (exitCode int, err error) {
+	// Note: In non-interactive mode (without TTY), signals like SIGTERM/SIGINT will terminate the client
+	// process without being forwarded to the remote container process. We could catch and forward these
+	// signals (useful for long-running commands), but for example "kubectl exec" doesn't do this either (as of November 2025),
+	// so we keep it simple for now.
+
+	slog.Debug("starting ExecContainer", "containerID", opts.ContainerID, "options", opts.Options)
+
+	// Initialize exit code to non-zero in case we have to return early
+	exitCode = 1
+
+	// Set up I/O streams - use custom streams if provided, otherwise default to os.Stdin/Stdout/Stderr
+	stdin := io.Reader(os.Stdin)
+	stdout := io.Writer(os.Stdout)
+	stderr := io.Writer(os.Stderr)
+
+	if opts.Options.Stdin != nil {
+		stdin = opts.Options.Stdin
+	}
+	if opts.Options.Stdout != nil {
+		stdout = opts.Options.Stdout
+	}
+	if opts.Options.Stderr != nil {
+		stderr = opts.Options.Stderr
+	}
+
+	// Marshal the exec config
+	configBytes, err := json.Marshal(opts.Options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return -1, fmt.Errorf("marshal exec config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Create the bidirectional stream
+	stream, err := c.GRPCClient.ExecContainer(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return -1, fmt.Errorf("create exec stream: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Send the initial configuration
+	if err := stream.Send(&pb.ExecContainerRequest{
+		Payload: &pb.ExecContainerRequest_Config{
+			Config: &pb.ExecConfig{
+				ContainerId: opts.ContainerID,
+				Options:     configBytes,
+			},
+		},
+	}); err != nil {
+		return -1, fmt.Errorf("send exec config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Receive the exec ID
+	resp, err := stream.Recv()
+	if err != nil {
+		return -1, fmt.Errorf("receive exec ID: %w", err)
+	}
+	execID := resp.GetExecId()
+	if execID == "" {
+		return -1, fmt.Errorf("expected exec ID in first response")
+	}
+
+	errGroup, ctx := errgroup.WithContext(ctx)
+
+	// Create cancellable context for goroutine coordination
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	// Handle terminal setup for interactive sessions
+	if opts.Options.AttachStdin && opts.Options.Tty {
+		restoreTerminal, err := setupTerminal(ctx, stream)
+		if err != nil {
+			return -1, fmt.Errorf("setup terminal: %w", err)
+		}
+		if restoreTerminal != nil {
+			defer restoreTerminal()
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Handle stdin stream if needed
+	if opts.Options.AttachStdin {
+		errGroup.Go(func() error {
+			return handleClientInputStream(ctx, stream, stdin)
+		})
+	} else {
+		// Close send direction immediately if not attaching stdin
+		stream.CloseSend()
+	}
+
+	// Handle output streams (stdout/stderr)
+	errGroup.Go(func() error {
+		defer cancel()
+		return handleClientOutputStream(ctx, stream, stdout, stderr, &exitCode)
+	})
+
+	err = errGroup.Wait()
+
+	if err == nil && opts.Options.Detach {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	return exitCode, err
+}

internal/machine/docker/server.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 	dockercommand "github.com/docker/cli/cli/command"
 	dockerconfig "github.com/docker/cli/cli/config"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
@@ -30,7 +31,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/network"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/volume"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/stdcopy"
 	"github.com/docker/go-connections/nat"
+	"github.com/docker/go-units"
 	"github.com/google/go-containerregistry/pkg/authn"
 	"github.com/google/go-containerregistry/pkg/name"
 	"github.com/google/go-containerregistry/pkg/v1/remote"
@@ -45,6 +48,7 @@ import (
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
 )
 
 var fullDockerIDRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-f0-9]{64}$`)
@@ -563,6 +567,22 @@ func (s *Server) CreateServiceContainer(
 	if spec.Mode == "" {
 		config.Labels[api.LabelServiceMode] = api.ServiceModeReplicated
 	}
+	if hc := spec.Container.Healthcheck; hc != nil {
+		if hc.Disable {
+			config.Healthcheck = &container.HealthConfig{
+				Test: []string{"NONE"},
+			}
+		} else {
+			config.Healthcheck = &container.HealthConfig{
+				Test:          hc.Test,
+				Interval:      hc.Interval,
+				Timeout:       hc.Timeout,
+				StartPeriod:   hc.StartPeriod,
+				StartInterval: hc.StartInterval,
+				Retries:       int(hc.Retries),
+			}
+		}
+	}
 
 	// TODO: do not set the ports as container labels once migrated to retrieve them from the spec in DB.
 	var err error
@@ -602,6 +622,8 @@ func (s *Server) CreateServiceContainer(
 		}
 	}
 	hostConfig := &container.HostConfig{
+		CapAdd:       spec.Container.CapAdd,
+		CapDrop:      spec.Container.CapDrop,
 		Binds:        spec.Container.Volumes,
 		Init:         spec.Container.Init,
 		Mounts:       mounts,
@@ -611,12 +633,16 @@ func (s *Server) CreateServiceContainer(
 			NanoCPUs:          spec.Container.Resources.CPU,
 			Memory:            spec.Container.Resources.Memory,
 			MemoryReservation: spec.Container.Resources.MemoryReservation,
+			Devices:           toDockerDevices(spec.Container.Resources.Devices),
+			DeviceRequests:    spec.Container.Resources.DeviceReservations,
+			Ulimits:           toDockerUlimits(spec.Container.Resources.Ulimits),
 		},
 		// Restart service containers if they exit or a machine restarts unless they are explicitly stopped.
 		// For one-off containers and batch jobs we plan to use a different service type/mode.
 		RestartPolicy: container.RestartPolicy{
 			Name: container.RestartPolicyUnlessStopped,
 		},
+		Sysctls: spec.Container.Sysctls,
 	}
 
 	// Configure the container to use the internal DNS server if it's available.
@@ -797,14 +823,17 @@ func (s *Server) injectConfigs(ctx context.Context, containerID string, configs
 }
 
 // copyContentToContainer copies content directly to a file in the container using Docker's CopyToContainer API.
+// It will create any intermediate directories in the target path that don't exist.
 func (s *Server) copyContentToContainer(ctx context.Context, containerID string, content []byte, targetPath string, uid *uint64, gid *uint64, fileMode os.FileMode) error {
-	// Create a tar archive containing the file
 	var buf bytes.Buffer
 	tw := tar.NewWriter(&buf)
 
-	// Create tar header
+	// Trim leading slash(es) to avoid double slashes in the tar path
+	tarPath := strings.TrimPrefix(targetPath, "/")
+
+	// Create tar header with full path
 	header := &tar.Header{
-		Name:     filepath.Base(targetPath),
+		Name:     tarPath,
 		Size:     int64(len(content)),
 		Mode:     int64(fileMode),
 		ModTime:  time.Now(),
@@ -830,16 +859,12 @@ func (s *Server) copyContentToContainer(ctx context.Context, containerID string,
 		return fmt.Errorf("close tar writer: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Copy the tar archive to the container
-	targetDir := filepath.Dir(targetPath)
-	if targetDir == "." {
-		targetDir = "/"
-	}
-
+	// Always extract to root. The tar archive contains the full path, so tar will
+	// automatically create any intermediate directories that don't exist in the container.
 	if err := s.client.CopyToContainer(
 		ctx,
 		containerID,
-		targetDir,
+		"/",
 		&buf,
 		container.CopyToContainerOptions{CopyUIDGID: true},
 	); err != nil {
@@ -871,6 +896,40 @@ func toDockerBindOptions(opts *api.BindOptions) *mount.BindOptions {
 	return dockerOpts
 }
 
+func toDockerUlimits(ulimits map[string]api.Ulimit) []*units.Ulimit {
+	if len(ulimits) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	dockerUlimits := make([]*units.Ulimit, 0, len(ulimits))
+	for name, u := range ulimits {
+		dockerUlimits = append(dockerUlimits, &units.Ulimit{
+			Name: name,
+			Soft: u.Soft,
+			Hard: u.Hard,
+		})
+	}
+
+	return dockerUlimits
+}
+
+func toDockerDevices(devices []api.DeviceMapping) []container.DeviceMapping {
+	if len(devices) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	dockerDevices := make([]container.DeviceMapping, 0, len(devices))
+	for _, d := range devices {
+		dockerDevices = append(dockerDevices, container.DeviceMapping{
+			PathOnHost:        d.HostPath,
+			PathInContainer:   d.ContainerPath,
+			CgroupPermissions: d.CgroupPermissions,
+		})
+	}
+
+	return dockerDevices
+}
+
 // verifyDockerVolumesExist checks if the Docker named volumes referenced in the mounts exist on the machine.
 func (s *Server) verifyDockerVolumesExist(ctx context.Context, mounts []mount.Mount) error {
 	for _, m := range mounts {
@@ -1011,3 +1070,349 @@ func (s *Server) RemoveServiceContainer(ctx context.Context, req *pb.RemoveConta
 
 	return resp, nil
 }
+
+// logsHeartbeatInterval is the interval at which heartbeat entries are sent when there are no logs to stream.
+const logsHeartbeatInterval = 200 * time.Millisecond
+
+// ContainerLogs streams logs from a container.
+func (s *Server) ContainerLogs(
+	req *pb.ContainerLogsRequest, stream grpc.ServerStreamingServer[pb.ContainerLogEntry],
+) error {
+	// Stream context is cancelled when the client has disconnected or the stream has ended.
+	ctx := stream.Context()
+
+	opts := ContainerLogsOptions{
+		ContainerID: req.ContainerId,
+		Follow:      req.Follow,
+		Tail:        int(req.Tail),
+		Since:       req.Since,
+		Until:       req.Until,
+	}
+
+	logsCh, err := s.service.ContainerLogs(ctx, opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
+			return status.Error(codes.NotFound, err.Error())
+		}
+		return status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "get container logs: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	log := slog.With("container_id", req.ContainerId, "stream_id", fmt.Sprintf("%p", stream)[2:])
+	log.Debug("Starting container logs streaming.",
+		"follow", req.Follow, "tail", req.Tail, "since", req.Since, "until", req.Until)
+
+	// Heartbeats are needed only when following logs to let the client know when there are no new log entries
+	// to allow it to advance the watermark of last received log timestamp.
+	var heartbeatCh <-chan time.Time
+	if req.Follow {
+		heartbeatTicker := time.NewTicker(logsHeartbeatInterval)
+		defer heartbeatTicker.Stop()
+		heartbeatCh = heartbeatTicker.C
+	}
+
+	started := time.Now()
+	lastSent := time.Time{}
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case entry, ok := <-logsCh:
+			if !ok {
+				// Channel closed, no more log entries.
+				return nil
+			}
+
+			if entry.Err != nil {
+				return status.Error(codes.Internal, entry.Err.Error())
+			}
+
+			pbEntry := &pb.ContainerLogEntry{
+				Stream:    api.LogStreamTypeToProto(entry.Stream),
+				Timestamp: timestamppb.New(entry.Timestamp),
+				Message:   entry.Message,
+			}
+			if err = stream.Send(pbEntry); err != nil {
+				return status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "send log entry: %v", err)
+			}
+			lastSent = entry.Timestamp
+
+		case now := <-heartbeatCh:
+			// Only send heartbeat if no log entries have been sent since the last heartbeat interval or
+			// if no log entries have been sent at all for at least a heartbeat interval since starting.
+			if now.Sub(lastSent) < logsHeartbeatInterval ||
+				(lastSent.IsZero() && now.Sub(started) < logsHeartbeatInterval) {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// Use the timestamp one heartbeat in the past to be conservative. This reduces the chance of sending
+			// a timestamp that is greater than a log entry currently being parsed but not yet sent, which would
+			// cause the client to incorrectly believe it has received all logs up to that point.
+			heartbeat := &pb.ContainerLogEntry{
+				Stream:    pb.ContainerLogEntry_HEARTBEAT,
+				Timestamp: timestamppb.New(now.Add(-logsHeartbeatInterval)),
+			}
+			if err = stream.Send(heartbeat); err != nil {
+				return status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "send log stream heartbeat: %v", err)
+			}
+			lastSent = heartbeat.Timestamp.AsTime()
+			log.Debug("Sent log stream heartbeat.", "timestamp", lastSent)
+
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return status.Error(codes.Canceled, ctx.Err().Error())
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// receiveExecConfig receives and validates the initial exec configuration from the stream.
+func (s *Server) receiveExecConfig(stream pb.Docker_ExecContainerServer) (*pb.ExecConfig, api.ExecOptions, error) {
+	req, err := stream.Recv()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, api.ExecOptions{}, status.Errorf(codes.InvalidArgument, "receive config: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	execConfig := req.GetConfig()
+	if execConfig == nil {
+		return nil, api.ExecOptions{}, status.Error(codes.InvalidArgument, "first message must contain exec config")
+	}
+
+	// Unmarshal the Uncloud's execOpts
+	var execOpts api.ExecOptions
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(execConfig.Options, &execOpts); err != nil {
+		return nil, api.ExecOptions{}, status.Errorf(codes.InvalidArgument, "unmarshal exec config: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return execConfig, execOpts, nil
+}
+
+// handleServerExecInput reads from the gRPC stream and writes to Docker stdin, handling resize requests.
+func (s *Server) handleServerExecInput(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	stream pb.Docker_ExecContainerServer,
+	attachConn types.HijackedResponse,
+	execID string,
+	tty bool,
+) error {
+	slog.Debug("Input goroutine started", "exec_id", execID, "tty", tty)
+	defer slog.Debug("Input goroutine exited", "exec_id", execID)
+
+	defer attachConn.CloseWrite()
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			slog.Debug("Input goroutine context canceled via context", "exec_id", execID)
+			return nil
+		default:
+		}
+
+		req, err := stream.Recv()
+		switch {
+		case errors.Is(err, io.EOF):
+			slog.Debug("Input goroutine received EOF", "exec_id", execID)
+			return nil
+		case status.Code(err) == codes.Canceled:
+			// Can be the case when the output goroutine ends and the stream context is canceled.
+			slog.Debug("Input goroutine context canceled", "exec_id", execID)
+			return nil
+		case err == nil:
+			// continue processing
+		default:
+			return fmt.Errorf("receive from stream: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		switch payload := req.Payload.(type) {
+		case *pb.ExecContainerRequest_Stdin:
+			if _, err := attachConn.Conn.Write(payload.Stdin); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("write to stdin: %w", err)
+			}
+		case *pb.ExecContainerRequest_Resize:
+			if tty {
+				resizeOpts := container.ResizeOptions{
+					Height: uint(payload.Resize.Height),
+					Width:  uint(payload.Resize.Width),
+				}
+				if err := s.client.ContainerExecResize(ctx, execID, resizeOpts); err != nil {
+					slog.Warn("Failed to resize TTY", "err", err, "exec_id", execID)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// handleServerExecOutput reads from Docker stdout/stderr and writes to the gRPC stream.
+func (s *Server) handleServerExecOutput(
+	stream pb.Docker_ExecContainerServer,
+	attachResp types.HijackedResponse,
+	execID string,
+	tty bool,
+) error {
+	slog.Debug("Output goroutine started", "exec_id", execID, "tty", tty)
+	defer slog.Debug("Output goroutine exited", "exec_id", execID)
+
+	if tty {
+		// In TTY mode, all output is stdout - copy directly to stream
+		stdoutWriter := &grpcStreamWriter{stream: stream, isStderr: false}
+		_, err := io.Copy(stdoutWriter, attachResp.Reader)
+		if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
+			return fmt.Errorf("copy tty output: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	} else {
+		// In non-TTY mode, Docker multiplexes stdout/stderr with headers
+		// Use stdcopy to demultiplex
+		slog.Debug("Starting StdCopy for non-TTY", "exec_id", execID)
+		stdoutWriter := &grpcStreamWriter{stream: stream, isStderr: false}
+		stderrWriter := &grpcStreamWriter{stream: stream, isStderr: true}
+
+		written, err := stdcopy.StdCopy(stdoutWriter, stderrWriter, attachResp.Reader)
+		slog.Debug("StdCopy completed", "exec_id", execID, "bytes", written, "err", err)
+		if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
+			return fmt.Errorf("demultiplex docker output: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// grpcStreamWriter is a writer that sends data to a gRPC stream as stdout or stderr.
+type grpcStreamWriter struct {
+	stream   pb.Docker_ExecContainerServer
+	isStderr bool
+}
+
+func (w *grpcStreamWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	data := make([]byte, len(p))
+	copy(data, p)
+
+	var resp *pb.ExecContainerResponse
+	if w.isStderr {
+		resp = &pb.ExecContainerResponse{
+			Payload: &pb.ExecContainerResponse_Stderr{Stderr: data},
+		}
+	} else {
+		resp = &pb.ExecContainerResponse{
+			Payload: &pb.ExecContainerResponse_Stdout{Stdout: data},
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := w.stream.Send(resp); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return len(p), nil
+}
+
+// ExecContainer executes a command in a running container with bidirectional streaming for stdin/stdout/stderr.
+func (s *Server) ExecContainer(stream pb.Docker_ExecContainerServer) error {
+	slog.Debug("ExecContainer server-side called")
+	defer slog.Debug("ExecContainer server-side ended")
+
+	ctx := stream.Context()
+
+	// Receive and validate configuration
+	execConfig, execOpts, err := s.receiveExecConfig(stream)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Convert to Docker's ExecOptions
+	dockerExecOpts := container.ExecOptions{
+		Cmd:          execOpts.Command,
+		AttachStdin:  execOpts.AttachStdin,
+		AttachStdout: execOpts.AttachStdout,
+		AttachStderr: execOpts.AttachStderr,
+		Tty:          execOpts.Tty,
+		User:         execOpts.User,
+		Privileged:   execOpts.Privileged,
+		WorkingDir:   execOpts.WorkingDir,
+		Env:          execOpts.Env,
+	}
+
+	// Create the exec instance
+	execResp, err := s.client.ContainerExecCreate(ctx, execConfig.ContainerId, dockerExecOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
+			return status.Error(codes.NotFound, err.Error())
+		}
+		return status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "create exec: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Send the exec ID back to the client
+	if err := stream.Send(&pb.ExecContainerResponse{
+		Payload: &pb.ExecContainerResponse_ExecId{ExecId: execResp.ID},
+	}); err != nil {
+		return status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "send exec ID: %v", err)
+	}
+	slog.Debug("Sent exec ID to the client", "exec_id", execResp.ID)
+
+	// For detached mode, start without attaching
+	if execOpts.Detach {
+		dockerStartOpts := container.ExecStartOptions{
+			Tty:    dockerExecOpts.Tty,
+			Detach: true,
+		}
+		if err := s.client.ContainerExecStart(ctx, execResp.ID, dockerStartOpts); err != nil {
+			return status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "start exec: %v", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// For attached mode, attach to the exec instance
+	attachOpts := container.ExecAttachOptions{
+		Tty: dockerExecOpts.Tty,
+	}
+	attachConn, err := s.client.ContainerExecAttach(ctx, execResp.ID, attachOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "attach to exec: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer attachConn.Close()
+
+	// Create a cancelable context for the input handler
+	handlerCtx, cancelInput := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	defer cancelInput()
+
+	// Create a channel to wait for output completion
+	outputDone := make(chan error, 1)
+
+	// Start stdin handler if stdin is attached
+	if dockerExecOpts.AttachStdin {
+		go func() {
+			err := s.handleServerExecInput(handlerCtx, stream, attachConn, execResp.ID, dockerExecOpts.Tty)
+			if err != nil {
+				slog.Warn("Error in exec input handler", "err", err, "exec_id", execResp.ID)
+			}
+		}()
+	} else {
+		// If not attaching stdin, close the write side immediately
+		attachConn.CloseWrite()
+	}
+
+	// Start output handler
+	// We only wait for this goroutine to complete - it signals when the exec process finishes
+	go func() {
+		outputDone <- s.handleServerExecOutput(stream, attachConn, execResp.ID, dockerExecOpts.Tty)
+	}()
+
+	// Wait for the output goroutine to complete (it signals when done)
+	// We only wait for the output handler goroutine, not for the stdin one.
+	if err := <-outputDone; err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("Error in exec output handler", "err", err, "exec_id", execResp.ID)
+	}
+	// Do a best-effort cancellation of the stdin handler.
+	// We can't guarantee immediate exit because it may be blocked on stream.Recv(), but at
+	// least we want to send a cancel signal explicitly.
+	cancelInput()
+
+	inspectResp, err := s.client.ContainerExecInspect(ctx, execResp.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Error("Failed to inspect exec after completion", "err", err, "exec_id", execResp.ID)
+		return status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "inspect exec: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Send the exit code
+	slog.Debug("Sending exec exit code", "exec_id", execResp.ID, "exit_code", inspectResp.ExitCode)
+	if err := stream.Send(&pb.ExecContainerResponse{
+		Payload: &pb.ExecContainerResponse_ExitCode{ExitCode: int32(inspectResp.ExitCode)},
+	}); err != nil {
+		slog.Error("Failed to send exec exit code", "err", err, "exec_id", execResp.ID)
+		return status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "send exit code: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

internal/machine/docker/service.go

@@ -1,18 +1,22 @@
 package docker
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/stdcopy"
 	"github.com/jmoiron/sqlx"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
@@ -150,3 +154,104 @@ func (s *Service) ListImages(ctx context.Context, opts image.ListOptions) (Image
 
 	return imagesResp, nil
 }
+
+// ContainerLogsOptions specifies parameters for ContainerLogs.
+type ContainerLogsOptions struct {
+	ContainerID string
+	Follow      bool
+	Tail        int
+	Since       string
+	Until       string
+}
+
+// ContainerLogs streams logs from a container and returns demultiplexed entries via a channel.
+// The channel is closed when streaming completes or context is cancelled.
+func (s *Service) ContainerLogs(ctx context.Context, opts ContainerLogsOptions) (<-chan api.ContainerLogEntry, error) {
+	dockerOpts := container.LogsOptions{
+		ShowStdout: true,
+		ShowStderr: true,
+		Follow:     opts.Follow,
+		Tail:       strconv.FormatInt(int64(opts.Tail), 10),
+		Since:      opts.Since,
+		Until:      opts.Until,
+		Timestamps: true,
+	}
+
+	reader, err := s.Client.ContainerLogs(ctx, opts.ContainerID, dockerOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	outCh := make(chan api.ContainerLogEntry)
+	stdoutWriter := &logsChannelWriter{ctx: ctx, ch: outCh, isStderr: false}
+	stderrWriter := &logsChannelWriter{ctx: ctx, ch: outCh, isStderr: true}
+
+	// Wrap the context in a cancellable one to unblock the second goroutine below when StdCopy completes.
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+
+	// Run StdCopy in a goroutine to be able to handle context cancellation.
+	go func() {
+		defer close(outCh)
+		defer cancel()
+
+		// StdCopy is blocking and will return when the reader is closed in another goroutine below or on error.
+		if _, err := stdcopy.StdCopy(stdoutWriter, stderrWriter, reader); err != nil {
+			// Send error as the last entry.
+			select {
+			case outCh <- api.ContainerLogEntry{Err: fmt.Errorf("demultiplex container logs: %w", err)}:
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	// Close the reader when the context is done to cancel StdCopy if it's still running.
+	go func() {
+		<-ctx.Done()
+		reader.Close()
+	}()
+
+	return outCh, nil
+}
+
+// logsChannelWriter is a writer for stdcopy.StdCopy that sends demultiplexed container logs to a channel.
+type logsChannelWriter struct {
+	ctx      context.Context
+	ch       chan<- api.ContainerLogEntry
+	isStderr bool
+}
+
+func (w *logsChannelWriter) Write(data []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	// Parse timestamp and message from the demultiplexed Docker log payload if the data looks like it contains one.
+	// Format: 2025-01-01T00:00:00.000000000Z message
+	timestamp := time.Time{}
+	message := data
+	if len(data) > 30 && data[4] == '-' && data[7] == '-' && data[10] == 'T' {
+		timestampPart, messagePart, found := bytes.Cut(data, []byte(" "))
+		if found {
+			timestamp, err = time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, string(timestampPart))
+			if err != nil {
+				timestamp = time.Time{}
+			}
+			message = messagePart
+		}
+	}
+
+	entry := api.ContainerLogEntry{
+		Timestamp: timestamp,
+		// Clone is required because message is a slice into data, which stdcopy.StdCopy may reuse
+		// after Write returns but before the entry is consumed from the channel.
+		Message: bytes.Clone(message),
+	}
+	if w.isStderr {
+		entry.Stream = api.LogStreamStderr
+	} else {
+		entry.Stream = api.LogStreamStdout
+	}
+
+	select {
+	case w.ch <- entry:
+		return len(data), nil
+	case <-w.ctx.Done():
+		return 0, w.ctx.Err()
+	}
+}

internal/machine/machine.go

@@ -33,10 +33,12 @@ import (
 	"github.com/psviderski/unregistry"
 	"github.com/siderolabs/grpc-proxy/proxy"
 	"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -174,10 +176,13 @@ type Machine struct {
 	state  *State
 	// started is closed when the machine is ready to serve requests on the local API server.
 	started chan struct{}
-	// initialised is signalled when the machine is configured as a member of a cluster.
+	// initialised is closed when the machine is configured as a member of a cluster.
 	initialised chan struct{}
-	// networkReady is signalled when the Docker network is configured and ready for containers.
+	// networkReady is closed when the Docker network is configured and ready for containers.
 	networkReady chan struct{}
+	// clusterReady is closed when the cluster controller has finished starting all components
+	// and the machine is ready to serve cluster requests.
+	clusterReady chan struct{}
 	// resetting is true when the machine is being reset.
 	resetting bool
 	// stop cancels the Run method context to stop the machine gracefully.
@@ -246,7 +251,10 @@ func NewMachine(config *Config) (*Machine, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create corrosion admin client: %w", err)
 	}
-	c := cluster.NewCluster(corroStore, corroAdmin)
+
+	initialised := make(chan struct{})
+	clusterReady := make(chan struct{})
+	c := cluster.NewCluster(corroStore, corroAdmin, initialised, clusterReady)
 
 	// Init dependencies for a gRPC Docker server that proxies requests to the local Docker daemon.
 	dbFilePath := filepath.Join(config.DataDir, DBFileName)
@@ -269,8 +277,9 @@ func NewMachine(config *Config) (*Machine, error) {
 		config:           *config,
 		state:            state,
 		started:          make(chan struct{}),
-		initialised:      make(chan struct{}, 1),
+		initialised:      initialised,
 		networkReady:     make(chan struct{}),
+		clusterReady:     clusterReady,
 		store:            corroStore,
 		cluster:          c,
 		dockerService:    dockerService,
@@ -294,7 +303,7 @@ func NewMachine(config *Config) (*Machine, error) {
 	m.localMachineServer = newGRPCServer(m, c, m.dockerServer, caddyServer)
 
 	if m.Initialised() {
-		m.initialised <- struct{}{}
+		close(m.initialised)
 	}
 
 	return m, nil
@@ -430,7 +439,12 @@ func (m *Machine) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
 			}
 
 			dnsResolver := dns.NewClusterResolver(m.store)
-			dnsServer, err := dns.NewServer(m.IP(), dnsResolver, m.config.DNSUpstreams)
+			dnsServer, err := dns.NewServer(
+				m.IP(),
+				m.state.Network.Subnet,
+				dnsResolver,
+				m.config.DNSUpstreams,
+			)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("create embedded DNS server: %w", err)
 			}
@@ -470,6 +484,7 @@ func (m *Machine) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
 				m.config.CorrosionService,
 				m.dockerService,
 				m.networkReady,
+				m.clusterReady,
 				caddyconfigCtrl,
 				dnsServer,
 				dnsResolver,
@@ -686,20 +701,29 @@ func (m *Machine) InitCluster(ctx context.Context, req *pb.InitClusterRequest) (
 			return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "generate machine name: %v", err)
 		}
 	}
-	// Use the public and all routable IPs as endpoints.
-	ips, err := network.ListRoutableIPs()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "list routable IPs: %v", err)
-	}
+
+	// Use explicitly provided WireGuard endpoints, or use the routable IPs on the machine and its public IP
+	// if not provided. The IPs are auto-detected.
+	var endpoints []*pb.IPPort
 	publicIP, pubIPErr := network.GetPublicIP()
-	// Ignore the error if failed to get the public IP using API services.
-	if pubIPErr == nil && !slices.Contains(ips, publicIP) {
-		ips = append(ips, publicIP)
-	}
-	endpoints := make([]*pb.IPPort, len(ips))
-	for i, addr := range ips {
-		addrPort := netip.AddrPortFrom(addr, network.WireGuardPort)
-		endpoints[i] = pb.NewIPPort(addrPort)
+
+	if len(req.WireguardEndpoints) > 0 {
+		endpoints = req.WireguardEndpoints
+	} else {
+		ips, err := network.ListRoutableIPs()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "list routable IPs: %v", err)
+		}
+		// Ignore the error if failed to get the public IP using API services.
+		if pubIPErr == nil && !slices.Contains(ips, publicIP) {
+			ips = append(ips, publicIP)
+		}
+
+		endpoints = make([]*pb.IPPort, len(ips))
+		for i, addr := range ips {
+			addrPort := netip.AddrPortFrom(addr, network.WireGuardPort)
+			endpoints[i] = pb.NewIPPort(addrPort)
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Register the new machine in the cluster to populate the state and get its ID and subnet.
@@ -717,7 +741,7 @@ func (m *Machine) InitCluster(ctx context.Context, req *pb.InitClusterRequest) (
 		addReq.PublicIp = pb.NewIP(publicIP)
 	}
 
-	addResp, err := m.cluster.AddMachine(ctx, addReq)
+	addResp, err := m.cluster.AddMachineWithoutReadyCheck(ctx, addReq)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "add machine to cluster: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -744,7 +768,7 @@ func (m *Machine) InitCluster(ctx context.Context, req *pb.InitClusterRequest) (
 	}
 	slog.Info("Cluster initialised with machine.", "id", m.state.ID, "machine", m.state.Name)
 	// Signal that the machine is initialised as a member of a cluster.
-	m.initialised <- struct{}{}
+	close(m.initialised)
 
 	resp := &pb.InitClusterResponse{
 		Machine: addResp.Machine,
@@ -787,6 +811,7 @@ func (m *Machine) JoinCluster(_ context.Context, req *pb.JoinClusterRequest) (*e
 		PrivateKey:   m.state.Network.PrivateKey,
 		PublicKey:    m.state.Network.PublicKey,
 	}
+	m.state.MinStoreDBVersion = req.MinStoreDbVersion
 
 	// Build a peers config from other cluster machines.
 	m.state.Network.Peers = make([]network.PeerConfig, 0, len(req.OtherMachines))
@@ -816,9 +841,16 @@ func (m *Machine) JoinCluster(_ context.Context, req *pb.JoinClusterRequest) (*e
 	if err := m.state.Save(); err != nil {
 		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "save machine state: %v", err)
 	}
-	slog.Info("Machine configured to join the cluster.", "id", m.state.ID, "name", m.state.Name)
+	slog.Info(
+		"Machine configured to join the cluster.",
+		"id", m.state.ID,
+		"name", m.state.Name,
+		"subnet", m.state.Network.Subnet.String(),
+		"management_ip", m.state.Network.ManagementIP.String(),
+		"peers", len(m.state.Network.Peers),
+	)
 	// Signal that the machine is initialised as a member of a cluster.
-	m.initialised <- struct{}{}
+	close(m.initialised)
 
 	return &emptypb.Empty{}, nil
 }
@@ -852,6 +884,7 @@ func (m *Machine) Token(_ context.Context, _ *emptypb.Empty) (*pb.TokenResponse,
 	return &pb.TokenResponse{Token: tokenStr}, nil
 }
 
+// Deprecated: use InspectMachine instead.
 func (m *Machine) Inspect(_ context.Context, _ *emptypb.Empty) (*pb.MachineInfo, error) {
 	return &pb.MachineInfo{
 		Id:   m.state.ID,
@@ -864,6 +897,31 @@ func (m *Machine) Inspect(_ context.Context, _ *emptypb.Empty) (*pb.MachineInfo,
 	}, nil
 }
 
+func (m *Machine) InspectMachine(ctx context.Context, _ *emptypb.Empty) (*pb.InspectMachineResponse, error) {
+	dbVersion, err := m.store.DBVersion(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "get database version of the cluster store: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return &pb.InspectMachineResponse{
+		Machines: []*pb.MachineDetails{
+			{
+				// Metadata is injected by the gRPC proxy.
+				Machine: &pb.MachineInfo{
+					Id:   m.state.ID,
+					Name: m.state.Name,
+					Network: &pb.NetworkConfig{
+						Subnet:       pb.NewIPPrefix(m.state.Network.Subnet),
+						ManagementIp: pb.NewIP(m.state.Network.ManagementIP),
+						PublicKey:    m.state.Network.PublicKey,
+					},
+				},
+				StoreDbVersion: dbVersion,
+			},
+		},
+	}, nil
+}
+
 // IsNetworkReady returns true if the Docker network is ready for containers.
 func (m *Machine) IsNetworkReady() bool {
 	if !m.Initialised() {
@@ -897,6 +955,58 @@ func (m *Machine) WaitForNetworkReady(ctx context.Context) error {
 	}
 }
 
+// InspectWireGuardNetwork retrieves the current WireGuard network configuration and peer status.
+func (m *Machine) InspectWireGuardNetwork(
+	_ context.Context, _ *emptypb.Empty,
+) (*pb.InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse, error) {
+	deviceName := network.WireGuardInterfaceName
+
+	wg, err := wgctrl.New()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create WireGuard client: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer wg.Close()
+
+	dev, err := wg.Device(deviceName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get WireGuard device '%s': %w", deviceName, err)
+	}
+
+	peers := make([]*pb.WireGuardPeer, len(dev.Peers))
+	for i, p := range dev.Peers {
+		var lastHandshake *timestamppb.Timestamp
+		if !p.LastHandshakeTime.IsZero() {
+			lastHandshake = timestamppb.New(p.LastHandshakeTime)
+		}
+
+		allowedIPs := make([]string, len(p.AllowedIPs))
+		for j, ip := range p.AllowedIPs {
+			allowedIPs[j] = ip.String()
+		}
+
+		var endpoint string
+		if p.Endpoint != nil {
+			endpoint = p.Endpoint.String()
+		}
+
+		peers[i] = &pb.WireGuardPeer{
+			PublicKey:         p.PublicKey[:],
+			Endpoint:          endpoint,
+			LastHandshakeTime: lastHandshake,
+			ReceiveBytes:      p.ReceiveBytes,
+			TransmitBytes:     p.TransmitBytes,
+			AllowedIps:        allowedIPs,
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &pb.InspectWireGuardNetworkResponse{
+		InterfaceName: dev.Name,
+		PublicKey:     dev.PublicKey[:],
+		ListenPort:    int32(dev.ListenPort),
+		Peers:         peers,
+	}, nil
+}
+
 // Reset restores the machine to a clean state, scheduling a graceful shutdown and removing all cluster-related
 // configuration and resource. The uncloud daemon will restart the machine if managed by systemd.
 func (m *Machine) Reset(_ context.Context, _ *pb.ResetRequest) (*emptypb.Empty, error) {

internal/machine/network/address.go

@@ -31,6 +31,12 @@ func ListRoutableIPs() ([]netip.Addr, error) {
 			// Skip Docker bridge interfaces.
 			continue
 		}
+		if iface.Name == "tailscale0" {
+			// Skip Tailscale interface as we don't want double-tunneling. Also, MTU=1280 on tailscale0 is too small
+			// for tunneling IPv6 used for uncloud management traffic.
+			// See Discord thread: https://discord.com/channels/1371726032104587335/1477823130670993408
+			continue
+		}
 
 		if iface.Flags&net.FlagUp == 0 || iface.Flags&net.FlagRunning == 0 || iface.Flags&net.FlagLoopback != 0 {
 			// Skip interfaces:

internal/machine/network/wireguard_linux.go

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func (n *WireGuardNetwork) Configure(config Config) error {
 	if err := n.configureDevice(config); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	slog.Info("Configured WireGuard interface.", "name", n.link.Attrs().Name)
+	slog.Info("Configured WireGuard interface.", "name", n.link.Attrs().Name, "peers", len(n.peers))
 
 	managementPrefix, err := addrToSingleIPPrefix(config.ManagementIP)
 	if err != nil {

internal/machine/state.go

@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ type State struct {
 	Name string
 	// Network specifies the network configuration for this machine.
 	Network *network.Config
+	// MinStoreDBVersion is the latest database version of one of the existing cluster machines at the time this machine
+	// joined the cluster. The machine should sync to at least this version before starting any cluster operations.
+	MinStoreDBVersion int64 `json:",omitempty"`
 
 	// path is the file path config is read from and saved to.
 	path string
@@ -66,7 +69,7 @@ func (c *State) Encode() ([]byte, error) {
 	return data, nil
 }
 
-// Save writes the state data to the file at the given path.
+// Save atomically writes the state data to the file at the configured path.
 func (c *State) Save() error {
 	if c.path == "" {
 		return fmt.Errorf("state path not set")
@@ -80,5 +83,37 @@ func (c *State) Save() error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	return os.WriteFile(c.path, data, 0o600)
+
+	// Write to a temporary file and rename for atomic save. CreateTemp creates a file with mode 0o600.
+	tmpFile, err := os.CreateTemp(dir, ".machine.json.*")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create temp file: %w", err)
+	}
+	tmpPath := tmpFile.Name()
+
+	// Clean up temp file on error.
+	defer func() {
+		if err != nil {
+			os.Remove(tmpPath)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	if _, err = tmpFile.Write(data); err != nil {
+		tmpFile.Close()
+		return fmt.Errorf("write temp file: %w", err)
+	}
+	// Without fsync, the data may only be in the OS buffer cache. If the system crashes before the OS flushes
+	// it to disk, the file could be empty or corrupted even after rename.
+	if err = tmpFile.Sync(); err != nil {
+		tmpFile.Close()
+		return fmt.Errorf("sync temp file: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err = tmpFile.Close(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("close temp file: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err = os.Rename(tmpPath, c.path); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("rename temp file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }

internal/machine/store/container.go

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func (s *Store) CreateOrUpdateContainer(ctx context.Context, ctr api.ServiceCont
 
 // ListContainers returns a list of container records from the store database that match the given options.
 func (s *Store) ListContainers(ctx context.Context, opts ListOptions) ([]ContainerRecord, error) {
-	q := sq.Select("container", "machine_id", "sync_status", "updated_at").From("containers").
+	q := sq.Select("id", "container", "machine_id", "sync_status", "updated_at").From("containers").
 		Where(sq.Eq{"sync_status": SyncStatusSynced})
 
 	if len(opts.MachineIDs) > 0 {
@@ -112,14 +112,23 @@ func (s *Store) ListContainers(ctx context.Context, opts ListOptions) ([]Contain
 	defer rows.Close()
 
 	var containers []ContainerRecord
-	var cJSON, machineID, syncStatus, updatedAtStr string
+	var id, cJSON, machineID, syncStatus, updatedAtStr string
 	var updatedAt time.Time
+	skipped := 0
 
 	for rows.Next() {
-		if err = rows.Scan(&cJSON, &machineID, &syncStatus, &updatedAtStr); err != nil {
+		if err = rows.Scan(&id, &cJSON, &machineID, &syncStatus, &updatedAtStr); err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("scan container record: %w", err)
 		}
 
+		// Skip containers with empty JSON data. This can happen during partial replication
+		// when cr-sqlite has created the row but the container column hasn't been synced yet.
+		if cJSON == "" || cJSON == "{}" {
+			slog.Debug("Skipping container with empty data in the store (partial replication?).", "id", id)
+			skipped++
+			continue
+		}
+
 		var c api.ServiceContainer
 		if err = json.Unmarshal([]byte(cJSON), &c); err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unmarshal container: %w", err)
@@ -135,6 +144,11 @@ func (s *Store) ListContainers(ctx context.Context, opts ListOptions) ([]Contain
 		})
 	}
 
+	if skipped > 0 {
+		slog.Warn("Listing containers from the store skipped empty records (possibly due to partial replication).",
+			"skipped", skipped, "valid", len(containers))
+	}
+
 	return containers, nil
 }
 
@@ -166,7 +180,7 @@ func (s *Store) DeleteContainers(ctx context.Context, opts DeleteOptions) error
 // receive any values, it just signals when a container(s) has been added, updated, or deleted in the database.
 func (s *Store) SubscribeContainers(ctx context.Context) ([]ContainerRecord, <-chan struct{}, error) {
 	// TODO: figure out whether we need sync_status at all (not used at the moment).
-	q := sq.Select("container", "machine_id", "sync_status", "updated_at").From("containers").
+	q := sq.Select("id", "container", "machine_id", "sync_status", "updated_at").From("containers").
 		Where(sq.Eq{"sync_status": SyncStatusSynced})
 	query, args, err := q.ToSql()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -179,15 +193,24 @@ func (s *Store) SubscribeContainers(ctx context.Context) ([]ContainerRecord, <-c
 	}
 
 	var containers []ContainerRecord
-	var cJSON, updatedAtStr string
+	var id, cJSON, updatedAtStr string
+	skipped := 0
 
 	rows := sub.Rows()
 	for rows.Next() {
 		var cr ContainerRecord
-		if err = rows.Scan(&cJSON, &cr.MachineID, &cr.SyncStatus, &updatedAtStr); err != nil {
+		if err = rows.Scan(&id, &cJSON, &cr.MachineID, &cr.SyncStatus, &updatedAtStr); err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
 
+		// Skip containers with empty JSON data. This can happen during partial replication
+		// when cr-sqlite has created the row but the container column hasn't been synced yet.
+		if cJSON == "" || cJSON == "{}" {
+			slog.Debug("Skipping container with empty data in the store (partial replication?).", "id", id)
+			skipped++
+			continue
+		}
+
 		if err = json.Unmarshal([]byte(cJSON), &cr.Container); err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("unmarshal container: %w", err)
 		}
@@ -196,6 +219,12 @@ func (s *Store) SubscribeContainers(ctx context.Context) ([]ContainerRecord, <-c
 		}
 		containers = append(containers, cr)
 	}
+
+	if skipped > 0 {
+		slog.Warn("Container subscription skipped empty records in the store (possibly due to partial replication).",
+			"skipped", skipped, "valid", len(containers))
+	}
+
 	events, err := sub.Changes()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("get subscription changes: %w", err)

internal/machine/store/store.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package store
 import (
 	"context"
 	_ "embed"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
@@ -56,6 +57,54 @@ func (s *Store) Delete(ctx context.Context, key string) error {
 	return err
 }
 
+// DBVersion returns the current cr-sqlite database version (Lamport timestamp).
+func (s *Store) DBVersion(ctx context.Context) (int64, error) {
+	rows, err := s.corro.QueryContext(ctx, "SELECT crsql_db_version()")
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("query crsql_db_version(): %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	if !rows.Next() {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("no result from crsql_db_version()")
+	}
+
+	var version int64
+	if err = rows.Scan(&version); err != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("scan db version: %w", err)
+	}
+	return version, nil
+}
+
+type MissingChange struct {
+	ActorID      string
+	StartVersion int64
+	EndVersion   int64
+}
+
+// KnownMissingChanges returns a list of currently known missing changes in the Corrosion database.
+func (s *Store) KnownMissingChanges(ctx context.Context) ([]MissingChange, error) {
+	rows, err := s.corro.QueryContext(ctx, "SELECT actor_id, start, end FROM __corro_bookkeeping_gaps")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query missing changes: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	var changes []MissingChange
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var c MissingChange
+		var actorBytes []byte
+		if err = rows.Scan(&actorBytes, &c.StartVersion, &c.EndVersion); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("scan missing change: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		c.ActorID = hex.EncodeToString(actorBytes)
+		changes = append(changes, c)
+	}
+
+	return changes, nil
+}
+
 func (s *Store) CreateMachine(ctx context.Context, m *pb.MachineInfo) error {
 	mJSON, err := protojson.Marshal(m)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -116,19 +165,29 @@ func (s *Store) GetMachine(ctx context.Context, machineID string) (*pb.MachineIn
 }
 
 func (s *Store) ListMachines(ctx context.Context) ([]*pb.MachineInfo, error) {
-	rows, err := s.corro.QueryContext(ctx, "SELECT info FROM machines ORDER BY name")
+	rows, err := s.corro.QueryContext(ctx, "SELECT id, info FROM machines ORDER BY name")
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer rows.Close()
 
 	var machines []*pb.MachineInfo
+	skipped := 0
+
 	for rows.Next() {
-		var mJSON string
-		if err = rows.Scan(&mJSON); err != nil {
+		var id, mJSON string
+		if err = rows.Scan(&id, &mJSON); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 
+		// Skip machines with empty JSON data. This can happen during partial replication
+		// when cr-sqlite has created the row but the info column hasn't been synced yet.
+		if mJSON == "" || mJSON == "{}" {
+			slog.Debug("Skipping machine with empty data in the store (partial replication?).", "id", id)
+			skipped++
+			continue
+		}
+
 		protojsonParser := protojson.UnmarshalOptions{DiscardUnknown: true}
 		var m pb.MachineInfo
 		if err = protojsonParser.Unmarshal([]byte(mJSON), &m); err != nil {
@@ -141,6 +200,12 @@ func (s *Store) ListMachines(ctx context.Context) ([]*pb.MachineInfo, error) {
 		}
 		machines = append(machines, &m)
 	}
+
+	if skipped > 0 {
+		slog.Warn("Listing machines from the store skipped empty records (possibly due to partial replication).",
+			"skipped", skipped, "valid", len(machines))
+	}
+
 	return machines, nil
 }
 
@@ -186,24 +251,41 @@ func (s *Store) DeleteMachine(ctx context.Context, id string) error {
 // SubscribeMachines returns a list of machines and a channel that signals changes to the list. The channel doesn't
 // receive any values, it just signals when a machine has been added, updated, or deleted in the database.
 func (s *Store) SubscribeMachines(ctx context.Context) ([]*pb.MachineInfo, <-chan struct{}, error) {
-	sub, err := s.corro.SubscribeContext(ctx, "SELECT info FROM machines ORDER BY name", nil, false)
+	sub, err := s.corro.SubscribeContext(ctx, "SELECT id, info FROM machines ORDER BY name", nil, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 
 	rows := sub.Rows()
 	var machines []*pb.MachineInfo
+	skipped := 0
+
 	for rows.Next() {
-		var mJSON string
-		if err = rows.Scan(&mJSON); err != nil {
+		var id, mJSON string
+		if err = rows.Scan(&id, &mJSON); err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
+
+		// Skip machines with empty JSON data. This can happen during partial replication
+		// when cr-sqlite has created the row but the info column hasn't been synced yet.
+		if mJSON == "" || mJSON == "{}" {
+			slog.Debug("Skipping machine with empty data in the store (partial replication?).", "id", id)
+			skipped++
+			continue
+		}
+
 		var m pb.MachineInfo
 		if err = protojson.Unmarshal([]byte(mJSON), &m); err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("unmarshal machine info: %w", err)
 		}
 		machines = append(machines, &m)
 	}
+
+	if skipped > 0 {
+		slog.Warn("Machine subscription skipped empty records in the store (possibly due to partial replication).",
+			"skipped", skipped, "valid", len(machines))
+	}
+
 	events, err := sub.Changes()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("get subscription changes: %w", err)

internal/proxy/proxy.go

@@ -81,10 +81,11 @@ func (p *Proxy) handleConnection(ctx context.Context, localConn net.Conn) {
 	defer p.activeConns.Done()
 	defer localConn.Close()
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 10*time.Second)
+	// Use a separate context with timeout for dialing the remote address.
+	dialCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 10*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
 
-	remoteConn, err := p.DialContext(ctx, "tcp", p.RemoteAddr)
+	remoteConn, err := p.DialContext(dialCtx, "tcp", p.RemoteAddr)
 	if err != nil {
 		if p.OnError != nil {
 			p.OnError(fmt.Errorf("connect remote address '%s': %w", p.RemoteAddr, err))

internal/sshexec/ssh.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"os"
+	osuser "os/user"
 	"strconv"
 	"time"
 
@@ -13,7 +14,17 @@ import (
 )
 
 func Connect(user, host string, port int, sshKeyPath string) (*ssh.Client, error) {
+	// Use the current OS user if no user is specified to be make it consistent with ssh CLI behavior.
+	if user == "" {
+		if u, err := osuser.Current(); err == nil {
+			user = u.Username
+		}
+	}
+	if port == 0 {
+		port = 22
+	}
 	addr := net.JoinHostPort(host, strconv.Itoa(port))
+
 	// Try to connect using SSH agent only.
 	agentAuth, agentClose, agentErr := sshAgentAuth()
 	if agentErr == nil {

internal/sshexec/sshcli.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package sshexec
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type SSHCLIRemote struct {
+	user    string
+	host    string
+	port    int
+	keyPath string
+}
+
+func NewSSHCLIRemote(user, host string, port int, keyPath string) *SSHCLIRemote {
+	return &SSHCLIRemote{
+		user:    user,
+		host:    host,
+		port:    port,
+		keyPath: keyPath,
+	}
+}
+
+// TODO: Refactor and reuse this with buildDialArgs and buildSSHArgs from
+// SSHCLI Connector.
+func (r *SSHCLIRemote) buildSSHArgs() []string {
+	args := []string{"-o", "ConnectTimeout=5"}
+
+	if r.port != 0 {
+		args = append(args, "-p", strconv.Itoa(r.port))
+	}
+
+	if r.keyPath != "" {
+		args = append(args, "-i", r.keyPath)
+	}
+
+	dst := r.host
+	if r.user != "" {
+		dst = fmt.Sprintf("%s@%s", r.user, dst)
+	}
+	args = append(args, dst)
+
+	return args
+}
+
+func (r *SSHCLIRemote) Run(ctx context.Context, cmd string) (string, error) {
+	args := r.buildSSHArgs()
+	args = append(args, cmd)
+
+	execCmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "ssh", args...)
+	output, err := execCmd.CombinedOutput()
+	if err != nil {
+		return strings.TrimSpace(string(output)),
+			fmt.Errorf("run command on remote host: %w: %s", err, string(output))
+	}
+	return strings.TrimSpace(string(output)), nil
+}
+
+func (r *SSHCLIRemote) Stream(ctx context.Context, cmd string, stdout, stderr io.Writer) error {
+	args := r.buildSSHArgs()
+	args = append(args, cmd)
+
+	execCmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "ssh", args...)
+	execCmd.Stdout = stdout
+	execCmd.Stderr = stderr
+
+	return execCmd.Run()
+}
+
+// no-op as there is no persistent connection.
+func (r *SSHCLIRemote) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}

internal/sshexec/sshcli_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+package sshexec
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestSSHCLIRemote_buildSSHArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		user     string
+		host     string
+		port     int
+		keyPath  string
+		expected []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "host only",
+			host:     "example.com",
+			expected: []string{"-o", "ConnectTimeout=5", "example.com"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "with user",
+			user:     "root",
+			host:     "example.com",
+			expected: []string{"-o", "ConnectTimeout=5", "root@example.com"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "with port",
+			host:     "example.com",
+			port:     2222,
+			expected: []string{"-o", "ConnectTimeout=5", "-p", "2222", "example.com"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "with key",
+			host:     "example.com",
+			keyPath:  "/path/to/key",
+			expected: []string{"-o", "ConnectTimeout=5", "-i", "/path/to/key", "example.com"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "user and port",
+			user:     "ubuntu",
+			host:     "192.168.1.10",
+			port:     2222,
+			expected: []string{"-o", "ConnectTimeout=5", "-p", "2222", "ubuntu@192.168.1.10"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "user and key",
+			user:     "root",
+			host:     "example.com",
+			keyPath:  "/path/to/key",
+			expected: []string{"-o", "ConnectTimeout=5", "-i", "/path/to/key", "root@example.com"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "port and key",
+			host:     "example.com",
+			port:     22,
+			keyPath:  "~/.ssh/id_rsa",
+			expected: []string{"-o", "ConnectTimeout=5", "-p", "22", "-i", "~/.ssh/id_rsa", "example.com"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "all options",
+			user:     "admin",
+			host:     "server.local",
+			port:     2222,
+			keyPath:  "~/.ssh/id_rsa",
+			expected: []string{"-o", "ConnectTimeout=5", "-p", "2222", "-i", "~/.ssh/id_rsa", "admin@server.local"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			remote := &SSHCLIRemote{
+				user:    tt.user,
+				host:    tt.host,
+				port:    tt.port,
+				keyPath: tt.keyPath,
+			}
+			result := remote.buildSSHArgs()
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, result)
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/ucind/cluster.go

@@ -119,17 +119,16 @@ func (p *Provisioner) CreateCluster(ctx context.Context, name string, opts Creat
 func (p *Provisioner) initCluster(ctx context.Context, machines []Machine) error {
 	// Init a new cluster on the first machine.
 	initMachine := machines[0]
-
-	if err := WaitMachineReady(ctx, initMachine, 30*time.Second); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("wait for machine %q to be ready: %w", initMachine.Name, err)
-	}
-
 	initClient, err := initMachine.Connect(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("create machine client over TCP '%s': %w", initMachine.APIAddress, err)
 	}
 	defer initClient.Close()
 
+	if err := initClient.WaitMachineReady(ctx, 30*time.Second); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("wait for machine %q to be ready: %w", initMachine.Name, err)
+	}
+
 	req := &pb.InitClusterRequest{
 		MachineName: initMachine.Name,
 		Network:     pb.NewIPPrefix(cluster.DefaultNetwork),
@@ -138,14 +137,22 @@ func (p *Provisioner) initCluster(ctx context.Context, machines []Machine) error
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("init cluster: %w", err)
 	}
+
 	fmt.Printf("Cluster %q initialised with machine %q\n", initMachine.ClusterName, initResp.Machine.Name)
+	fmt.Printf("Waiting for cluster to be ready...")
+	if err = initClient.WaitClusterReady(ctx, 30*time.Second); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("wait for cluster to be ready: %w", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println(" done.")
+
+	// Get the current store DB version from the init machine to pass to the join requests.
+	inspectResp, err := initClient.MachineClient.InspectMachine(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("inspect init machine: %w", err)
+	}
 
 	// Join the rest of the machines to the cluster.
 	for _, m := range machines[1:] {
-		if err = WaitMachineReady(ctx, m, 5*time.Second); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("wait for machine %q to be ready: %w", m.Name, err)
-		}
-
 		cli, err := m.Connect(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("create machine client over TCP '%s': %w", m.APIAddress, err)
@@ -153,6 +160,10 @@ func (p *Provisioner) initCluster(ctx context.Context, machines []Machine) error
 		//goland:noinspection GoDeferInLoop
 		defer cli.Close()
 
+		if err := cli.WaitMachineReady(ctx, 30*time.Second); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("wait for machine %q to be ready: %w", m.Name, err)
+		}
+
 		tokenResp, err := cli.Token(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("get machine token: %w", err)
@@ -181,8 +192,9 @@ func (p *Provisioner) initCluster(ctx context.Context, machines []Machine) error
 
 		// Configure the machine to join the cluster.
 		joinReq := &pb.JoinClusterRequest{
-			Machine:       addResp.Machine,
-			OtherMachines: []*pb.MachineInfo{initResp.Machine},
+			Machine:           addResp.Machine,
+			OtherMachines:     []*pb.MachineInfo{initResp.Machine},
+			MinStoreDbVersion: inspectResp.Machines[0].StoreDbVersion,
 		}
 		if _, err = cli.JoinCluster(ctx, joinReq); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("join cluster: %w", err)
@@ -256,16 +268,16 @@ func (p *Provisioner) InspectCluster(ctx context.Context, name string) (Cluster,
 // WaitClusterReady waits for all machines in the cluster to be ready and UP.
 func (p *Provisioner) WaitClusterReady(ctx context.Context, c Cluster, timeout time.Duration) error {
 	firstMachine := c.Machines[0]
-	if err := WaitMachineReady(ctx, firstMachine, timeout); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("wait for machine '%s' to be ready: %w", firstMachine.Name, err)
-	}
-
 	cli, err := firstMachine.Connect(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("connect to machine over TCP '%s': %w", firstMachine.APIAddress, err)
 	}
 	defer cli.Close()
 
+	if err = cli.WaitClusterReady(ctx, timeout); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("wait for cluster to be ready: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	boff := backoff.WithContext(backoff.NewExponentialBackOff(
 		backoff.WithInitialInterval(100*time.Millisecond),
 		backoff.WithMaxInterval(1*time.Second),
@@ -289,7 +301,25 @@ func (p *Provisioner) WaitClusterReady(ctx context.Context, c Cluster, timeout t
 		}
 		return nil
 	}
-	return backoff.Retry(checkMachinesUp, boff)
+	if err = backoff.Retry(checkMachinesUp, boff); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Wait for each machine to sync the cluster store and be ready to serve cluster requests.
+	for _, m := range c.Machines[1:] {
+		mcli, err := m.Connect(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("connect to machine over TCP '%s': %w", m.APIAddress, err)
+		}
+		//goland:noinspection GoDeferInLoop
+		defer mcli.Close()
+
+		if err = mcli.WaitClusterReady(ctx, timeout); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("wait for cluster to be ready on machine '%s': %w", m.Name, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }
 
 func (p *Provisioner) RemoveCluster(ctx context.Context, name string) error {

internal/ucind/machine.go

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"net/netip"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
 	"github.com/containerd/errdefs"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
@@ -17,7 +16,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/secret"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/connector"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -194,26 +192,3 @@ func randomMachineName() (string, error) {
 	}
 	return "machine-" + suffix, nil
 }
-
-// WaitMachineReady waits for the machine API to respond.
-func WaitMachineReady(ctx context.Context, m Machine, timeout time.Duration) error {
-	cli, err := m.Connect(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("connect to machine over TCP '%s': %w", m.APIAddress, err)
-	}
-	defer cli.Close()
-
-	boff := backoff.WithContext(backoff.NewExponentialBackOff(
-		backoff.WithInitialInterval(100*time.Millisecond),
-		backoff.WithMaxInterval(10*time.Second),
-		backoff.WithMaxElapsedTime(timeout),
-	), ctx)
-
-	inspect := func() error {
-		if _, err := cli.Inspect(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{}); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("inspect machine: %w", err)
-		}
-		return nil
-	}
-	return backoff.Retry(inspect, boff)
-}

misc/user_guide.md

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Uncloud stores its configuration in `~/.config/uncloud/config.yaml`. If you wish
 
 Begin by initialising the first node in your cluster with `uc machine init [USER@HOST:PORT]`. If you do not have a need for Caddy reverse proxy, you may disable this feature with `--no-caddy`. If you want to avoid using uncloud's managed DNS service, add the `--no-dns` flag.
 
-This command will idempotently install Docker, uncloudd, uncloud-corrosion. If Caddy is enabled, it will set up a reverse proxy. If Uncloud DNS is enabled, it will create a DNS A record for the machine's public IP address under `*.[CLUSTER ID].cluster.uncloud.run`.
+This command will idempotently install Docker, uncloudd, uncloud-corrosion. If Caddy is enabled, it will set up a reverse proxy. If Uncloud DNS is enabled, it will create a DNS A record for the machine's public IP address under `*.[CLUSTER ID].uncld.dev`.
 
 If you wish to uninstall Uncloud and its components, run `uncloud-uninstall`.
 

pkg/api/client.go

@@ -2,13 +2,10 @@ package api
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/volume"
 	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
-	"google.golang.org/grpc/metadata"
 )
 
 type Client interface {
@@ -24,10 +21,14 @@ type ContainerClient interface {
 	CreateContainer(
 		ctx context.Context, serviceID string, spec ServiceSpec, machineID string,
 	) (container.CreateResponse, error)
+	ExecContainer(ctx context.Context, serviceNameOrID, containerNameOrID string, config ExecOptions) (int, error)
 	InspectContainer(ctx context.Context, serviceNameOrID, containerNameOrID string) (MachineServiceContainer, error)
-	RemoveContainer(ctx context.Context, serviceNameOrID, containerNameOrID string, opts container.RemoveOptions) error
 	StartContainer(ctx context.Context, serviceNameOrID, containerNameOrID string) error
 	StopContainer(ctx context.Context, serviceNameOrID, containerNameOrID string, opts container.StopOptions) error
+	RemoveContainer(ctx context.Context, serviceNameOrID, containerNameOrID string, opts container.RemoveOptions) error
+	WaitContainerHealthy(
+		ctx context.Context, serviceNameOrID, containerNameOrID string, opts WaitContainerHealthyOptions,
+	) error
 }
 
 type DNSClient interface {
@@ -50,6 +51,8 @@ type ServiceClient interface {
 	RunService(ctx context.Context, spec ServiceSpec) (RunServiceResponse, error)
 	InspectService(ctx context.Context, id string) (Service, error)
 	RemoveService(ctx context.Context, id string) error
+	StopService(ctx context.Context, id string, opts container.StopOptions) error
+	StartService(ctx context.Context, id string) error
 }
 
 type VolumeClient interface {
@@ -58,40 +61,7 @@ type VolumeClient interface {
 	RemoveVolume(ctx context.Context, machineNameOrID, volumeName string, force bool) error
 }
 
-// ProxyMachinesContext returns a new context that proxies gRPC requests to the specified machines.
-// If namesOrIDs is nil, all machines are included.
-func ProxyMachinesContext(
-	ctx context.Context, cli MachineClient, namesOrIDs []string,
-) (context.Context, MachineMembersList, error) {
-	// TODO: move the machine IP resolution to the proxy router to allow setting machine names and IDs in the metadata.
-	machines, err := cli.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	var proxiedMachines MachineMembersList
-	var notFound []string
-	for _, nameOrID := range namesOrIDs {
-		if m := machines.FindByNameOrID(nameOrID); m != nil {
-			proxiedMachines = append(proxiedMachines, m)
-		} else {
-			notFound = append(notFound, nameOrID)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(notFound) > 0 {
-		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("machines not found: %s", strings.Join(notFound, ", "))
-	}
-
-	if len(namesOrIDs) == 0 {
-		proxiedMachines = machines
-	}
-
-	md := metadata.New(nil)
-	for _, m := range proxiedMachines {
-		machineIP, _ := m.Machine.Network.ManagementIp.ToAddr()
-		md.Append("machines", machineIP.String())
-	}
-
-	return metadata.NewOutgoingContext(ctx, md), proxiedMachines, nil
+// AsPtr returns a pointer to the given value. Useful for optional fields in API structs.
+func AsPtr[T any](v T) *T {
+	return &v
 }

pkg/api/config.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 )
 
@@ -98,6 +99,76 @@ func (c *ConfigMount) Validate() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Compare compares this ConfigMount with another.
+// Returns:
+//
+//	-1 if c < other
+//	 0 if c == other
+//	+1 if c > other
+func (c *ConfigMount) Compare(other *ConfigMount) int {
+	if c.ConfigName != other.ConfigName {
+		if c.ConfigName < other.ConfigName {
+			return -1
+		}
+		return 1
+	}
+	if c.ContainerPath != other.ContainerPath {
+		if c.ContainerPath < other.ContainerPath {
+			return -1
+		}
+		return 1
+	}
+	if c.Uid != other.Uid {
+		if c.Uid < other.Uid {
+			return -1
+		}
+		return 1
+	}
+	if c.Gid != other.Gid {
+		if c.Gid < other.Gid {
+			return -1
+		}
+		return 1
+	}
+	// Compare Mode (handle nil cases)
+	if c.Mode == nil && other.Mode != nil {
+		return -1
+	}
+	if c.Mode != nil && other.Mode == nil {
+		return 1
+	}
+	if c.Mode != nil && other.Mode != nil {
+		if *c.Mode < *other.Mode {
+			return -1
+		}
+		if *c.Mode > *other.Mode {
+			return 1
+		}
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+// Equals compares two ConfigMount instances for equality.
+func (c *ConfigMount) Equals(other *ConfigMount) bool {
+	return c.Compare(other) == 0
+}
+
+func (c *ConfigMount) Clone() ConfigMount {
+	clone := *c
+	if c.Mode != nil {
+		mode := *c.Mode
+		clone.Mode = &mode
+	}
+	return clone
+}
+
+// sortConfigMounts sorts a slice of ConfigMount instances.
+func sortConfigMounts(mounts []ConfigMount) {
+	sort.Slice(mounts, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return mounts[i].Compare(&mounts[j]) < 0
+	})
+}
+
 // ValidateConfigsAndMounts takes config specs and config mounts and validates that all mounts refer to existing specs
 func ValidateConfigsAndMounts(configs []ConfigSpec, mounts []ConfigMount) error {
 	configMap := make(map[string]struct{})

pkg/api/container.go

@@ -3,11 +3,14 @@ package api
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"net/netip"
+	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/stringid"
 	"github.com/docker/go-units"
 )
 
@@ -40,6 +43,19 @@ func (c *Container) CreatedTime() time.Time {
 	return c.created
 }
 
+// HasHealthcheck returns true if the container has a health check configured.
+func (c *Container) HasHealthcheck() bool {
+	hc := c.Config.Healthcheck
+	if hc == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if len(hc.Test) > 0 && hc.Test[0] == "NONE" {
+		return false
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
 // Healthy determines if the container is running and healthy.
 // A running container with no health check configured is considered healthy.
 func (c *Container) Healthy() bool {
@@ -134,6 +150,10 @@ func (c *Container) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	}
 
 	*c = Container(temp)
+	if c.ContainerJSONBase == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("container data is missing mandatory base fields: %s", data)
+	}
+
 	c.Name = strings.TrimPrefix(c.Name, "/")
 
 	return nil
@@ -144,6 +164,11 @@ type ServiceContainer struct {
 	ServiceSpec ServiceSpec
 }
 
+// ShortID returns the truncated ID of the container (12 characters).
+func (c *ServiceContainer) ShortID() string {
+	return stringid.TruncateID(c.ID)
+}
+
 // ServiceID returns the ID of the service this container belongs to.
 func (c *ServiceContainer) ServiceID() string {
 	return c.Config.Labels[LabelServiceID]
@@ -234,3 +259,61 @@ func (c *ServiceContainer) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+// DefaultHealthMonitorPeriod is the default duration (5 seconds) to wait before checking that the container is still
+// running and not restarting. Can be overridden with the UNCLOUD_HEALTH_MONITOR_PERIOD environment variable
+// (e.g. "10s" or "0").
+var DefaultHealthMonitorPeriod = defaultHealthMonitorPeriod()
+
+func defaultHealthMonitorPeriod() time.Duration {
+	if v, ok := os.LookupEnv("UNCLOUD_HEALTH_MONITOR_PERIOD"); ok {
+		if d, err := time.ParseDuration(v); err == nil {
+			return d
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 5 * time.Second
+}
+
+// WaitContainerHealthyOptions configures the behaviour of WaitContainerHealthy.
+type WaitContainerHealthyOptions struct {
+	// MonitorPeriod is how long to wait before checking that the container is still running and not restarting.
+	// Containers with a health check that become healthy before the period ends succeed early.
+	// nil means use the default DefaultHealthMonitorPeriod.
+	// Zero skips the monitoring and checks the container's health immediately after starting.
+	MonitorPeriod *time.Duration
+}
+
+// ExecOptions contains configuration for executing a command in a container.
+type ExecOptions struct {
+	// Command is the command to run in the container.
+	Command []string
+	// AttachStdin attaches the stdin stream to the exec session.
+	AttachStdin bool
+	// AttachStdout attaches the stdout stream to the exec session.
+	AttachStdout bool
+	// AttachStderr attaches the stderr stream to the exec session.
+	AttachStderr bool
+	// Tty allocates a pseudo-TTY for the exec session.
+	Tty bool
+	// Detach runs the command in the background without attaching to streams.
+	Detach bool
+
+	//// Not yet implemented fields
+	// User specifies the user to run the command as.
+	User string
+	// Privileged runs the command in privileged mode.
+	Privileged bool
+	// WorkingDir sets the working directory for the command.
+	WorkingDir string
+	// Env sets environment variables for the command.
+	Env []string
+
+	// Client-side only fields (not serialized, not sent to server)
+	// Stdin is the input stream. Defaults to os.Stdin if nil.
+	Stdin io.Reader `json:"-"`
+	// Stdout is the output stream. Defaults to os.Stdout if nil.
+	Stdout io.Writer `json:"-"`
+	// Stderr is the error stream. Defaults to os.Stderr if nil.
+	Stderr io.Writer `json:"-"`
+}

pkg/api/logs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+)
+
+const (
+	LogStreamUnknown LogStreamType = iota
+	LogStreamStdout
+	LogStreamStderr
+	// LogStreamHeartbeat represents a heartbeat log entry with a timestamp indicating that
+	// there are no older logs than this timestamp.
+	LogStreamHeartbeat
+)
+
+type LogStreamType int
+
+// LogStreamTypeFromProto converts a protobuf ContainerLogEntry.StreamType to the internal LogStreamType.
+func LogStreamTypeFromProto(s pb.ContainerLogEntry_StreamType) LogStreamType {
+	switch s {
+	case pb.ContainerLogEntry_STDOUT:
+		return LogStreamStdout
+	case pb.ContainerLogEntry_STDERR:
+		return LogStreamStderr
+	case pb.ContainerLogEntry_HEARTBEAT:
+		return LogStreamHeartbeat
+	default:
+		return LogStreamUnknown
+	}
+}
+
+// LogStreamTypeToProto converts LogStreamType to protobuf ContainerLogEntry.StreamType.
+func LogStreamTypeToProto(s LogStreamType) pb.ContainerLogEntry_StreamType {
+	switch s {
+	case LogStreamStdout:
+		return pb.ContainerLogEntry_STDOUT
+	case LogStreamStderr:
+		return pb.ContainerLogEntry_STDERR
+	case LogStreamHeartbeat:
+		return pb.ContainerLogEntry_HEARTBEAT
+	default:
+		return pb.ContainerLogEntry_UNKNOWN
+	}
+}
+
+// ServiceLogsOptions specifies parameters for ServiceLogs.
+type ServiceLogsOptions struct {
+	Follow bool
+	Tail   int
+	Since  string
+	Until  string
+	// Machines filters logs to only include containers running on the specified machines (names or IDs).
+	// If empty, logs from all machines are included.
+	Machines []string
+}
+
+// ServiceLogEntry represents a single log entry from a service container.
+type ServiceLogEntry struct {
+	// Metadata may not be set if an error occurred (Err is not nil).
+	Metadata ServiceLogEntryMetadata
+	ContainerLogEntry
+}
+
+// ServiceLogEntryMetadata contains metadata about the source of a log entry.
+type ServiceLogEntryMetadata struct {
+	ServiceID   string
+	ServiceName string
+	ContainerID string
+	MachineID   string
+	MachineName string
+}
+
+// ContainerLogEntry represents a single log entry from a container.
+type ContainerLogEntry struct {
+	Stream    LogStreamType
+	Timestamp time.Time
+	Message   []byte
+	// Err indicates that an error occurred while streaming logs from a container.
+	// Other fields are not set if Err is not nil.
+	Err error
+}
+
+// ErrLogStreamStalled indicates that a log stream stopped sending data and may be unresponsive.
+var ErrLogStreamStalled = errors.New("log stream stopped responding")

pkg/api/resources.go

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 package api
 
+import (
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+)
+
 const (
 	MilliCore = 1_000_000
 	Core      = 1000 * MilliCore
@@ -13,4 +17,25 @@ type ContainerResources struct {
 	// MemoryReservation is the minimum amount of memory (in bytes) the container needs to run efficiently.
 	// TODO: implement a placement constraint that checks available memory on machines.
 	MemoryReservation int64
+	// Devices provides direct access to host devices.
+	Devices []DeviceMapping
+	// DeviceReservations requests for access to things like GPUs.
+	DeviceReservations []container.DeviceRequest
+	// Ulimits defines the resource limits for the container.
+	Ulimits map[string]Ulimit
+}
+
+// DeviceMapping represents a device mapping between host and container.
+type DeviceMapping struct {
+	// HostPath is the path to the device on the host.
+	HostPath string
+	// ContainerPath is the path to the device in the container.
+	ContainerPath string
+	// CgroupPermissions is the cgroup permissions for the device (e.g., "rwm").
+	CgroupPermissions string
+}
+
+type Ulimit struct {
+	Soft int64
+	Hard int64
 }

pkg/api/service.go

@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ import (
 	"regexp"
 	"slices"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
+	mapset "github.com/deckarep/golang-set/v2"
 	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
 	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp/cmpopts"
@@ -18,6 +20,13 @@ const (
 	ServiceModeReplicated = "replicated"
 	ServiceModeGlobal     = "global"
 
+	// UpdateOrderStartFirst starts the new container before stopping the old one.
+	// This minimizes downtime but briefly runs both containers.
+	UpdateOrderStartFirst = "start-first"
+	// UpdateOrderStopFirst stops the old container before starting the new one.
+	// This prevents data corruption for stateful services but causes brief downtime.
+	UpdateOrderStopFirst = "stop-first"
+
 	// PullPolicyAlways means the image is always pulled from the registry.
 	PullPolicyAlways = "always"
 	// PullPolicyMissing means the image is pulled from the registry only if it's not available on the machine where
@@ -46,6 +55,8 @@ type ServiceSpec struct {
 	// Caddy is the optional Caddy reverse proxy configuration for the service.
 	// Caddy and Ports cannot be specified simultaneously.
 	Caddy *CaddySpec `json:",omitempty"`
+	// Configs is list of configuration objects that can be mounted into the container.
+	Configs []ConfigSpec
 	// Container defines the desired state of each container in the service.
 	Container ContainerSpec
 	// Mode is the replication mode of the service. Default is ServiceModeReplicated if empty.
@@ -58,10 +69,13 @@ type ServiceSpec struct {
 	Ports []PortSpec
 	// Replicas is the number of containers to run for the service. Only valid for a replicated service.
 	Replicas uint `json:",omitempty"`
+	// StopGracePeriod is how long to wait after SIGTERM before sending SIGKILL when stopping a container.
+	// Default is 10 seconds if not specified.
+	StopGracePeriod *time.Duration `json:",omitempty"`
+	// UpdateConfig configures how the service is updated during a deployment.
+	UpdateConfig UpdateConfig `json:",omitempty"`
 	// Volumes is list of data volumes that can be mounted into the container.
 	Volumes []VolumeSpec
-	// Configs is list of configuration objects that can be mounted into the container.
-	Configs []ConfigSpec
 }
 
 // CaddyConfig returns the Caddy reverse proxy configuration for the service or an empty string if it's not defined.
@@ -224,13 +238,20 @@ func (s *ServiceSpec) Clone() ServiceSpec {
 // ContainerSpec defines the desired state of a container in a service.
 // ATTENTION: after changing this struct, verify if deploy.EvalContainerSpecChange needs to be updated.
 type ContainerSpec struct {
+	// Specifies which additional capabilities should be added for the container.
+	CapAdd []string
+	// Specifies which capabilities should be dropped from the container.
+	CapDrop []string
 	// Command overrides the default CMD of the image to be executed when running a container.
 	Command []string
 	// Entrypoint overrides the default ENTRYPOINT of the image.
 	Entrypoint []string
 	// Env defines the environment variables to set inside the container.
-	Env   EnvVars
-	Image string
+	Env EnvVars
+	// Healthcheck defines the health check configuration for the container or overrides the health check options
+	// defined in the image. If nil, the image's default health check is used.
+	Healthcheck *HealthcheckSpec `json:",omitempty"`
+	Image       string
 	// Run a custom init inside the container. If nil, use the daemon's configured settings.
 	Init *bool
 	// LogDriver overrides the default logging driver for the container. Each Docker daemon can have its own default.
@@ -242,6 +263,8 @@ type ContainerSpec struct {
 	PullPolicy string
 	// Resource allocation for the container.
 	Resources ContainerResources
+	// Namespaced kernel parameters to be set in container
+	Sysctls map[string]string
 	// User overrides the default user of the image used to run the container. Format: user|UID[:group|GID].
 	User string
 	// VolumeMounts specifies how volumes are mounted into the container filesystem.
@@ -289,18 +312,32 @@ func (s *ContainerSpec) Equals(spec ContainerSpec) bool {
 	orig := s.SetDefaults()
 	spec = spec.SetDefaults()
 
+	// Volumes
 	slices.Sort(orig.Volumes)
 	slices.Sort(spec.Volumes)
 
+	// Volume mounts
 	sortVolumeMounts(orig.VolumeMounts)
 	sortVolumeMounts(spec.VolumeMounts)
 
+	// Config mounts
+	sortConfigMounts(orig.ConfigMounts)
+	sortConfigMounts(spec.ConfigMounts)
+
 	return cmp.Equal(orig, spec, cmpopts.EquateEmpty())
 }
 
 func (s *ContainerSpec) Clone() ContainerSpec {
 	spec := *s
 
+	if s.CapAdd != nil {
+		spec.CapAdd = make([]string, len(s.CapAdd))
+		copy(spec.CapAdd, s.CapAdd)
+	}
+	if s.CapDrop != nil {
+		spec.CapDrop = make([]string, len(s.CapDrop))
+		copy(spec.CapDrop, s.CapDrop)
+	}
 	if s.Command != nil {
 		spec.Command = make([]string, len(s.Command))
 		copy(spec.Command, s.Command)
@@ -309,6 +346,17 @@ func (s *ContainerSpec) Clone() ContainerSpec {
 		spec.Entrypoint = make([]string, len(s.Entrypoint))
 		copy(spec.Entrypoint, s.Entrypoint)
 	}
+	if s.Env != nil {
+		spec.Env = make(EnvVars, len(s.Env))
+		for k, v := range s.Env {
+			spec.Env[k] = v
+		}
+	}
+	if s.Healthcheck != nil {
+		hc := *s.Healthcheck
+		hc.Test = slices.Clone(s.Healthcheck.Test)
+		spec.Healthcheck = &hc
+	}
 	if s.LogDriver != nil {
 		logDriver := *s.LogDriver
 		if s.LogDriver.Options != nil {
@@ -324,6 +372,27 @@ func (s *ContainerSpec) Clone() ContainerSpec {
 		spec.VolumeMounts = make([]VolumeMount, len(s.VolumeMounts))
 		copy(spec.VolumeMounts, s.VolumeMounts)
 	}
+	if s.ConfigMounts != nil {
+		spec.ConfigMounts = make([]ConfigMount, len(s.ConfigMounts))
+		for i, cm := range s.ConfigMounts {
+			spec.ConfigMounts[i] = cm.Clone()
+		}
+	}
+	if s.Sysctls != nil {
+		spec.Sysctls = make(map[string]string, len(s.Sysctls))
+		for k, v := range s.Sysctls {
+			spec.Sysctls[k] = v
+		}
+	}
+	if s.Resources.Ulimits != nil {
+		spec.Resources.Ulimits = maps.Clone(s.Resources.Ulimits)
+	}
+	if s.Resources.Devices != nil {
+		spec.Resources.Devices = slices.Clone(s.Resources.Devices)
+	}
+	if s.Resources.DeviceReservations != nil {
+		spec.Resources.DeviceReservations = slices.Clone(s.Resources.DeviceReservations)
+	}
 
 	return spec
 }
@@ -342,6 +411,26 @@ func (e EnvVars) ToSlice() []string {
 	return env
 }
 
+// HealthcheckSpec defines the health check configuration for a container.
+type HealthcheckSpec struct {
+	// Test is the command used to check health.
+	// Formats: ["CMD", args...], ["CMD-SHELL", "command"], or ["NONE"] to disable.
+	Test []string `json:",omitempty"`
+	// Interval is the time between health checks.
+	// Zero means to inherit the value from the image or use the Docker default (30s) if not defined in the image.
+	Interval time.Duration `json:",omitempty"`
+	// Timeout is how long to wait before considering the checck to have hung.
+	Timeout time.Duration `json:",omitempty"`
+	// StartPeriod is the initialisation time for a container before the retries start to count down.
+	StartPeriod time.Duration `json:",omitempty"`
+	// StartInterval is the time between health checks during the start period.
+	StartInterval time.Duration `json:",omitempty"`
+	// Retries is the number of consecutive failures needed to consider a container unhealthy.
+	Retries uint `json:",omitempty"`
+	// Disable disables the health check defined in the image. true is equivalent to setting Test to ["NONE"].
+	Disable bool `json:",omitempty"`
+}
+
 type LogDriver struct {
 	// Name of the logging driver to use.
 	Name string
@@ -349,6 +438,19 @@ type LogDriver struct {
 	Options map[string]string
 }
 
+// UpdateConfig configures how a service is updated during a deployment.
+type UpdateConfig struct {
+	// Order specifies the order of operations during an update.
+	// Valid values are "start-first" (default for stateless services) and "stop-first" (default for services with
+	// volumes). Empty value means the strategy will determine the order based on service characteristics.
+	Order string `json:",omitempty"`
+	// MonitorPeriod is how long to wait after starting a container before checking that it's still running
+	// and not restarting. Containers with a health check that become healthy before the period ends succeed early.
+	// nil means use the default api.DefaultHealthMonitorPeriod.
+	// Zero skips the monitoring and checks the container's health immediately after starting.
+	MonitorPeriod *time.Duration `json:",omitempty"`
+}
+
 type RunServiceResponse struct {
 	ID   string
 	Name string
@@ -366,6 +468,16 @@ type MachineServiceContainer struct {
 	Container ServiceContainer
 }
 
+// MachineIDs returns a list of unique machine IDs where the service containers are running.
+func (s *Service) MachineIDs() []string {
+	ids := mapset.NewSet[string]()
+	for _, mc := range s.Containers {
+		ids.Add(mc.MachineID)
+	}
+
+	return ids.ToSlice()
+}
+
 // Images returns a sorted list of unique images used by the service containers.
 func (s *Service) Images() []string {
 	images := make(map[string]struct{})

pkg/api/service_test.go

@@ -1,11 +1,20 @@
 package api
 
 import (
+	"os"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
+// boolPtr is a convenience function to create a pointer to a uint64 value
+// TODO: Make this a generic function that works for any type
+func boolPtr(b bool) *bool {
+	return &b
+}
+
 func TestServiceSpec_Validate_CaddyAndPorts(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		name    string
@@ -197,3 +206,101 @@ func TestServiceSpec_Validate_CaddyAndPorts(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestContainerSpec_Clone(t *testing.T) {
+	mode := os.FileMode(0o644)
+	original := ContainerSpec{
+		CapAdd:     []string{"NET_ADMIN"},
+		CapDrop:    []string{"ALL"},
+		Command:    []string{"sh", "-c", "echo hello"},
+		Entrypoint: []string{"/bin/bash"},
+		Env: EnvVars{
+			"FOO": "bar",
+			"BAZ": "qux",
+		},
+		Image: "nginx:latest",
+		Init:  boolPtr(true),
+		LogDriver: &LogDriver{
+			Name: "json-file",
+			Options: map[string]string{
+				"max-size": "10m",
+			},
+		},
+		Privileged: true,
+		PullPolicy: PullPolicyAlways,
+		Resources: ContainerResources{
+			CPU:               1234,
+			Memory:            2345,
+			MemoryReservation: 3456,
+			Devices: []DeviceMapping{
+				{HostPath: "/dev/sda", ContainerPath: "/dev/xvda", CgroupPermissions: "rwm"},
+			},
+			DeviceReservations: []container.DeviceRequest{
+				{Count: 1, Capabilities: [][]string{{"gpu"}}, Driver: "nvidia"},
+			},
+		},
+		Sysctls: map[string]string{
+			"net.ipv4.ip_forward": "1",
+		},
+		User:    "1000:1000",
+		Volumes: []string{"/data", "/config"},
+		VolumeMounts: []VolumeMount{
+			{VolumeName: "data", ContainerPath: "/data"},
+		},
+		ConfigMounts: []ConfigMount{
+			{ConfigName: "app-config", ContainerPath: "/etc/config", Mode: &mode},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cloned := original.Clone()
+
+	// Check ContainerSpec equality
+	assert.True(t, original.Equals(cloned))
+
+	// Verify deep copy by modifying the original
+	stringModified := "modified"
+	original.CapAdd[0] = stringModified
+	original.CapDrop[0] = stringModified
+	original.Command[0] = stringModified
+	original.Entrypoint[0] = stringModified
+	original.Env["FOO"] = stringModified
+	original.LogDriver.Options["max-size"] = stringModified
+	original.Volumes[0] = stringModified
+	original.VolumeMounts[0].ContainerPath = stringModified
+	original.ConfigMounts[0].ContainerPath = stringModified
+	*original.ConfigMounts[0].Mode = 0o755 // Modify the Mode pointer value
+	original.Sysctls["net.ipv4.ip_forward"] = stringModified
+	original.Resources.Devices[0].HostPath = stringModified
+	original.Resources.DeviceReservations[0].Count = 2
+	original.Resources.DeviceReservations[0].Driver = stringModified
+
+	assert.False(t, original.Equals(cloned))
+	// Assert cloned values are unchanged
+	assert.Equal(t, "NET_ADMIN", cloned.CapAdd[0])
+	assert.Equal(t, "ALL", cloned.CapDrop[0])
+	assert.Equal(t, "sh", cloned.Command[0])
+	assert.Equal(t, "/bin/bash", cloned.Entrypoint[0])
+	assert.Equal(t, "bar", cloned.Env["FOO"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "qux", cloned.Env["BAZ"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "nginx:latest", cloned.Image)
+	assert.NotNil(t, cloned.Init)
+	assert.Equal(t, true, *cloned.Init)
+	assert.NotNil(t, cloned.LogDriver)
+	assert.Equal(t, "json-file", cloned.LogDriver.Name)
+	assert.Equal(t, "10m", cloned.LogDriver.Options["max-size"])
+	assert.Equal(t, true, cloned.Privileged)
+	assert.Equal(t, PullPolicyAlways, cloned.PullPolicy)
+	assert.Equal(t, int64(1234), cloned.Resources.CPU)
+	assert.Equal(t, int64(2345), cloned.Resources.Memory)
+	assert.Equal(t, int64(3456), cloned.Resources.MemoryReservation)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/dev/sda", cloned.Resources.Devices[0].HostPath)
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, cloned.Resources.DeviceReservations[0].Count)
+	assert.Equal(t, "nvidia", cloned.Resources.DeviceReservations[0].Driver)
+	assert.Equal(t, "1000:1000", cloned.User)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/data", cloned.Volumes[0])
+	assert.Equal(t, "/data", cloned.VolumeMounts[0].ContainerPath)
+	assert.Equal(t, "/etc/config", cloned.ConfigMounts[0].ContainerPath)
+	assert.NotNil(t, cloned.ConfigMounts[0].Mode)
+	assert.Equal(t, os.FileMode(0o644), *cloned.ConfigMounts[0].Mode, "Mode should be deep copied")
+	assert.Equal(t, "1", cloned.Sysctls["net.ipv4.ip_forward"])
+}