feat: init 'machine rm' command that outputs service containers that will be removed

* test: Add an e2e test for build&push

* test: Add image cleanup

* test: Switch to assert.NoError

.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Ignore everything and use an allowlist of what is allowed to not package any secrets by accident.
+*
+
+# Allow files and directories.
+!cmd/
+!internal/
+!pkg/
+!scripts/docker/
+!go.*
+
+# Ignore unnecessary files inside allowed directories.
+**/.DS_Store

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+github: [psviderski]

.github/workflows/go-tests.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+name: Go Tests
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - "main"
+      - "test/**"
+      - "release/**"
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - ".github/**"
+      - "**.go"
+      - "**.proto"
+      - "go.*"
+      - "Makefile"
+      - "scripts/**"
+      - "test/**"
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+
+      - name: Set up Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@d35c59abb061a4a6fb18e82ac0862c26744d6ab5 # v5.5.0
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.23.2"
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          go mod tidy
+          git diff --exit-code ||
+            (echo "go.mod or go.sum has changed. Please run 'go mod tidy' and commit the changes." && exit 1)
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: make test
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+
+  check-protobuf:
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        # Run on more platforms so that mise lockfile checksums are checked/generated for all platforms.
+        # See https://github.com/jdx/mise/issues/4276 for details.
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+
+      - name: Install Mise
+        uses: jdx/mise-action@13abe502c30c1559a5c37dff303831bab82c9402 # v2.2.3
+        with:
+          version: "2025.6.5"
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+
+      - name: Generate Protobuf files
+        run: |
+          make proto
+          # check if the generated files are up to date
+          git diff --exit-code ||
+            (echo "Generated protobuf files are not up to date. Please run 'make proto' and commit the changes." && exit 1)

.gitignore

@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@
 *.so
 *.dylib
 
+# OS X
+.DS_Store
+
 # Test binary, built with `go test -c`
 *.test
 
@@ -24,5 +27,13 @@ go.work.sum
 .env
 .idea/
 
-data
-dist/
+/data/
+/dist/
+/uc
+/tmp
+
+# Web
+node_modules/
+
+# VS Code
+.vscode

.goreleaser.yaml

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ builds:
     goarch:
       - amd64
       - arm64
+    ldflags:
+      - -s -w -X github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/version.version={{ .Version }}
 
   - id: uncloudd
     main: ./cmd/uncloudd
@@ -35,28 +37,34 @@ builds:
     goarch:
       - amd64
       - arm64
+    ldflags:
+      - -s -w -X github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/version.version={{ .Version }}
 
 archives:
   - id: uncloud
     builds:
       - uncloud
-    format: gz
+    formats:
+      # gz is not compatible with homebrew releases, so we use tar.gz
+      - tar.gz
     name_template: >-
       {{ .Binary }}_
       {{- if eq .Os "darwin"}}macos
       {{- else}}{{.Os}}{{end}}_
-      {{- .Arch }}"
+      {{- .Arch }}
     # use zip for windows archives
     format_overrides:
       - goos: windows
-        format: zip
+        formats:
+          - zip
     files:
       - none*
 
   - id: uncloudd
     builds:
       - uncloudd
-    format: gz
+    formats:
+      - tar.gz
     name_template: "{{ .Binary }}_{{ .Os }}_{{ .Arch }}"
     files:
       - none*
@@ -70,3 +78,18 @@ changelog:
     exclude:
       - "^docs:"
       - "^test:"
+
+brews:
+  - name: uncloud
+    description: "Uncloud CLI"
+    homepage: "https://uncloud.run"
+    ids:
+      - uncloud
+    install: |
+      bin.install "uncloud"
+      bin.install_symlink "uncloud" => "uc"
+    skip_upload: false
+    repository:
+      owner: psviderski
+      name: homebrew-tap
+      token: "{{ .Env.GITHUB_TOKEN_HOMEBREW_TAP }}"

.mise.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+[tools.go]
+version = "1.23.10"
+backend = "core:go"
+
+[tools.go.checksums]
+"go1.23.10.darwin-arm64.tar.gz" = "sha256:25c64bfa8a8fd8e7f62fb54afa4354af8409a4bb2358c2699a1003b733e6fce5"
+"go1.23.10.linux-amd64.tar.gz" = "sha256:535f9f81802499f2a7dbfa70abb8fda3793725fcc29460f719815f6e10b5fd60"
+
+[tools.protoc]
+version = "27.3"
+backend = "aqua:protocolbuffers/protobuf/protoc"
+
+[tools.protoc.checksums]
+"protoc-27.3-linux-x86_64.zip" = "sha256:6dab2adab83f915126cab53540d48957c40e9e9023969c3e84d44bfb936c7741"
+"protoc-27.3-osx-aarch_64.zip" = "sha256:b22116bd97cdbd7ea25346abe635a9df268515fe5ef5afa93cd9a68fc2513f84"
+
+[tools.protoc-gen-go]
+version = "1.34.2"
+backend = "aqua:protocolbuffers/protobuf-go/protoc-gen-go"
+
+[tools.protoc-gen-go.checksums]
+"protoc-gen-go.v1.34.2.darwin.arm64.tar.gz" = "sha256:17aca7f948dbb624049030cf841e35895cf34183ba006e721247fdeb95ff2780"
+"protoc-gen-go.v1.34.2.linux.amd64.tar.gz" = "sha256:b87bc134dee55576a842141bf0ed27761c635d746780fce5dee038c6dd16554f"
+
+[tools.protoc-gen-go-grpc]
+version = "1.5.1"
+backend = "aqua:grpc/grpc-go/protoc-gen-go-grpc"
+
+[tools.protoc-gen-go-grpc.checksums]
+"protoc-gen-go-grpc.v1.5.1.darwin.arm64.tar.gz" = "sha256:d6083feb51dcfe59f26793e99ef01ef5eac68b64294ec2546711f614ac5878f3"
+"protoc-gen-go-grpc.v1.5.1.linux.amd64.tar.gz" = "sha256:a6cac4ea731e54aea304ad44d704a69d1cdc82997084b33637e21a89dc9229d6"

.mise.toml

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
+[settings]
+experimental = true
+
 [tools]
-go = "1.22"
+go = "1.23"
+protoc = "27.3"
+protoc-gen-go = "1.34.2"
+protoc-gen-go-grpc = "1.5.1"
 
 [env]
 _.file = ".env"

Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+ARG ALPINE_VERSION=3.20.3
+
+FROM golang:1.23.2-alpine AS uncloudd
+
+ARG TARGETOS
+ARG TARGETARCH
+
+ENV CGO_ENABLED=0
+
+WORKDIR /build
+# Download and cache dependencies and only redownload them in subsequent builds if they change.
+COPY go.mod go.sum ./
+RUN go mod download && go mod verify
+
+COPY . .
+RUN GOOS=${TARGETOS} GOARCH=${TARGETARCH} go build -o uncloudd cmd/uncloudd/main.go
+
+
+FROM alpine:${ALPINE_VERSION} AS corrosion-download
+ARG TARGETARCH
+
+RUN CORROSION_ARCH=$(case "${TARGETARCH}" in \
+      "amd64") echo "x86_64" ;; \
+      "arm64") echo "aarch64" ;; \
+      *) echo "Architecture '${TARGETARCH}' not supported" >&2 && exit 1 ;; \
+    esac) \
+    && wget -q -O /tmp/corrosion.tar.gz \
+      "https://github.com/psviderski/corrosion/releases/latest/download/corrosion-${CORROSION_ARCH}-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz" \
+    && tar -xzf /tmp/corrosion.tar.gz -C /tmp \
+    && install /tmp/corrosion /usr/local/bin/corrosion \
+    && rm /tmp/corrosion.tar.gz /tmp/corrosion
+
+# Beware that more modern images like chainguard/wolfi-base build glibc with flags that require newer CPU features,
+# e.g. x86-64-v2. So such image may fail with "Fatal glibc error: CPU does not support x86-64-v2" on older CPUs.
+FROM gcr.io/distroless/cc-debian12:latest AS corrosion
+COPY --from=corrosion-download /usr/local/bin/corrosion /usr/local/bin/corrosion
+CMD ["corrosion", "agent"]
+
+
+FROM alpine:${ALPINE_VERSION} AS corrosion-image-tarball
+ARG CORROSION_IMAGE="ghcr.io/psviderski/corrosion:latest"
+
+RUN apk --no-cache add crane
+RUN crane pull "${CORROSION_IMAGE}" /corrosion.tar
+
+
+# Uncloud-in-Docker (ucind) image for running Uncloud test clusters using Docker.
+FROM docker:27.3.1-dind AS ucind
+# Create system group and user 'uncloud'.
+RUN addgroup -S uncloud && adduser -SHD -h /nonexistent -G uncloud -g "" uncloud
+RUN apk --no-cache add \
+    socat \
+    wireguard-tools
+
+COPY --from=corrosion-image-tarball /corrosion.tar /images/corrosion.tar
+COPY scripts/docker/dind scripts/docker/entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
+COPY --from=uncloudd /build/uncloudd /usr/local/bin/
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["entrypoint.sh"]
+CMD ["uncloudd"]

Makefile

@@ -1,16 +1,94 @@
-.PHONY: build
-uncloud-dev:
+CORROSION_IMAGE ?= ghcr.io/psviderski/corrosion:latest
+UCIND_IMAGE ?= ghcr.io/psviderski/ucind:latest
+DOCS_IMAGE ?= ghcr.io/psviderski/uncloud-docs:latest
+
+update-dev:
 	GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o uncloudd-linux-amd64 ./cmd/uncloudd && \
 		scp uncloudd-linux-amd64 spy@192.168.40.243:~/ && \
 		ssh spy@192.168.40.243 sudo install ./uncloudd-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/uncloudd
 		scp uncloudd-linux-amd64 spy@192.168.40.176:~/ && \
-		ssh spy@192.168.40.176 sudo install ./uncloudd-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/uncloudd
-	GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o uncloud-linux-amd64 ./cmd/uncloud && \
-		scp uncloud-linux-amd64 spy@192.168.40.243:~/ && \
-		ssh spy@192.168.40.243 sudo install ./uncloud-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/uncloud
-		scp uncloud-linux-amd64 spy@192.168.40.176:~/ && \
-		ssh spy@192.168.40.176 sudo install ./uncloud-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/uncloud
+		ssh spy@192.168.40.176 sudo install ./uncloudd-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/uncloudd && \
+		rm uncloudd-linux-amd64
+#	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 go build -o uncloudd-linux-arm64 ./cmd/uncloudd && \
+#		scp uncloudd-linux-arm64 ubuntu@152.67.101.197:~/ && \
+#		ssh ubuntu@152.67.101.197 sudo install ./uncloudd-linux-arm64 /usr/local/bin/uncloudd && \
+#		rm uncloudd-linux-arm64
+
+update-restart-dev:
+	GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o uncloudd-linux-amd64 ./cmd/uncloudd && \
+		scp uncloudd-linux-amd64 spy@192.168.40.243:~/ && \
+		ssh spy@192.168.40.243 "sudo install ./uncloudd-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/uncloudd && sudo systemctl restart uncloud" && \
+		scp uncloudd-linux-amd64 spy@192.168.40.176:~/ && \
+		ssh spy@192.168.40.176 "sudo install ./uncloudd-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/uncloudd && sudo systemctl restart uncloud" && \
+		rm uncloudd-linux-amd64
+#	GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 go build -o uncloudd-linux-arm64 ./cmd/uncloudd && \
+#		scp uncloudd-linux-arm64 ubuntu@152.67.101.197:~/ && \
+#		ssh ubuntu@152.67.101.197 "sudo install ./uncloudd-linux-arm64 /usr/local/bin/uncloudd && sudo systemctl restart uncloud" && \
+#		rm uncloudd-linux-arm64
+
+reset-dev:
+	ssh spy@192.168.40.243 "sudo systemctl stop uncloud && sudo rm -rf /var/lib/uncloud"
+	ssh spy@192.168.40.176 "sudo systemctl stop uncloud && sudo rm -rf /var/lib/uncloud"
+	ssh ubuntu@152.67.101.197 "sudo systemctl stop uncloud && sudo rm -rf /var/lib/uncloud"
+
+demo-reset:
+	rm -fv ~/.config/uncloud/config.yaml
+	ssh ubuntu@152.67.101.197 "AUTO_CONFIRM=true sudo -E uncloud-uninstall && docker rmi caddy:2.9.1"
+	ssh root@5.223.45.199 "AUTO_CONFIRM=true sudo -E uncloud-uninstall"
+	ssh spy@192.168.40.243 "AUTO_CONFIRM=true sudo -E uncloud-uninstall"
+
+.PHONY: ucind-cluster
+ucind-cluster:
+	go run ./cmd/ucind cluster rm && go run ./cmd/ucind cluster create -m 3
 
 .PHONY: proto
 proto:
-	protoc --go_out=. --go_opt=paths=source_relative --go-grpc_out=. --go-grpc_opt=paths=source_relative internal/machine/api/pb/*.proto
+	protoc --go_out=. --go_opt=paths=source_relative --go-grpc_out=. --go-grpc_opt=paths=source_relative \
+		--proto_path=. --proto_path=internal/machine/api/vendor internal/machine/api/pb/*.proto
+
+.PHONY: corrosion-image
+corrosion-image:
+	docker build -t "$(CORROSION_IMAGE)" --target corrosion .
+
+.PHONY: corrosion-multiarch-image-push
+corrosion-multiarch-image-push:
+	docker buildx build --push --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 -t "$(CORROSION_IMAGE)" --target corrosion .
+
+.PHONY: ucind-image
+ucind-image:
+	docker build -t "$(UCIND_IMAGE)" --target ucind .
+
+.PHONY: ucind-multiarch-image-push
+ucind-multiarch-image-push:
+	docker buildx build --push --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 -t "$(UCIND_IMAGE)" --target ucind .
+
+.PHONY: test
+test:
+ifeq ($(TEST_NAME),)
+	go test -count=1 -v ./...
+else
+	go test -count=1 -v -run ^$(TEST_NAME)$$ ./...
+endif
+
+.PHONY: test-clean
+test-clean:
+	@CONTAINERS=$$(docker ps --filter "name=ucind-test" -q); \
+	if [ -n "$$CONTAINERS" ]; then \
+		echo "Killing containers..."; \
+		docker kill $$CONTAINERS; \
+	fi; \
+	CONTAINERS_STOPPED=$$(docker ps -a --filter "name=ucind-test" -q); \
+	if [ -n "$$CONTAINERS_STOPPED" ]; then \
+		echo "Removing stopped containers..."; \
+		docker rm $$CONTAINERS_STOPPED; \
+	else \
+		echo "Nothing to clean."; \
+	fi
+
+.PHONY: vet
+vet:
+	go vet ./...
+
+.PHONY: docs-image-push
+docs-image:
+	docker buildx build --push --platform linux/amd64,linux/arm64 -t "$(DOCS_IMAGE)" ./docs

README.md

@@ -1,9 +1,330 @@
-# Uncloud
+<div align="center">
+  <img src="./website/images/logo.svg" height="100" alt="Uncloud logo"/>
+  <h1>Uncloud</h1>
+  <p><strong>Docker simplicity. Multi-machine power.</strong></p>
 
-Uncloud is a lightweight tool for deploying and managing containerised applications across a network of Docker hosts. It
-bridges the gap between simple Docker deployments and complex cloud platforms and container orchestrators like
-Kubernetes.
+  <p>
+    <a href="https://docs.uncloud.run"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Docs-blue.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=gitbook&logoColor=white" alt="Documentation"></a>
+    <a href="https://discord.gg/eR35KQJhPu"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/discord-5865F2.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=discord&logoColor=white" alt="Join Discord"></a>
+    <a href="https://x.com/psviderski"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/follow-black?style=for-the-badge&logo=X&logoColor=while" alt="Follow on X"></a>
+    <a href="https://github.com/sponsors/psviderski"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Donate-EA4AAA.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=githubsponsors&logoColor=white" alt="Donate"></a>
+  </p>
+</div>
 
-Our goal is to become the go-to self-hosted alternative to platforms like [Fly.io](https://fly.io) and
-[Render](https://render.com/). Whether you're using bare metal servers, Raspberry Pis, or cloud VMs, Uncloud transforms
-your hardware into a personal cloud platform.
+Uncloud is a lightweight clustering and container orchestration tool that lets you deploy and manage web apps across
+cloud VMs and bare metal with minimised cluster management overhead. It creates a secure WireGuard mesh network between
+your Docker hosts and provides automatic service discovery, load balancing, ingress with HTTPS, and simple CLI commands
+to manage your apps.
+
+Unlike traditional orchestrators, there's no central control plane and quorum to maintain. Each machine maintains a
+synchronised copy of the cluster state through peer-to-peer communication, keeping cluster operations functional even if
+some machines go offline.
+
+Uncloud is the solution for developers who want the flexibility of self-hosted infrastructure without the operational
+complexity of Kubernetes.
+
+## ✨ Features
+
+* **Deploy anywhere**: Combine cloud VMs, dedicated servers, and bare metal into a unified computing environment —
+  regardless of location or provider.
+* **Docker Compose**: Familiar [Docker Compose](https://compose-spec.io/) format for defining services and volumes. No
+  need to learn a new bespoke DSL.
+* **Zero-downtime deployments**: Rolling updates without service interruption. Automatic rollback on failure is coming
+  soon.
+* **Service discovery**: Built-in DNS server resolves service names to container IPs.
+* **Persistent storage**: Run stateful services with Docker volumes managed across machines.
+* **Zero-config private network**: Automatic WireGuard mesh with peer discovery and NAT traversal. Containers get unique
+  IPs for direct cross-machine communication.
+* **No control plane**: Fully decentralised design eliminates single points of failure and reduces operational overhead.
+* **Imperative over declarative**: Favoring imperative operations over state reconciliation simplifies both the mental
+  model and troubleshooting.
+* **Managed DNS**: Automatic DNS records `*.<id>.cluster.uncloud.run` for services with public access via managed
+  [Uncloud DNS](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud-dns) service.
+* **Automatic HTTPS**: Built-in Caddy reverse proxy handles TLS certificate provisioning and renewal using Let's
+  Encrypt.
+* **Docker-like CLI**: Familiar commands for managing both infrastructure and applications.
+* **Remote management**: Control your entire infrastructure through SSH access to any single machine in the cluster.
+
+### 🚀 Coming soon
+
+* **[Unregistry](https://github.com/psviderski/unregistry) integration**: Push your Docker images directly to your
+  machines without an external registry. It will transfer only the missing layers, making it fast and efficient.
+
+## 🎬 Quick demo
+
+The screenshot below demonstrates how I use Uncloud to deploy the [Uncloud Documentation](https://docs.uncloud.run)
+website to 2 remote machines (why not?) from the [`compose.yaml`](docs/compose.yaml) file on my local machine.
+
+It exposes the container port `8000/tcp` as HTTPS on the domain `docs.uncloud.run`, served by the Caddy reverse proxy on
+the remote machines. All managed by Uncloud.
+
+![Uncloud compose deployment demo](.github/images/compose-deploy.jpg)
+
+Here is a more advanced use case. Deploy a highly available web app with automatic HTTPS across multiple regions and
+on-premises in just a couple minutes.
+
+<a href="https://uncloud.wistia.com/medias/k47uwt9uau?wvideo=k47uwt9uau">
+<img src="https://embed-ssl.wistia.com/deliveries/3cf7014a48b93afc556444bed3e39a8c.jpg?image_crop_resized=900x526&image_play_button_rounded=true&image_play_button_size=2x&image_play_button_color=18181Be0" alt="Uncloud demo" width="450" height="263" />
+</a>
+
+## 💫 Why Uncloud?
+
+Modern cloud platforms like Heroku and Render offer amazing developer experiences but at a premium price. Traditional
+container orchestrators like Kubernetes provide power and flexibility but require significant operational expertise. I
+believe there's a sweet spot in between — a pragmatic solution for the majority of us who aren't running at Google
+scale. You should be able to:
+
+* **Own your infrastructure and data**: Whether driven by costs, compliance, or flexibility, run applications on any
+  combination of cloud VMs and personal hardware while controlling your data and maintaining the cloud-like experience
+  you love.
+* **Stay simple as you grow**: Start with a single machine and add more whenever you need without changing your
+  workflow. No worrying about highly-available control planes or complex YAML configurations.
+* **Build with proven primitives**: Get production-grade networking, deployment primitives, service discovery, load
+  balancing, and ingress with HTTPS out of the box without becoming a distributed systems expert.
+* **Support sustainable computing** 🌿: Minimise system overhead to maximise resources available for your applications.
+
+Uncloud's goal is to make deployment and management of containerised applications feel as seamless as using a cloud
+platform, whether you're running on a $5 VPS, a spare Mac mini, or a rack of bare metal servers.
+
+## 🚀 Quick start
+
+1. Install Uncloud CLI:
+
+   ```bash
+   brew install psviderski/tap/uncloud
+
+   # or using curl (macOS/Linux)
+   curl -fsS https://get.uncloud.run/install.sh | sh
+   ```
+
+2. Initialise your first machine:
+
+   ```bash
+   uc machine init root@your-server-ip
+   ```
+
+3. Deploy your app from a Docker image and publish its container port 8000 as HTTPS using `app.example.com` domain:
+
+   ```bash
+   uc run -p app.example.com:8000/https image/my-app
+   ```
+
+4. Create a DNS A record in your DNS provider (Cloudflare, Namecheap, etc.) that points `app.example.com` to your
+   server's IP address. Allow a few minutes for DNS propagation.
+
+   That's it! Your app is now running and accessible at https://app.example.com ✨
+
+5. Clean up when you're done:
+
+   ```bash
+   uc ls
+   # Copy the service name from the output and run the rm command:
+   uc rm my-app-name
+   ```
+
+   If you want to fully uninstall Uncloud on a machine, run:
+
+   ```bash
+   uncloud-uninstall
+   ```
+
+View the [Documentation](https://docs.uncloud.run) for more information.
+
+## ⚙️ How it works
+
+Check out the [design document](docs/design.md) to understand Uncloud's design philosophy and goals.
+
+Here is a diagram of an Uncloud multi-provider cluster of 3 machines:
+
+![Diagram: multi-provider cluster of 3 machines](website/images/diagram.webp)
+
+<details>
+<summary>Peek under the hood to see what happens when you run certain commands.</summary>
+
+**When you initialise a new cluster on a machine:**
+
+```bash
+$ uc machine init --name oracle-vm ubuntu@152.67.101.197
+
+Downloading Uncloud install script: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psviderski/uncloud/refs/heads/main/scripts/install.sh
+⏳ Running Uncloud install script...
+✓ Docker is already installed.
+⏳ Installing Docker...
+...
+✓ Docker installed successfully.
+✓ Linux user and group 'uncloud' created.
+✓ Linux user 'ubuntu' added to group 'uncloud'.
+⏳ Installing Uncloud binaries...
+⏳ Downloading uncloudd binary: https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/releases/latest/download/uncloudd_linux_arm64.tar.gz
+✓ uncloudd binary installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloudd
+⏳ Downloading uninstall script: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psviderski/uncloud/refs/heads/main/scripts/uninstall.sh
+✓ uncloud-uninstall script installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloud-uninstall
+✓ Systemd unit file created: /etc/systemd/system/uncloud.service
+Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/uncloud.service → /etc/systemd/system/uncloud.service.
+⏳ Downloading uncloud-corrosion binary: https://github.com/psviderski/corrosion/releases/latest/download/corrosion-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz
+✓ uncloud-corrosion binary installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloud-corrosion
+✓ Systemd unit file created: /etc/systemd/system/uncloud-corrosion.service
+⏳ Starting Uncloud machine daemon (uncloud.service)...
+✓ Uncloud machine daemon started.
+✓ Uncloud installed on the machine successfully! 🎉
+Cluster "default" initialised with machine "oracle-vm"
+Waiting for the machine to be ready...
+
+Reserved cluster domain: xuw3xd.cluster.uncloud.run
+[+] Deploying service caddy 1/1
+ ✔ Container caddy-c47x on oracle-vm  Started                                                                                                                                          0.9s
+
+Updating cluster domain records in Uncloud DNS to point to machines running caddy service...
+[+] Verifying internet access to caddy service 1/1
+ ✔ Machine oracle-vm (152.67.101.197)  Reachable                                                                                                                                       0.1s
+
+DNS records updated to use only the internet-reachable machines running caddy service:
+  *.xuw3xd.cluster.uncloud.run  A → 152.67.101.197
+```
+
+1. The CLI SSHs into the machine and installs Docker, the `uncloudd` machine daemon and
+   [corrosion](https://github.com/superfly/corrosion) service, managed by systemd.
+2. Generates a unique WireGuard key pair, allocates a dedicated subnet `10.210.0.0/24` for the machine and its
+   containers, and configures `uncloudd` accordingly. All subsequent communication happens with `uncloudd`
+   through its gRPC API over SSH.
+3. Configures and starts `corrosion`, a CRDT-based distributed SQLite database to share cluster state between machines.
+4. Creates a Docker bridge network connected to the WireGuard interface.
+5. This machine becomes an entry point for the newly created cluster which is stored in the cluster config under
+   `~/.config/uncloud` on your local machine.
+
+**When you add another machine:**
+
+```bash
+$ uc machine add --name hetzner-server root@5.223.45.199
+Downloading Uncloud install script: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psviderski/uncloud/refs/heads/main/scripts/install.sh
+⏳ Running Uncloud install script...
+✓ Docker is already installed.
+✓ Linux user and group 'uncloud' created.
+⏳ Installing Uncloud binaries...
+⏳ Downloading uncloudd binary: https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/releases/latest/download/uncloudd_linux_amd64.tar.gz
+✓ uncloudd binary installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloudd
+⏳ Downloading uninstall script: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psviderski/uncloud/refs/heads/main/scripts/uninstall.sh
+✓ uncloud-uninstall script installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloud-uninstall
+✓ Systemd unit file created: /etc/systemd/system/uncloud.service
+Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/uncloud.service → /etc/systemd/system/uncloud.service.
+⏳ Downloading uncloud-corrosion binary: https://github.com/psviderski/corrosion/releases/latest/download/corrosion-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz
+✓ uncloud-corrosion binary installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloud-corrosion
+✓ Systemd unit file created: /etc/systemd/system/uncloud-corrosion.service
+⏳ Starting Uncloud machine daemon (uncloud.service)...
+✓ Uncloud machine daemon started.
+✓ Uncloud installed on the machine successfully! 🎉
+Machine "hetzner-server" added to cluster
+Waiting for the machine to be ready...
+
+[+] Deploying service caddy 1/1
+ ✔ Container caddy-d36c on hetzner-server  Started                                                                                                                                     1.0s
+
+Updating cluster domain records in Uncloud DNS to point to machines running caddy service...
+[+] Verifying internet access to caddy service 2/2
+ ✔ Machine hetzner-server (5.223.45.199)  Reachable                                                                                                                                    0.2s
+ ✔ Machine oracle-vm (152.67.101.197)     Reachable                                                                                                                                    0.1s
+
+DNS records updated to use only the internet-reachable machines running caddy service:
+  *.xuw3xd.cluster.uncloud.run  A → 152.67.101.197, 5.223.45.199
+
+$ uc machine ls
+NAME             STATE   ADDRESS         PUBLIC IP        WIREGUARD ENDPOINTS
+oracle-vm        Up      10.210.0.1/24   152.67.101.197   10.0.0.95:51820, 152.67.101.197:51820
+hetzner-server   Up      10.210.1.1/24   5.223.45.199     5.223.45.199:51820, [2a01:4ff:2f0:128b::1]:51820
+```
+
+1. The second machine gets provisioned just like the first. A non-root SSH user will need `sudo` access.
+2. Allocates a new subnet `10.210.1.0/24` for the second machine and its containers.
+3. Registers the second machine in the cluster state and exchanges WireGuard keys with the first machine.
+4. Both machines establish a WireGuard tunnel between each other, allowing Docker containers connected to the bridge
+   network to communicate directly across machines.
+5. Configures and starts `corrosion` on the second machine to sync the cluster state.
+6. The second machine is added as an alternative entry point in the cluster config.
+7. If one of the machines goes offline, the other machine can still serve cluster operations.
+
+If one more machine is added, the process repeats with a new subnet. The new machine needs to establish a WireGuard
+connection with only one of the existing machines. Other machines will learn about it through the shared cluster state
+and automatically establish a WireGuard tunnel with it.
+
+**When you run a service:**
+
+```bash
+$ uc run -p app.example.com:8000/https image/my-app
+
+[+] Running service my-app-1b3b (replicated mode) 1/1
+ ✔ Container my-app-1b3b-tcex on oracle-vm  Started
+
+my-app-1b3b endpoints:
+ • https://app.example.com → :8000
+ • https://my-app-1b3b.xuw3xd.cluster.uncloud.run → :8000
+```
+
+1. CLI picks a machine to run your container.
+2. `uncloudd` that the CLI communicates with uses [`grpc-proxy`](https://github.com/siderolabs/grpc-proxy) to forward
+   the request to the target machine to launch a container there.
+3. `uncloudd` on the target machine starts the Docker container in the bridge network and stores its info in the
+   cluster's distributed state.
+4. The container gets a cluster-unique IP address from the bridge network (in the `10.210.X.2-254` range) and becomes
+   accessible from other machines in the cluster.
+5. Caddy reverse proxy which runs in [`global`](https://github.com/compose-spec/compose-spec/blob/main/deploy.md#mode)
+   mode on each machine watches the cluster state for new services and updates its configuration to route traffic to the
+   new container.
+
+Look ma, no control plane or master nodes to maintain! Just a simple overlay network and eventually consistent state
+sync that lets machines work together. Want to check on things or make changes? Connect to any machine either implicitly
+using the CLI or directly over SSH. They all have the complete cluster state and can control everything. It's like each
+machine is a full backup of your control plane.
+</details>
+
+## 🏗 Project status
+
+Uncloud is currently in active development and is **not ready for production use**. Features may change significantly
+and there may be breaking changes between releases.
+
+We'd love your input! Here's how you can contribute:
+
+* 🐛 Found a bug? [Open an issue](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/issues)
+* 💡 Have questions, ideas, or need help?
+    * Start a discussion or join an existing one in
+      the [Discussions](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/discussions).
+    * Join our [Discord community](https://discord.gg/eR35KQJhPu) where we discuss features, roadmap, implementation
+      details, and help each other out.
+
+## 🙏 Inspiration & Acknowledgements
+
+I'm grateful to the following projects that inspired Uncloud's design and implementation:
+
+* [Kamal](https://kamal-deploy.org/) — for proving that even in the declarative era of Kubernetes there is a place for
+  simple deployment tools that use imperative commands without complex orchestration. Kamal powers the multi-billion
+  dollar company [37signals](https://37signals.com/) where it was created, and that's truly inspiring!
+* [Fly.io](https://fly.io/) — for inspiring my vision for what self-hosted infrastructure should feel like, proving that
+  developer experience and powerful infrastructure can coexist beautifully.
+* [Tailscale](https://tailscale.com/) — for pioneering the vision of decentralised flat mesh networking with an amazing
+  user experience that feels like magic.
+* [Talos Linux](https://github.com/siderolabs/talos)
+  and [KubeSpan](https://www.talos.dev/v1.10/talos-guides/network/kubespan/) — for the machine API design using
+  [grpc-proxy](https://github.com/siderolabs/grpc-proxy) and for its elegant approach to secure WireGuard-based overlay
+  networking with zero configuration.
+* [Docker Swarm Classic](https://github.com/docker-archive/classicswarm) and
+  [Rancher 1.x](http://rancher-com-website-main-elb-elb-1798790864.us-west-2.elb.amazonaws.com/docs/rancher/v1.6/en/)
+  — for showing the power of simplicity and pragmatism in container orchestration and that not every problem needs the
+  complexity of Kubernetes.
+
+Special thanks to the [Corrosion](https://github.com/superfly/corrosion) project by Fly.io for providing the distributed
+SQLite database used to share Uncloud's cluster state.
+
+## 📫 Stay updated
+
+* Join our [Discord server](https://discord.gg/eR35KQJhPu) for real-time discussions, support, and updates.
+* Follow [@psviderski](https://x.com/psviderski) on X/Twitter.
+* Subscribe to [my newsletter](https://uncloud.run/#subscribe) to follow the progress, get early insights into new
+  features, and be the first to know when it's ready for production use.
+* Watch this repository for releases.
+
+## ❤️ Contributors
+
+Thank you [@cedws](https://github.com/cedws) for being the first contributor to Uncloud! 🎉
+
+<a href="https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/graphs/contributors">
+  <img src="https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=psviderski/uncloud" />
+</a>

cmd/ucind/cluster/create.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package cluster
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/ucind"
+)
+
+func NewCreateCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := ucind.CreateClusterOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "create [NAME]",
+		Short: "Create a new cluster.",
+		Args:  cobra.MaximumNArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			p := cmd.Context().Value("provisioner").(*ucind.Provisioner)
+
+			name := DefaultClusterName
+			if len(args) > 0 {
+				name = args[0]
+			}
+
+			if _, err := p.CreateCluster(cmd.Context(), name, opts); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("create cluster '%s': %w", name, err)
+			}
+			fmt.Printf("Cluster '%s' created.\n", name)
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().IntVarP(&opts.Machines, "machines", "m", 1, "Number of machines to create.")
+
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/ucind/cluster/remove.go

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package cluster
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/ucind"
+)
+
+func NewRemoveCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "rm [NAME]",
+		Short: "Remove a cluster.",
+		Args:  cobra.MaximumNArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			p := cmd.Context().Value("provisioner").(*ucind.Provisioner)
+
+			name := DefaultClusterName
+			if len(args) > 0 {
+				name = args[0]
+			}
+
+			if err := p.RemoveCluster(cmd.Context(), name); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("remove cluster '%s': %w", name, err)
+			}
+			fmt.Printf("Cluster '%s' removed.\n", name)
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/ucind/cluster/root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package cluster
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+const DefaultClusterName = "ucind-default"
+
+func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "cluster",
+		Short: "Manage local Docker-based clusters.",
+	}
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewCreateCommand(),
+		//NewListCommand(),
+		NewRemoveCommand(),
+	)
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/ucind/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/ucind/cluster"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/ucind"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	var configPath string
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "ucind",
+		Short: "A CLI tool for running Uncloud test clusters using Docker.",
+		Long: "A CLI tool for running Uncloud test clusters using Docker.\n" +
+			"Machines in a ucind cluster are Docker containers running a ucind image. All machines within a cluster " +
+			"are connected to the same Docker network.",
+		SilenceUsage:  true,
+		SilenceErrors: true,
+		PersistentPreRunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			cli, err := client.NewClientWithOpts(client.FromEnv, client.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("create Docker client: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			if strings.HasPrefix(configPath, "~/") {
+				home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+				if err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("get user home directory to resolve %q: %w", configPath, err)
+				}
+				configPath = strings.Replace(configPath, "~", home, 1)
+			}
+			configUpdater := ucind.NewConfigUpdater(configPath)
+
+			p := ucind.NewProvisioner(cli, configUpdater)
+			// Persist the provisioner in the context so it can be used by subcommands.
+			cmd.SetContext(context.WithValue(cmd.Context(), "provisioner", p))
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	// TODO: allow to override using UNCLOUD_CONFIG env var.
+	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&configPath, "uncloud-config", "~/.config/uncloud/config.yaml",
+		"path to the Uncloud configuration file.")
+	_ = cmd.MarkPersistentFlagFilename("uncloud-config", "yaml", "yml")
+
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		cluster.NewRootCommand(),
+	)
+	cobra.CheckErr(cmd.Execute())
+}

cmd/uncloud/build.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	composecli "github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/compose"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// NewBuildCommand creates a new command to build services from a Compose file.
+func NewBuildCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := cli.BuildOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "build [FLAGS] [SERVICE...]",
+		Short: "Build services from a Compose file.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+
+			if len(args) > 0 {
+				opts.Services = args
+			}
+
+			return runBuild(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.Files, "file", "f", nil,
+		"One or more Compose files to build (default compose.yaml)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.Profiles, "profile", "p", nil,
+		"One or more Compose profiles to enable.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.Push, "push", "P", false,
+		"Push built images to the registry after building. (default false)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.NoCache, "no-cache", "n", false,
+		"Do not use cache when building images. (default false)")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+// TODO: deduplicate with a similar functino for deploy options
+// projectOpts returns the project options for the Compose file(s).
+func projectOptsFromBuildOpts(opts cli.BuildOptions) []composecli.ProjectOptionsFn {
+	projectOpts := []composecli.ProjectOptionsFn{}
+
+	if len(opts.Profiles) > 0 {
+		projectOpts = append(projectOpts, composecli.WithDefaultProfiles(opts.Profiles...))
+	}
+
+	return projectOpts
+}
+
+// runBuild parses the Compose file(s), builds the services, and pushes them if requested.
+func runBuild(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts cli.BuildOptions) error {
+	projectOpts := projectOptsFromBuildOpts(opts)
+	project, err := compose.LoadProject(ctx, opts.Files, projectOpts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("load compose file(s): %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(opts.Services) > 0 {
+		project, err = project.WithSelectedServices(opts.Services)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("select services: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	servicesToBuild := cli.GetServicesThatNeedBuild(project)
+
+	if len(servicesToBuild) == 0 {
+		fmt.Println("No services to build.")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return cli.BuildServices(ctx, servicesToBuild, opts)
+}

cmd/uncloud/caddy/deploy.go

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+package caddy
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"maps"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/streams"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type deployOptions struct {
+	image    string
+	machines []string
+	context  string
+}
+
+func NewDeployCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := deployOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "deploy",
+		Short: "Deploy or upgrade Caddy reverse proxy across all machines in the cluster.",
+		Long: "Deploy or upgrade Caddy reverse proxy across all machines in the cluster.\n" +
+			"A rolling update is performed when updating existing containers to minimise disruption.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return runDeploy(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.image, "image", "",
+		"Caddy Docker image to deploy. (default caddy:LATEST_VERSION)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
+		"Machine names to deploy to. Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated "+
+			"list of machine names. (default is all machines)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context to deploy to. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func runDeploy(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts deployOptions) error {
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	svc, err := clusterClient.InspectService(ctx, client.CaddyServiceName)
+	if err != nil {
+		if !errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("inspect caddy service: %w", err)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Service: %s (not running)\n", client.CaddyServiceName)
+	} else {
+		fmt.Printf("Service: %s (%s mode)\n", svc.Name, svc.Mode)
+
+		// Collect unique images of all containers in the running caddy service.
+		images := make(map[string]struct{}, len(svc.Containers))
+		for _, c := range svc.Containers {
+			images[c.Container.Config.Image] = struct{}{}
+		}
+		currentImages := slices.Collect(maps.Keys(images))
+
+		if len(currentImages) > 1 {
+			commaSeparatedImages := strings.Join(currentImages, ", ")
+			fmt.Printf("Current images (multiple versions detected): %s\n", commaSeparatedImages)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Printf("Current image: %s\n", currentImages[0])
+		}
+	}
+
+	if opts.image != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Target image: %s\n", opts.image)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Println("Preparing a deployment plan...")
+
+	placement := api.Placement{
+		Machines: cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.machines),
+	}
+	d, err := clusterClient.NewCaddyDeployment(opts.image, placement)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create caddy deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if opts.image == "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Target image: %s (latest stable)\n", d.Spec.Container.Image)
+	}
+
+	plan, err := d.Plan(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("plan caddy deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(plan.Operations) == 0 {
+		fmt.Printf("%s service is up to date.\n", client.CaddyServiceName)
+	} else {
+		if svc.ID == "" {
+			if len(opts.machines) > 0 {
+				fmt.Println("This will run a Caddy container on each selected machine.")
+			} else {
+				fmt.Println("This will run a Caddy container on each machine.")
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Initialise a machine and container name resolver to properly format the plan output.
+		resolver, err := clusterClient.ServiceOperationNameResolver(ctx, svc)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create machine and container name resolver for service operations: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println()
+		fmt.Println("Deployment plan:")
+		fmt.Println(plan.Format(resolver))
+		fmt.Println()
+
+		confirmed, err := cli.Confirm()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("confirm deployment: %w", err)
+		}
+		if !confirmed {
+			fmt.Println("Cancelled. No changes were made.")
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			if _, err = d.Run(ctx); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("deploy caddy: %w", err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}, uncli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Deploying service %s (%s mode)", d.Spec.Name, d.Spec.Mode))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println()
+	return UpdateDomainRecords(ctx, clusterClient, uncli.ProgressOut())
+}
+
+func UpdateDomainRecords(ctx context.Context, clusterClient *client.Client, progressOut *streams.Out) error {
+	domain, err := clusterClient.GetDomain(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			fmt.Println("Skipping DNS records update as no cluster domain is reserved (see 'uc dns').")
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("get cluster domain: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("Updating cluster domain records in Uncloud DNS to point to machines running caddy service...")
+	// TODO: split the method into two: one to get the records and one to update them to ask for update confirmation.
+
+	var records []*pb.DNSRecord
+	err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		var err error
+		records, err = clusterClient.CreateIngressRecords(ctx, client.CaddyServiceName)
+		return err
+	}, progressOut, "Verifying internet access to caddy service")
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, client.ErrNoReachableMachines) {
+			fmt.Println()
+			fmt.Printf("DNS records for domain '%s' could not be updated as there are no internet-reachable "+
+				"machines running caddy containers.\n", domain)
+			fmt.Println()
+			fmt.Println("Possible solutions:")
+			fmt.Println("- Ensure your machines have public IP addresses")
+			fmt.Println("- Use --public-ip flag when adding machines to override the automatically detected IPs")
+			fmt.Println("- Check firewall settings on your machines")
+			fmt.Println("- Configure port forwarding if behind NAT")
+			fmt.Println("- Retry Caddy deployment with 'uc caddy deploy' after resolving connectivity issues")
+			fmt.Println()
+			fmt.Println("Your services won't be accessible from the internet until at least one machine " +
+				"becomes reachable. If you aren't planning to expose any services publicly, you can release " +
+				"the domain by running 'uc dns release'.")
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to update DNS records pointing to caddy service: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Println("DNS records updated to use only the internet-reachable machines running caddy service:")
+	for _, r := range records {
+		fmt.Printf("  %s  %s → %s\n", r.Name, r.Type, strings.Join(r.Values, ", "))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/caddy/root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package caddy
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "caddy",
+		Short: "Manage Caddy reverse proxy service.",
+	}
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewDeployCommand(),
+	)
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/uncloud/context/ls.go

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package context
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"maps"
+	"os"
+	"slices"
+	"text/tabwriter"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	var clusterContext string
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "ls",
+		Aliases: []string{"list"},
+		Short:   "List available cluster contexts.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return list(uncli)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&clusterContext, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func list(uncli *cli.CLI) error {
+	if uncli.Config == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("context management is not available: Uncloud configuration file is not being used")
+	}
+
+	if len(uncli.Config.Contexts) == 0 {
+		fmt.Println("No contexts found")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	contextNames := slices.Sorted(maps.Keys(uncli.Config.Contexts))
+	currentContext := uncli.Config.CurrentContext
+
+	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
+	fmt.Fprintln(tw, "NAME\tCURRENT\tCONNECTIONS")
+
+	for _, name := range contextNames {
+		current := ""
+		if name == currentContext {
+			current = "*"
+		}
+		connCount := len(uncli.Config.Contexts[name].Connections)
+		fmt.Fprintf(tw, "%s\t%s\t%d\n", name, current, connCount)
+	}
+
+	return tw.Flush()
+}

cmd/uncloud/context/root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package context
+
+import (
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "ctx",
+		Aliases: []string{"context"},
+		Short:   "Switch between different cluster contexts. Contains subcommands to manage contexts.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return selectContext(uncli)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewListCommand(),
+		NewUseCommand(),
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/uncloud/context/use.go

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+package context
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"maps"
+	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewUseCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "use [CONTEXT]",
+		Short: "Switch to a different cluster context.",
+		Long: "Switch to a different cluster context. If no context is provided, " +
+			"a list of available contexts will be displayed for selection.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+
+			if len(args) == 1 {
+				if err := uncli.SetCurrentContext(args[0]); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("failed to set the current cluster context to '%s': %w", args[0], err)
+				}
+				fmt.Printf("Current cluster context is now '%s'.\n", args[0])
+				return nil
+			}
+
+			return selectContext(uncli)
+		},
+	}
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func selectContext(uncli *cli.CLI) error {
+	if uncli.Config == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("context management is not available: Uncloud configuration file is not being used")
+	}
+	if len(uncli.Config.Contexts) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no contexts found in Uncloud config (%s)", uncli.Config.Path())
+	}
+
+	contextNames := slices.Sorted(maps.Keys(uncli.Config.Contexts))
+
+	var selected string
+	form := huh.NewForm(
+		huh.NewGroup(
+			huh.NewSelect[string]().
+				Title("Select a cluster context").
+				Options(buildContextOptions(contextNames, uncli.Config.CurrentContext)...).
+				Value(&selected),
+		),
+	)
+	if err := form.Run(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("select cluster context: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := uncli.SetCurrentContext(selected); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("set current cluster context: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Current cluster context is now '%s'.\n", selected)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func buildContextOptions(contexts []string, current string) []huh.Option[string] {
+	options := make([]huh.Option[string], len(contexts))
+
+	for i, ctx := range contexts {
+		opt := huh.NewOption(ctx, ctx)
+		if ctx == current {
+			opt.Key += " (current)"
+			opt = opt.Selected(true)
+		}
+
+		options[i] = opt
+	}
+
+	return options
+}

cmd/uncloud/deploy.go

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	composecli "github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/cli"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/compose"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/deploy"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type deployOptions struct {
+	files    []string
+	profiles []string
+	services []string
+	noBuild  bool
+
+	context string
+}
+
+// NewDeployCommand creates a new command to deploy services from a Compose file.
+func NewDeployCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := deployOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "deploy [FLAGS] [SERVICE...]",
+		Short: "Deploy services from a Compose file.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+
+			if len(args) > 0 {
+				opts.services = args
+			}
+
+			return runDeploy(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.files, "file", "f", nil,
+		"One or more Compose files to deploy services from. (default compose.yaml)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.profiles, "profile", "p", nil,
+		"One or more Compose profiles to enable.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context to deploy to (default is the current context)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.noBuild, "no-build", "n", false,
+		"Do not build images before deploying services. (default false)")
+
+	// TODO: Consider adding a filter flag to specify which machines to deploy to but keep the rest running.
+	//  Could be useful to test a new version on a subset of machines before rolling out to all.
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+// projectOpts returns the project options for the Compose file(s).
+func projectOpts(opts deployOptions) []composecli.ProjectOptionsFn {
+	projectOpts := []composecli.ProjectOptionsFn{}
+
+	if len(opts.profiles) > 0 {
+		projectOpts = append(projectOpts, composecli.WithDefaultProfiles(opts.profiles...))
+	}
+
+	return projectOpts
+}
+
+// runDeploy parses the Compose file(s) and deploys the services.
+func runDeploy(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts deployOptions) error {
+	projectOpts := projectOpts(opts)
+
+	project, err := compose.LoadProject(ctx, opts.files, projectOpts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("load compose file(s): %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(opts.services) > 0 {
+		// Includes service dependencies by default. This is the default docker compose behavior.
+		project, err = project.WithSelectedServices(opts.services)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("select services: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	servicesToBuild := cli.GetServicesThatNeedBuild(project)
+
+	if len(servicesToBuild) > 0 {
+		if opts.noBuild {
+			fmt.Println("Not building services as requested.")
+		} else {
+			buildOpts := cli.BuildOptions{
+				Push:    true,
+				NoCache: false,
+			}
+
+			if err := cli.BuildServices(ctx, servicesToBuild, buildOpts); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("build services: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	composeDeploy, err := compose.NewDeployment(ctx, clusterClient, project)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create compose deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	plan, err := composeDeploy.Plan(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("plan deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(plan.Operations) == 0 {
+		fmt.Println("Services are up to date.")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("Deployment plan:")
+	if err = printPlan(ctx, clusterClient, plan); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("print deployment plan: %w", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	confirmed, err := cli.Confirm()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("confirm deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+	if !confirmed {
+		fmt.Println("Cancelled. No changes were made.")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		if err := plan.Execute(ctx, clusterClient); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("deploy services: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}, uncli.ProgressOut(), "Deploying services")
+}
+
+func printPlan(ctx context.Context, cli *client.Client, plan deploy.SequenceOperation) error {
+	for _, op := range plan.Operations {
+		svcPlan, ok := op.(*deploy.Plan)
+		if !ok {
+			fmt.Println("- " + op.Format(nil))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		svc, err := cli.InspectService(ctx, svcPlan.ServiceID)
+		if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("inspect service: %w", err)
+		}
+		// Initialise a machine and container name resolver to properly format the service plan output.
+		resolver, err := cli.ServiceOperationNameResolver(ctx, svc)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create machine and container name resolver for service operations: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("- Deploy service [name=%s]\n", svcPlan.ServiceName)
+		fmt.Println(indent(svcPlan.Format(resolver), "  "))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func indent(text, prefix string) string {
+	lines := strings.Split(text, "\n")
+	for i, line := range lines {
+		lines[i] = prefix + line
+	}
+	return strings.Join(lines, "\n")
+}

cmd/uncloud/dns/release.go

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package dns
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
+)
+
+type releaseOptions struct {
+	context string
+}
+
+func NewReleaseCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := releaseOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "release",
+		Short: "Release the reserved cluster domain.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return release(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func release(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts releaseOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	domain, err := client.ReleaseDomain(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
+	if err != nil {
+		if status.Convert(err).Code() == codes.NotFound {
+			return errors.New("no domain reserved")
+		}
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Released cluster domain: %s\n", domain.Name)
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/dns/reserve.go

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+package dns
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/caddy"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+)
+
+const DefaultUncloudDNSAPIEndpoint = "https://dns.uncloud.run/v1"
+
+type reserveOptions struct {
+	endpoint string
+	context  string
+}
+
+func NewReserveCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := reserveOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "reserve",
+		Short: "Reserve a cluster domain in Uncloud DNS.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return reserve(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.endpoint, "endpoint", DefaultUncloudDNSAPIEndpoint,
+		"API endpoint for the Uncloud DNS service.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func reserve(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts reserveOptions) error {
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	domain, err := clusterClient.ReserveDomain(ctx, &pb.ReserveDomainRequest{Endpoint: opts.endpoint})
+	if err != nil {
+		if status.Convert(err).Code() == codes.AlreadyExists {
+			return errors.New("domain already reserved")
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Reserved cluster domain: %s\n", domain.Name)
+
+	// Update cluster domain records in Uncloud DNS to point to machines running caddy service if it has been deployed.
+	if _, err = clusterClient.InspectService(ctx, client.CaddyServiceName); err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			fmt.Println("Deploy the Caddy reverse proxy service ('uc caddy deploy') to enable internet access " +
+				"to your services via the reserved or your custom domain.")
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("inspect caddy service: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return caddy.UpdateDomainRecords(ctx, clusterClient, uncli.ProgressOut())
+}

cmd/uncloud/dns/root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package dns
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "dns",
+		Short: "Manage cluster domain in Uncloud DNS.",
+		Long: "Manage cluster domain in Uncloud DNS.\n" +
+			"DNS commands allow you to reserve or release a unique '<id>.cluster.uncloud.run' domain for your " +
+			"cluster. When reserved, Caddy service deployments will automatically update DNS records to route " +
+			"traffic to the services in the cluster.",
+	}
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewReleaseCommand(),
+		NewReserveCommand(),
+		NewShowCommand(),
+	)
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/uncloud/dns/show.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package dns
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type showOptions struct {
+	context string
+}
+
+func NewShowCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := showOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "show",
+		Short: "Print the cluster domain name.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return show(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func show(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts showOptions) error {
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	domain, err := clusterClient.GetDomain(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			return errors.New("no domain reserved")
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println(domain)
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/machine/add.go

@@ -1,16 +1,31 @@
 package machine
 
 import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/caddy"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 )
 
 type addOptions struct {
-	name    string
-	sshKey  string
-	cluster string
+	name     string
+	noCaddy  bool
+	publicIP string
+	sshKey   string
+	context  string
+	version  string
 }
 
 func NewAddCommand() *cobra.Command {
@@ -33,17 +48,140 @@ func NewAddCommand() *cobra.Command {
 				KeyPath: opts.sshKey,
 			}
 
-			return uncli.AddMachine(cmd.Context(), remoteMachine, opts.cluster, opts.name)
+			return add(cmd.Context(), uncli, remoteMachine, opts)
 		},
 	}
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.name, "name", "n", "", "Assign a name to the machine")
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.sshKey, "ssh-key", "i", "",
-		"path to SSH private key for SSH remote login (default ~/.ssh/id_*)",
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.name, "name", "n", "", "Assign a name to the machine.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(
+		&opts.noCaddy, "no-caddy", false,
+		"Don't deploy Caddy reverse proxy service to the machine.",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
+		&opts.publicIP, "public-ip", "auto",
+		"Public IP address of the machine for ingress configuration. Use 'auto' for automatic detection, "+
+			"blank '' or 'none' to disable ingress on this machine, or specify an IP address.",
 	)
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.cluster, "cluster", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster to add the machine to (default is the current cluster)",
+		&opts.sshKey, "ssh-key", "i", "~/.ssh/id_ed25519",
+		"Path to SSH private key for remote login (if not already added to SSH agent).",
 	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
+		&opts.version, "version", "latest",
+		"Version of the Uncloud daemon to install on the machine.",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context to add the machine to. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
 	return cmd
 }
+
+func add(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, remoteMachine cli.RemoteMachine, opts addOptions) error {
+	var publicIP *netip.Addr
+	switch opts.publicIP {
+	case "auto":
+		publicIP = &netip.Addr{}
+	case "", "none":
+		publicIP = nil
+	default:
+		ip, err := netip.ParseAddr(opts.publicIP)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parse public IP: %w", err)
+		}
+		publicIP = &ip
+	}
+
+	clusterClient, machineClient, err := uncli.AddMachine(ctx, cli.AddMachineOptions{
+		Context:       opts.context,
+		MachineName:   opts.name,
+		PublicIP:      publicIP,
+		RemoteMachine: remoteMachine,
+		Version:       opts.version,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+	defer machineClient.Close()
+
+	if opts.noCaddy {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Wait for the cluster to be initialised to be able to deploy the Caddy service.
+	fmt.Println("Waiting for the machine to be ready...")
+	fmt.Println()
+	if err = waitClusterInitialised(ctx, machineClient); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("wait for cluster to be initialised on machine: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Deploy a Caddy service container to the added machine. If caddy service is already deployed on other machines,
+	// use the deployed image version. Otherwise, use the latest version.
+	// NOTE: We use the cluster client to inspect and scale the Caddy service because the newly added machine may have
+	// issues accessing the Machine API of existing machines in the cluster.
+	// See the issue for more details: https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/issues/65.
+	caddyImage := ""
+	caddySvc, err := clusterClient.InspectService(ctx, client.CaddyServiceName)
+	if err != nil {
+		if !errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("inspect caddy service: %w", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		caddyImage = caddySvc.Containers[0].Container.Config.Image
+		// Find the latest created container and use its image.
+		var latestCreated time.Time
+		for _, c := range caddySvc.Containers[1:] {
+			created, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, c.Container.Created)
+			if err != nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			if created.After(latestCreated) {
+				latestCreated = created
+				caddyImage = c.Container.Config.Image
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// TODO: scale the existing Caddy service to the new machine instead of running a new deployment
+	//  that may cause a small downtime.
+	d, err := clusterClient.NewCaddyDeployment(caddyImage, api.Placement{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create caddy deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		if _, err = d.Run(ctx); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("deploy caddy: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}, uncli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Deploying service %s", d.Spec.Name))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println()
+	return caddy.UpdateDomainRecords(ctx, machineClient, uncli.ProgressOut())
+}
+
+func waitClusterInitialised(ctx context.Context, client *client.Client) error {
+	boff := backoff.WithContext(backoff.NewExponentialBackOff(
+		backoff.WithMaxInterval(1*time.Second),
+		backoff.WithMaxElapsedTime(5*time.Minute),
+	), ctx)
+
+	check := func() error {
+		_, err := client.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
+		if err == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		statusErr := status.Convert(err)
+		if statusErr.Code() == codes.FailedPrecondition {
+			return err
+		}
+		return backoff.Permanent(err)
+	}
+
+	return backoff.Retry(check, boff)
+}

cmd/uncloud/machine/init.go

@@ -1,30 +1,41 @@
 package machine
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"net/netip"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli/config"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/network"
+
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/caddy"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/dns"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/cluster"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 type initOptions struct {
-	name          string
-	network       string
-	userPublicKey string
-
-	sshKey  string
-	cluster string
+	dnsEndpoint string
+	name        string
+	network     string
+	noCaddy     bool
+	noDNS       bool
+	publicIP    string
+	sshKey      string
+	version     string
+	context     string
 }
 
 func NewInitCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	opts := initOptions{}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:  "init [USER@HOST:PORT]",
+		Use:   "init [USER@HOST:PORT]",
+		Short: "Initialise a new cluster with a remote machine as the first member.",
+		// TODO: include usage examples of initialising a remote machine.
+		// TODO: support initialising a cluster on the local machine.
 		Args: cobra.MaximumNArgs(1),
-		// TODO: include usage examples of initialising a local and remote machine.
-		Short: "Initialise a new cluster that consists of the local or remote machine.",
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
 
@@ -41,30 +52,118 @@ func NewInitCommand() *cobra.Command {
 					KeyPath: opts.sshKey,
 				}
 			}
-			netPrefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(opts.network)
-			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("parse network CIDR: %w", err)
-			}
 
-			return uncli.InitCluster(cmd.Context(), remoteMachine, opts.cluster, opts.name, netPrefix)
+			return initCluster(cmd.Context(), uncli, remoteMachine, opts)
 		},
 	}
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.name, "name", "n", "", "Assign a name to the machine")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.dnsEndpoint, "dns-endpoint", dns.DefaultUncloudDNSAPIEndpoint,
+		"API endpoint for the Uncloud DNS service.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.name, "name", "n", "",
+		"Assign a name to the machine.",
+	)
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
-		&opts.network, "network", network.DefaultNetwork.String(),
-		"IPv4 network CIDR to use for machines and services",
+		&opts.network, "network", cluster.DefaultNetwork.String(),
+		"IPv4 network CIDR to use for machines and services.",
 	)
-	//cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.userPublicKey, "user-pubkey", "",
-	//	"User's public key which will be able to access the cluster (hex-encoded)")
-
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.sshKey, "ssh-key", "i", "",
-		"path to SSH private key for SSH remote login (default ~/.ssh/id_*)",
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(
+		&opts.noCaddy, "no-caddy", false,
+		"Don't deploy Caddy reverse proxy service to the machine.",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(
+		&opts.noDNS, "no-dns", false,
+		"Don't reserve a cluster domain in Uncloud DNS.",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
+		&opts.publicIP, "public-ip", "auto",
+		"Public IP address of the machine for ingress configuration. Use 'auto' for automatic detection, "+
+			"blank '' or 'none' to disable ingress on this machine, or specify an IP address.",
 	)
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.cluster, "cluster", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster in the local config if initialising a remote machine",
+		&opts.sshKey, "ssh-key", "i", "~/.ssh/id_ed25519",
+		"Path to SSH private key for remote login (if not already added to SSH agent).",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(
+		&opts.version, "version", "latest",
+		"Version of the Uncloud daemon to install on the machine.",
+	)
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.context, "context", "c", "default",
+		"Name of the created context for the initialised cluster in the Uncloud config.",
 	)
 
 	return cmd
 }
+
+func initCluster(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, remoteMachine *cli.RemoteMachine, opts initOptions) error {
+	netPrefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(opts.network)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("parse network CIDR: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var publicIP *netip.Addr
+	switch opts.publicIP {
+	case "auto":
+		publicIP = &netip.Addr{}
+	case "", "none":
+		publicIP = nil
+	default:
+		ip, err := netip.ParseAddr(opts.publicIP)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parse public IP: %w", err)
+		}
+		publicIP = &ip
+	}
+	client, err := uncli.InitCluster(ctx, cli.InitClusterOptions{
+		Context:       opts.context,
+		MachineName:   opts.name,
+		Network:       netPrefix,
+		PublicIP:      publicIP,
+		RemoteMachine: remoteMachine,
+		Version:       opts.version,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	if opts.noCaddy && opts.noDNS {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Deploy the Caddy service to the initialised machine.
+	// The creation of a deployment plan talks to cluster API. Since the API needs a few moments to become available
+	// after cluster initialisation, we keep the user informed during this wait.
+	fmt.Println("Waiting for the machine to be ready...")
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	if !opts.noDNS {
+		domain, err := client.ReserveDomain(ctx, &pb.ReserveDomainRequest{Endpoint: opts.dnsEndpoint})
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("reserve cluster domain in Uncloud DNS: %w", err)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Reserved cluster domain: %s\n", domain.Name)
+	}
+
+	if !opts.noCaddy {
+		d, err := client.NewCaddyDeployment("", api.Placement{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create caddy deployment: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			if _, err = d.Run(ctx); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("deploy caddy: %w", err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}, uncli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Deploying service %s", d.Spec.Name))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println()
+		return caddy.UpdateDomainRecords(ctx, client, uncli.ProgressOut())
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/machine/list.go

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-package machine
-
-import (
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli"
-)
-
-func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
-	opts := addOptions{}
-	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:     "list",
-		Aliases: []string{"ls"},
-		Short:   "List machines in a cluster",
-		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
-			return uncli.ListMachines(cmd.Context(), opts.cluster)
-		},
-	}
-	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
-		&opts.cluster, "cluster", "c", "",
-		"Name of the cluster (default is the current cluster)",
-	)
-	return cmd
-}

cmd/uncloud/machine/ls.go

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+package machine
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"text/tabwriter"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/network"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	var contextName string
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "ls",
+		Aliases: []string{"list"},
+		Short:   "List machines in a cluster.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli, contextName)
+		},
+	}
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&contextName, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, clusterName string) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, clusterName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	machines, err := client.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Print the list of machines in a table format.
+	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
+	// Print header.
+	if _, err = fmt.Fprintln(tw, "NAME\tSTATE\tADDRESS\tPUBLIC IP\tWIREGUARD ENDPOINTS"); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("write header: %w", err)
+	}
+	// Print rows.
+	for _, member := range machines {
+		m := member.Machine
+		subnet, _ := m.Network.Subnet.ToPrefix()
+		subnet = netip.PrefixFrom(network.MachineIP(subnet), subnet.Bits())
+
+		publicIP := "-"
+		if m.PublicIp != nil {
+			ip, _ := m.PublicIp.ToAddr()
+			publicIP = ip.String()
+		}
+
+		endpoints := make([]string, len(m.Network.Endpoints))
+		for i, ep := range m.Network.Endpoints {
+			addrPort, _ := ep.ToAddrPort()
+			endpoints[i] = addrPort.String()
+		}
+
+		if _, err = fmt.Fprintf(
+			tw, "%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n", m.Name, capitalise(member.State.String()), subnet, publicIP,
+			strings.Join(endpoints, ", "),
+		); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("write row: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return tw.Flush()
+}
+
+// capitalise returns a string where the first character is upper case, and the rest is lower case.
+func capitalise(s string) string {
+	if s == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return strings.ToUpper(s[:1]) + strings.ToLower(s[1:])
+}

cmd/uncloud/machine/rm.go

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+package machine
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"maps"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss/tree"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type removeOptions struct {
+	force   bool
+	yes     bool
+	context string
+}
+
+func NewRmCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := removeOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "rm MACHINE",
+		Aliases: []string{"remove", "delete"},
+		Short:   "Remove a machine from a cluster.",
+		Args:    cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return remove(cmd.Context(), uncli, args[0], opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.yes, "yes", "y", false,
+		"Do not prompt for confirmation before removing the machine.")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func remove(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, machineName string, opts removeOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Verify the machine exists and list all service containers on it including stopped ones.
+	listCtx, machines, err := api.ProxyMachinesContext(ctx, client, []string{machineName})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if len(machines) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("machine '%s' not found in the cluster", machineName)
+	}
+	m := machines[0].Machine
+
+	listOpts := container.ListOptions{All: true}
+	machineContainers, err := client.Docker.ListServiceContainers(listCtx, "", listOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list containers: %w", err)
+	}
+	containers := machineContainers[0].Containers
+
+	if len(containers) > 0 {
+		fmt.Printf("Found %d service containers on machine '%s':\n\n", len(containers), m.Name)
+		fmt.Println(formatContainerTree(containers))
+		fmt.Println()
+		fmt.Println("This will remove all service containers on the machine, reset it to the uninitialised state, " +
+			"and remove it from the cluster.")
+	} else {
+		fmt.Printf("No service containers found on machine '%s'.\n", m.Name)
+		fmt.Println("This will reset the machine to the uninitialised state and remove it from the cluster.")
+	}
+
+	if !opts.yes {
+		confirmed, err := cli.Confirm()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("confirm removal: %w", err)
+		}
+		if !confirmed {
+			fmt.Println("Cancelled. Machine was not removed.")
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	// TODO: 3. Remove all service containers on the machine.
+	// TODO: 4. Implement and call ResetMachine via Machine API to reset the machine state to uninitialised.
+	// TODO: 5. Remove the machine from the cluster store.
+
+	fmt.Printf("Machine '%s' removed from the cluster.\n", m.Name)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// formatContainerTree formats a list of containers grouped by service as a tree structure.
+func formatContainerTree(containers []api.ServiceContainer) string {
+	if len(containers) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// Group containers by service.
+	serviceContainers := make(map[string][]api.ServiceContainer)
+	for _, ctr := range containers {
+		serviceName := ctr.ServiceName()
+		serviceContainers[serviceName] = append(serviceContainers[serviceName], ctr)
+	}
+
+	// Build tree output.
+	var output []string
+	serviceNames := slices.Sorted(maps.Keys(serviceContainers))
+	for _, serviceName := range serviceNames {
+		ctrs := serviceContainers[serviceName]
+		mode := ctrs[0].ServiceMode()
+
+		// Format a tree for the service with its containers.
+		plural := ""
+		if len(ctrs) > 1 {
+			plural = "s"
+		}
+		t := tree.Root(fmt.Sprintf("• %s (%s, %d container%s)", serviceName, mode, len(ctrs), plural)).
+			EnumeratorStyle(lipgloss.NewStyle().MarginLeft(2).MarginRight(1))
+
+		// Add containers as children.
+		for _, ctr := range ctrs {
+			state, _ := ctr.HumanState()
+			info := fmt.Sprintf("%s • %s • %s", ctr.Name, ctr.Config.Image, state)
+			t.Child(info)
+		}
+
+		output = append(output, t.String())
+	}
+
+	return strings.Join(output, "\n")
+}

cmd/uncloud/machine/root.go

@@ -6,13 +6,15 @@ import (
 
 func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:   "machine",
-		Short: "Manage machines in an Uncloud cluster.",
+		Use:     "machine",
+		Aliases: []string{"m"},
+		Short:   "Manage machines in an Uncloud cluster.",
 	}
 	cmd.AddCommand(
 		NewAddCommand(),
 		NewInitCommand(),
 		NewListCommand(),
+		NewRmCommand(),
 		NewTokenCommand(),
 	)
 	return cmd

cmd/uncloud/machine/token.go

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ package machine
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"uncloud/internal/daemon"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/daemon"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
 )
 
 type tokenOptions struct {
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func NewTokenCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	}
 
 	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.dataDir, "data-dir", "d", machine.DefaultDataDir,
-		"Directory for storing persistent machine state")
+		"Directory for storing persistent machine state.")
 	_ = cmd.MarkFlagDirname("data-dir")
 
 	return cmd

cmd/uncloud/main.go

@@ -3,44 +3,90 @@ package main
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"os"
+	"net/netip"
 	"strings"
-	"uncloud/cmd/uncloud/machine"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/caddy"
+	cmdcontext "github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/context"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/dns"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/machine"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/service"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/cmd/uncloud/volume"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/fs"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/version"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
+type globalOptions struct {
+	configPath string
+	connect    string
+}
+
 func main() {
-	var configPath string
+	opts := globalOptions{}
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:           "uncloud",
 		Short:         "A CLI tool for managing Uncloud resources such as clusters, machines, and services.",
+		Version:       version.String(),
 		SilenceUsage:  true,
 		SilenceErrors: true,
 		PersistentPreRunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(configPath, "~/") {
-				home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("get user home directory to resolve %q: %w", configPath, err)
+			var conn *config.MachineConnection
+			if opts.connect != "" {
+				if strings.HasPrefix(opts.connect, "tcp://") {
+					addrPort, err := netip.ParseAddrPort(opts.connect[len("tcp://"):])
+					if err != nil {
+						return fmt.Errorf("parse TCP address: %w", err)
+					}
+					conn = &config.MachineConnection{
+						TCP: &addrPort,
+					}
+				} else {
+					dest := opts.connect
+					if strings.HasPrefix(dest, "ssh://") {
+						dest = dest[len("ssh://"):]
+					}
+					conn = &config.MachineConnection{
+						SSH: config.SSHDestination(dest),
+					}
 				}
-				configPath = strings.Replace(configPath, "~", home, 1)
 			}
 
-			uncli, err := cli.New(configPath)
+			configPath := fs.ExpandHomeDir(opts.configPath)
+			uncli, err := cli.New(configPath, conn)
 			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("initialize CLI: %w", err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("initialise CLI: %w", err)
 			}
 			cmd.SetContext(context.WithValue(cmd.Context(), "cli", uncli))
 			return nil
 		},
 	}
+
+	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&opts.connect, "connect", "",
+		"Connect to a remote cluster machine without using the Uncloud configuration file.\n"+
+			"Format: [ssh://]user@host[:port] or tcp://host:port")
 	// TODO: allow to override using UNCLOUD_CONFIG env var.
-	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&configPath, "uncloud-config", "~/.config/uncloud/config.toml",
-		"path to the Uncloud configuration file")
-	_ = cmd.MarkPersistentFlagFilename("uncloud-config", "toml")
+	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&opts.configPath, "uncloud-config", "~/.config/uncloud/config.yaml",
+		"Path to the Uncloud configuration file.")
+	_ = cmd.MarkPersistentFlagFilename("uncloud-config", "yaml", "yml")
+	// TODO: make --context a global flag and pass it as a value of the command context.
 
 	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewDeployCommand(),
+		NewBuildCommand(),
+		caddy.NewRootCommand(),
+		cmdcontext.NewRootCommand(),
+		dns.NewRootCommand(),
 		machine.NewRootCommand(),
+		service.NewRootCommand(),
+		service.NewInspectCommand(),
+		service.NewListCommand(),
+		service.NewRmCommand(),
+		service.NewRunCommand(),
+		service.NewScaleCommand(),
+		volume.NewRootCommand(),
 	)
 	cobra.CheckErr(cmd.Execute())
 }

cmd/uncloud/service/inspect.go

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"text/tabwriter"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/stringid"
+	"github.com/docker/go-units"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type inspectOptions struct {
+	service string
+	cluster string
+}
+
+func NewInspectCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := inspectOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "inspect SERVICE",
+		Short: "Display detailed information on a service.",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			opts.service = args[0]
+			return inspect(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.cluster, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func inspect(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts inspectOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.cluster)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	svc, err := client.InspectService(ctx, opts.service)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("inspect service: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	machines, err := client.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
+	}
+	machinesNamesByID := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, m := range machines {
+		machinesNamesByID[m.Machine.Id] = m.Machine.Name
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("ID:    %s\n", svc.ID)
+	fmt.Printf("Name:  %s\n", svc.Name)
+	fmt.Printf("Mode:  %s\n", svc.Mode)
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	// Print the list of containers in a table format.
+	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
+	if _, err = fmt.Fprintln(tw, "CONTAINER ID\tIMAGE\tCREATED\tSTATUS\tMACHINE"); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("write header: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, ctr := range svc.Containers {
+		createdAt, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, ctr.Container.Created)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parse created time: %w", err)
+		}
+		created := units.HumanDuration(time.Now().UTC().Sub(createdAt)) + " ago"
+
+		machine := machinesNamesByID[ctr.MachineID]
+		if machine == "" {
+			machine = ctr.MachineID
+		}
+		state, err := ctr.Container.HumanState()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("get human state: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		_, err = fmt.Fprintf(
+			tw,
+			"%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n",
+			stringid.TruncateID(ctr.Container.ID),
+			ctr.Container.Config.Image,
+			created,
+			state,
+			machine,
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("write row: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return tw.Flush()
+}

cmd/uncloud/service/ls.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"text/tabwriter"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	// TODO(lhf): rename to context
+	var cluster string
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "ls",
+		Aliases: []string{"list"},
+		Short:   "List services.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli, cluster)
+		},
+	}
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&cluster, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, clusterName string) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, clusterName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	services, err := client.ListServices(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list services: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	serviceNames := make(map[string]struct{}, len(services))
+	haveDuplicateNames := false
+	for _, svc := range services {
+		if _, exists := serviceNames[svc.Name]; exists {
+			haveDuplicateNames = true
+			break
+		}
+		serviceNames[svc.Name] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	// Print the list of services in a table format.
+	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
+
+	// Include the ID column if there are duplicate service names to differentiate them.
+	if haveDuplicateNames {
+		if _, err = fmt.Fprintf(tw, "ID\t"); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("write header: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	if _, err = fmt.Fprintln(tw, "NAME\tMODE\tREPLICAS\tENDPOINTS"); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("write header: %w", err)
+	}
+	for _, s := range services {
+		endpointsSlice := s.Endpoints()
+		endpoints := strings.Join(endpointsSlice, ", ")
+
+		if haveDuplicateNames {
+			if _, err = fmt.Fprintf(tw, "%s\t", s.ID); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("write row: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+		if _, err = fmt.Fprintf(tw, "%s\t%s\t%d\t%s\n", s.Name, s.Mode, len(s.Containers), endpoints); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("write row: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return tw.Flush()
+}

cmd/uncloud/service/rm.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type rmOptions struct {
+	services []string
+	cluster  string
+}
+
+func NewRmCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := rmOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "rm SERVICE [SERVICE...]",
+		Aliases: []string{"remove", "delete"},
+		Short:   "Remove one or more services.",
+		Args:    cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			opts.services = args
+			return rm(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.cluster, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func rm(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts rmOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.cluster)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	for _, s := range opts.services {
+		err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			if err = client.RemoveService(ctx, s); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("remove service '%s': %w", s, err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}, uncli.ProgressOut(), "Removing service "+s)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/service/root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "service",
+		Aliases: []string{"svc"},
+		Short:   "Manage services in an Uncloud cluster.",
+	}
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewInspectCommand(),
+		NewListCommand(),
+		NewRmCommand(),
+		NewRunCommand(),
+		NewScaleCommand(),
+	)
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/uncloud/service/run.go

@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	dockeropts "github.com/docker/cli/opts"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/daemon/names"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/secret"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/deploy"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type runOptions struct {
+	command           []string
+	cpu               dockeropts.NanoCPUs
+	entrypoint        string
+	entrypointChanged bool
+	env               []string
+	image             string
+	machines          []string
+	memory            dockeropts.MemBytes
+	mode              string
+	name              string
+	privileged        bool
+	publish           []string
+	pull              string
+	replicas          uint
+	user              string
+	volumes           []string
+
+	cluster string
+}
+
+func NewRunCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := runOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "run IMAGE [COMMAND...]",
+		Short: "Run a service.",
+		Args:  cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+
+			opts.entrypointChanged = cmd.Flag("entrypoint").Changed
+			opts.image = args[0]
+			if len(args) > 1 {
+				opts.command = args[1:]
+			}
+
+			return run(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().VarP(&opts.cpu, "cpu", "",
+		"Maximum number of CPU cores a service container can use. Fractional values are allowed: "+
+			"0.5 for half a core or 2.25 for two and a quarter cores.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.entrypoint, "entrypoint", "",
+		"Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image. Pass an empty string \"\" to reset it.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.env, "env", "e", nil,
+		"Set an environment variable for service containers. Can be specified multiple times.\n"+
+			"Format: VAR=value or just VAR to use the value from the local environment.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.mode, "mode", api.ServiceModeReplicated,
+		fmt.Sprintf("Replication mode of the service: either '%s' (a specified number of containers across "+
+			"the machines) or '%s' (one container on every machine).",
+			api.ServiceModeReplicated, api.ServiceModeGlobal))
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
+		"Placement constraint by machine names, limiting which machines the service can run on. Can be specified "+
+			"multiple times or as a comma-separated list of machine names. (default is any suitable machine)")
+	cmd.Flags().VarP(&opts.memory, "memory", "",
+		"Maximum amount of memory a service container can use. Value is a positive integer with optional unit suffix "+
+			"(b, k, m, g). Default unit is bytes if no suffix specified.\n"+
+			"Examples: 1073741824, 1024m, 1g (all equal 1 gibibyte)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.name, "name", "n", "",
+		"Assign a name to the service. A random name is generated if not specified.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&opts.privileged, "privileged", false,
+		"Give extended privileges to service containers. This is a security risk and should be used with caution.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.publish, "publish", "p", nil,
+		"Publish a service port to make it accessible outside the cluster. Can be specified multiple times.\n"+
+			"Format: [hostname:][load_balancer_port:]container_port[/protocol] or [host_ip:]:host_port:container_port[/protocol]@host\n"+
+			"Supported protocols: tcp, udp, http, https (default is tcp). If a hostname for http(s) port is not specified\n"+
+			"and a cluster domain is reserved, service-name.cluster-domain will be used as the hostname.\n"+
+			"Examples:\n"+
+			"  -p 8080/https                  Publish port 8080 as HTTPS via reverse proxy with default service-name.cluster-domain hostname\n"+
+			"  -p app.example.com:8080/https  Publish port 8080 as HTTPS via reverse proxy with custom hostname\n"+
+			// TODO: add support for publishing L4 tcp/udp ports.
+			//"  -p 9000:8080                   Publish port 8080 as TCP port 9000 via reverse proxy\n"+
+			"  -p 53:5353/udp@host            Bind UDP port 5353 to host port 53")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&opts.pull, "pull", api.PullPolicyMissing,
+		fmt.Sprintf("Pull image from the registry before running service containers ('%s', '%s', '%s').",
+			api.PullPolicyAlways, api.PullPolicyMissing, api.PullPolicyNever))
+	cmd.Flags().UintVar(&opts.replicas, "replicas", 1,
+		"Number of containers to run for the service. Only valid for a replicated service.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.user, "user", "u", "",
+		"User name or UID and optionally group name or GID used for running the command inside service containers.\n"+
+			"Format: USER[:GROUP] or UID[:GID]. If not specified, the user is set to the default user of the image.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.volumes, "volume", "v", nil,
+		"Mount a data volume or host path into service containers. Service containers will be scheduled on the machine(s) where\n"+
+			"the volume is located. Can be specified multiple times.\n"+
+			"Format: volume_name:/container/path[:ro|volume-nocopy] or /host/path:/container/path[:ro]\n"+
+			"Examples:\n"+
+			"  -v postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data  Mount volume 'postgres-data' to /var/lib/postgresql/data in container\n"+
+			"  -v /data/uploads:/app/uploads         	 Bind mount /data/uploads host directory to /app/uploads in container\n"+
+			"  -v /host/path:/container/path:ro 		 Bind mount a host directory or file as read-only")
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.cluster, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context to run the service in. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func run(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts runOptions) error {
+	spec, err := prepareServiceSpec(opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.cluster)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	var resp api.RunServiceResponse
+	err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		resp, err = clusterClient.RunService(ctx, spec)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("run service: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}, uncli.ProgressOut(), fmt.Sprintf("Running service %s (%s mode)", spec.Name, spec.Mode))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	svc, err := clusterClient.InspectService(ctx, resp.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("inspect service: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	endpoints := svc.Endpoints()
+	if len(endpoints) > 0 {
+		fmt.Println()
+		fmt.Printf("%s endpoints:\n", svc.Name)
+		for _, endpoint := range endpoints {
+			fmt.Printf(" • %s\n", endpoint)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func prepareServiceSpec(opts runOptions) (api.ServiceSpec, error) {
+	var spec api.ServiceSpec
+
+	env, err := parseEnv(opts.env)
+	if err != nil {
+		return spec, err
+	}
+
+	switch opts.mode {
+	case api.ServiceModeReplicated, api.ServiceModeGlobal:
+	default:
+		return spec, fmt.Errorf("invalid replication mode: '%s'", opts.mode)
+	}
+
+	switch opts.pull {
+	case api.PullPolicyAlways, api.PullPolicyMissing, api.PullPolicyNever:
+	default:
+		return spec, fmt.Errorf("invalid pull policy: '%s'", opts.pull)
+	}
+
+	ports := make([]api.PortSpec, len(opts.publish))
+	for i, publishPort := range opts.publish {
+		port, err := api.ParsePortSpec(publishPort)
+		if err != nil {
+			return spec, fmt.Errorf("invalid service port '%s': %w", publishPort, err)
+		}
+		ports[i] = port
+	}
+
+	volumes, mounts, err := parseVolumeFlags(opts.volumes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return spec, err
+	}
+
+	placement := api.Placement{
+		Machines: cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.machines),
+	}
+
+	spec = api.ServiceSpec{
+		Container: api.ContainerSpec{
+			Command:    opts.command,
+			Env:        env,
+			Image:      opts.image,
+			Privileged: opts.privileged,
+			PullPolicy: opts.pull,
+			Resources: api.ContainerResources{
+				CPU:    opts.cpu.Value(),
+				Memory: opts.memory.Value(),
+			},
+			User:         opts.user,
+			VolumeMounts: mounts,
+		},
+		Mode:      opts.mode,
+		Name:      opts.name,
+		Placement: placement,
+		Ports:     ports,
+		Replicas:  opts.replicas,
+		Volumes:   volumes,
+	}
+
+	// Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image or reset it if an empty string is passed.
+	if opts.entrypoint != "" {
+		spec.Container.Entrypoint = []string{opts.entrypoint}
+	} else if opts.entrypointChanged {
+		spec.Container.Entrypoint = []string{""}
+	}
+
+	if err = spec.Validate(); err != nil {
+		return spec, fmt.Errorf("invalid service configuration: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Generate a service name if not specified to be able to include it in the progress title.
+	if spec.Name == "" {
+		spec.Name, err = deploy.GenerateServiceName(spec.Container.Image)
+		if err != nil {
+			return spec, fmt.Errorf("generate service name: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return spec, err
+}
+
+// parseEnv parses the environment variables from the command line arguments.
+// It supports two formats: "VAR=value" or just "VAR" to use the value from the local environment.
+func parseEnv(env []string) (api.EnvVars, error) {
+	envVars := make(api.EnvVars)
+	for _, e := range env {
+		key, value, hasValue := strings.Cut(e, "=")
+		if key == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid environment variable: '%s'", e)
+		}
+
+		if hasValue {
+			envVars[key] = value
+		} else {
+			if localEnvValue, ok := os.LookupEnv(key); ok {
+				envVars[key] = localEnvValue
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return envVars, nil
+}
+
+// parseVolumeFlags parses volume flag values in Docker CLI format and returns VolumeSpecs and VolumeMounts.
+// It handles both named volumes (volume_name:/container/path[:ro|volume-nocopy])
+// and bind mounts (/host/path:/container/path[:ro]).
+func parseVolumeFlags(volumes []string) ([]api.VolumeSpec, []api.VolumeMount, error) {
+	specs := make([]api.VolumeSpec, 0, len(volumes))
+	mounts := make([]api.VolumeMount, 0, len(volumes))
+
+	// Track volume names to avoid duplicate specs.
+	seenVolumes := make(map[string]struct{})
+
+	for _, vol := range volumes {
+		spec, mount, err := parseVolumeFlagValue(vol)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid volume mount '%s': %w", vol, err)
+		}
+
+		if _, ok := seenVolumes[spec.Name]; !ok {
+			specs = append(specs, spec)
+			seenVolumes[spec.Name] = struct{}{}
+		}
+
+		mounts = append(mounts, mount)
+	}
+
+	return specs, mounts, nil
+}
+
+func parseVolumeFlagValue(volume string) (api.VolumeSpec, api.VolumeMount, error) {
+	var spec api.VolumeSpec
+	var mount api.VolumeMount
+
+	parts := strings.Split(volume, ":")
+	switch len(parts) {
+	case 1:
+		return spec, mount, fmt.Errorf("invalid format, must contain at least one separator ':'")
+	case 2, 3:
+		// Format: (volume_name|/host/path):/container/path[:opts]
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(parts[1], "/") {
+			return spec, mount, fmt.Errorf("invalid container mount path: '%s', must be absolute path", parts[1])
+		}
+
+		mount.ContainerPath = parts[1]
+		volumeNoCopy := false
+
+		if len(parts) == 3 {
+			opts := strings.Split(parts[2], ",")
+			for _, opt := range opts {
+				switch opt {
+				case "ro", "readonly":
+					mount.ReadOnly = true
+				case "volume-nocopy":
+					volumeNoCopy = true
+				default:
+					return spec, mount, fmt.Errorf("invalid option: '%s'", opt)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if strings.HasPrefix(parts[0], "/") {
+			// Host path bind mount: /host/path:/container/path
+			suffix, err := secret.RandomAlphaNumeric(4)
+			if err != nil {
+				return spec, mount, fmt.Errorf("generate random suffix: %w", err)
+			}
+
+			spec = api.VolumeSpec{
+				Name: "bind-" + suffix,
+				Type: api.VolumeTypeBind,
+				BindOptions: &api.BindOptions{
+					HostPath:       parts[0],
+					CreateHostPath: true,
+				},
+			}
+		} else {
+			// Named volume mount: volume_name:/container/path
+			volumeName := parts[0]
+			if !names.RestrictedNamePattern.MatchString(volumeName) {
+				return spec, mount, fmt.Errorf("volume name '%s' includes invalid characters, only '%s' are allowed. "+
+					"If you intended to pass a host directory or file, use absolute path",
+					volumeName, names.RestrictedNameChars)
+			}
+
+			spec = api.VolumeSpec{
+				Name: volumeName,
+				Type: api.VolumeTypeVolume,
+				VolumeOptions: &api.VolumeOptions{
+					Name:   volumeName,
+					NoCopy: volumeNoCopy,
+				},
+			}
+		}
+
+		mount.VolumeName = spec.Name
+	default:
+		return spec, mount, fmt.Errorf("invalid format, must container at most 2 separators ':'")
+	}
+
+	return spec, mount, nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/service/scale.go

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
+	"github.com/docker/compose/v2/pkg/progress"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type scaleOptions struct {
+	service  string
+	replicas uint
+	cluster  string
+}
+
+func NewScaleCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := scaleOptions{}
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "scale SERVICE REPLICAS",
+		Short: "Scale a replicated service by changing the number of replicas.",
+		Long:  "Scale a replicated service by changing the number of replicas. Scaling down requires confirmation.",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+
+			opts.service = args[0]
+			replicas, err := strconv.ParseUint(args[1], 10, 0)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid number of replicas: %w", err)
+			}
+			opts.replicas = uint(replicas)
+
+			return scale(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(
+		&opts.cluster, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)",
+	)
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func scale(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts scaleOptions) error {
+	if opts.replicas == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf(
+			"scaling to zero replicas is not supported. This would effectively remove the service without preserving "+
+				"its configuration, making it impossible to scale back up. Uncloud derives the service configuration "+
+				"from existing containers. Use 'uc rm %s' instead if you want to remove the service",
+			opts.service,
+		)
+	}
+
+	clusterClient, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.cluster)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer clusterClient.Close()
+
+	svc, err := clusterClient.InspectService(ctx, opts.service)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("inspect service '%s': %w", opts.service, err)
+	}
+
+	if svc.Mode != api.ServiceModeReplicated {
+		return fmt.Errorf("scaling is only supported for services in %s mode, service '%s' is in %s mode",
+			api.ServiceModeReplicated, svc.Name, svc.Mode)
+	}
+
+	currentReplicas := uint(len(svc.Containers))
+
+	if currentReplicas == opts.replicas {
+		fmt.Printf("Service '%s' already has %d replicas. No changes required.\n", svc.Name, currentReplicas)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// TODO: Check if all containers have the same spec. If not, prompt user to choose which one to scale.
+	//  This can happen if a service deployment failed midway and some containers were not updated.
+	spec := svc.Containers[0].Container.ServiceSpec
+	spec.Replicas = opts.replicas
+	deployment := clusterClient.NewDeployment(spec, nil)
+	plan, err := deployment.Plan(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("plan deployment: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(plan.Operations) == 0 {
+		fmt.Printf("Service '%s' is already scaled to %d replicas.\n", svc.Name, opts.replicas)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if opts.replicas < currentReplicas {
+		// Initialise a machine and container name resolver to properly format the plan output.
+		resolver, err := clusterClient.ServiceOperationNameResolver(ctx, svc)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create machine and container name resolver for service operations: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("Scaling plan for service %s (%d → %d replicas):\n", svc.Name, currentReplicas, opts.replicas)
+		fmt.Println(plan.Format(resolver))
+		fmt.Println()
+
+		// Ask for confirmation before scaling down as it may cause data loss.
+		confirmed, err := confirm()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("confirm scaling: %w", err)
+		}
+		if !confirmed {
+			fmt.Println("Cancelled. No changes were made.")
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	title := fmt.Sprintf("Scaling service %s (%d → %d replicas)", svc.Name, currentReplicas, opts.replicas)
+	err = progress.RunWithTitle(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		if _, err = deployment.Run(ctx); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("deploy service: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}, uncli.ProgressOut(), title)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func confirm() (bool, error) {
+	var confirmed bool
+	form := huh.NewForm(
+		huh.NewGroup(
+			huh.NewConfirm().
+				Title(
+					"Do you want to continue?",
+				).
+				Affirmative("Yes!").
+				Negative("No").
+				Value(&confirmed),
+		),
+	).WithAccessible(true)
+	if err := form.Run(); err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	return confirmed, nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/volume/create.go

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+package volume
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/volume"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type createOptions struct {
+	driver     string
+	driverOpts []string
+	labels     []string
+	machine    string
+	context    string
+}
+
+func NewCreateCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := createOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "create VOLUME_NAME",
+		Short: "Create a volume on a specific machine.",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			opts.driver = strings.TrimSpace(opts.driver)
+
+			volumeName := args[0]
+			if volumeName == "" {
+				return fmt.Errorf("volume name is required")
+			}
+
+			return create(cmd.Context(), uncli, volumeName, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.driver, "driver", "d", "local",
+		"Volume driver to use.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.driverOpts, "opt", "o", nil,
+		"Driver specific options in the form of 'key=value' pairs. Can be specified multiple times.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.labels, "label", "l", nil,
+		"Labels to assign to the volume in the form of 'key=value' pairs. Can be specified multiple times.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.machine, "machine", "m", "",
+		"Name or ID of the machine to create the volume on.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func create(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, name string, opts createOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Parse driver options.
+	driverOpts := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, opt := range opts.driverOpts {
+		k, v, ok := strings.Cut(opt, "=")
+		if !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid driver option format: '%s' (expected key=value)", opt)
+		}
+		driverOpts[k] = v
+	}
+
+	// Parse labels.
+	labels := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, label := range opts.labels {
+		k, v, ok := strings.Cut(label, "=")
+		if !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid label format: '%s' (expected key=value)", label)
+		}
+		labels[k] = v
+	}
+
+	// List machines and filter by the specified machine name or ID.
+	// If no machine is specified, prompt the user to select one.
+	machines, err := client.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
+	}
+	var selectedMachine *pb.MachineInfo
+
+	if opts.machine == "" {
+		if len(machines) == 1 {
+			selectedMachine = machines[0].Machine
+		} else {
+			if selectedMachine, err = promptSelectMachine(ctx, machines); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("select machine: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		m := machines.FindByNameOrID(opts.machine)
+		if m == nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("machine '%s' not found", opts.machine)
+		}
+		selectedMachine = m.Machine
+	}
+
+	createOpts := volume.CreateOptions{
+		Name:       name,
+		Driver:     opts.driver,
+		DriverOpts: driverOpts,
+		Labels:     labels,
+	}
+	vol, err := client.CreateVolume(ctx, selectedMachine.Id, createOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create volume '%s' on machine '%s': %w", name, selectedMachine.Name, err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Volume '%s' created on machine '%s'.\n", vol.Volume.Name, vol.MachineName)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func promptSelectMachine(ctx context.Context, machines api.MachineMembersList) (*pb.MachineInfo, error) {
+	options := make([]huh.Option[*pb.MachineInfo], len(machines))
+	for i, m := range machines {
+		options[i] = huh.NewOption(m.Machine.Name, m.Machine)
+	}
+	slices.SortFunc(options, func(a, b huh.Option[*pb.MachineInfo]) int {
+		return strings.Compare(a.Key, b.Key)
+	})
+
+	var selected *pb.MachineInfo
+	form := huh.NewForm(
+		huh.NewGroup(
+			huh.NewSelect[*pb.MachineInfo]().
+				Title("Select a machine to create the volume on (or specify with --machine flag)").
+				Options(options...).
+				Value(&selected),
+		),
+	)
+	if err := form.RunWithContext(ctx); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return selected, nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/volume/inspect.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package volume
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type inspectOptions struct {
+	machine string
+	context string
+}
+
+func NewInspectCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := inspectOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "inspect VOLUME_NAME",
+		Short: "Display detailed information on a volume.",
+		Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return inspect(cmd.Context(), uncli, args[0], opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.machine, "machine", "m", "",
+		"Name or ID of the machine where the volume is located. "+
+			"If not specified, the volume will be searched across all machines.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func inspect(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, name string, opts inspectOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	filter := &api.VolumeFilter{
+		Names: []string{name},
+	}
+	if opts.machine != "" {
+		filter.Machines = []string{opts.machine}
+	}
+
+	volumes, err := client.ListVolumes(ctx, filter)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list volumes: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(volumes) == 0 {
+		if opts.machine != "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("volume '%s' not found on machine '%s'", name, opts.machine)
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("volume '%s' not found on any machine", name)
+	}
+	if len(volumes) > 1 {
+		fmt.Printf("Volume '%s' found on multiple machines:\n", name)
+		for _, v := range volumes {
+			fmt.Printf(" • %s\n", v.MachineName)
+		}
+		return errors.New("specify --machine flag to choose which machine to use")
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.MarshalIndent(volumes[0], "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("marshal volume: %w", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Println(string(data))
+
+	return nil
+}

cmd/uncloud/volume/ls.go

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+package volume
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+	"text/tabwriter"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type listOptions struct {
+	machines []string
+	quiet    bool
+	context  string
+}
+
+func NewListCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := listOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "ls",
+		Aliases: []string{"list"},
+		Short:   "List volumes across all machines in the cluster.",
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return list(cmd.Context(), uncli, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
+		"Filter volumes by machine name or ID. Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated list. "+
+			"(default is include all machines)")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.quiet, "quiet", "q", false,
+		"Only display volume names.")
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func list(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, opts listOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	// Apply machine filter if specified.
+	var filter *api.VolumeFilter
+	if len(opts.machines) > 0 {
+		machines := cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.machines)
+		filter = &api.VolumeFilter{
+			Machines: machines,
+		}
+	}
+
+	volumes, err := client.ListVolumes(ctx, filter)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list volumes: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(volumes) == 0 {
+		if !opts.quiet {
+			fmt.Println("No volumes found.")
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Sort the volumes by name first, then by machine name.
+	slices.SortFunc(volumes, func(a, b api.MachineVolume) int {
+		cmp := strings.Compare(a.Volume.Name, b.Volume.Name)
+		if cmp != 0 {
+			return cmp
+		}
+		return strings.Compare(a.MachineName, b.MachineName)
+	})
+
+	// If quiet mode, just print volume names.
+	if opts.quiet {
+		for _, v := range volumes {
+			fmt.Println(v.Volume.Name)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Print the volumes in a table format.
+	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
+	fmt.Fprintln(tw, "NAME\tDRIVER\tMACHINE")
+
+	for _, v := range volumes {
+		fmt.Fprintf(tw, "%s\t%s\t%s\n",
+			v.Volume.Name,
+			v.Volume.Driver,
+			v.MachineName,
+		)
+	}
+
+	return tw.Flush()
+}

cmd/uncloud/volume/rm.go

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+package volume
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type removeOptions struct {
+	force    bool
+	machines []string
+	yes      bool
+	context  string
+}
+
+func NewRemoveCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	opts := removeOptions{}
+
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:     "rm VOLUME_NAME [VOLUME_NAME...]",
+		Aliases: []string{"remove", "delete"},
+		Short:   "Remove one or more volumes.",
+		Long:    "Remove one or more volumes. You cannot remove a volume that is in use by a container.",
+		Args:    cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			uncli := cmd.Context().Value("cli").(*cli.CLI)
+			return remove(cmd.Context(), uncli, args, opts)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.force, "force", "f", false,
+		"Force the removal of one or more volumes.")
+	cmd.Flags().StringSliceVarP(&opts.machines, "machine", "m", nil,
+		"Name or ID of the machine to remove one or more volumes from. "+
+			"Can be specified multiple times or as a comma-separated list.\n"+
+			"If not specified, the found volume(s) will be removed from all machines.")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&opts.yes, "yes", "y", false,
+		"Do not prompt for confirmation before removing the volume(s).")
+
+	cmd.Flags().StringVarP(&opts.context, "context", "c", "",
+		"Name of the cluster context. (default is the current context)")
+
+	return cmd
+}
+
+func remove(ctx context.Context, uncli *cli.CLI, names []string, opts removeOptions) error {
+	client, err := uncli.ConnectCluster(ctx, opts.context)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer client.Close()
+
+	filter := &api.VolumeFilter{
+		Names: names,
+	}
+
+	if len(opts.machines) > 0 {
+		machines := cli.ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(opts.machines)
+		filter.Machines = machines
+	}
+
+	volumes, err := client.ListVolumes(ctx, filter)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list volumes: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(volumes) == 0 {
+		if len(names) == 1 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("volume '%s' not found", names[0])
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("no volumes found matching the specified names")
+	}
+
+	// Confirm removal if not using --yes flag.
+	if !opts.yes {
+		fmt.Println("The following volumes will be removed:")
+		for _, v := range volumes {
+			fmt.Printf(" • '%s' on machine '%s'\n", v.Volume.Name, v.MachineName)
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println()
+		confirmed, err := cli.Confirm()
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("confirm removal: %w", err)
+		}
+		if !confirmed {
+			fmt.Println("Cancelled. No volumes were removed.")
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Remove the volumes one by one collecting errors.
+	var removeErr error
+	for _, v := range volumes {
+		if err = client.RemoveVolume(ctx, v.MachineID, v.Volume.Name, opts.force); err != nil {
+			if !errors.Is(err, api.ErrNotFound) {
+				removeErr = errors.Join(removeErr, fmt.Errorf("failed to remove volume '%s' on machine '%s': %w",
+					v.Volume.Name, v.MachineName, err))
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("Volume '%s' removed from machine '%s'.\n", v.Volume.Name, v.MachineName)
+	}
+
+	return removeErr
+}

cmd/uncloud/volume/root.go

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package volume
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func NewRootCommand() *cobra.Command {
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "volume",
+		Short: "Manage volumes in an Uncloud cluster.",
+	}
+	cmd.AddCommand(
+		NewCreateCommand(),
+		NewInspectCommand(),
+		NewListCommand(),
+		NewRemoveCommand(),
+	)
+	return cmd
+}

cmd/uncloudd/main.go

@@ -2,22 +2,29 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
 	"syscall"
-	"uncloud/internal/daemon"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/daemon"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/log"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/version"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
 func main() {
-	slog.SetLogLoggerLevel(slog.LevelDebug)
+	logger := slog.New(log.NewSlogTextHandler(os.Stderr, &slog.HandlerOptions{
+		Level: slog.LevelDebug,
+	}))
+	slog.SetDefault(logger)
 
 	var dataDir string
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:           "uncloudd",
 		Short:         "Uncloud machine daemon.",
+		Version:       version.String(),
 		SilenceUsage:  true,
 		SilenceErrors: true,
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
@@ -48,5 +55,4 @@ func main() {
 	}()
 
 	cobra.CheckErr(cmd.ExecuteContext(ctx))
-
 }

docs/.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# Ignore everything and use an allowlist of what is allowed to not package any secrets by accident.
+*
+
+# Allow files and directories.
+!docs/
+!src/
+!static/
+!pkg/
+!Caddyfile
+!*.js
+!*.json
+
+# Ignore unnecessary files inside allowed directories.
+**/.DS_Store

docs/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Dependencies
+/node_modules
+
+# Production
+/build
+
+# Generated files
+.docusaurus
+.cache-loader
+
+# Misc
+.DS_Store
+.env.local
+.env.development.local
+.env.test.local
+.env.production.local
+
+npm-debug.log*
+yarn-debug.log*
+yarn-error.log*

docs/Caddyfile

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+    admin off
+}
+
+:8000 {
+    root * /usr/share/caddy
+    file_server
+    try_files {path} /index.html
+}

docs/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Stage 1: Base image.
+## Start with a base image containing NodeJS so we can build Docusaurus.
+FROM node:lts-alpine AS base
+## Disable colour output from yarn to make logs easier to read.
+ENV FORCE_COLOR=0
+## Enable corepack.
+RUN corepack enable
+## Set the working directory to `/opt/docusaurus`.
+WORKDIR /opt/docusaurus
+
+# Stage 2: Production build.
+FROM base AS prod
+## Set the working directory to `/opt/docusaurus`.
+WORKDIR /opt/docusaurus
+## Copy over the source code.
+COPY . /opt/docusaurus/
+## Install dependencies with `--immutable` to ensure reproducibility.
+RUN npm ci
+## Build the static site.
+RUN npm run build
+
+# Stage 3: Serve static site with Caddy.
+FROM caddy:2.10.0-alpine AS caddy
+## Copy the Caddyfile.
+COPY ./Caddyfile /etc/caddy/Caddyfile
+## Copy the Docusaurus build output.
+COPY --from=prod /opt/docusaurus/build /usr/share/caddy

docs/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# Website
+
+This website is built using [Docusaurus](https://docusaurus.io/), a modern static website generator.
+
+### Installation
+
+```
+$ yarn
+```
+
+### Local Development
+
+```
+$ yarn start
+```
+
+This command starts a local development server and opens up a browser window. Most changes are reflected live without having to restart the server.
+
+### Build
+
+```
+$ yarn build
+```
+
+This command generates static content into the `build` directory and can be served using any static contents hosting service.
+
+### Deployment
+
+Using SSH:
+
+```
+$ USE_SSH=true yarn deploy
+```
+
+Not using SSH:
+
+```
+$ GIT_USER=<Your GitHub username> yarn deploy
+```
+
+If you are using GitHub pages for hosting, this command is a convenient way to build the website and push to the `gh-pages` branch.

docs/compose.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+services:
+  uncloud-docs:
+    image: ghcr.io/psviderski/uncloud-docs:latest
+    pull_policy: always
+    user: nobody
+    x-ports:
+      - docs.uncloud.run:8000/https
+    scale: 2

docs/docs/1-overview.md

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+---
+slug: /
+---
+
+# Overview
+
+Uncloud makes **self-hosting web applications** across multiple machines in production dead simple.
+
+You can connect any machines — from cloud VMs to bare metal servers (no matter where they're located) — into a secure
+private network. Then run and scale multi-service and multi-container web apps and databases across your machines using
+simple Docker-like commands and [Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/) files.
+
+Uncloud covers all the essentials for operating apps in production without overwhelming you with the complexity of
+traditional container orchestrators like Kubernetes or Swarm:
+
+* Initial machine and network setup
+* Zero-downtime rolling deployments
+* Health checks and automatic restarts
+* Automatic HTTPS and reverse proxy configuration
+* Scaling services across multiple machines
+* Cross-machine service communication without exposing ports to the internet
+* DNS-based service discovery
+* Load balancing
+* Persistent storage
+
+## Use cases
+
+Some of the common use cases Uncloud is a great fit for:
+
+- **Self-hosting and Homelabs**: Run your self-hosted apps on your own hardware. Start with a single machine and add
+  more as your needs grow.
+- **Outgrowing Docker Compose**: Level up your Docker Compose setup with zero-downtime deployments, replicas across
+  multiple machines for improved reliability, cross-machine service communication, automated reverse proxy management,
+  and more using the same Compose file.
+- **Small to medium web applications**: Deploy your SaaS product, websites, or personal projects with redundancy across
+  multiple machines for better reliability and your peace of mind.
+- **Hybrid setups (cloud + on-prem)**: Combine cloud VMs with on-premise for cost savings and data sovereignty — all
+  managed through the same interface.
+- **Agencies and freelancers**: Host multiple client projects with proper isolation on shared infrastructure, optimising
+  costs and resources.
+- **Edge computing**: Deploy applications closer to your users for lower latency and better performance.
+- **Dev/staging environments**: Spin up additional environments for development and testing that mirror production
+  reusing the same Compose configuration.
+
+## What makes Uncloud different
+
+Here are the design decisions that make Uncloud stand out:
+
+### Decentralised design
+
+You can think of an Uncloud cluster as a **network of Docker hosts** (machines) that are all aware of each other. All
+machines in the cluster are equal. You can connect to any of them to manage containers on any other machine in the
+cluster. If a machine or part of the network goes down, the rest of the cluster keeps running.
+
+There is no centralised control plane, so no need to worry about maintaining a quorum of machines for it. The time saved
+can be better spent developing and deploying your apps instead.
+
+### Zero-config overlay network
+
+Uncloud automatically configures and maintains a secure **WireGuard mesh network** across your machines. It handles key
+management, peer discovery, and NAT traversal without any manual configuration. This makes it easy to connect machines
+from different networks and locations, such as cloud VMs, on-premise servers, or your Raspberry Pi at home.
+
+Docker containers running on different machines get **unique IP addresses** from the cluster network so they can
+**communicate directly** as if they were on a single machine without opening up any host ports to the internet.
+
+The design and implementation were highly inspired by
+Talos [KubeSpan](https://www.talos.dev/v1.10/talos-guides/network/kubespan/).
+
+### Managed DNS service
+
+Uncloud can provide **managed DNS records** like `<service-name>.<cluster-id>.cluster.uncloud.run` for your public
+services through free [Uncloud DNS](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud-dns) service. You can deploy a service and
+instantly access it from anywhere with a proper DNS name and HTTPS without any manual DNS configuration. This makes
+self-hosting much more accessible and simplifies the process of adding your own domain later.
+
+### No complex orchestration
+
+Uncloud operations are done using **imperative CLI commands** that have the taste of Docker and Docker Compose. The
+deployment and scaling commands can output an execution plan that describes what exactly will be changed on your cluster
+once you approve it. For example, what containers and volumes will be created or removed, and on which machines.
+
+This gives you full visibility and control over every change with **immediate feedback** when something goes wrong.
+
+### Minimal resource footprint
+
+The Uncloud daemon consists of a couple Go and Rust binaries running alongside the Docker daemon on each machine. It
+needs no more than **150 MB of RAM** and a few percent of a CPU core in small setups. This minimal overhead maximises
+the system resources available for your apps.
+
+You can run Uncloud on machines with as little as 512 MB of RAM, assuming you also need some RAM for the OS and Docker,
+as well as the apps you want to run.
+
+### Troubleshooting-friendly
+
+When something goes wrong, you can dive straight into standard Docker containers without layers of abstraction in your
+way. You can also SSH into any machine and use the regular Linux troubleshooting tools. For example, `ping` service
+containers by their service names, `curl` service endpoints, or analyse traffic between containers using `wireshark`.
+
+## Getting started
+
+Install Uncloud CLI and deploy your first app in minutes:
+
+* [Install Uncloud CLI](./2-getting-started/1-install-cli.md)
+* [Deploy demo app](./2-getting-started/2-deploy-demo-app.md)
+
+## Getting help
+
+* **Discord community**: Join our [Discord server](https://discord.gg/eR35KQJhPu) for real-time discussions, support,
+  and updates.
+* **GitHub issues**: Report bugs or request features on our [GitHub repository](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud).
+* **Documentation**: Browse the full documentation (this website you're on) for detailed guides and references. Use
+  search to find what you need quickly.
+* **Newsletter**: Subscribe to the [newsletter](https://uncloud.run/#subscribe) for development updates and early
+  insights.

docs/docs/2-getting-started/1-install-cli.md

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+# Install CLI
+
+Install the Uncloud command-line utility to manage your machines and deploy apps using `uc` commands. You will run `uc`
+locally so choose the appropriate installation method for your operating system.
+
+:::info NOTE
+
+Windows is not natively supported yet, but you can install and run `uc` in a
+[WSL](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/) terminal by following the instructions for Linux.
+:::
+
+## Homebrew (macOS, Linux)
+
+If you have [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/) package manager installed, this is the recommended installation method on macOS
+and Linux:
+
+```shell
+brew install psviderski/tap/uncloud
+```
+
+To upgrade to the latest version:
+
+```shell
+brew upgrade uncloud
+```
+
+## Install script (macOS, Linux)
+
+For a quick automated installation, use the install script:
+
+```shell
+curl -fsS https://get.uncloud.run/install.sh | sh
+```
+
+The script will:
+
+- Detect your operating system and architecture
+- Download the appropriate latest binary from [GitHub releases](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/releases)
+- Install it to `/usr/local/bin/uncloud` using `sudo` (you may need to enter your user password)
+- Create a shortcut `uc` in `/usr/local/bin` for convenience
+
+Don't like `curl | sh`? You can download and review the [install script](https://get.uncloud.run/install.sh) first and
+then run it:
+
+```shell
+curl -fsSO https://get.uncloud.run/install.sh
+cat install.sh
+sh install.sh
+```
+
+## GitHub download (macOS, Linux)
+
+You can manually download and use a pre-built binary from the
+[latest release](https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/releases/latest) on GitHub.
+
+<Tabs>
+  <TabItem value="macOS (Apple Silicon)">
+    ```shell
+    curl -L https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/releases/latest/download/uncloud_macos_arm64.tar.gz | tar xz
+    mv uncloud uc
+    ```
+  </TabItem>
+  <TabItem value="macOS (Intel)">
+    ```shell
+    curl -L https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/releases/latest/download/uncloud_macos_amd64.tar.gz | tar xz
+    mv uncloud uc
+    ```
+  </TabItem>
+  <TabItem value="Linux (AMD 64-bit)">
+    ```shell
+    curl -L https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/releases/latest/download/uncloud_linux_amd64.tar.gz | tar xz
+    mv uncloud uc
+    ```
+  </TabItem>
+  <TabItem value="Linux (ARM 64-bit)">
+    ```shell
+    curl -L https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/releases/latest/download/uncloud_linux_arm64.tar.gz | tar xz
+    mv uncloud uc
+    ```
+  </TabItem>
+</Tabs>
+
+You can use the `./uc` binary directly from the current directory, or move it to a directory in your system's `PATH`
+to run it as `uc` from any location.
+
+For example, move it to `/usr/local/bin` which is a common location for user-installed binaries:
+
+```shell
+sudo mv ./uc /usr/local/bin
+```
+
+## Verify installation
+
+After installation, verify that `uc` command is working:
+
+```shell
+uc --version
+```
+
+## Next steps
+
+Now that you have `uc` installed, you're ready to:
+
+- [Deploy demo app](./2-deploy-demo-app.md)

docs/docs/2-getting-started/2-deploy-demo-app.md

@@ -0,0 +1,315 @@
+# Deploy demo app
+
+In this guide, we'll deploy [Excalidraw](https://excalidraw.com) — a popular sketching and diagramming tool — to your
+Linux server. You'll learn the **basics of Uncloud** and see how simple it is to **run web apps** on your own
+infrastructure with secure internet access.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+Before you begin, you'll need:
+
+- **Uncloud CLI** [installed](1-install-cli.md) on your local machine
+- A **Ubuntu or Debian server** with **public IP address** and **SSH access** (as `root` or a user with `sudo`
+  privileges) using a **private key**.
+
+:::tip Need a server?
+
+A small Virtual Private Server (VPS) or dedicated server from providers like [Hetzner](https://www.hetzner.com) or
+[DigitalOcean](https://www.digitalocean.com) is a great choice for learning Uncloud and running lightweight services. We
+recommend using a freshly installed server as existing services on ports 80 and 443 can cause conflicts.
+
+**Minimum requirements:** 1 vCPU, 512 MB RAM, Ubuntu 22.04 or Debian 11, AMD64 (recommended) or ARM64 architecture.
+Other Linux distributions may work, but haven't been tested yet.
+
+:::
+
+## Set up your server
+
+First, let's turn your server into an Uncloud **machine**. This simply means setting it up so you can deploy and manage
+services on it using `uc`.
+
+```shell
+uc machine init root@<your-server-ip>
+```
+
+If the SSH key to access your server isn't added to your [SSH agent](https://www.ssh.com/academy/ssh/agent), specify it
+with the `-i` flag:
+
+```shell
+uc machine init root@<your-server-ip> -i ~/.ssh/id_xxx
+```
+
+This command will:
+
+- Install the latest stable Docker version on your server if it's not already installed
+- Install the Uncloud daemon on your server
+- Create a Docker network for Uncloud-managed containers
+- Deploy [Caddy](https://caddyserver.com/) as your reverse proxy listening on host ports 80 and 443
+- Reserve a free `xxxxxx.cluster.uncloud.run` subdomain via the Uncloud managed DNS service and point it to your
+  server's IP
+
+All in about a minute!
+
+<details>
+<summary>💡 Expand to see example output</summary>
+
+```
+$ uc machine init root@157.180.72.195
+Downloading Uncloud install script: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psviderski/uncloud/refs/heads/main/scripts/install.sh
+⏳ Running Uncloud install script...
+⏳ Installing Docker...
+# Executing docker install script, commit: 53a22f61c0628e58e1d6680b49e82993d304b449
++ sh -c apt-get -qq update >/dev/null
++ sh -c DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y -qq install ca-certificates curl >/dev/null
++ sh -c install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
++ sh -c curl -fsSL "https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg" -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
++ sh -c chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
++ sh -c echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu noble stable" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
++ sh -c apt-get -qq update >/dev/null
++ sh -c DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get -y -qq install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin docker-ce-rootless-extras docker-buildx-plugin >/dev/null
+
+Running kernel seems to be up-to-date.
+
+No services need to be restarted.
+
+No containers need to be restarted.
+
+No user sessions are running outdated binaries.
+
+No VM guests are running outdated hypervisor (qemu) binaries on this host.
++ sh -c docker version
+Client: Docker Engine - Community
+ Version:           28.2.1
+ API version:       1.50
+ Go version:        go1.24.3
+ Git commit:        879ac3f
+ Built:             Wed May 28 19:25:01 2025
+ OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
+ Context:           default
+
+Server: Docker Engine - Community
+ Engine:
+  Version:          28.2.1
+  API version:      1.50 (minimum version 1.24)
+  Go version:       go1.24.3
+  Git commit:       0e2cc22
+  Built:            Wed May 28 19:25:01 2025
+  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
+  Experimental:     false
+ containerd:
+  Version:          1.7.27
+  GitCommit:        05044ec0a9a75232cad458027ca83437aae3f4da
+ runc:
+  Version:          1.2.5
+  GitCommit:        v1.2.5-0-g59923ef
+ docker-init:
+  Version:          0.19.0
+  GitCommit:        de40ad0
+
+================================================================================
+
+To run Docker as a non-privileged user, consider setting up the
+Docker daemon in rootless mode for your user:
+
+    dockerd-rootless-setuptool.sh install
+
+Visit https://docs.docker.com/go/rootless/ to learn about rootless mode.
+
+
+To run the Docker daemon as a fully privileged service, but granting non-root
+users access, refer to https://docs.docker.com/go/daemon-access/
+
+WARNING: Access to the remote API on a privileged Docker daemon is equivalent
+         to root access on the host. Refer to the 'Docker daemon attack surface'
+         documentation for details: https://docs.docker.com/go/attack-surface/
+
+================================================================================
+
+✓ Docker installed successfully.
+✓ Linux user and group 'uncloud' created.
+⏳ Installing Uncloud binaries...
+⏳ Downloading uncloudd binary: https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/releases/latest/download/uncloudd_linux_amd64.tar.gz
+✓ uncloudd binary installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloudd
+⏳ Downloading uninstall script: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/psviderski/uncloud/refs/heads/main/scripts/uninstall.sh
+✓ uncloud-uninstall script installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloud-uninstall
+✓ Systemd unit file created: /etc/systemd/system/uncloud.service
+Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/uncloud.service → /etc/systemd/system/uncloud.service.
+⏳ Downloading uncloud-corrosion binary: https://github.com/psviderski/corrosion/releases/latest/download/corrosion-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz
+✓ uncloud-corrosion binary installed: /usr/local/bin/uncloud-corrosion
+✓ Systemd unit file created: /etc/systemd/system/uncloud-corrosion.service
+⏳ Starting Uncloud machine daemon (uncloud.service)...
+✓ Uncloud machine daemon started.
+✓ Uncloud installed on the machine successfully! 🎉
+Cluster initialised with machine 'machine-dc3c' and saved as context 'default' in your local config (/Users/spy/.config/uncloud/config.yaml)
+Current cluster context is now 'default'.
+Waiting for the machine to be ready...
+
+Reserved cluster domain: 7za6s7.cluster.uncloud.run
+[+] Deploying service caddy 7/2
+ ✔ Container caddy-d7uk on machine-dc3c     Started                                            6.1s
+   ✔ Image caddy:2.10.0 on machine-dc3c       Pulled                                           3.7s
+
+Updating cluster domain records in Uncloud DNS to point to machines running caddy service...
+[+] Verifying internet access to caddy service 1/1
+ ✔ Machine machine-dc3c (157.180.72.195)  Reachable                                            0.7s
+
+DNS records updated to use only the internet-reachable machines running caddy service:
+  *.7za6s7.cluster.uncloud.run  A → 157.180.72.195
+```
+
+</details>
+
+## Deploy Excalidraw
+
+Now that your machine is set up, let's deploy `excalidraw` service from the
+[official Docker image](https://hub.docker.com/r/excalidraw/excalidraw). The service will publish the container port 80
+as HTTPS endpoint on the previously reserved domain via Caddy.
+
+```shell
+uc run --name excalidraw --publish 80/https excalidraw/excalidraw
+```
+
+You'll see the progress of the deployment and the public URL where you can access the service:
+
+```
+[+] Running service excalidraw (replicated mode) 2/2
+ ✔ Container excalidraw-azpc on machine-dc3c  Started                       8.9s
+   ✔ Image excalidraw/excalidraw on machine-dc3c  Pulled                    4.7s
+
+excalidraw endpoints:
+ • https://excalidraw.7za6s7.cluster.uncloud.run → :80
+```
+
+## Verify your deployment
+
+After the service is deployed, use the `uc inspect` command to check its status and details:
+
+```shell
+uc inspect excalidraw
+```
+
+```
+ID:    4d2de1600b6ada221a03896cd388836c
+Name:  excalidraw
+Mode:  replicated
+
+CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                   CREATED              STATUS                        MACHINE
+fde7ac7f11ad   excalidraw/excalidraw   About a minute ago   Up About a minute (healthy)   machine-dc3c
+```
+
+In this example, the service has one container running on the machine `machine-dc3c` (our server). The container is up
+and healthy.
+
+You can also list all deployed services and their public endpoints using the `uc ls` command:
+
+```shell
+uc ls
+```
+
+```
+NAME         MODE         REPLICAS   ENDPOINTS
+caddy        global       1
+excalidraw   replicated   1          https://excalidraw.7za6s7.cluster.uncloud.run → :80
+```
+
+You can see `caddy` service listed here. That's your reverse proxy, running as a regular Uncloud service.
+
+## It's live! Start drawing! ✨
+
+Open your browser and navigate to the URL shown in the endpoints. It may take a moment for Caddy to obtain a TLS
+certificate from Let's Encrypt. If it doesn't load immediately, wait a few seconds and try again.
+
+![Excalidraw running on Uncloud](./img/excalidraw-browser.png)
+
+You now have:
+
+- Your **own Excalidraw instance** running on your server
+- A **public URL** with **automatic HTTPS** you can share with your team and friends
+- **Full control over your data** — no analytics or tracking
+
+## Convert to Docker Compose format
+
+Uncloud supports the [Compose file format](https://docs.docker.com/reference/compose-file/) for defining services. This
+allows you to version control your deployments, share configurations with your team, and deploy complex multi-service
+applications with a single command.
+
+Let's create a `compose.yaml` file in your current directory for the `excalidraw` service we just deployed.
+
+```yaml title="compose.yaml"
+services:
+  excalidraw:
+    image: excalidraw/excalidraw
+    x-ports:
+      - 80/https
+```
+
+:::info note
+
+The `x-ports` key is an Uncloud-specific extension to the Compose file format. It allows you to specify ports that
+should be published as HTTP(S) endpoints. Uncloud automatically configures the reverse proxy (Caddy) to route traffic to
+these ports.
+
+:::
+
+Now deploy it:
+
+```shell
+uc deploy
+```
+
+```
+Services are up to date.
+```
+
+Since `excalidraw` service is already running with the same configuration, Uncloud recognises there's nothing to change.
+We've successfully converted our deployment created with `uc run` to a Compose file.
+
+## Use your own domain
+
+Want to use your own domain, for example, `excalidraw.example.com` instead of `excalidraw.7za6s7.cluster.uncloud.run`?
+
+Add a CNAME record `excalidraw.example.com` in your DNS provider (Cloudflare, Namecheap, etc.) pointing to
+`excalidraw.7za6s7.cluster.uncloud.run`. Alternatively, you can add an A record pointing to your server's IP.
+
+Then update the published port `80/https` in `compose.yaml` to use your domain:
+
+```yaml title="compose.yaml"
+...
+x-ports:
+  - excalidraw.example.com:80/https
+```
+
+Finally, deploy the changes:
+
+```shell
+uc deploy
+```
+
+```
+Deployment plan:
+- Deploy service [name=excalidraw]
+  - machine-dc3c: Run container [image=excalidraw/excalidraw]
+  - machine-dc3c: Remove container [name=excalidraw-azpc]
+
+Do you want to continue?
+
+Choose [y/N]: y
+Chose: Yes!
+
+[+] Deploying services 2/2
+ ✔ Container excalidraw-0z12 on machine-dc3c  Started                       3.5s 
+ ✔ Container excalidraw-azpc on machine-dc3c  Removed                       3.4s 
+```
+
+Notice how Uncloud performed a **zero-downtime deployment** — it started the new container with the updated
+configuration before removing the old one. Your service stayed available throughout the update.
+
+Give it a moment for Caddy to obtain a TLS certificate, then visit https://excalidraw.example.com.
+
+## Clean up
+
+TBD
+
+## Next steps
+
+TBD

docs/docs/2-getting-started/_category_.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+label: Getting started
+collapsed: false # keep the category open by default
+link:
+  type: generated-index

docs/docusaurus.config.js

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+// @ts-check
+// `@type` JSDoc annotations allow editor autocompletion and type checking
+// (when paired with `@ts-check`).
+// There are various equivalent ways to declare your Docusaurus config.
+// See: https://docusaurus.io/docs/api/docusaurus-config
+
+import {themes as prismThemes} from 'prism-react-renderer';
+
+// This runs in Node.js - Don't use client-side code here (browser APIs, JSX...)
+
+/** @type {import('@docusaurus/types').Config} */
+const config = {
+  title: 'Uncloud Docs',
+  tagline: 'Dinosaurs are cool',
+  favicon: 'img/favicon.png',
+
+  // Set the production url of your site here
+  url: 'https://docs.uncloud.run',
+  // Set the /<baseUrl>/ pathname under which your site is served
+  // For GitHub pages deployment, it is often '/<projectName>/'
+  baseUrl: '/',
+
+  // GitHub pages deployment config.
+  // If you aren't using GitHub pages, you don't need these.
+  organizationName: '', // Usually your GitHub org/user name.
+  projectName: '', // Usually your repo name.
+
+  onBrokenLinks: 'throw',
+  onBrokenMarkdownLinks: 'warn',
+
+  // Even if you don't use internationalization, you can use this field to set
+  // useful metadata like html lang. For example, if your site is Chinese, you
+  // may want to replace "en" with "zh-Hans".
+  i18n: {
+    defaultLocale: 'en',
+    locales: ['en'],
+  },
+
+  themes: [
+    [
+      '@easyops-cn/docusaurus-search-local',
+      /** @type {import("@easyops-cn/docusaurus-search-local").PluginOptions} */
+      ({
+        docsRouteBasePath: '/',
+        hashed: true,
+        highlightSearchTermsOnTargetPage: true,
+      }),
+    ],
+  ],
+  presets: [
+    [
+      'classic',
+      /** @type {import('@docusaurus/preset-classic').Options} */
+      ({
+        docs: {
+          // Remove this to remove the "edit this page" links.
+          editUrl: 'https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud/edit/main/docs/',
+          // Serve the docs at the site's root.
+          routeBasePath: '/',
+          showLastUpdateTime: true,
+          sidebarPath: './sidebars.js',
+        },
+        // blog: {
+        //   showReadingTime: true,
+        //   feedOptions: {
+        //     type: ['rss', 'atom'],
+        //     xslt: true,
+        //   },
+        //   // Please change this to your repo.
+        //   // Remove this to remove the "edit this page" links.
+        //   editUrl:
+        //     'https://github.com/facebook/docusaurus/tree/main/packages/create-docusaurus/templates/shared/',
+        //   // Useful options to enforce blogging best practices
+        //   onInlineTags: 'warn',
+        //   onInlineAuthors: 'warn',
+        //   onUntruncatedBlogPosts: 'warn',
+        // },
+        theme: {
+          customCss: './src/css/custom.css',
+        },
+      }),
+    ],
+  ],
+
+  themeConfig:
+    /** @type {import('@docusaurus/preset-classic').ThemeConfig} */
+    ({
+      colorMode: {
+        // The color mode when user first visits the site.
+        defaultMode: "light",
+        // Whether to use the prefers-color-scheme media-query, using user system preferences,
+        // instead of the hardcoded defaultMode.
+        respectPrefersColorScheme: true,
+      },
+      // The meta image URL for the site (og:image and twitter:image meta tags).
+      // Relative to your site's "static" directory. Cannot be SVGs. Can be external URLs too.
+      image: 'img/social-card.png',
+      navbar: {
+        title: 'Uncloud Docs',
+        logo: {
+          alt: 'Uncloud Logo',
+          src: 'img/logo.svg',
+        },
+        items: [
+          {
+            type: 'search',
+            position: 'right',
+          },
+          {
+            href: 'https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud',
+            label: 'GitHub',
+            position: 'right',
+          },
+        ],
+      },
+      footer: {
+        style: 'light',
+        links: [
+          {
+            title: 'Uncloud',
+            items: [
+              {
+                html: 'Made with ❤️ by <a href="https://github.com/psviderski">@psviderski</a> in Australia'
+              },
+            ],
+          },
+          {
+            title: 'Community',
+            items: [
+              {
+                label: 'Discord',
+                href: 'https://discord.gg/eR35KQJhPu',
+              },
+              {
+                label: 'X',
+                href: 'https://x.com/psviderski',
+              },
+              {
+                label: 'GitHub',
+                href: 'https://github.com/psviderski/uncloud',
+              },
+            ],
+          }
+        ]
+      },
+      prism: {
+        theme: prismThemes.palenight,
+        //darkTheme: prismThemes.dracula,
+      },
+    }),
+};
+
+export default config;

docs/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+{
+  "name": "docs",
+  "version": "0.0.0",
+  "private": true,
+  "scripts": {
+    "docusaurus": "docusaurus",
+    "start": "docusaurus start",
+    "build": "docusaurus build",
+    "swizzle": "docusaurus swizzle",
+    "deploy": "docusaurus deploy",
+    "clear": "docusaurus clear",
+    "serve": "docusaurus serve",
+    "write-translations": "docusaurus write-translations",
+    "write-heading-ids": "docusaurus write-heading-ids"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@docusaurus/core": "3.7.0",
+    "@docusaurus/preset-classic": "3.7.0",
+    "@easyops-cn/docusaurus-search-local": "^0.49.2",
+    "@mdx-js/react": "^3.0.0",
+    "clsx": "^2.0.0",
+    "prism-react-renderer": "^2.3.0",
+    "react": "^19.0.0",
+    "react-dom": "^19.0.0"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@docusaurus/module-type-aliases": "3.7.0",
+    "@docusaurus/types": "3.7.0"
+  },
+  "browserslist": {
+    "production": [
+      ">0.5%",
+      "not dead",
+      "not op_mini all"
+    ],
+    "development": [
+      "last 3 chrome version",
+      "last 3 firefox version",
+      "last 5 safari version"
+    ]
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=18.0"
+  }
+}

docs/sidebars.js

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// @ts-check
+
+// This runs in Node.js - Don't use client-side code here (browser APIs, JSX...)
+
+/**
+ * Creating a sidebar enables you to:
+ - create an ordered group of docs
+ - render a sidebar for each doc of that group
+ - provide next/previous navigation
+
+ The sidebars can be generated from the filesystem, or explicitly defined here.
+
+ Create as many sidebars as you want.
+
+ @type {import('@docusaurus/plugin-content-docs').SidebarsConfig}
+ */
+const sidebars = {
+  // By default, Docusaurus generates a sidebar from the docs folder structure
+  sidebar: [{type: 'autogenerated', dirName: '.'}],
+
+  // But you can create a sidebar manually
+  /*
+  tutorialSidebar: [
+    'intro',
+    'hello',
+    {
+      type: 'category',
+      label: 'Tutorial',
+      items: ['tutorial-basics/create-a-document'],
+    },
+  ],
+   */
+};
+
+export default sidebars;

docs/src/css/custom.css

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/**
+ * Any CSS included here will be global. The classic template
+ * bundles Infima by default. Infima is a CSS framework designed to
+ * work well for content-centric websites.
+ */
+
+@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@300;400;500;700&display=swap');
+
+/* You can override the default Infima variables here. */
+:root {
+  --ifm-font-family-base: 'Inter', sans-serif;
+  --ifm-heading-font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
+
+  --ifm-color-primary: #006be6;
+  --ifm-color-primary-dark: #0060cf;
+  --ifm-color-primary-darker: #005bc4;
+  --ifm-color-primary-darkest: #004ba1;
+  --ifm-color-primary-light: #0076fd;
+  --ifm-color-primary-lighter: #0a7cff;
+  --ifm-color-primary-lightest: #2c8eff;
+  --ifm-code-font-size: 95%;
+  --docusaurus-highlighted-code-line-bg: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
+}
+
+/* For readability concerns, you should choose a lighter palette in dark mode. */
+[data-theme='dark'] {
+  --ifm-color-primary: #3391ee;
+  --ifm-color-primary-dark: #1883ec;
+  --ifm-color-primary-darker: #137be3;
+  --ifm-color-primary-darkest: #1066bb;
+  --ifm-color-primary-light: #4e9ff0;
+  --ifm-color-primary-lighter: #5ba7f1;
+  --ifm-color-primary-lightest: #83bcf5;
+  --docusaurus-highlighted-code-line-bg: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
+}
+
+.menu {
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  font-weight: var(--ifm-font-weight-normal);
+}

docs/src/theme/MDXComponents.js

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import React from 'react';
+// Import the original mapper
+import MDXComponents from '@theme-original/MDXComponents';
+import Tabs from '@theme/Tabs';
+import TabItem from '@theme/TabItem';
+
+export default {
+    // Re-use the default mapping
+    ...MDXComponents,
+    // Global import the <Tabs> and <TabItem> components
+    Tabs,
+    TabItem,
+};

docs/static/img/logo.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 80 80">
+    <g>
+        <rect x="0" y="0" width="80" height="80" rx="10" fill="#18181B"/>
+        <path d="M20 32 L20 48 L36 48 L36 32 M60 32 L45 32 L45 48 L60 48" stroke="white" stroke-width="6" fill="none"
+              stroke-linecap="square" stroke-linejoin="miter"/>
+    </g>
+</svg>

docs/user_guide.md

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# User Guide
+
+## Initialising a cluster
+
+To begin setting up a new Uncloud cluster, create the desired nodes. Ensure that their firewall allows the required ports.
+
+### Ports
+
+Nodes running Uncloud with a standard configuration must have the following inbound ports allowed in the firewall:
+
+* 51820/udp (WireGuard meshnet)
+* 22/tcp (default SSH management port)
+* 80/tcp (required for challenge if uncloud.run DNS is enabled, pass --no-dns during init to disable)
+
+In addition, any ports for any workloads you want to expose will need to be open.
+
+### Configuration
+
+Uncloud stores its configuration in `~/.config/uncloud/config.yaml`. If you wish to reinitialise a cluster, simply remove it from this config.
+
+### Initialisation
+
+Begin by initialising the first node in your cluster with `uc machine init [USER@HOST:PORT]`. If you do not have a need for Caddy reverse proxy, you may disable this feature with `--no-caddy`.
+
+This command will idempotently install Docker, uncloudd, uncloud-corrosion. If Caddy is enabled, it will set up a reverse proxy. If Uncloud DNS is enabled, it will create a DNS A record for the machine's public IP address under `*.[CLUSTER ID].cluster.uncloud.run`.
+
+If you wish to uninstall Uncloud and its components, run `uncloud-uninstall`.
+
+### Adding a node
+
+Just like the initialisation of the first node, a node can be added to the cluster with `uc machine add`.
+
+### DNS
+
+Uncloud (uncloud.run) DNS can be managed with the `uc dns` subcommand.
+
+* To reserve a domain name, run `uc dns reserve`
+* To release a domain name, run `uc dns release`.
+* To see the domain name, run `uc dns show`
+
+### Running a service
+
+Services on an Uncloud cluster can be managed with `uc service`.
+
+You can run a service with two replicas that expose port 80 like the following:
+
+```
+uc service run -p 80/http --replicas 2 nginxdemos/hello
+```
+
+This requires the Caddy reverse proxy to be deployed. If it wasn't previously, it can be deployed with `uc caddy deploy`.
+
+Since this doesn't specify a service name, a random one will be generated.
+
+The service can be deleted by its service name:
+
+```
+uc service rm hello-gsdo
+```

experiment/talos_discovery.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 	"net/netip"
 	"time"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/network"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/network"
 )
 
 const (

go.mod

@@ -1,16 +1,30 @@
-module uncloud
+module github.com/psviderski/uncloud
 
-go 1.22.2
+go 1.23.0
 
-toolchain go1.22.5
+toolchain go1.23.2
 
 require (
 	github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.4.0
+	github.com/Masterminds/semver v1.5.0
+	github.com/Masterminds/squirrel v1.5.4
+	github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2 v2.8.4
+	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0
 	github.com/charmbracelet/huh v0.6.0
+	github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v0.13.0
+	github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2 v2.4.5
 	github.com/coreos/go-systemd v0.0.0-20191104093116-d3cd4ed1dbcf
+	github.com/deckarep/golang-set/v2 v2.8.0
 	github.com/dgraph-io/badger/v3 v3.2103.5
-	github.com/docker/docker v27.3.0+incompatible
+	github.com/distribution/reference v0.6.0
+	github.com/docker/cli v27.5.0+incompatible
+	github.com/docker/compose/v2 v2.31.0
+	github.com/docker/docker v27.4.0-rc.2+incompatible
 	github.com/docker/go-connections v0.5.0
+	github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0
+	github.com/goccy/go-yaml v1.17.1
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0
+	github.com/google/go-containerregistry v0.20.2
 	github.com/hashicorp/memberlist v0.5.1
 	github.com/hashicorp/serf v0.10.1
 	github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.21.0
@@ -20,65 +34,116 @@ require (
 	github.com/ipfs/go-ds-crdt v0.5.2
 	github.com/ipfs/go-ipld-format v0.6.0
 	github.com/ipfs/go-log/v2 v2.5.1
+	github.com/jmoiron/sqlx v1.4.0
 	github.com/lmittmann/tint v1.0.5
+	github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.65
+	github.com/moby/term v0.5.0
+	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0
+	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.0
 	github.com/siderolabs/discovery-api v0.1.4
 	github.com/siderolabs/discovery-client v0.1.9
+	github.com/siderolabs/grpc-proxy v0.5.1
 	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.8.1
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0
 	github.com/vishvananda/netlink v1.3.0
 	go.uber.org/zap v1.27.0
 	go4.org/netipx v0.0.0-20231129151722-fdeea329fbba
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.27.0
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.8.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.25.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.33.0
+	golang.org/x/net v0.35.0
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.11.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.31.0
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20231211153847-12269c276173
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20230429144221-925a1e7659e6
-	google.golang.org/grpc v1.66.0
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.2
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20241209162323-e6fa225c2576
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.68.1
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.3
+	modernc.org/sqlite v1.36.3
 )
 
 require (
+	filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/AdaLogics/go-fuzz-headers v0.0.0-20230811130428-ced1acdcaa24 // indirect
+	github.com/AndreasBriese/bbloom v0.0.0-20190825152654-46b345b51c96 // indirect
+	github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20210617225240-d185dfc1b5a1 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/goutils v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/sprig/v3 v3.2.3 // indirect
 	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2 // indirect
+	github.com/OneOfOne/xxhash v1.2.8 // indirect
+	github.com/antlr4-go/antlr/v4 v4.13.0 // indirect
 	github.com/armon/circbuf v0.0.0-20190214190532-5111143e8da2 // indirect
 	github.com/armon/go-metrics v0.4.1 // indirect
 	github.com/armon/go-radix v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/aryann/difflib v0.0.0-20210328193216-ff5ff6dc229b // indirect
 	github.com/atotto/clipboard v0.1.4 // indirect
 	github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/bgentry/speakeasy v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/buger/goterm v1.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/caddyserver/certmagic v0.21.4 // indirect
+	github.com/caddyserver/zerossl v0.1.3 // indirect
 	github.com/catppuccin/go v0.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v0.20.0 // indirect
 	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v0.13.0 // indirect
 	github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.3.2 // indirect
 	github.com/charmbracelet/x/exp/strings v0.0.0-20240919170804-a4978c8e603a // indirect
 	github.com/charmbracelet/x/term v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/chzyer/readline v1.5.1 // indirect
+	github.com/cloudflare/cfssl v1.6.4 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/console v1.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/containerd v1.7.24 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/containerd/api v1.7.19 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/continuity v0.4.4 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/errdefs v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/containerd/log v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/platforms v0.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/stargz-snapshotter/estargz v0.16.3 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/ttrpc v1.2.5 // indirect
+	github.com/containerd/typeurl/v2 v2.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.6 // indirect
+	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/decred/dcrd/dcrec/secp256k1/v4 v4.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/dgraph-io/badger v1.6.2 // indirect
+	github.com/dgraph-io/badger/v2 v2.2007.4 // indirect
 	github.com/dgraph-io/ristretto v0.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/distribution/reference v0.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/dgryski/go-farm v0.0.0-20200201041132-a6ae2369ad13 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/buildx v0.18.0 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.3+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.8.2 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/go v1.5.1-1.0.20160303222718-d30aec9fd63c // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-events v0.0.0-20190806004212-e31b211e4f1c // indirect
-	github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/go-metrics v0.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f // indirect
 	github.com/fatih/color v1.17.0 // indirect
 	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/fvbommel/sortorder v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3 v3.0.3 // indirect
+	github.com/go-kit/kit v0.13.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-kit/log v0.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/go-logfmt/logfmt v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.8.1 // indirect
+	github.com/go-task/slim-sprig/v3 v3.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/godbus/dbus/v5 v5.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/gofrs/flock v0.12.1 // indirect
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/glog v1.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20210331224755-41bb18bfe9da // indirect
 	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/google/btree v1.1.2 // indirect
+	github.com/google/cel-go v0.20.1 // indirect
 	github.com/google/flatbuffers v24.3.25+incompatible // indirect
-	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20250317173921-a4b03ec1a45e // indirect
+	github.com/google/shlex v0.0.0-20191202100458-e7afc7fbc510 // indirect
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.1 // indirect
+	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.24.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-immutable-radix v1.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-msgpack v0.5.5 // indirect
@@ -86,12 +151,14 @@ require (
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-sockaddr v1.0.6 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-syslog v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-version v1.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2 v2.0.7 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/logutils v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/mdns v1.0.5 // indirect
 	github.com/huandu/xstrings v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/imdario/mergo v0.3.16 // indirect
+	github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/ipfs/go-block-format v0.2.0 // indirect
@@ -101,31 +168,54 @@ require (
 	github.com/ipld/go-codec-dagpb v1.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/ipld/go-ipld-prime v0.21.0 // indirect
 	github.com/ishidawataru/sctp v0.0.0-20230406120618-7ff4192f6ff2 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/chunkreader/v2 v2.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgconn v1.14.3 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgio v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgproto3/v2 v2.3.3 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20221227161230-091c0ba34f0a // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgtype v1.14.0 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgx/v4 v4.18.3 // indirect
 	github.com/jbenet/goprocess v0.1.4 // indirect
 	github.com/josharian/native v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.9 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.8 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.11 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.9 // indirect
+	github.com/lann/builder v0.0.0-20180802200727-47ae307949d0 // indirect
+	github.com/lann/ps v0.0.0-20150810152359-62de8c46ede0 // indirect
+	github.com/libdns/libdns v0.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/libp2p/go-buffer-pool v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p v0.35.4 // indirect
 	github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p-pubsub v0.11.0 // indirect
 	github.com/libp2p/go-msgio v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/manifoldco/promptui v0.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-localereader v0.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.16 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-shellwords v1.0.12 // indirect
 	github.com/mdlayher/genetlink v1.3.2 // indirect
 	github.com/mdlayher/netlink v1.7.2 // indirect
 	github.com/mdlayher/socket v0.5.1 // indirect
-	github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.62 // indirect
+	github.com/mgutz/ansi v0.0.0-20200706080929-d51e80ef957d // indirect
+	github.com/mholt/acmez/v2 v2.0.3 // indirect
+	github.com/miekg/pkcs11 v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/minio/sha256-simd v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/cli v1.1.5 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/copystructure v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mitchellh/go-ps v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/hashstructure/v2 v2.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/reflectwalk v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/buildkit v0.17.2 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/docker-image-spec v1.3.1 // indirect
-	github.com/moby/term v0.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/locker v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/patternmatcher v0.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/sequential v0.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/signal v0.7.1 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/user v0.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/sys/userns v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/morikuni/aec v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6 // indirect
@@ -140,37 +230,94 @@ require (
 	github.com/multiformats/go-multihash v0.2.3 // indirect
 	github.com/multiformats/go-multistream v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/multiformats/go-varint v0.0.7 // indirect
-	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 // indirect
+	github.com/ncruces/go-strftime v0.1.9 // indirect
+	github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2 v2.22.0 // indirect
+	github.com/pelletier/go-toml v1.9.5 // indirect
+	github.com/pires/go-proxyproto v0.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/planetscale/vtprotobuf v0.6.1-0.20240319094008-0393e58bdf10 // indirect
+	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/polydawn/refmt v0.89.0 // indirect
 	github.com/posener/complete v1.2.3 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.20.5 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.6.1 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.61.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.15.1 // indirect
+	github.com/quic-go/qpack v0.5.1 // indirect
+	github.com/quic-go/quic-go v0.48.2 // indirect
+	github.com/remyoudompheng/bigfft v0.0.0-20230129092748-24d4a6f8daec // indirect
 	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 // indirect
+	github.com/rs/xid v1.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/sean-/seed v0.0.0-20170313163322-e2103e2c3529 // indirect
+	github.com/secure-systems-lab/go-securesystemslib v0.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/shibumi/go-pathspec v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/shopspring/decimal v1.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/shurcooL/sanitized_anchor_name v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/siderolabs/gen v0.4.8 // indirect
 	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3 // indirect
+	github.com/slackhq/nebula v1.6.1 // indirect
+	github.com/smallstep/certificates v0.26.1 // indirect
+	github.com/smallstep/nosql v0.6.1 // indirect
+	github.com/smallstep/pkcs7 v0.0.0-20231024181729-3b98ecc1ca81 // indirect
+	github.com/smallstep/scep v0.0.0-20231024192529-aee96d7ad34d // indirect
+	github.com/smallstep/truststore v0.13.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spaolacci/murmur3 v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/cast v1.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5 // indirect
+	github.com/stoewer/go-strcase v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tailscale/tscert v0.0.0-20240517230440-bbccfbf48933 // indirect
+	github.com/theupdateframework/notary v0.7.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tonistiigi/dchapes-mode v0.0.0-20241001053921-ca0759fec205 // indirect
+	github.com/tonistiigi/fsutil v0.0.0-20241028165955-397af5306b5c // indirect
+	github.com/tonistiigi/go-csvvalue v0.0.0-20240710180619-ddb21b71c0b4 // indirect
+	github.com/tonistiigi/units v0.0.0-20180711220420-6950e57a87ea // indirect
+	github.com/tonistiigi/vt100 v0.0.0-20240514184818-90bafcd6abab // indirect
+	github.com/urfave/cli v1.22.16 // indirect
+	github.com/vbatts/tar-split v0.11.6 // indirect
 	github.com/vishvananda/netns v0.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonpointer v0.0.0-20190905194746-02993c407bfb // indirect
+	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonreference v0.0.0-20180127040603-bd5ef7bd5415 // indirect
+	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/zeebo/blake3 v0.2.4 // indirect
+	go.etcd.io/bbolt v1.3.11 // indirect
 	go.opencensus.io v0.24.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.52.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.30.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.30.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.30.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.1.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/google.golang.org/grpc/otelgrpc v0.49.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/httptrace/otelhttptrace v0.46.1 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.58.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.33.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetricgrpc v0.44.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.33.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.27.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.33.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.33.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric v1.32.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.33.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.4.0 // indirect
+	go.step.sm/cli-utils v0.9.0 // indirect
+	go.step.sm/crypto v0.45.0 // indirect
+	go.step.sm/linkedca v0.20.1 // indirect
+	go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.5.3 // indirect
+	go.uber.org/mock v0.5.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20240719175910-8a7402abbf56 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/mod v0.21.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.29.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.18.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20220210224613-90d013bbcef8 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/tools v0.25.0 // indirect
+	go.uber.org/zap/exp v0.2.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto/x509roots/fallback v0.0.0-20240507223354-67b13616a595 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20241215155358-4a5509556b9e // indirect
+	golang.org/x/mod v0.23.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/term v0.29.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.22.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/time v0.8.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/tools v0.30.0 // indirect
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wintun v0.0.0-20230126152724-0fa3db229ce2 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240827150818-7e3bb234dfed // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240827150818-7e3bb234dfed // indirect
-	gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.1 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20240401170217-c3f982113cda // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20241209162323-e6fa225c2576 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 	gvisor.dev/gvisor v0.0.0-20230927004350-cbd86285d259 // indirect
+	howett.net/plist v1.0.0 // indirect
 	lukechampine.com/blake3 v1.3.0 // indirect
+	modernc.org/libc v1.61.13 // indirect
+	modernc.org/mathutil v1.7.1 // indirect
+	modernc.org/memory v1.8.2 // indirect
 )

internal/cli/build.go

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+package cli
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	composetypes "github.com/compose-spec/compose-go/v2/types"
+	"github.com/distribution/reference"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/config"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/image"
+	dockerclient "github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/archive"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/jsonmessage"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/registry"
+	"github.com/moby/term"
+)
+
+type BuildOptions struct {
+	Files    []string
+	Profiles []string
+	Services []string
+	Push     bool
+	NoCache  bool
+}
+
+// GetServicesThatNeedBuild returns a map of services that require building
+func GetServicesThatNeedBuild(project *composetypes.Project) map[string]composetypes.ServiceConfig {
+	servicesToBuild := make(map[string]composetypes.ServiceConfig, len(project.Services))
+	for serviceName, service := range project.Services {
+		if service.Build == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		servicesToBuild[serviceName] = service
+	}
+	return servicesToBuild
+}
+
+// BuildServices builds the services defined in the provided map.
+func BuildServices(ctx context.Context, servicesToBuild map[string]composetypes.ServiceConfig, opts BuildOptions) error {
+	fmt.Println("Building services...")
+
+	// Init docker client (can be local or remote, depending on DOCKER_HOST environment variable)
+	dockerCli, err := dockerclient.NewClientWithOpts(dockerclient.FromEnv, dockerclient.WithAPIVersionNegotiation())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer dockerCli.Close()
+
+	serviceImages := make(map[string]string, len(servicesToBuild))
+
+	// Build the services using the local docker client and compose libraries
+	for _, service := range servicesToBuild {
+		fmt.Printf("Building service: %s\n", service.Name)
+		imageName, err := buildSingleService(ctx, dockerCli, service, opts)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("build service %s: %w", service.Name, err)
+		}
+		serviceImages[service.Name] = imageName
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("Service images are built.\n")
+
+	if opts.Push {
+		err = pushServiceImages(ctx, dockerCli, serviceImages)
+	}
+
+	return err
+}
+
+// buildSingleService builds a single service using the Docker client and Compose libraries.
+func buildSingleService(ctx context.Context, dockerCli *dockerclient.Client, service composetypes.ServiceConfig, opts BuildOptions) (string, error) {
+	if service.Build == nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("service %s has no build configuration", service.Name)
+	}
+	if service.Image == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("service %s has no image specified; building services without image is not supported yet", service.Name)
+	}
+
+	buildContextPath := service.Build.Context
+	imageName := service.Image
+
+	// Create a tar archive of the build context
+	buildContext, err := archive.TarWithOptions(buildContextPath, &archive.TarOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create build context for service %s: %w", service.Name, err)
+	}
+
+	buildOptions := types.ImageBuildOptions{
+		// TODO: Support Dockerfiles outside the build context
+		// See https://github.com/docker/compose/blob/cf89fd1aa1328d5af77658ccc5a1e1b29981ae80/pkg/compose/build_classic.go#L92
+		Dockerfile: service.Build.Dockerfile,
+		Tags:       []string{imageName},
+		Remove:     true, // Remove intermediate containers
+		NoCache:    opts.NoCache,
+	}
+
+	buildResponse, err := dockerCli.ImageBuild(ctx, buildContext, buildOptions)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to build image for service %s: %w", service.Name, err)
+	}
+	defer buildResponse.Body.Close()
+
+	// Display the build response
+	fd, isTerminal := term.GetFdInfo(os.Stdout)
+	if err := jsonmessage.DisplayJSONMessagesStream(buildResponse.Body, os.Stdout, fd, isTerminal, nil); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to display build response for service %s: %w", service.Name, err)
+	}
+
+	return imageName, nil
+}
+
+// pushSingleServiceImage pushes a single service image.
+func pushSingleServiceImage(ctx context.Context, dockerCli *dockerclient.Client, serviceName string, imageName string) error {
+	ref, err := reference.ParseNormalizedNamed(imageName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	repoInfo, err := registry.ParseRepositoryInfo(ref)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	registryKey := repoInfo.Index.Name
+	if repoInfo.Index.Official {
+		registryKey = registry.IndexServer
+	}
+
+	// Load the Docker config file with auth details, if available
+	configFile := config.LoadDefaultConfigFile(os.Stderr)
+
+	authConfig, err := configFile.GetAuthConfig(registryKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	authJSON, err := json.Marshal(authConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal auth config for registry %s: %w", registryKey, err)
+	}
+
+	authStr := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(authJSON)
+
+	pushOptions := image.PushOptions{
+		RegistryAuth: authStr,
+	}
+	pushResponse, err := dockerCli.ImagePush(ctx, imageName, pushOptions)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to push image %s: %w", imageName, err)
+	}
+	defer pushResponse.Close()
+
+	fmt.Printf("Pushing image %s for service %s...\n", imageName, serviceName)
+
+	fd, isTerminal := term.GetFdInfo(os.Stdout)
+	if err := jsonmessage.DisplayJSONMessagesStream(pushResponse, os.Stdout, fd, isTerminal, nil); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to display push response for image %s: %w", imageName, err)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Image %s pushed successfully.\n", imageName)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// pushServiceImages pushes all built service images to the registry.
+func pushServiceImages(ctx context.Context, dockerCli *dockerclient.Client, serviceImages map[string]string) error {
+	fmt.Printf("Pushing images...\n")
+	for serviceName, imageName := range serviceImages {
+		if err := pushSingleServiceImage(ctx, dockerCli, serviceName, imageName); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("push image for service %s: %w", serviceName, err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/cli/cli.go

@@ -4,262 +4,313 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
-	"strings"
-	"text/tabwriter"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli/client"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli/client/connector"
-	"uncloud/internal/cli/config"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
-	"uncloud/internal/secret"
-	"uncloud/internal/sshexec"
+
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/streams"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/cli/config"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/fs"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/sshexec"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/api"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/pkg/client/connector"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/emptypb"
 )
 
-const defaultClusterName = "default"
-
-var (
-	ErrNotFound = errors.New("not found")
-)
+const defaultContextName = "default"
 
 type CLI struct {
-	config *config.Config
+	Config *config.Config
+	conn   *config.MachineConnection
 }
 
-func New(configPath string) (*CLI, error) {
+// New creates a new CLI instance with the given config path or remote machine connection.
+// If the connection is provided, the config is ignored for all operations which is useful for interacting with
+// a cluster without creating a config.
+func New(configPath string, conn *config.MachineConnection) (*CLI, error) {
+	if conn != nil {
+		return &CLI{conn: conn}, nil
+	}
+
 	cfg, err := config.NewFromFile(configPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("read Uncloud config: %w", err)
 	}
+
 	return &CLI{
-		config: cfg,
+		Config: cfg,
 	}, nil
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) CreateCluster(name string, userPrivateKey secret.Secret) error {
-	if _, ok := cli.config.Clusters[name]; ok {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cluster %q already exists", name)
+func (cli *CLI) CreateContext(name string) error {
+	if _, ok := cli.Config.Contexts[name]; ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("context '%s' already exists", name)
 	}
-	if userPrivateKey == nil {
-		user, err := client.NewUser(nil)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("generate user: %w", err)
-		}
-		userPrivateKey = user.PrivateKey()
+	cli.Config.Contexts[name] = &config.Context{
+		Name: name,
 	}
-
-	cli.config.Clusters[name] = &config.Cluster{
-		Name:           name,
-		UserPrivateKey: userPrivateKey,
-	}
-	return cli.config.Save()
+	return cli.Config.Save()
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) CreateDefaultCluster() error {
-	if err := cli.CreateCluster(defaultClusterName, nil); err != nil {
-		return err
+func (cli *CLI) SetCurrentContext(name string) error {
+	if _, ok := cli.Config.Contexts[name]; !ok {
+		return api.ErrNotFound
 	}
-	return cli.SetCurrentCluster(defaultClusterName)
+	cli.Config.CurrentContext = name
+	return cli.Config.Save()
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) SetCurrentCluster(name string) error {
-	if _, ok := cli.config.Clusters[name]; !ok {
-		return ErrNotFound
+// ConnectCluster connects to a cluster using the given context name or the current context if not specified.
+// If the CLI was initialised with a machine connection, the config is ignored and the connection is used instead.
+func (cli *CLI) ConnectCluster(ctx context.Context, contextName string) (*client.Client, error) {
+	if cli.conn != nil {
+		return connectCluster(ctx, *cli.conn)
 	}
-	cli.config.CurrentCluster = name
-	return cli.config.Save()
-}
 
-func (cli *CLI) ConnectCluster(ctx context.Context, clusterName string) (*client.Client, error) {
-	if len(cli.config.Clusters) == 0 {
-		return nil, errors.New(
-			"no clusters found in the Uncloud config. " +
-				"Please initialise a cluster with `uncloud machine init` first",
+	if len(cli.Config.Contexts) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+			"no cluster contexts found in the Uncloud config (%s). "+
+				"Please initialise a cluster with 'uncloud machine init' first",
+			cli.Config.Path(),
 		)
 	}
-	if clusterName == "" {
+	if contextName == "" {
 		// If the cluster is not specified, use the current cluster if set.
-		if cli.config.CurrentCluster == "" {
-			return nil, errors.New(
-				"the current cluster is not set in the Uncloud config. " +
-					"Please specify a cluster with the --cluster flag or set current_cluster in the config",
-			)
-		}
-		if _, ok := cli.config.Clusters[cli.config.CurrentCluster]; !ok {
+		if cli.Config.CurrentContext == "" {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf(
-				"current cluster %q not found in the config. "+
-					"Please specify a cluster with the --cluster flag or update current_cluster in the config",
-				cli.config.CurrentCluster,
+				"the current cluster context is not set in the Uncloud config (%s). "+
+					"Please specify the context with the '--context' flag or set 'current_context' in the config",
+				cli.Config.Path(),
 			)
 		}
-		clusterName = cli.config.CurrentCluster
+		if _, ok := cli.Config.Contexts[cli.Config.CurrentContext]; !ok {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+				"current cluster context '%s' not found in the Uncloud config (%s). "+
+					"Please specify the context with the '--context' flag or update 'current_context' in the config",
+				cli.Config.CurrentContext,
+				cli.Config.Path(),
+			)
+		}
+		contextName = cli.Config.CurrentContext
 	}
 
-	cfg, ok := cli.config.Clusters[clusterName]
+	cfg, ok := cli.Config.Contexts[contextName]
 	if !ok {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cluster %q not found in the config", clusterName)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cluster context '%s' not found in the Uncloud config (%s)",
+			contextName, cli.Config.Path())
 	}
 	if len(cfg.Connections) == 0 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no connection configurations found for cluster %q in the config", clusterName)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+			"no connection configurations found for cluster context '%s' in the Uncloud config (%s)",
+			contextName, cli.Config.Path(),
+		)
 	}
 
 	// TODO: iterate over all connections and try to connect to the cluster using the first successful connection.
 	conn := cfg.Connections[0]
-	user, host, port, err := conn.SSH.Parse()
+
+	c, err := connectCluster(ctx, conn)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse SSH connection %q: %w", conn.SSH, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster (context '%s'): %w", contextName, err)
 	}
-	sshConfig := &connector.SSHConnectorConfig{
-		User: user,
-		Host: host,
-		Port: port,
-	}
-	return client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHConnector(sshConfig))
+
+	return c, nil
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) InitCluster(
-	ctx context.Context, remoteMachine *RemoteMachine, clusterName, machineName string, netPrefix netip.Prefix,
-) error {
-	if remoteMachine != nil {
-		return cli.initRemoteMachine(ctx, *remoteMachine, clusterName, machineName, netPrefix)
+func connectCluster(ctx context.Context, conn config.MachineConnection) (*client.Client, error) {
+	if conn.SSH != "" {
+		user, host, port, err := conn.SSH.Parse()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse SSH connection %q: %w", conn.SSH, err)
+		}
+
+		keyPath := fs.ExpandHomeDir(conn.SSHKeyFile)
+
+		sshConfig := &connector.SSHConnectorConfig{
+			User:    user,
+			Host:    host,
+			Port:    port,
+			KeyPath: keyPath,
+		}
+		return client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHConnector(sshConfig))
+	} else if conn.TCP != nil && conn.TCP.IsValid() {
+		return client.New(ctx, connector.NewTCPConnector(*conn.TCP))
+	}
+
+	return nil, errors.New("connection configuration is invalid")
+}
+
+type InitClusterOptions struct {
+	Context       string
+	MachineName   string
+	Network       netip.Prefix
+	PublicIP      *netip.Addr
+	RemoteMachine *RemoteMachine
+	Version       string
+}
+
+// InitCluster initialises a new cluster on a remote machine and returns a client to interact with the cluster.
+// The client should be closed after use by the caller.
+func (cli *CLI) InitCluster(ctx context.Context, opts InitClusterOptions) (*client.Client, error) {
+	if opts.RemoteMachine != nil {
+		return cli.initRemoteMachine(ctx, opts)
 	}
 	// TODO: implement local machine initialisation
-	return fmt.Errorf("local machine initialisation is not implemented yet")
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("local machine initialisation is not implemented yet")
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) initRemoteMachine(
-	ctx context.Context, remoteMachine RemoteMachine, clusterName, machineName string, netPrefix netip.Prefix,
-) error {
-	if clusterName == "" {
-		clusterName = defaultClusterName
+func (cli *CLI) initRemoteMachine(ctx context.Context, opts InitClusterOptions) (*client.Client, error) {
+	contextName := opts.Context
+	if contextName == "" {
+		contextName = defaultContextName
 	}
-	if _, ok := cli.config.Clusters[clusterName]; ok {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cluster %q already exists", clusterName)
-	}
-	user, err := client.NewUser(nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("generate cluster user: %w", err)
+	if _, ok := cli.Config.Contexts[contextName]; ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cluster context '%s' already exists", contextName)
 	}
 
-	// Provision the remote machine by installing the Uncloud daemon and dependencies over SSH.
-	sshClient, err := sshexec.Connect(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port, remoteMachine.KeyPath)
+	machineClient, err := cli.provisionRemoteMachine(ctx, *opts.RemoteMachine, opts.Version)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(
-			"SSH login to remote machine %s: %w",
-			config.NewSSHDestination(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port), err,
-		)
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	exec := sshexec.NewRemote(sshClient)
-	// Install and run the Uncloud daemon and dependencies on the remote machine.
-	if err = provisionMachine(ctx, exec); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("provision machine: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Create a machine API client over the SSH connection to the remote machine.
-	machineClient, err := client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHConnectorFromClient(sshClient))
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("connect to remote machine: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer machineClient.Close()
+	// Ensure machineClient is closed on error.
+	defer func() {
+		if err != nil {
+			machineClient.Close()
+		}
+	}()
 
 	// Check if the machine is already initialised as a cluster member and prompt the user to reset it first.
 	minfo, err := machineClient.Inspect(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("inspect machine: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("inspect machine: %w", err)
 	}
 	if minfo.Id != "" {
 		if err = cli.promptResetMachine(); err != nil {
-			return err
+			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Check machine meets all necessary system requirements before proceeding.
+	checkResp, err := machineClient.CheckPrerequisites(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
+	// TODO(lhf): remove Unimplemented check when v0.9.0 is released.
+	if err != nil {
+		if status.Convert(err).Code() != codes.Unimplemented {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("check machine prerequisites: %w", err)
+		}
+	} else if !checkResp.Satisfied {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("machine prerequisites not satisfied: %s", checkResp.Error)
+	}
+
 	req := &pb.InitClusterRequest{
-		MachineName: machineName,
-		Network:     pb.NewIPPrefix(netPrefix),
-		User: &pb.User{
-			Network: &pb.NetworkConfig{
-				ManagementIp: pb.NewIP(user.ManagementIP()),
-				PublicKey:    user.PublicKey(),
-			},
-		},
+		MachineName: opts.MachineName,
+		Network:     pb.NewIPPrefix(opts.Network),
 	}
-	resp, err := machineClient.InitCluster(ctx, req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("init cluster: %w", err)
-	}
-	fmt.Printf("Cluster %q initialised with machine %q\n", clusterName, resp.Machine.Name)
-
-	if err = cli.CreateCluster(clusterName, user.PrivateKey()); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("save cluster to config: %w", err)
-	}
-	// Set the current cluster to the just created one if it is the only cluster in the config.
-	if len(cli.config.Clusters) == 1 {
-		if err = cli.SetCurrentCluster(clusterName); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("set current cluster: %w", err)
+	if opts.PublicIP != nil {
+		if opts.PublicIP.IsValid() {
+			req.PublicIpConfig = &pb.InitClusterRequest_PublicIp{PublicIp: pb.NewIP(*opts.PublicIP)}
+		} else {
+			// Invalid or in other words zero IP means to automatically detect the public IP.
+			req.PublicIpConfig = &pb.InitClusterRequest_PublicIpAuto{PublicIpAuto: true}
 		}
 	}
-	// Save the machine's SSH connection details in the cluster config.
+
+	resp, err := machineClient.InitCluster(ctx, req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("init cluster: %w", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("Cluster initialised with machine '%s' and saved as context '%s' in your local config (%s)\n",
+		resp.Machine.Name, contextName, cli.Config.Path())
+	if err = cli.CreateContext(contextName); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("save cluster context to config: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err = cli.SetCurrentContext(contextName); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("set current cluster context: %w", err)
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("Current cluster context is now '%s'.\n", contextName)
+
+	// Save the machine's SSH connection details in the context config.
 	connCfg := config.MachineConnection{
-		SSH: config.NewSSHDestination(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port),
+		SSH:        config.NewSSHDestination(opts.RemoteMachine.User, opts.RemoteMachine.Host, opts.RemoteMachine.Port),
+		SSHKeyFile: opts.RemoteMachine.KeyPath,
 	}
-	cli.config.Clusters[clusterName].Connections = append(cli.config.Clusters[clusterName].Connections, connCfg)
-	if err = cli.config.Save(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("save config: %w", err)
+	cli.Config.Contexts[contextName].Connections = append(cli.Config.Contexts[contextName].Connections, connCfg)
+	if err = cli.Config.Save(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("save config: %w", err)
 	}
-	return nil
+	return machineClient, nil
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, remoteMachine RemoteMachine, clusterName, machineName string) error {
-	c, err := cli.ConnectCluster(ctx, clusterName)
+type AddMachineOptions struct {
+	Context       string
+	MachineName   string
+	PublicIP      *netip.Addr
+	RemoteMachine RemoteMachine
+	Version       string
+}
+
+// AddMachine provisions a remote machine and adds it to the cluster. It returns a cluster client and a machine client.
+// The cluster client is connected to the existing machine in the cluster. It was used to add the new machine to the
+// cluster. The machine client is connected to the new machine and can be used to interact with it.
+// Both client should be closed after use by the caller.
+func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, opts AddMachineOptions) (*client.Client, *client.Client, error) {
+	contextName := opts.Context
+	if contextName == "" {
+		contextName = cli.Config.CurrentContext
+	}
+	c, err := cli.ConnectCluster(ctx, contextName)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster (context '%s'): %w", contextName, err)
 	}
 	defer func() {
-		_ = c.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			c.Close()
+		}
 	}()
 
-	// Provision the remote machine by installing the Uncloud daemon and dependencies over SSH.
-	sshClient, err := sshexec.Connect(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port, remoteMachine.KeyPath)
+	machineClient, err := cli.provisionRemoteMachine(ctx, opts.RemoteMachine, opts.Version)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(
-			"SSH login to remote machine %s: %w",
-			config.NewSSHDestination(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port), err,
-		)
+		return nil, nil, err
 	}
-	exec := sshexec.NewRemote(sshClient)
-	// Install and run the Uncloud daemon and dependencies on the remote machine.
-	if err = provisionMachine(ctx, exec); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("provision machine: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Create a machine API client over the SSH connection to the remote machine.
-	machineClient, err := client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHConnectorFromClient(sshClient))
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("connect to remote machine: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer machineClient.Close()
+	defer func() {
+		if err != nil {
+			machineClient.Close()
+		}
+	}()
 
 	// Check if the machine is already initialised as a cluster member and prompt the user to reset it first.
 	minfo, err := machineClient.Inspect(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("inspect machine: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("inspect machine: %w", err)
 	}
 	if minfo.Id != "" {
 		if err = cli.promptResetMachine(); err != nil {
-			return err
+			return nil, nil, err
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Check machine meets all necessary system requirements before proceeding.
+	checkResp, err := machineClient.CheckPrerequisites(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
+	// TODO(lhf): remove Unimplemented check when v0.9.0 is released.
+	if err != nil {
+		if status.Convert(err).Code() != codes.Unimplemented {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("check machine prerequisites: %w", err)
+		}
+	} else if !checkResp.Satisfied {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("machine prerequisites not satisfied: %s", checkResp.Error)
+	}
+
 	tokenResp, err := machineClient.Token(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("get remote machine token: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("get remote machine token: %w", err)
 	}
 	token, err := machine.ParseToken(tokenResp.Token)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("parse remote machine token: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("parse remote machine token: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	// Register the machine in the cluster using its public key and endpoints from the token.
@@ -268,26 +319,35 @@ func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, remoteMachine RemoteMachine, clu
 		endpoints[i] = pb.NewIPPort(addrPort)
 	}
 	addReq := &pb.AddMachineRequest{
-		Name: machineName,
+		Name: opts.MachineName,
 		Network: &pb.NetworkConfig{
 			Endpoints: endpoints,
 			PublicKey: token.PublicKey,
 		},
 	}
+	if opts.PublicIP != nil {
+		if opts.PublicIP.IsValid() {
+			addReq.PublicIp = pb.NewIP(*opts.PublicIP)
+		} else if token.PublicIP.IsValid() {
+			// Invalid or in other words zero IP means to use an automatically detected public IP from the token.
+			addReq.PublicIp = pb.NewIP(token.PublicIP)
+		}
+	}
+
 	addResp, err := c.AddMachine(ctx, addReq)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add machine to cluster: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("add machine to cluster (context '%s'): %w", contextName, err)
 	}
 
 	// List other machines in the cluster to include them in the join request.
-	listResp, err := c.ListMachines(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
+	machines, err := c.ListMachines(ctx, nil)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("list cluster machines: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("list cluster machines: %w", err)
 	}
-	otherMachines := make([]*pb.MachineInfo, 0, len(listResp.Machines)-1)
-	for _, m := range listResp.Machines {
-		if m.Id != addResp.Machine.Id {
-			otherMachines = append(otherMachines, m)
+	otherMachines := make([]*pb.MachineInfo, 0, len(machines)-1)
+	for _, m := range machines {
+		if m.Machine.Id != addResp.Machine.Id {
+			otherMachines = append(otherMachines, m.Machine)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -297,24 +357,67 @@ func (cli *CLI) AddMachine(ctx context.Context, remoteMachine RemoteMachine, clu
 		OtherMachines: otherMachines,
 	}
 	if _, err = machineClient.JoinCluster(ctx, joinReq); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("join cluster: %w", err)
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("join cluster: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	fmt.Printf("Machine %q added to cluster\n", addResp.Machine.Name)
+	// TODO: fix empty context name when using the current context (contextName == "").
+	fmt.Printf("Machine '%s' added to the cluster (context '%s').\n", addResp.Machine.Name, contextName)
 
-	// Save the machine's SSH connection details in the cluster config.
+	// Save the machine's SSH connection details in the context config.
 	connCfg := config.MachineConnection{
-		SSH: config.NewSSHDestination(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port),
+		SSH:        config.NewSSHDestination(opts.RemoteMachine.User, opts.RemoteMachine.Host, opts.RemoteMachine.Port),
+		SSHKeyFile: opts.RemoteMachine.KeyPath,
 	}
-	if clusterName == "" {
-		clusterName = cli.config.CurrentCluster
+	if contextName == "" {
+		contextName = cli.Config.CurrentContext
 	}
-	cli.config.Clusters[clusterName].Connections = append(cli.config.Clusters[clusterName].Connections, connCfg)
-	if err = cli.config.Save(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("save config: %w", err)
+	cli.Config.Contexts[contextName].Connections = append(cli.Config.Contexts[contextName].Connections, connCfg)
+	if err = cli.Config.Save(); err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("save config: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	return nil
+	return c, machineClient, nil
+}
+
+// provisionRemoteMachine installs the Uncloud daemon and dependencies on the remote machine over SSH and returns
+// a machine API client to interact with the machine. The client should be closed after use by the caller.
+// The version parameter specifies the version of the Uncloud daemon to install. If empty, the latest version is used.
+func (cli *CLI) provisionRemoteMachine(
+	ctx context.Context, remoteMachine RemoteMachine, version string,
+) (*client.Client, error) {
+	// Provision the remote machine by installing the Uncloud daemon and dependencies over SSH.
+	sshClient, err := sshexec.Connect(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port, remoteMachine.KeyPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
+			"SSH login to remote machine %s: %w",
+			config.NewSSHDestination(remoteMachine.User, remoteMachine.Host, remoteMachine.Port), err,
+		)
+	}
+	exec := sshexec.NewRemote(sshClient)
+	// Install and run the Uncloud daemon and dependencies on the remote machine.
+	if err = provisionMachine(ctx, exec, version); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("provision machine: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var machineClient *client.Client
+	if remoteMachine.User == "root" {
+		// Create a machine API client over the established SSH connection to the remote machine.
+		machineClient, err = client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHConnectorFromClient(sshClient))
+	} else {
+		// Since the user is not root, we need to establish a new SSH connection to make the user's addition
+		// to the uncloud group effective, thus allowing access to the Uncloud daemon Unix socket.
+		sshConfig := &connector.SSHConnectorConfig{
+			User:    remoteMachine.User,
+			Host:    remoteMachine.Host,
+			Port:    remoteMachine.Port,
+			KeyPath: remoteMachine.KeyPath,
+		}
+		machineClient, err = client.New(ctx, connector.NewSSHConnector(sshConfig))
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("connect to remote machine: %w", err)
+	}
+	return machineClient, nil
 }
 
 func (cli *CLI) promptResetMachine() error {
@@ -329,7 +432,7 @@ func (cli *CLI) promptResetMachine() error {
 				Negative("No").
 				Value(&confirm),
 		),
-	)
+	).WithAccessible(true)
 	if err := form.Run(); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("prompt user to confirm: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -338,44 +441,11 @@ func (cli *CLI) promptResetMachine() error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("remote machine is already initialised as a cluster member")
 	}
 	// TODO: implement resetting the remote machine.
-	return fmt.Errorf("resetting the remote machine is not implemented yet")
+	return fmt.Errorf("resetting the remote machine is not implemented yet. " +
+		"Please manually run 'uncloud-uninstall' on the remote machine to fully uninstall Uncloud from it")
 }
 
-func (cli *CLI) ListMachines(ctx context.Context, clusterName string) error {
-	c, err := cli.ConnectCluster(ctx, clusterName)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("connect to cluster: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer func() {
-		_ = c.Close()
-	}()
-
-	listResp, err := c.ListMachines(ctx, &emptypb.Empty{})
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("list machines: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Print the list of machines in a table format.
-	tw := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 0, 3, ' ', 0)
-	// Print header.
-	// TODO: print ADDRESS instead of SUBNET which is a machine IP with prefix.
-	if _, err = fmt.Fprintln(tw, "NAME\tSUBNET\tPUBLIC KEY\tENDPOINTS"); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("write header: %w", err)
-	}
-	// Print rows.
-	for _, m := range listResp.Machines {
-		subnet, _ := m.Network.Subnet.ToPrefix()
-		endpoints := make([]string, len(m.Network.Endpoints))
-		for i, ep := range m.Network.Endpoints {
-			addrPort, _ := ep.ToAddrPort()
-			endpoints[i] = addrPort.String()
-		}
-		publicKey := secret.Secret(m.Network.PublicKey)
-		if _, err = fmt.Fprintf(
-			tw, "%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n", m.Name, subnet, publicKey, strings.Join(endpoints, ", "),
-		); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("write row: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-	return tw.Flush()
+// ProgressOut returns an output stream for progress writer.
+func (cli *CLI) ProgressOut() *streams.Out {
+	return streams.NewOut(os.Stdout)
 }

internal/cli/client/client.go

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-package client
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"google.golang.org/grpc"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb"
-)
-
-// Client is a client for the machine API.
-type Client struct {
-	connector Connector
-	conn      *grpc.ClientConn
-
-	pb.MachineClient
-	pb.ClusterClient
-}
-
-// Connector is an interface for establishing a connection to the machine API.
-type Connector interface {
-	Connect(ctx context.Context) (*grpc.ClientConn, error)
-	Close() error
-}
-
-// New creates a new client for the machine API. The connector is used to establish the connection
-// either locally or remotely. The client is responsible for closing the connector.
-func New(ctx context.Context, connector Connector) (*Client, error) {
-	c := &Client{
-		connector: connector,
-	}
-	var err error
-	c.conn, err = connector.Connect(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("connect to machine: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	c.MachineClient = pb.NewMachineClient(c.conn)
-	c.ClusterClient = pb.NewClusterClient(c.conn)
-	return c, nil
-}
-
-func (c *Client) Close() error {
-	err := c.conn.Close()
-	return errors.Join(err, c.connector.Close())
-}

internal/cli/config/cluster.go

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-package config
-
-import "uncloud/internal/secret"
-
-type Cluster struct {
-	Name        string              `toml:"-"`
-	Connections []MachineConnection `toml:"connections"`
-	// UserPrivateKey is the user's WireGuard private key used to connect to cluster machines.
-	UserPrivateKey secret.Secret `toml:"user_private_key"`
-}

internal/cli/config/config.go

@@ -2,14 +2,15 @@ package config
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"github.com/BurntSushi/toml"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+
+	"github.com/goccy/go-yaml"
 )
 
 type Config struct {
-	Clusters       map[string]*Cluster `toml:"clusters"`
-	CurrentCluster string              `toml:"current_cluster"`
+	CurrentContext string              `yaml:"current_context"`
+	Contexts       map[string]*Context `yaml:"contexts"`
 
 	// path is the file path config is read from.
 	path string
@@ -18,10 +19,10 @@ type Config struct {
 func NewFromFile(path string) (*Config, error) {
 	_, err := os.Stat(path)
 	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("check file permissions %q: %w", path, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("check file permissions '%s': %w", path, err)
 	}
 	c := &Config{
-		Clusters: map[string]*Cluster{},
+		Contexts: map[string]*Context{},
 		path:     path,
 	}
 	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
@@ -34,30 +35,37 @@ func NewFromFile(path string) (*Config, error) {
 	return c, nil
 }
 
+func (c *Config) Path() string {
+	return c.path
+}
+
 func (c *Config) Read() error {
-	_, err := toml.DecodeFile(c.path, c)
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(c.path)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("read config file %q: %w", c.path, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("read config file '%s': %w", c.path, err)
 	}
+	if err = yaml.Unmarshal(data, c); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("parse config file '%s': %s", c.path, yaml.FormatError(err, true, true))
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
 func (c *Config) Save() error {
 	dir, _ := filepath.Split(c.path)
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0700); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create config directory %q: %w", dir, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("create config directory '%s': %w", dir, err)
 	}
 
 	f, err := os.OpenFile(c.path, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0600)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("write config file %q: %w", c.path, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("write config file '%s': %w", c.path, err)
 	}
 
-	encoder := toml.NewEncoder(f)
-	encoder.Indent = ""
+	encoder := yaml.NewEncoder(f, yaml.Indent(2), yaml.IndentSequence(true))
 	if err = encoder.Encode(c); err != nil {
 		_ = f.Close()
-		return fmt.Errorf("encode config file %q: %w", c.path, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("encode config file '%s': %w", c.path, err)
 	}
 	return f.Close()
 }

internal/cli/config/connection.go

@@ -2,9 +2,11 @@ package config
 
 import (
 	"net"
+	"net/netip"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
-	"uncloud/internal/secret"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/secret"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -13,9 +15,13 @@ const (
 )
 
 type MachineConnection struct {
-	SSH       SSHDestination `toml:"ssh,omitempty"`
-	Host      string         `toml:"host,omitempty"`
-	PublicKey secret.Secret  `toml:"public_key,omitempty"`
+	SSH        SSHDestination `yaml:"ssh,omitempty"`
+	SSHKeyFile string         `yaml:"ssh_key_file,omitempty"`
+	// TCP is the address and port of the machine's API server.
+	// The pointer is used to omit the field when not set. Otherwise, yaml marshalling includes an empty object.
+	TCP       *netip.AddrPort `yaml:"tcp,omitempty"`
+	Host      string          `yaml:"host,omitempty"`
+	PublicKey secret.Secret   `yaml:"public_key,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // SSHDestination represents an SSH destination string in the canonical form of "user@host:port".

internal/cli/config/context.go

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+package config
+
+type Context struct {
+	Name        string              `yaml:"-"`
+	Connections []MachineConnection `yaml:"connections"`
+}

internal/cli/flags.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package cli
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// ExpandCommaSeparatedValues takes a slice of strings and expands any comma-separated values into individual elements.
+func ExpandCommaSeparatedValues(values []string) []string {
+	if len(values) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var expanded []string
+	for _, value := range values {
+		for _, v := range strings.Split(value, ",") {
+			if v = strings.TrimSpace(v); v != "" {
+				expanded = append(expanded, v)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return expanded
+}

internal/cli/machine.go

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
-	"uncloud/internal/sshexec"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/sshexec"
 )
 
 // TODO: support pinning the script version to the CLI version.
@@ -17,24 +19,38 @@ type RemoteMachine struct {
 	KeyPath string
 }
 
+func installCmd(user string, version string) string {
+	sudoPrefix := ""
+	var env []string
+
+	// Add the SSH user (non-root) to the uncloud group to allow access to the Uncloud daemon unix socket.
+	if user != "root" {
+		sudoPrefix = "sudo"
+		env = append(env, "UNCLOUD_GROUP_ADD_USER="+sshexec.Quote(user))
+	}
+	if version != "" {
+		env = append(env, "UNCLOUD_VERSION="+sshexec.Quote(version))
+	}
+
+	envCmd := strings.Join(env, " ")
+	curlBashCmd := fmt.Sprintf("curl -fsSL %s | %s %s bash", sshexec.Quote(installScriptURL), sudoPrefix, envCmd)
+
+	return curlBashCmd
+}
+
 // provisionMachine provisions the remote machine by downloading the Uncloud install script from GitHub and running it.
-func provisionMachine(ctx context.Context, exec sshexec.Executor) error {
+// If version is specified, it will be passed to the install script as UNCLOUD_VERSION environment variable.
+func provisionMachine(ctx context.Context, exec sshexec.Executor, version string) error {
 	user, err := exec.Run(ctx, "whoami")
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("run whoami: %w", err)
 	}
-	sudoPrefix, env := "", ""
-	if user != "root" {
-		sudoPrefix = "sudo"
-		// Add the SSH user (non-root) to the uncloud group to allow access to the Uncloud daemon unix socket.
-		env = "UNCLOUD_GROUP_ADD_USER=" + user
-	}
+
+	cmd := installCmd(user, version)
 
 	fmt.Println("Downloading Uncloud install script:", installScriptURL)
-	curlBashCmd := fmt.Sprintf(
-		"curl -fsSL %s | %s %s bash", sshexec.Quote(installScriptURL), sudoPrefix, sshexec.Quote(env),
-	)
-	cmd := sshexec.QuoteCommand("bash", "-c", "set -o pipefail; "+curlBashCmd)
+
+	cmd = sshexec.QuoteCommand("bash", "-c", "set -o pipefail; "+cmd)
 	if err = exec.Stream(ctx, cmd, os.Stdout, os.Stderr); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("download and run install script: %w", err)
 	}

internal/cli/machine_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package cli
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestInstallCmd(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("root", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cmd := installCmd("root", "")
+		assert.NotContains(t, cmd, "sudo")
+		assert.NotContains(t, cmd, "UNCLOUD_GROUP_ADD_USER")
+	})
+
+	// Test with version
+	t.Run("root with version", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cmd := installCmd("root", "v1.2.3")
+		assert.NotContains(t, cmd, "sudo")
+		assert.NotContains(t, cmd, "UNCLOUD_GROUP_ADD_USER")
+		assert.Contains(t, cmd, "UNCLOUD_VERSION=v1.2.3")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("nonroot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cmd := installCmd("nonroot", "")
+		assert.Contains(t, cmd, "sudo")
+		assert.Contains(t, cmd, "UNCLOUD_GROUP_ADD_USER=nonroot")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("nonroot with version", func(t *testing.T) {
+		cmd := installCmd("nonroot", "v1.2.3")
+		assert.Contains(t, cmd, "sudo")
+		assert.Contains(t, cmd, "UNCLOUD_GROUP_ADD_USER=nonroot")
+		assert.Contains(t, cmd, "UNCLOUD_VERSION=v1.2.3")
+	})
+}

internal/cli/prompt.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package cli
+
+import "github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
+
+func Confirm() (bool, error) {
+	var confirmed bool
+	form := huh.NewForm(
+		huh.NewGroup(
+			huh.NewConfirm().
+				Title(
+					"Do you want to continue?",
+				).
+				Affirmative("Yes!").
+				Negative("No").
+				Value(&confirmed),
+		),
+	).WithAccessible(true)
+	if err := form.Run(); err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	return confirmed, nil
+}

internal/corrosion/admin.go

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+package corrosion
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"net/netip"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// AdminClient is a client for the Corrosion admin API.
+type AdminClient struct {
+	sockPath string
+}
+
+func NewAdminClient(sockPath string) (*AdminClient, error) {
+	return &AdminClient{sockPath: sockPath}, nil
+}
+
+type Response struct {
+	JSON map[string]any
+	// Err is set if the response is an error or if an error occurred while processing the response.
+	Err error
+}
+
+// SendCommand sends a command to the Corrosion admin API and returns a channel that will receive responses.
+// The channel will be closed after sending the last or error response. The caller must read from the channel until
+// it is closed.
+func (c *AdminClient) SendCommand(cmd []byte) (<-chan Response, error) {
+	conn, err := net.Dial("unix", c.sockPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("connect to admin socket: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if _, err = conn.Write(encodeFrame(cmd)); err != nil {
+		conn.Close()
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("send command: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	ch := make(chan Response)
+	go func() {
+		defer close(ch)
+		defer conn.Close()
+
+		for {
+			r := Response{}
+
+			data, err := readFrame(conn)
+			if err != nil {
+				r.Err = err
+				ch <- r
+				return
+			}
+
+			var decoded any
+			if err = json.Unmarshal(data, &decoded); err != nil {
+				r.Err = fmt.Errorf("unmarshal response: %w", err)
+				ch <- r
+				return
+			}
+
+			switch v := decoded.(type) {
+			case string:
+				if v == "Success" {
+					return
+				}
+				// Ignore other strings.
+			case map[string]any:
+				if errData, ok := v["Error"].(map[string]any); ok {
+					if errMsg, ok := errData["msg"].(string); ok {
+						r.Err = errors.New(errMsg)
+					} else {
+						r.Err = fmt.Errorf("invalid error response: %v", errData)
+					}
+					ch <- r
+					return
+				} else if jsonData, ok := v["Json"].(map[string]any); ok {
+					r.JSON = jsonData
+					ch <- r
+				}
+				// Ignore other maps.
+			default:
+				// Ignore other types.
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return ch, nil
+}
+
+// encodeFrame encodes a length_delimited Tokio frame by prefacing frame data with a frame head that specifies
+// the length of the frame.
+func encodeFrame(data []byte) []byte {
+	encoded := make([]byte, 4+len(data))
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(encoded, uint32(len(data)))
+	copy(encoded[4:], data)
+	return encoded
+}
+
+// readFrame reads a length_delimited Tokio frame from the connection by extracting the frame data that follows
+// the frame head.
+func readFrame(conn net.Conn) ([]byte, error) {
+	// Read the frame head (4 bytes).
+	head := make([]byte, 4)
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(conn, head); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("read frame head: %w", err)
+	}
+	// Read the frame data (length specified in the frame head).
+	length := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(head)
+	data := make([]byte, length)
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(conn, data); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("read frame data: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+type ClusterMembershipState struct {
+	ID        string
+	Addr      netip.AddrPort
+	State     string
+	Timestamp time.Time
+}
+
+var (
+	// MembershipStateAlive indicates that the member is active.
+	MembershipStateAlive string = "Alive"
+	// MembershipStateSuspect indicates that the member is active, but at least one cluster member suspects its down.
+	// For all purposes, a Suspect member is treated as if it were Alive until either it refutes the suspicion
+	// (becoming Alive) or fails to do so (being declared Down).
+	MembershipStateSuspect string = "Suspect"
+	// MembershipStateDown indicates that the member is confirmed Down. A member that reaches this state can't join
+	// the cluster with the same identity until the cluster forgets this knowledge.
+	MembershipStateDown string = "Down"
+)
+
+func parseClusterMembershipState(json map[string]any) (ClusterMembershipState, error) {
+	// Example JSON:
+	//  {
+	//    "id": {
+	//      "addr": "[fdcc:1d51:6bae:6bb2:53c0:8796:1be0:b783]:51001",
+	//      "cluster_id": 0,
+	//      "id": "10d69d6f-6578-4dcf-a285-e860e40c5f06",
+	//      "ts": 7435936225798880256
+	//    },
+	//    "incarnation": 0,
+	//    "state": "Down"
+	//  }
+
+	var state ClusterMembershipState
+	var err error
+
+	idObj, ok := json["id"].(map[string]any)
+	if !ok {
+		return state, fmt.Errorf("missing or invalid 'id' field")
+	}
+
+	// ID
+	if id, ok := idObj["id"].(string); ok {
+		state.ID = id
+	} else {
+		return state, fmt.Errorf("missing or invalid 'id' field")
+	}
+
+	// Addr
+	if addr, ok := idObj["addr"].(string); ok {
+		state.Addr, err = netip.ParseAddrPort(addr)
+		if err != nil {
+			return state, fmt.Errorf("parse 'addr' field: %w", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		return state, fmt.Errorf("missing or invalid 'addr' field")
+	}
+
+	// State
+	if stateStr, ok := json["state"].(string); ok {
+		switch stateStr {
+		case MembershipStateAlive, MembershipStateSuspect, MembershipStateDown:
+			state.State = stateStr
+		default:
+			return state, fmt.Errorf("invalid 'state' field: %s", stateStr)
+		}
+	} else {
+		return state, fmt.Errorf("missing or invalid 'state' field")
+	}
+
+	// Timestamp
+	if ts, ok := idObj["ts"].(float64); ok {
+		state.Timestamp = ntp64ToTime(uint64(ts))
+	} else {
+		return state, fmt.Errorf("missing or invalid 'ts' field")
+	}
+
+	return state, nil
+}
+
+// nt64ToTime converts a 64-bit NTP timestamp relative to the Unix epoch (1st Jan 1970) to time.Time.
+// See for more details: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5905#section-6
+func ntp64ToTime(ntp uint64) time.Time {
+	// The NTP timestamp returned from Corrosion is relative to the Unix epoch (1st Jan 1970)
+	// so no need to subtract the 70 years offset.
+	secs := uint32(ntp >> 32)
+	frac := uint32(ntp)
+	// Convert the fraction to nanoseconds: frac * 1e9 / 2^32
+	nsecs := (uint64(frac) * 1000_000_000) >> 32
+
+	return time.Unix(int64(secs), int64(nsecs))
+}
+
+// ClusterMembershipStates returns the current membership SWIM states of all cluster members.
+// If latest is true, only the latest state of each member is returned.
+func (c *AdminClient) ClusterMembershipStates(latest bool) ([]ClusterMembershipState, error) {
+	respCh, err := c.SendCommand([]byte("{\"Cluster\":\"MembershipStates\"}"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var (
+		states       []ClusterMembershipState
+		latestStates map[string]ClusterMembershipState
+		parseErr     error
+	)
+	if latest {
+		latestStates = make(map[string]ClusterMembershipState)
+	}
+
+	for r := range respCh {
+		if r.Err != nil {
+			// It's safe to return here because the channel is closed after the first error response.
+			return nil, r.Err
+		}
+
+		s, err := parseClusterMembershipState(r.JSON)
+		if err != nil {
+			// Do not return early to drain the channel.
+			parseErr = errors.Join(parseErr, err)
+		} else {
+			if latest {
+				if existing, ok := latestStates[s.ID]; !ok || existing.Timestamp.Before(s.Timestamp) {
+					latestStates[s.ID] = s
+				}
+			} else {
+				states = append(states, s)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if latest {
+		states = make([]ClusterMembershipState, 0, len(latestStates))
+		for _, s := range latestStates {
+			states = append(states, s)
+		}
+	}
+	return states, parseErr
+}

internal/corrosion/client.go

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+package corrosion
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
+	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/netip"
+	"net/url"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	// http2ConnectTimeout is the maximum amount of time an HTTP2 client will wait for a connection to be established.
+	http2ConnectTimeout = 3 * time.Second
+	// http2MaxRetryTime is the maximum amount of time an HTTP2 client will retry a request.
+	http2MaxRetryTime = 10 * time.Second
+	// resubscribeMaxRetryTime is the maximum amount of time an API client will retry resubscribing to a query after
+	// an error occurs.
+	resubscribeMaxRetryTime = 60 * time.Second
+)
+
+// APIClient is a client for the Corrosion API.
+type APIClient struct {
+	baseURL         *url.URL
+	client          *http.Client
+	newResubBackoff func() backoff.BackOff
+}
+
+// NewAPIClient creates a new Corrosion API client. The client retries on network errors using an exponential backoff
+// policy with a maximum interval of 1 second and a maximum elapsed time of 10 seconds.
+// It automatically resubscribes to active subscriptions if an error occurs using an exponential backoff policy with a
+// maximum interval of 1 second and a maximum elapsed time of 60 seconds.
+// Use the WithHTTP2Client option to provide a custom HTTP client and the WithResubscribeBackoff option to change the
+// backoff policy for resubscribing to a query.
+func NewAPIClient(addr netip.AddrPort, opts ...APIClientOption) (*APIClient, error) {
+	baseURL, err := url.Parse(fmt.Sprintf("http://%s", addr))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid URL: %w", err)
+	}
+	c := &APIClient{
+		baseURL: baseURL,
+		client: &http.Client{
+			Transport: &RetryRoundTripper{
+				Base: &http2.Transport{
+					AllowHTTP: true,
+					DialTLSContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string, _ *tls.Config) (net.Conn, error) {
+						dialer := &net.Dialer{
+							Timeout: http2ConnectTimeout,
+						}
+						return dialer.DialContext(ctx, network, addr)
+					},
+				},
+				NewBackoff: func() backoff.BackOff {
+					return backoff.NewExponentialBackOff(
+						backoff.WithInitialInterval(100*time.Millisecond),
+						backoff.WithMaxInterval(1*time.Second),
+						backoff.WithMaxElapsedTime(http2MaxRetryTime),
+					)
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		newResubBackoff: func() backoff.BackOff {
+			return backoff.NewExponentialBackOff(
+				backoff.WithInitialInterval(100*time.Millisecond),
+				backoff.WithMaxInterval(1*time.Second),
+				backoff.WithMaxElapsedTime(resubscribeMaxRetryTime),
+			)
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, opt := range opts {
+		opt(c)
+	}
+	return c, nil
+}
+
+type APIClientOption func(*APIClient)
+
+func WithHTTP2Client(client *http.Client) APIClientOption {
+	return func(c *APIClient) {
+		c.client = client
+	}
+}
+
+// WithResubscribeBackoff sets the backoff policy for resubscribing to a query if an error occurs.
+// Pass nil to disable resubscribing.
+func WithResubscribeBackoff(newBackoff func() backoff.BackOff) APIClientOption {
+	return func(c *APIClient) {
+		c.newResubBackoff = newBackoff
+	}
+}
+
+type RetryRoundTripper struct {
+	Base http.RoundTripper
+	// NewBackoff creates a new backoff policy for each request.
+	NewBackoff func() backoff.BackOff
+}
+
+func (rt *RetryRoundTripper) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+	roundTrip := func() (*http.Response, error) {
+		resp, err := rt.Base.RoundTrip(req)
+		if err != nil {
+			var opErr *net.OpError
+			if errors.As(err, &opErr) {
+				// Not certain, but I expect operational errors should generally be retryable.
+				slog.Debug("Retrying corrosion API request due to network error.", "error", err)
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			// Don't retry on other errors.
+			return nil, backoff.Permanent(err)
+		}
+		// Success, don't retry.
+		return resp, err
+	}
+	boff := backoff.WithContext(rt.NewBackoff(), req.Context())
+	return backoff.RetryWithData(roundTrip, boff)
+}
+
+type RetrySubscription struct {
+	ctx    context.Context
+	cancel context.CancelFunc
+
+	client       *APIClient
+	sub          *Subscription
+	changes      chan *ChangeEvent
+	lastChangeID uint64
+	err          error
+	backoff      backoff.BackOff
+}
+
+func NewRetrySubscription(ctx context.Context, client *APIClient, sub *Subscription, boff backoff.BackOff) *RetrySubscription {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	if boff == nil {
+		boff = backoff.NewExponentialBackOff(
+			backoff.WithInitialInterval(100*time.Millisecond),
+			backoff.WithMaxInterval(1*time.Second),
+			backoff.WithMaxElapsedTime(60*time.Second),
+		)
+	}
+	return &RetrySubscription{
+		ctx:     ctx,
+		cancel:  cancel,
+		client:  client,
+		sub:     sub,
+		backoff: backoff.WithContext(boff, ctx),
+	}
+}
+
+func (rs *RetrySubscription) ID() string {
+	return rs.sub.ID()
+}
+
+func (rs *RetrySubscription) Changes() (<-chan *ChangeEvent, error) {
+	if rs.changes != nil {
+		return rs.changes, nil
+	}
+
+	// Ensure the rows are consumed if they have been requested.
+	changes, err := rs.sub.Changes()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	rs.lastChangeID = rs.sub.lastChangeID
+
+	go func() {
+		defer close(rs.changes)
+
+		var change *ChangeEvent
+		for {
+			select {
+			case change = <-changes:
+			case <-rs.ctx.Done():
+				return
+			}
+
+			if change != nil {
+				select {
+				case rs.changes <- change:
+				case <-rs.ctx.Done():
+					return
+				}
+				rs.lastChangeID = change.ChangeID
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// The underlying subscription has been closed due to an error or context cancellation.
+			// Return if the context is done or try to resubscribe otherwise.
+			if rs.ctx.Err() != nil {
+				return
+			}
+
+			if err = rs.resubscribe(); err != nil {
+				// resubscribe returns a permanent error after unsuccessful retries.
+				rs.err = fmt.Errorf("resubscribe to query: %w", err)
+				return
+			}
+			changes, err = rs.sub.Changes()
+			if err != nil {
+				// Unexpected error but report it anyway.
+				rs.err = err
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return rs.changes, nil
+}
+
+func (rs *RetrySubscription) resubscribe() error {
+	return backoff.Retry(func() error {
+		slog.Debug("Resubscribing to Corrosion query.", "id", rs.ID(), "from_change", rs.lastChangeID)
+		sub, err := rs.client.ResubscribeContext(rs.ctx, rs.ID(), rs.lastChangeID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rs.sub = sub
+		return nil
+	}, rs.backoff)
+}
+
+func (rs *RetrySubscription) Err() error {
+	return rs.err
+}
+
+func (rs *RetrySubscription) Close() {
+	rs.cancel()
+}

internal/corrosion/query.go

@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+package corrosion
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+)
+
+type Statement struct {
+	Query  string `json:"query"`
+	Params []any  `json:"params"`
+}
+
+type ExecResponse struct {
+	Results []ExecResult `json:"results"`
+	Time    float64      `json:"time"`
+	Version *uint        `json:"version"`
+}
+
+type ExecResult struct {
+	RowsAffected uint    `json:"rows_affected"`
+	Time         float64 `json:"time"`
+	Error        *string `json:"error"`
+}
+
+// ExecContext writes changes to the Corrosion database for propagation through the cluster. The args are for any
+// placeholder parameters in the query. Corrosion does not sync schema changes made using this method. Use Corrosion's
+// schema_files to create and update the cluster's database schema.
+func (c *APIClient) ExecContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...any) (*ExecResult, error) {
+	statements := []Statement{
+		{
+			Query:  query,
+			Params: args,
+		},
+	}
+	resp, err := c.ExecMultiContext(ctx, statements...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if len(resp.Results) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no results: %+v", resp)
+	}
+	return &resp.Results[0], nil
+}
+
+// ExecMultiContext writes changes to the Corrosion database for propagation through the cluster.
+// Unlike ExecContext, this method allows multiple statements to be executed in a single transaction.
+func (c *APIClient) ExecMultiContext(ctx context.Context, statements ...Statement) (*ExecResponse, error) {
+	body, err := json.Marshal(statements)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("marshal queries: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	transactionsURL := c.baseURL.JoinPath("/v1/transactions").String()
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", transactionsURL, bytes.NewReader(body))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := c.client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("send request: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	var execResp ExecResponse
+	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusOK {
+		if err = json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&execResp); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("decode response: %w", err)
+		}
+		// The response may still contain DB errors even if the status code is OK. Return them along with the response.
+		var errs []error
+		for _, result := range execResp.Results {
+			if result.Error != nil {
+				errs = append(errs, errors.New(*result.Error))
+			}
+		}
+		return &execResp, errors.Join(errs...)
+	} else if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusInternalServerError {
+		// If the response is an Internal Server Error, the response body may contain the error encoded as ExecResponse.
+		respBody, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("read response body: %w", err)
+		}
+		if err = json.Unmarshal(respBody, &execResp); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("internal server error: %s", respBody)
+		}
+		if len(execResp.Results) > 0 && execResp.Results[0].Error != nil {
+			return nil, errors.New(*execResp.Results[0].Error)
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("internal server error: %s", respBody)
+	}
+
+	respBody, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("read response body: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected status code %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, respBody)
+}
+
+type QueryEvent struct {
+	Columns []string     `json:"columns"`
+	Row     *RowEvent    `json:"row"`
+	EOQ     *EndOfQuery  `json:"eoq"`
+	Change  *ChangeEvent `json:"change"`
+	// Error is a server-side error that occurred during query execution. It's considered fatal for the client
+	// as it cannot be recovered from server-side.
+	Error *string `json:"error"`
+}
+
+type EndOfQuery struct {
+	Time     float64 `json:"time"`
+	ChangeID *uint64 `json:"change_id"`
+}
+
+type RowEvent struct {
+	RowID  uint64
+	Values []json.RawMessage
+}
+
+func (re *RowEvent) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	var raw []json.RawMessage
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &raw); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid row event: %w", err)
+	}
+	if len(raw) != 2 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid row event: expected an array of 2 elements")
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw[0], &re.RowID); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid row event: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw[1], &re.Values); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid row event: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (re *RowEvent) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal([]any{re.RowID, re.Values})
+}
+
+// QueryContext executes a query that returns rows, typically a SELECT.
+// The args are for any placeholder parameters in the query.
+func (c *APIClient) QueryContext(ctx context.Context, query string, args ...any) (*Rows, error) {
+	statement := Statement{
+		Query:  query,
+		Params: args,
+	}
+	body, err := json.Marshal(statement)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("marshal query: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	queriesURL := c.baseURL.JoinPath("/v1/queries").String()
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", queriesURL, bytes.NewReader(body))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := c.client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("send request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		respBody, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		resp.Body.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("read response body: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected status code %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, respBody)
+	}
+
+	rows, err := newRows(ctx, resp.Body, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		resp.Body.Close()
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse query response: %w", err)
+	}
+	return rows, nil
+}
+
+// Rows is the result of a query. Its cursor starts before the first row of the result set.
+// Use [Rows.Next] to advance from row to row.
+type Rows struct {
+	ctx        context.Context
+	body       io.ReadCloser
+	decoder    *json.Decoder
+	eoq        *EndOfQuery
+	closeOnEOQ bool
+
+	columns []string
+	row     RowEvent
+	err     error
+}
+
+func newRows(ctx context.Context, body io.ReadCloser, closeOnEOQ bool) (*Rows, error) {
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return nil, ctx.Err()
+	default:
+	}
+
+	decoder := json.NewDecoder(body)
+	var e QueryEvent
+	if err := decoder.Decode(&e); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("decode query event: %w", err)
+	}
+	if e.Columns == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("expected columns event, got: %+v", e)
+	}
+
+	return &Rows{
+		ctx:        ctx,
+		body:       body,
+		decoder:    decoder,
+		closeOnEOQ: closeOnEOQ,
+		columns:    e.Columns,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// Columns returns the column names.
+func (rs *Rows) Columns() []string {
+	return rs.columns
+}
+
+// Next prepares the next result row for reading with the [Rows.Scan] method. It returns true on success, or false
+// if there is no next result row or an error happened while preparing it. [Rows.Err] should be consulted to distinguish
+// between the two cases.
+//
+// Every call to [Rows.Scan], even the first one, must be preceded by a call to [Rows.Next].
+func (rs *Rows) Next() bool {
+	select {
+	case <-rs.ctx.Done():
+		rs.err = rs.ctx.Err()
+		_ = rs.Close()
+		return false
+	default:
+	}
+
+	var e QueryEvent
+	if err := rs.decoder.Decode(&e); err != nil {
+		rs.err = fmt.Errorf("decode query event: %w", err)
+		_ = rs.Close()
+		return false
+	}
+	// Server-side query error.
+	if e.Error != nil {
+		rs.err = fmt.Errorf("query error: %s", *e.Error)
+		_ = rs.Close()
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if e.Row != nil {
+		if len(e.Row.Values) != len(rs.columns) {
+			rs.err = fmt.Errorf("expected %d column values, got %d", len(rs.columns), len(e.Row.Values))
+			_ = rs.Close()
+			return false
+		}
+		rs.row = *e.Row
+		return true
+	}
+	if e.EOQ != nil {
+		rs.eoq = e.EOQ
+		// Rows could be used as part of a subscription, so don't close the body if so.
+		if rs.closeOnEOQ {
+			_ = rs.Close()
+		}
+		return false
+	}
+
+	rs.err = fmt.Errorf("expected row or eof event, got: %+v", e)
+	_ = rs.Close()
+	return false
+}
+
+// Err returns the error, if any, that was encountered during iteration.
+// Err may be called after an explicit or implicit [Rows.Close].
+func (rs *Rows) Err() error {
+	return rs.err
+}
+
+// Scan copies the columns in the current row into the values pointed at by dest.
+// The number of values in dest must be the same as the number of columns in [Rows].
+// Scan converts JSON-encoded column values to the provided Go types using [json.Unmarshal].
+func (rs *Rows) Scan(dest ...any) error {
+	if rs.err != nil {
+		return rs.err
+	}
+	if len(dest) != len(rs.columns) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected %d values, got %d", len(rs.columns), len(dest))
+	}
+
+	for i, v := range rs.row.Values {
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(v, dest[i]); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal column value #%d: %w", i, err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Time returns the time taken to execute the query in seconds. It's only available after all rows have been consumed.
+// It doesn't include the time to send the query, receive the response, or iterate over the rows.
+func (rs *Rows) Time() (float64, error) {
+	if rs.eoq == nil {
+		if rs.Err() != nil {
+			return 0, fmt.Errorf("time is not available: %w", rs.Err())
+		}
+		return 0, errors.New("time is not available until all rows are consumed")
+	}
+	return rs.eoq.Time, nil
+}
+
+// Close closes the [Rows], preventing further enumeration. If [Rows.Next] is called and returns false,
+// the [Rows] are closed automatically and it will suffice to check the result of [Rows.Err].
+// Close is idempotent and does not affect the result of [Rows.Err].
+func (rs *Rows) Close() error {
+	return rs.body.Close()
+}

internal/corrosion/subscribe.go

@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+package corrosion
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
+	"io"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net/http"
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+type ChangeType string
+
+var (
+	ChangeTypeInsert ChangeType = "insert"
+	ChangeTypeUpdate ChangeType = "update"
+	ChangeTypeDelete ChangeType = "delete"
+)
+
+type ChangeEvent struct {
+	Type     ChangeType
+	RowID    uint64
+	Values   []json.RawMessage
+	ChangeID uint64
+}
+
+func (ce *ChangeEvent) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	var raw []json.RawMessage
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &raw); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid change event: %w", err)
+	}
+	if len(raw) != 4 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid change event: expected an array of 4 elements")
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw[0], &ce.Type); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid change event type: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw[1], &ce.RowID); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid change event row ID: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw[2], &ce.Values); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid change event values: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw[3], &ce.ChangeID); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid change event change ID: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (ce *ChangeEvent) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal([]any{ce.Type, ce.RowID, ce.Values, ce.ChangeID})
+}
+
+// Scan copies the column values in the change event into the values pointed at by dest.
+// The number of values in dest must be the same as the number of columns in the change.
+// Scan converts JSON-encoded column values to the provided Go types using [json.Unmarshal].
+func (ce *ChangeEvent) Scan(dest ...any) error {
+	if len(dest) != len(ce.Values) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected %d values, got %d", len(ce.Values), len(dest))
+	}
+
+	for i, v := range ce.Values {
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(v, dest[i]); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal column value #%d: %w", i, err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Subscription receives updates from the Corrosion database for a desired SQL query.
+type Subscription struct {
+	ctx    context.Context
+	cancel context.CancelFunc
+
+	id           string
+	rows         *Rows
+	body         io.ReadCloser
+	decoder      *json.Decoder
+	resubscribe  func(ctx context.Context, fromChange uint64) (*Subscription, error)
+	changes      chan *ChangeEvent
+	lastChangeID uint64
+	err          error
+}
+
+func newSubscription(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	id string,
+	rows *Rows,
+	body io.ReadCloser,
+	decoder *json.Decoder,
+	resubscribe func(ctx context.Context, fromChange uint64) (*Subscription, error),
+) *Subscription {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	if decoder == nil {
+		decoder = json.NewDecoder(body)
+	}
+	return &Subscription{
+		ctx:         ctx,
+		cancel:      cancel,
+		id:          id,
+		rows:        rows,
+		body:        body,
+		decoder:     decoder,
+		resubscribe: resubscribe,
+	}
+}
+
+// ID returns the subscription ID.
+func (s *Subscription) ID() string {
+	return s.id
+}
+
+// Rows returns the rows of the query or nil if skipRows was true when creating the subscription or if the subscription
+// was created with [APIClient.ResubscribeContext].
+func (s *Subscription) Rows() *Rows {
+	return s.rows
+}
+
+// Changes returns a channel that receives change events for the query. Changes are not available until all rows
+// are consumed. The channel is closed when the context is done, or an error occurs while reading the changes,
+// or when the subscription is closed explicitly. If it's closed due to an error, [Subscription.Err] will return
+// the error.
+func (s *Subscription) Changes() (<-chan *ChangeEvent, error) {
+	if s.changes != nil {
+		return s.changes, nil
+	}
+
+	if s.rows != nil {
+		if s.rows.eoq == nil {
+			return nil, errors.New("changes are not available until all rows are consumed")
+		}
+		s.lastChangeID = *s.rows.eoq.ChangeID
+	}
+	s.changes = make(chan *ChangeEvent)
+
+	go func() {
+		// Close the body when the context is done to unblock the decoder in the following goroutine.
+		<-s.ctx.Done()
+		s.body.Close()
+	}()
+	go s.handleChangeEvents()
+
+	return s.changes, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Subscription) handleChangeEvents() {
+	defer s.cancel()
+	defer close(s.changes)
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-s.ctx.Done():
+			return
+		default:
+		}
+
+		var e QueryEvent
+		var err error
+		if err = s.decoder.Decode(&e); err != nil {
+			// Do not report an error that occurred due to context cancellation, just return.
+			if s.ctx.Err() != nil {
+				return
+			}
+			err = fmt.Errorf("decode query event: %w", err)
+		} else if e.Error != nil {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("query error: %s", *e.Error)
+		} else if e.Change == nil {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("expected change event, got: %+v", e)
+		} else if s.lastChangeID != 0 && e.Change.ChangeID != s.lastChangeID+1 {
+			// If skipRows is true, the last change ID is unknown.
+			err = fmt.Errorf("missed a change: expected change ID %d, got %d",
+				s.lastChangeID+1, e.Change.ChangeID)
+		}
+
+		if err == nil {
+			s.lastChangeID = e.Change.ChangeID
+			select {
+			case s.changes <- e.Change:
+			case <-s.ctx.Done():
+				return
+			}
+		} else {
+			// Report the error if resubscribing is disabled.
+			if s.resubscribe == nil {
+				s.err = err
+				return
+			}
+
+			slog.Info("Resubscribing to Corrosion query due to an error.",
+				"err", err, "id", s.id, "from_change", s.lastChangeID)
+			sub, sErr := s.resubscribe(s.ctx, s.lastChangeID)
+			if sErr != nil {
+				// resubscribe returns a permanent error after unsuccessful retries.
+				s.err = fmt.Errorf("resubscribe to query with backoff: %w", sErr)
+				return
+			}
+			// Reset the subscription to the new one.
+			s.rows = nil
+			s.body = sub.body
+			s.decoder = sub.decoder
+			// Do not close the sub to not close the body.
+			sub.cancel()
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Err returns the error, if any, that was encountered during fetching changes.
+// Err may be called after an explicit or implicit [Subscription.Close].
+func (s *Subscription) Err() error {
+	return s.err
+}
+
+func (s *Subscription) Close() error {
+	s.cancel()
+	return s.body.Close()
+}
+
+// SubscribeContext creates a subscription to receive updates for a desired SQL query. If skipRows is false,
+// Subscription.Rows must be consumed before Subscription.Changes can be called. If skipRows is true, Subscription.Rows
+// will return nil.
+func (c *APIClient) SubscribeContext(
+	ctx context.Context, query string, args []any, skipRows bool,
+) (*Subscription, error) {
+	statement := Statement{
+		Query:  query,
+		Params: args,
+	}
+	body, err := json.Marshal(statement)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("marshal query: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	subURL := c.baseURL.JoinPath("/v1/subscriptions")
+	if skipRows {
+		q := subURL.Query()
+		q.Set("skip_rows", "true")
+		subURL.RawQuery = q.Encode()
+	}
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", subURL.String(), bytes.NewReader(body))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := c.client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("send request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		respBody, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		resp.Body.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("read response body: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected status code %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, respBody)
+	}
+
+	id := resp.Header.Get("corro-query-id")
+	if id == "" {
+		resp.Body.Close()
+		return nil, errors.New("missing corro-query-id header in response")
+	}
+
+	if skipRows {
+		return newSubscription(ctx, id, nil, resp.Body, nil, c.resubscribeWithBackoffFn(id)), nil
+	}
+
+	rows, err := newRows(ctx, resp.Body, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		resp.Body.Close()
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse query response: %w", err)
+	}
+	return newSubscription(ctx, id, rows, rows.body, rows.decoder, c.resubscribeWithBackoffFn(id)), nil
+}
+
+func (c *APIClient) resubscribeWithBackoffFn(id string) func(context.Context, uint64) (*Subscription, error) {
+	if c.newResubBackoff == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return func(ctx context.Context, fromChange uint64) (*Subscription, error) {
+		return backoff.RetryWithData(func() (*Subscription, error) {
+			slog.Debug("Retrying to resubscribe to Corrosion query.", "id", id, "from_change", fromChange)
+			return c.ResubscribeContext(ctx, id, fromChange)
+		}, c.newResubBackoff())
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *APIClient) ResubscribeContext(ctx context.Context, id string, fromChange uint64) (*Subscription, error) {
+	subURL := c.baseURL.JoinPath("/v1/subscriptions", id)
+	q := subURL.Query()
+	q.Set("from", strconv.FormatUint(fromChange, 10))
+	subURL.RawQuery = q.Encode()
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "GET", subURL.String(), nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := c.client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("send request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		respBody, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		resp.Body.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("read response body: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected status code %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, respBody)
+	}
+
+	return newSubscription(ctx, id, nil, resp.Body, nil, c.resubscribeWithBackoffFn(id)), nil
+}

internal/daemon/daemon.go

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	systemd "github.com/coreos/go-systemd/daemon"
 	"log/slog"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
 )
 
 type Daemon struct {
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func (d *Daemon) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
 		case <-d.machine.Started():
 			_, err := systemd.SdNotify(false, systemd.SdNotifyReady)
 			if err != nil {
-				slog.Error("Failed to notify systemd that the daemon is ready.", "error", err)
+				slog.Error("Failed to notify systemd that the daemon is ready.", "err", err)
 			}
 		case <-ctx.Done():
 		}

internal/daemon/token.go

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@ package daemon
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine"
+	"github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/network"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine"
-	"uncloud/internal/machine/network"
 )
 
 // MachineToken returns the local machine's token that can be used for adding the machine to a cluster.
@@ -37,5 +37,5 @@ func MachineToken(dataDir string) (machine.Token, error) {
 	for i, ip := range ips {
 		endpoints[i] = netip.AddrPortFrom(ip, network.WireGuardPort)
 	}
-	return machine.NewToken(state.Network.PublicKey, endpoints), nil
+	return machine.NewToken(state.Network.PublicKey, publicIP, endpoints), nil
 }

internal/dns/api.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package dns
+
+const (
+	RecordTypeA    RecordType = "A"
+	RecordTypeAAAA RecordType = "AAAA"
+)
+
+type RecordType string
+
+type DomainResponse struct {
+	Name  string `json:"name,omitempty"`
+	Token string `json:"token,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type RecordRequest struct {
+	Name   string     `json:"name,omitempty"`
+	Type   RecordType `json:"type,omitempty"`
+	Values []string   `json:"values,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type RecordResponse struct {
+	RecordRequest
+	FQDN string `json:"fqdn,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type AuthErrorResponse struct {
+	Status  int           `json:"status,omitempty"`
+	Message string        `json:"msg,omitempty"`
+	Data    authErrorData `json:"data,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type authErrorData struct {
+	NoDomain bool `json:"noDomain,omitempty"`
+}

internal/dns/client.go

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+package dns
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net/http"
+)
+
+// The dns package code is based on https://github.com/acorn-io/runtime/blob/main/pkg/dns.
+
+// Client handles interactions with the Uncloud DNS API service.
+type Client interface {
+	// ReserveDomain calls Uncloud DNS to reserve a new domain. It returns the domain, a token for authentication,
+	// and an error.
+	ReserveDomain(endpoint string) (string, string, error)
+
+	// CreateRecords calls Uncloud DNS to create or update DNS records based on the supplied RecordRequests
+	// for the specified domain.
+	CreateRecords(endpoint, domain, token string, records []RecordRequest) ([]RecordResponse, error)
+}
+
+// ErrAuthNoDomain indicates that a request failed authentication because the domain was not found.
+// If encountered, a new domain needs to be reserved.
+var ErrAuthNoDomain = errors.New("the supplied domain failed authentication")
+
+// NewClient creates a new AcornDNS client
+func NewClient() Client {
+	return &client{
+		c: http.DefaultClient,
+	}
+}
+
+type client struct {
+	c *http.Client
+}
+
+func (c *client) ReserveDomain(endpoint string) (string, string, error) {
+	url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", endpoint, "domains")
+
+	req, err := c.request(http.MethodPost, url, nil, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+
+	resp := &DomainResponse{}
+	err = c.do(req, resp)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+
+	return resp.Name, resp.Token, nil
+}
+
+func (c *client) CreateRecords(endpoint, domain, token string, records []RecordRequest) ([]RecordResponse, error) {
+	url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/domains/%s/records", endpoint, domain)
+
+	var resp []RecordResponse
+	for _, recordRequest := range records {
+		body, err := jsonBody(recordRequest)
+		if err != nil {
+			return resp, err
+		}
+
+		req, err := c.request(http.MethodPost, url, body, token)
+		if err != nil {
+			return resp, err
+		}
+
+		var recordResp RecordResponse
+		if err = c.do(req, &recordResp); err != nil {
+			return resp, err
+		}
+		resp = append(resp, recordResp)
+	}
+
+	return resp, nil
+}
+
+func (c *client) request(method string, url string, body io.Reader, token string) (*http.Request, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(method, url, body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	req.Header.Add("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	if token != "" {
+		bearer := "Bearer " + token
+		req.Header.Add("Authorization", bearer)
+	}
+
+	return req, nil
+}
+
+func (c *client) do(req *http.Request, responseBody any) error {
+	slog.Debug("Making request to DNS service.", "method", req.Method, "url", req.URL)
+
+	resp, err := c.c.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	slog.Debug("Response code for request to DNS service.",
+		"method", req.Method, "url", req.URL, "code", resp.StatusCode)
+	// When err is nil, resp contains a non-nil resp.Body which must be closed.
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("read response body: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		var authError AuthErrorResponse
+
+		err = json.Unmarshal(body, &authError)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal auth error response: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		if authError.Data.NoDomain {
+			return ErrAuthNoDomain
+		}
+
+		return errors.New("authentication failed")
+	}
+
+	if code := resp.StatusCode; code < 200 || code > 300 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unexpected response status code: %d", code)
+	}
+
+	if responseBody != nil {
+		err = json.Unmarshal(body, responseBody)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unmarshal response body (%s): %w", string(body), err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func jsonBody(payload any) (io.Reader, error) {
+	buf := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	err := json.NewEncoder(buf).Encode(payload)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return buf, nil
+}

internal/docker/client.go

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package docker
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/client"
+	"log/slog"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// WaitDaemonReady waits for the Docker daemon to start and be ready to serve requests.
+func WaitDaemonReady(ctx context.Context, cli *client.Client) error {
+	// Retry to ping the Docker daemon until it's ready or the context is canceled.
+	boff := backoff.WithContext(backoff.NewExponentialBackOff(
+		backoff.WithInitialInterval(100*time.Millisecond),
+		backoff.WithMaxInterval(1*time.Second),
+		backoff.WithMaxElapsedTime(0),
+	), ctx)
+
+	waitingLogged := false
+	ping := func() error {
+		_, err := cli.Ping(ctx)
+		if err == nil {
+			if waitingLogged {
+				slog.Info("Docker daemon is ready.")
+			}
+			return nil
+		}
+		if !client.IsErrConnectionFailed(err) {
+			return backoff.Permanent(fmt.Errorf("connect to Docker daemon: %w", err))
+		}
+
+		if !waitingLogged {
+			slog.Info("Waiting for Docker daemon to start and be ready.")
+			waitingLogged = true
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := backoff.Retry(ping, boff); err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("ping Docker: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/fs/fs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+package fs
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/user"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+func ExpandHomeDir(path string) string {
+	if len(path) == 0 {
+		return path
+	}
+	if path[0] == '~' {
+		home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+		if err != nil {
+			return path
+		}
+		return strings.Replace(path, "~", home, 1)
+	}
+	return path
+}
+
+// LookupUIDGID returns the user and group IDs for the given username.
+func LookupUIDGID(username string) (uid, gid int, err error) {
+	usr, err := user.Lookup(username)
+	if err != nil {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("lookup user %q: %w", username, err)
+		return
+	}
+	uid, err = strconv.Atoi(usr.Uid)
+	if err != nil {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("parse %q user ID (UID) %q: %w", username, usr.Uid, err)
+		return
+	}
+	gid, err = strconv.Atoi(usr.Gid)
+	if err != nil {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("parse %q user group ID (GID) %q: %w", username, usr.Gid, err)
+		return
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func Chown(path, username, group string) error {
+	uid, gid := -1, -1
+	if username != "" {
+		usr, err := user.Lookup(username)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("lookup user %q: %w", username, err)
+		}
+		uid, err = strconv.Atoi(usr.Uid)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parse %q user ID (UID) %q: %w", username, usr.Uid, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if group != "" {
+		grp, err := user.LookupGroup(group)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("lookup group %q: %w", group, err)
+		}
+		gid, err = strconv.Atoi(grp.Gid)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parse %q group ID (GID) %q: %w", group, grp.Gid, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := os.Chown(path, uid, gid); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("chown %q: %w", path, err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/fs/fs_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package fs
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestExpandHomeDir(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("empty", func(t *testing.T) {
+		assert.Equal(t, "", ExpandHomeDir(""))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("no home", func(t *testing.T) {
+		assert.Equal(t, "/path", ExpandHomeDir("/path"))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("home", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Setenv("HOME", "/home/user")
+		assert.Equal(t, "/home/user/path", ExpandHomeDir("~/path"))
+	})
+}

internal/log/handler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+package log
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log/slog"
+	"sync"
+)
+
+// SlogTextHandler extends the standard [slog.TextHandler] to provide custom formatting that is very similar
+// to the default slog handler. It prefixes each log entry with a right-padded level indicator and message,
+// while excluding the default time, level, and message attributes from the structured output.
+//
+// The output format is:
+// LEVEL MESSAGE key1=value1 key2=value2
+type SlogTextHandler struct {
+	*slog.TextHandler
+	opts slog.HandlerOptions
+	mu   sync.Mutex
+	w    io.Writer
+}
+
+func NewSlogTextHandler(w io.Writer, opts *slog.HandlerOptions) *SlogTextHandler {
+	if opts == nil {
+		opts = &slog.HandlerOptions{}
+	}
+	// Remove time, level, and message from the default attributes.
+	opts.ReplaceAttr = func(groups []string, a slog.Attr) slog.Attr {
+		if a.Key == slog.TimeKey || a.Key == slog.LevelKey || a.Key == slog.MessageKey {
+			return slog.Attr{}
+		}
+		return a
+	}
+
+	return &SlogTextHandler{
+		TextHandler: slog.NewTextHandler(w, opts),
+		opts:        *opts,
+		w:           w,
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *SlogTextHandler) Enabled(ctx context.Context, level slog.Level) bool {
+	return h.TextHandler.Enabled(ctx, level)
+}
+
+func (h *SlogTextHandler) WithAttrs(attrs []slog.Attr) slog.Handler {
+	return &SlogTextHandler{
+		TextHandler: h.TextHandler.WithAttrs(attrs).(*slog.TextHandler),
+		opts:        h.opts,
+		w:           h.w,
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *SlogTextHandler) WithGroup(name string) slog.Handler {
+	return &SlogTextHandler{
+		TextHandler: h.TextHandler.WithGroup(name).(*slog.TextHandler),
+		opts:        h.opts,
+		w:           h.w,
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *SlogTextHandler) Handle(ctx context.Context, r slog.Record) error {
+	// Only log entries that are at or above the minimum level (INFO by default).
+	minLevel := slog.LevelInfo
+	if h.opts.Level != nil {
+		minLevel = h.opts.Level.Level()
+	}
+	if r.Level < minLevel {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	defer h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	levelMsg := fmt.Sprintf("%-5s %s ", r.Level.String(), r.Message)
+	if _, err := h.w.Write([]byte(levelMsg)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return h.TextHandler.Handle(ctx, r)
+}

internal/machine/api/pb/cluster.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package pb
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 )
@@ -40,10 +39,3 @@ func (c *NetworkConfig) Validate() error {
 
 	return nil
 }
-
-func (r *AddMachineRequest) Validate() error {
-	if r.Network == nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("network not set")
-	}
-	return r.Network.Validate()
-}

internal/machine/api/pb/cluster.proto

@@ -6,62 +6,73 @@ option go_package = "github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb";
 
 import "google/protobuf/empty.proto";
 import "internal/machine/api/pb/common.proto";
+import "internal/machine/api/pb/machine.proto";
 
 service Cluster {
   rpc AddMachine(AddMachineRequest) returns (AddMachineResponse);
   rpc ListMachines(google.protobuf.Empty) returns (ListMachinesResponse);
-  rpc ListMachineEndpoints(ListMachineEndpointsRequest) returns (ListMachineEndpointsResponse);
+
+  rpc ReserveDomain(ReserveDomainRequest) returns (Domain);
+  rpc GetDomain(google.protobuf.Empty) returns (Domain);
+  rpc ReleaseDomain(google.protobuf.Empty) returns (Domain);
+  rpc CreateDomainRecords(CreateDomainRecordsRequest) returns (CreateDomainRecordsResponse);
 }
 
 message AddMachineRequest {
   string name = 1;
   NetworkConfig network = 2;
+  IP public_ip = 3;
 }
 
 message AddMachineResponse {
   MachineInfo machine = 1;
 }
 
+message MachineMember {
+  MachineInfo machine = 1;
+
+  enum MembershipState {
+    UNKNOWN = 0;
+    // The member is active.
+    UP = 1;
+    // The member is active, but at least one cluster member suspects its down. For all purposes,
+    // a SUSPECT member is treated as if it were UP until either it refutes the suspicion (becoming UP)
+    // or fails to do so (being declared DOWN).
+    SUSPECT = 2;
+    // The member is confirmed DOWN.
+    DOWN = 3;
+  }
+  MembershipState state = 2;
+}
+
 message ListMachinesResponse {
-  repeated MachineInfo machines = 1;
+  repeated MachineMember machines = 1;
 }
 
-message ListMachineEndpointsRequest {
-  string id = 1;
+message Domain {
+  string name = 1;
 }
 
-message ListMachineEndpointsResponse {
-  MachineEndpoints endpoints = 1;
+message ReserveDomainRequest {
+  string endpoint = 1;
 }
 
-message MachineInfo {
-  string id = 1;
-  string name = 2;
-  NetworkConfig network = 3;
+message CreateDomainRecordsRequest {
+  repeated DNSRecord records = 1;
 }
 
-message NetworkConfig {
-  IPPrefix subnet = 1;
-  IP management_ip = 2;
-  repeated IPPort endpoints = 3;
-  bytes publicKey = 4;
+message CreateDomainRecordsResponse {
+  repeated DNSRecord records = 1;
 }
 
-message MachineEndpoints {
-  string id = 1;
-  repeated IPPort endpoints = 2;
-}
+message DNSRecord {
+  string name = 1;
 
-message User {
-  NetworkConfig network = 1;
+  enum RecordType {
+    UNSPECIFIED = 0;
+    A = 1;
+    AAAA = 2;
+  }
+  RecordType type = 2;
+  repeated string values = 3;
 }
-
-message State {
-  IPPrefix Network = 1;
-  // The machine configuration in the state is the source of truth set by the administrator.
-  // The machine itself can't update it.
-  map<string, MachineInfo> machines = 2;
-  map<string, MachineEndpoints> endpoints = 3;
-  repeated User users = 4;
-}
-

internal/machine/api/pb/cluster_grpc.pb.go

@@ -20,9 +20,12 @@ import (
 const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion9
 
 const (
-	Cluster_AddMachine_FullMethodName           = "/api.Cluster/AddMachine"
-	Cluster_ListMachines_FullMethodName         = "/api.Cluster/ListMachines"
-	Cluster_ListMachineEndpoints_FullMethodName = "/api.Cluster/ListMachineEndpoints"
+	Cluster_AddMachine_FullMethodName          = "/api.Cluster/AddMachine"
+	Cluster_ListMachines_FullMethodName        = "/api.Cluster/ListMachines"
+	Cluster_ReserveDomain_FullMethodName       = "/api.Cluster/ReserveDomain"
+	Cluster_GetDomain_FullMethodName           = "/api.Cluster/GetDomain"
+	Cluster_ReleaseDomain_FullMethodName       = "/api.Cluster/ReleaseDomain"
+	Cluster_CreateDomainRecords_FullMethodName = "/api.Cluster/CreateDomainRecords"
 )
 
 // ClusterClient is the client API for Cluster service.
@@ -31,7 +34,10 @@ const (
 type ClusterClient interface {
 	AddMachine(ctx context.Context, in *AddMachineRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AddMachineResponse, error)
 	ListMachines(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListMachinesResponse, error)
-	ListMachineEndpoints(ctx context.Context, in *ListMachineEndpointsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListMachineEndpointsResponse, error)
+	ReserveDomain(ctx context.Context, in *ReserveDomainRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*Domain, error)
+	GetDomain(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*Domain, error)
+	ReleaseDomain(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*Domain, error)
+	CreateDomainRecords(ctx context.Context, in *CreateDomainRecordsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*CreateDomainRecordsResponse, error)
 }
 
 type clusterClient struct {
@@ -62,10 +68,40 @@ func (c *clusterClient) ListMachines(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opt
 	return out, nil
 }
 
-func (c *clusterClient) ListMachineEndpoints(ctx context.Context, in *ListMachineEndpointsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*ListMachineEndpointsResponse, error) {
+func (c *clusterClient) ReserveDomain(ctx context.Context, in *ReserveDomainRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*Domain, error) {
 	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(ListMachineEndpointsResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, Cluster_ListMachineEndpoints_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	out := new(Domain)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, Cluster_ReserveDomain_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func (c *clusterClient) GetDomain(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*Domain, error) {
+	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
+	out := new(Domain)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, Cluster_GetDomain_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func (c *clusterClient) ReleaseDomain(ctx context.Context, in *emptypb.Empty, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*Domain, error) {
+	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
+	out := new(Domain)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, Cluster_ReleaseDomain_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func (c *clusterClient) CreateDomainRecords(ctx context.Context, in *CreateDomainRecordsRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*CreateDomainRecordsResponse, error) {
+	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
+	out := new(CreateDomainRecordsResponse)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, Cluster_CreateDomainRecords_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -78,7 +114,10 @@ func (c *clusterClient) ListMachineEndpoints(ctx context.Context, in *ListMachin
 type ClusterServer interface {
 	AddMachine(context.Context, *AddMachineRequest) (*AddMachineResponse, error)
 	ListMachines(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*ListMachinesResponse, error)
-	ListMachineEndpoints(context.Context, *ListMachineEndpointsRequest) (*ListMachineEndpointsResponse, error)
+	ReserveDomain(context.Context, *ReserveDomainRequest) (*Domain, error)
+	GetDomain(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*Domain, error)
+	ReleaseDomain(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*Domain, error)
+	CreateDomainRecords(context.Context, *CreateDomainRecordsRequest) (*CreateDomainRecordsResponse, error)
 	mustEmbedUnimplementedClusterServer()
 }
 
@@ -95,8 +134,17 @@ func (UnimplementedClusterServer) AddMachine(context.Context, *AddMachineRequest
 func (UnimplementedClusterServer) ListMachines(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*ListMachinesResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method ListMachines not implemented")
 }
-func (UnimplementedClusterServer) ListMachineEndpoints(context.Context, *ListMachineEndpointsRequest) (*ListMachineEndpointsResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method ListMachineEndpoints not implemented")
+func (UnimplementedClusterServer) ReserveDomain(context.Context, *ReserveDomainRequest) (*Domain, error) {
+	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method ReserveDomain not implemented")
+}
+func (UnimplementedClusterServer) GetDomain(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*Domain, error) {
+	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method GetDomain not implemented")
+}
+func (UnimplementedClusterServer) ReleaseDomain(context.Context, *emptypb.Empty) (*Domain, error) {
+	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method ReleaseDomain not implemented")
+}
+func (UnimplementedClusterServer) CreateDomainRecords(context.Context, *CreateDomainRecordsRequest) (*CreateDomainRecordsResponse, error) {
+	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method CreateDomainRecords not implemented")
 }
 func (UnimplementedClusterServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedClusterServer() {}
 func (UnimplementedClusterServer) testEmbeddedByValue()                 {}
@@ -155,20 +203,74 @@ func _Cluster_ListMachines_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec fun
 	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
 }
 
-func _Cluster_ListMachineEndpoints_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(ListMachineEndpointsRequest)
+func _Cluster_ReserveDomain_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
+	in := new(ReserveDomainRequest)
 	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(ClusterServer).ListMachineEndpoints(ctx, in)
+		return srv.(ClusterServer).ReserveDomain(ctx, in)
 	}
 	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
 		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: Cluster_ListMachineEndpoints_FullMethodName,
+		FullMethod: Cluster_ReserveDomain_FullMethodName,
 	}
 	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(ClusterServer).ListMachineEndpoints(ctx, req.(*ListMachineEndpointsRequest))
+		return srv.(ClusterServer).ReserveDomain(ctx, req.(*ReserveDomainRequest))
+	}
+	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
+}
+
+func _Cluster_GetDomain_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
+	in := new(emptypb.Empty)
+	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if interceptor == nil {
+		return srv.(ClusterServer).GetDomain(ctx, in)
+	}
+	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
+		Server:     srv,
+		FullMethod: Cluster_GetDomain_FullMethodName,
+	}
+	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+		return srv.(ClusterServer).GetDomain(ctx, req.(*emptypb.Empty))
+	}
+	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
+}
+
+func _Cluster_ReleaseDomain_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
+	in := new(emptypb.Empty)
+	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if interceptor == nil {
+		return srv.(ClusterServer).ReleaseDomain(ctx, in)
+	}
+	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
+		Server:     srv,
+		FullMethod: Cluster_ReleaseDomain_FullMethodName,
+	}
+	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+		return srv.(ClusterServer).ReleaseDomain(ctx, req.(*emptypb.Empty))
+	}
+	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
+}
+
+func _Cluster_CreateDomainRecords_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
+	in := new(CreateDomainRecordsRequest)
+	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if interceptor == nil {
+		return srv.(ClusterServer).CreateDomainRecords(ctx, in)
+	}
+	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
+		Server:     srv,
+		FullMethod: Cluster_CreateDomainRecords_FullMethodName,
+	}
+	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
+		return srv.(ClusterServer).CreateDomainRecords(ctx, req.(*CreateDomainRecordsRequest))
 	}
 	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
 }
@@ -189,8 +291,20 @@ var Cluster_ServiceDesc = grpc.ServiceDesc{
 			Handler:    _Cluster_ListMachines_Handler,
 		},
 		{
-			MethodName: "ListMachineEndpoints",
-			Handler:    _Cluster_ListMachineEndpoints_Handler,
+			MethodName: "ReserveDomain",
+			Handler:    _Cluster_ReserveDomain_Handler,
+		},
+		{
+			MethodName: "GetDomain",
+			Handler:    _Cluster_GetDomain_Handler,
+		},
+		{
+			MethodName: "ReleaseDomain",
+			Handler:    _Cluster_ReleaseDomain_Handler,
+		},
+		{
+			MethodName: "CreateDomainRecords",
+			Handler:    _Cluster_CreateDomainRecords_Handler,
 		},
 	},
 	Streams:  []grpc.StreamDesc{},

internal/machine/api/pb/common.pb.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 package pb
 
 import (
+	status "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc/status"
 	protoreflect "google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect"
 	protoimpl "google.golang.org/protobuf/runtime/protoimpl"
 	reflect "reflect"
@@ -20,6 +21,171 @@ const (
 	_ = protoimpl.EnforceVersion(protoimpl.MaxVersion - 20)
 )
 
+// Common metadata message nested in all reply message types, injected by the gRPC proxy to provide information
+// about the machine that responded to the request.
+type Metadata struct {
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	// Address of the machine the response came from.
+	Machine string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=machine,proto3" json:"machine,omitempty"`
+	// error is set if the request to upstream failed. The rest of the response is undefined.
+	Error string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=error,proto3" json:"error,omitempty"`
+	// error as a gRPC Status message.
+	Status *status.Status `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=status,proto3" json:"status,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (x *Metadata) Reset() {
+	*x = Metadata{}
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x *Metadata) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*Metadata) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *Metadata) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[0]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use Metadata.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*Metadata) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{0}
+}
+
+func (x *Metadata) GetMachine() string {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Machine
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (x *Metadata) GetError() string {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Error
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (x *Metadata) GetStatus() *status.Status {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Status
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// A helper message for marshalling the metadata field and injecting it into the response by the gRPC proxy.
+type Empty struct {
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	Metadata *Metadata `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=metadata,proto3" json:"metadata,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (x *Empty) Reset() {
+	*x = Empty{}
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x *Empty) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*Empty) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *Empty) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[1]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use Empty.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*Empty) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
+}
+
+func (x *Empty) GetMetadata() *Metadata {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Metadata
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// EmptyResponse is a response message to be returned by the gRPC proxy when a request to the upstream failed.
+// The nested Empty.Metadata message should contain an error.
+type EmptyResponse struct {
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	Messages []*Empty `protobuf:"bytes,1,rep,name=messages,proto3" json:"messages,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (x *EmptyResponse) Reset() {
+	*x = EmptyResponse{}
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x *EmptyResponse) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*EmptyResponse) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *EmptyResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[2]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use EmptyResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*EmptyResponse) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{2}
+}
+
+func (x *EmptyResponse) GetMessages() []*Empty {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Messages
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 type IP struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -31,7 +197,7 @@ type IP struct {
 func (x *IP) Reset() {
 	*x = IP{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[3]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -44,7 +210,7 @@ func (x *IP) String() string {
 func (*IP) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *IP) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[0]
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[3]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -57,7 +223,7 @@ func (x *IP) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use IP.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*IP) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{0}
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{3}
 }
 
 func (x *IP) GetIp() []byte {
@@ -79,7 +245,7 @@ type IPPort struct {
 func (x *IPPort) Reset() {
 	*x = IPPort{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[4]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -92,7 +258,7 @@ func (x *IPPort) String() string {
 func (*IPPort) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *IPPort) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[1]
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[4]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -105,7 +271,7 @@ func (x *IPPort) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use IPPort.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*IPPort) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{4}
 }
 
 func (x *IPPort) GetIp() *IP {
@@ -134,7 +300,7 @@ type IPPrefix struct {
 func (x *IPPrefix) Reset() {
 	*x = IPPrefix{}
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
-		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[5]
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
 	}
@@ -147,7 +313,7 @@ func (x *IPPrefix) String() string {
 func (*IPPrefix) ProtoMessage() {}
 
 func (x *IPPrefix) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[2]
+	mi := &file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[5]
 	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
@@ -160,7 +326,7 @@ func (x *IPPrefix) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 
 // Deprecated: Use IPPrefix.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*IPPrefix) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{2}
+	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{5}
 }
 
 func (x *IPPrefix) GetIp() *IP {
@@ -182,20 +348,34 @@ var File_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor
 var file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x0a, 0x24, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x65, 0x72, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x2f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x68, 0x69,
 	0x6e, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x69, 0x2f, 0x70, 0x62, 0x2f, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e,
-	0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x12, 0x03, 0x61, 0x70, 0x69, 0x22, 0x14, 0x0a, 0x02, 0x49,
-	0x50, 0x12, 0x0e, 0x0a, 0x02, 0x69, 0x70, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0c, 0x52, 0x02, 0x69,
-	0x70, 0x22, 0x35, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x49, 0x50, 0x50, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x74, 0x12, 0x17, 0x0a, 0x02, 0x69,
-	0x70, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x32, 0x07, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x69, 0x2e, 0x49, 0x50,
-	0x52, 0x02, 0x69, 0x70, 0x12, 0x12, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x74, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01,
-	0x28, 0x0d, 0x52, 0x04, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x74, 0x22, 0x37, 0x0a, 0x08, 0x49, 0x50, 0x50, 0x72,
-	0x65, 0x66, 0x69, 0x78, 0x12, 0x17, 0x0a, 0x02, 0x69, 0x70, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0b,
-	0x32, 0x07, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x69, 0x2e, 0x49, 0x50, 0x52, 0x02, 0x69, 0x70, 0x12, 0x12, 0x0a,
-	0x04, 0x62, 0x69, 0x74, 0x73, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0d, 0x52, 0x04, 0x62, 0x69, 0x74,
-	0x73, 0x42, 0x37, 0x5a, 0x35, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f,
-	0x70, 0x73, 0x76, 0x69, 0x64, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x6b, 0x69, 0x2f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x6c, 0x6f,
-	0x75, 0x64, 0x2f, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x65, 0x72, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x2f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x68,
-	0x69, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x69, 0x2f, 0x70, 0x62, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74,
-	0x6f, 0x33,
+	0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x12, 0x03, 0x61, 0x70, 0x69, 0x1a, 0x17, 0x67, 0x6f, 0x6f,
+	0x67, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x72, 0x70, 0x63, 0x2f, 0x73, 0x74, 0x61, 0x74, 0x75, 0x73, 0x2e, 0x70,
+	0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0x66, 0x0a, 0x08, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x61, 0x64, 0x61, 0x74, 0x61,
+	0x12, 0x18, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28,
+	0x09, 0x52, 0x07, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x12, 0x14, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x65, 0x72,
+	0x72, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x05, 0x65, 0x72, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x72,
+	0x12, 0x2a, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x73, 0x74, 0x61, 0x74, 0x75, 0x73, 0x18, 0x03, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0b,
+	0x32, 0x12, 0x2e, 0x67, 0x6f, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x2e, 0x72, 0x70, 0x63, 0x2e, 0x53, 0x74,
+	0x61, 0x74, 0x75, 0x73, 0x52, 0x06, 0x73, 0x74, 0x61, 0x74, 0x75, 0x73, 0x22, 0x32, 0x0a, 0x05,
+	0x45, 0x6d, 0x70, 0x74, 0x79, 0x12, 0x29, 0x0a, 0x08, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x61, 0x64, 0x61, 0x74,
+	0x61, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x32, 0x0d, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x69, 0x2e, 0x4d, 0x65,
+	0x74, 0x61, 0x64, 0x61, 0x74, 0x61, 0x52, 0x08, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x61, 0x64, 0x61, 0x74, 0x61,
+	0x22, 0x37, 0x0a, 0x0d, 0x45, 0x6d, 0x70, 0x74, 0x79, 0x52, 0x65, 0x73, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x73,
+	0x65, 0x12, 0x26, 0x0a, 0x08, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x61, 0x67, 0x65, 0x73, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20,
+	0x03, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x32, 0x0a, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x69, 0x2e, 0x45, 0x6d, 0x70, 0x74, 0x79, 0x52,
+	0x08, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x61, 0x67, 0x65, 0x73, 0x22, 0x14, 0x0a, 0x02, 0x49, 0x50, 0x12,
+	0x0e, 0x0a, 0x02, 0x69, 0x70, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0c, 0x52, 0x02, 0x69, 0x70, 0x22,
+	0x35, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x49, 0x50, 0x50, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x74, 0x12, 0x17, 0x0a, 0x02, 0x69, 0x70, 0x18,
+	0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x32, 0x07, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x69, 0x2e, 0x49, 0x50, 0x52, 0x02,
+	0x69, 0x70, 0x12, 0x12, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x74, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0d,
+	0x52, 0x04, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x74, 0x22, 0x37, 0x0a, 0x08, 0x49, 0x50, 0x50, 0x72, 0x65, 0x66,
+	0x69, 0x78, 0x12, 0x17, 0x0a, 0x02, 0x69, 0x70, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x32, 0x07,
+	0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x69, 0x2e, 0x49, 0x50, 0x52, 0x02, 0x69, 0x70, 0x12, 0x12, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x62,
+	0x69, 0x74, 0x73, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0d, 0x52, 0x04, 0x62, 0x69, 0x74, 0x73, 0x42,
+	0x37, 0x5a, 0x35, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x70, 0x73,
+	0x76, 0x69, 0x64, 0x65, 0x72, 0x73, 0x6b, 0x69, 0x2f, 0x75, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x64,
+	0x2f, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x65, 0x72, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x2f, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6e,
+	0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x69, 0x2f, 0x70, 0x62, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }
 
 var (
@@ -210,20 +390,27 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 	return file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDescData
 }
 
-var file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 3)
+var file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 6)
 var file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_goTypes = []any{
-	(*IP)(nil),       // 0: api.IP
-	(*IPPort)(nil),   // 1: api.IPPort
-	(*IPPrefix)(nil), // 2: api.IPPrefix
+	(*Metadata)(nil),      // 0: api.Metadata
+	(*Empty)(nil),         // 1: api.Empty
+	(*EmptyResponse)(nil), // 2: api.EmptyResponse
+	(*IP)(nil),            // 3: api.IP
+	(*IPPort)(nil),        // 4: api.IPPort
+	(*IPPrefix)(nil),      // 5: api.IPPrefix
+	(*status.Status)(nil), // 6: google.rpc.Status
 }
 var file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
-	0, // 0: api.IPPort.ip:type_name -> api.IP
-	0, // 1: api.IPPrefix.ip:type_name -> api.IP
-	2, // [2:2] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	2, // [2:2] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	2, // [2:2] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	2, // [2:2] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0, // [0:2] is the sub-list for field type_name
+	6, // 0: api.Metadata.status:type_name -> google.rpc.Status
+	0, // 1: api.Empty.metadata:type_name -> api.Metadata
+	1, // 2: api.EmptyResponse.messages:type_name -> api.Empty
+	3, // 3: api.IPPort.ip:type_name -> api.IP
+	3, // 4: api.IPPrefix.ip:type_name -> api.IP
+	5, // [5:5] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	5, // [5:5] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	5, // [5:5] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	5, // [5:5] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0, // [0:5] is the sub-list for field type_name
 }
 
 func init() { file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_init() }
@@ -233,7 +420,7 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_init() {
 	}
 	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
 		file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
-			switch v := v.(*IP); i {
+			switch v := v.(*Metadata); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -245,7 +432,7 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
-			switch v := v.(*IPPort); i {
+			switch v := v.(*Empty); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
 			case 1:
@@ -257,6 +444,42 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_init() {
 			}
 		}
 		file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
+			switch v := v.(*EmptyResponse); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[3].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
+			switch v := v.(*IP); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[4].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
+			switch v := v.(*IPPort); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_msgTypes[5].Exporter = func(v any, i int) any {
 			switch v := v.(*IPPrefix); i {
 			case 0:
 				return &v.state
@@ -275,7 +498,7 @@ func file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_init() {
 			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
 			RawDescriptor: file_internal_machine_api_pb_common_proto_rawDesc,
 			NumEnums:      0,
-			NumMessages:   3,
+			NumMessages:   6,
 			NumExtensions: 0,
 			NumServices:   0,
 		},

internal/machine/api/pb/common.proto

@@ -4,6 +4,31 @@ package api;
 
 option go_package = "github.com/psviderski/uncloud/internal/machine/api/pb";
 
+// Vendored at internal/machine/api/vendor/google/rpc/status.proto.
+import "google/rpc/status.proto";
+
+// Common metadata message nested in all reply message types, injected by the gRPC proxy to provide information
+// about the machine that responded to the request.
+message Metadata {
+  // Address of the machine the response came from.
+  string machine = 1;
+  // error is set if the request to upstream failed. The rest of the response is undefined.
+  string error = 2;
+  // error as a gRPC Status message.
+  google.rpc.Status status = 3;
+}
+
+// A helper message for marshalling the metadata field and injecting it into the response by the gRPC proxy.
+message Empty {
+  Metadata metadata = 1;
+}
+
+// EmptyResponse is a response message to be returned by the gRPC proxy when a request to the upstream failed.
+// The nested Empty.Metadata message should contain an error.
+message EmptyResponse {
+  repeated Empty messages = 1;
+}
+
 message IP {
   bytes ip = 1;
 }