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docs: split 'Deploy to specific machines' and 'Deploy a global service' into separate guides
This commit is contained in:
Pasha Sviderski
+15
-87
@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ This guide covers both scenarios:
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Uncloud uses [Compose Specification](https://compose-spec.io/) for defining the deployment configuration of your app's
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services. It implements the most common Compose features with some Uncloud-specific extensions. See
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[Compose support matrix](../8-compose-file-reference/1-support-matrix.md) for details.
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[Compose support matrix](../../8-compose-file-reference/1-support-matrix.md) for details.
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## Prerequisites
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- `uc` CLI [installed](../2-getting-started/1-install-cli.md) on your local machine
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- An Uncloud cluster with at least one machine (see [Quick start](../2-getting-started/2-deploy-demo-app.md))
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- `uc` CLI [installed](../../2-getting-started/1-install-cli.md) on your local machine
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- An Uncloud cluster with at least one machine (see [Quick start](../../2-getting-started/2-deploy-demo-app.md))
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- Basic knowledge of [Compose Specification](https://compose-spec.io/)
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## Deploy from source code
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@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ This command looks for a Compose file in your current working directory and:
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5. **Deploys service containers** using the built images and latest configuration changes with zero-downtime rolling
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updates
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See the [uc deploy](../9-cli-reference/uc_deploy.md) reference for all available options.
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See the [uc deploy](../../9-cli-reference/uc_deploy.md) reference for all available options.
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Watch `uc deploy` building and deploying a demo app (18 seconds):
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@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ This generates tags like:
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`uc deploy` renders the image templates when it loads the Compose file and then uses the resulting names for the build
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and deploy stages.
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See the [Image tag format](../8-compose-file-reference/2-image-tag-format.md) reference for all available template
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See the [Image tag format](../../8-compose-file-reference/2-image-tag-format.md) reference for all available template
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variables and functions.
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### Separate build and deploy steps
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@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ machines. For example, images you built locally outside of the Compose workflow
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is unreachable from your cluster machines. This is useful for deploying to air-gapped or restricted environments.
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You can push these local images directly to your cluster machines using the
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[`uc image push`](../9-cli-reference/uc_image_push.md) command:
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[`uc image push`](../../9-cli-reference/uc_image_push.md) command:
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```shell
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# Push to *all* cluster machines
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@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ services:
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pull_policy: never
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```
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Run [`uc images`](../9-cli-reference/uc_images.md) to verify that the image is available on the target machines.
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Run [`uc images`](../../9-cli-reference/uc_images.md) to verify that the image is available on the target machines.
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Then deploy as usual:
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@@ -321,86 +321,6 @@ Choose unique names to avoid conflicts with services deployed from other Compose
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:::
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## Deploy to specific machines
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By default, Uncloud randomly chooses available machines to run your services on, spreading multiple replicas of a
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service across all machines for high availability. You can restrict which machines can run your service using the
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[`x-machines`](../8-compose-file-reference/1-support-matrix.md#x-machines) extension in your Compose file.
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This is useful when you want to:
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- Deploy services to machines in a specific region or data center
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- Run services only on machines with specific hardware (for example, GPUs or ARM processors)
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- Keep certain services isolated to dedicated machines
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- Deploy to a subset of machines for testing before rolling out cluster-wide
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Here's a basic example:
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```yaml
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services:
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web:
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build: .
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x-ports:
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- app.example.com:8000/https
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# Spread 3 replicas across machine-1 and machine-2 only
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scale: 3
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x-machines:
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- machine-1
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- machine-2
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db:
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image: postgres:18
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environment:
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POSTGRES_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD}
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volumes:
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- db-data:/var/lib/postgresql
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# Create the db-data volume and run the DB container on machine-db
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x-machines: machine-db
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volumes:
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db-data:
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```
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When you deploy this Compose file with `uc deploy`:
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- The `web` service will create and spread its 3 replicas only across `machine-1` and `machine-2`
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- The `db` service will create its `db-data` volume and run only on `machine-db`
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:::tip
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Use [`uc machine ls`](../9-cli-reference/uc_machine_ls.md) to see available machines in your cluster.
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:::
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### Push images to specific machines only
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When building from source, `uc deploy` and `uc build --push` automatically push images to **all** cluster machines by
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default. This ensures images are available wherever services might be deployed.
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If you're using `x-machines` to restrict deployments to specific machines, `uc deploy` and `uc build --push` push images
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only to those machines. This saves time and bandwidth by uploading images only where they're needed.
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## Run one replica on each machine
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To deploy exactly one service replica on each machine in your cluster, set
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[`mode: global`](https://github.com/compose-spec/compose-spec/blob/main/deploy.md#mode) under the `deploy` section. It's
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useful for cluster-wide services like monitoring agents, log collectors, or reverse proxies.
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You can also combine `mode: global` with `x-machines` to run one container on each machine in a specific set.
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```yaml
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services:
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monitoring:
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image: quay.io/prometheus/node-exporter:latest
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deploy:
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# Run one container on each machine in the cluster
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mode: global
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# Optionally run one container on each of these specific machines only
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#x-machines:
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# - machine-1
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# - machine-2
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```
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## Use a different Compose file location
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If your Compose file has a different name or location, use the `-f/--file` flag to specify its path:
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@@ -432,3 +352,11 @@ and inspecting the status of containers for a specific service:
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```shell
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uc inspect web
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```
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# See also
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- [Deploy to specific machines](2-deploy-specific-machines.md): Deploy services to specific machines in your cluster
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- [Deploy a global service](3-deploy-global-services.md): Deploy one service replica on each cluster machine
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- [Compose Specification](https://compose-spec.io/): Official specification for the Compose file format
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- [Compose support matrix](../../8-compose-file-reference/1-support-matrix.md): Supported Compose features and Uncloud
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extensions
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@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
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# Deploy to specific machines
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Deploy services to specific machines in your cluster using the
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[`x-machines`](../../8-compose-file-reference/1-support-matrix.md#x-machines) extension in your Compose file.
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## When to target specific machines
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By default, Uncloud randomly chooses available machines to run your services on, evenly spreading multiple replicas of a
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service across all machines for high availability. You can restrict which machines can run your service using the
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[`x-machines`](../../8-compose-file-reference/1-support-matrix.md#x-machines) extension in your Compose file.
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This is useful when you want to:
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- Deploy services to machines in a **specific region** or **data center**
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- Run services only on machines with **specific hardware** (for example, GPUs or ARM processors)
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- Specify where to deploy **stateful services** and create their data volumes
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- Keep certain services isolated to **dedicated machines**
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- Deploy to a subset of machines for **testing** before rolling out cluster-wide
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## Target machines in a Compose file
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Set `x-machines` to a list of machine names or a single machine name to restrict which machines a service can run on.
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```yaml title="compose.yaml"
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services:
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web:
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build: .
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x-ports:
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- app.example.com:8000/https
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# Spread 3 replicas across machine-1 and machine-2 only
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x-machines:
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- machine-1
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- machine-2
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scale: 3
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db:
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image: postgres:18
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environment:
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POSTGRES_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD}
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volumes:
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- db-data:/var/lib/postgresql
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# Create the db-data volume and run the DB container on machine-db
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x-machines: machine-db
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volumes:
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db-data:
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```
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When you deploy this Compose file with [`uc deploy`](../../9-cli-reference/uc_deploy.md):
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- The `web` service will create and spread its 3 replicas only across `machine-1` and `machine-2`
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- The `db` service will create its `db-data` volume and run only on `machine-db`
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:::tip
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Use [`uc machine ls`](../../9-cli-reference/uc_machine_ls.md) to see available machines in your cluster.
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:::
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## Push images to specific machines only
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When [building from source](1-deploy-app.md#deploy-from-source-code), `uc deploy` and `uc build --push` automatically
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push built images to **all** cluster machines by default. This ensures images are available wherever services might be
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deployed.
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If you're using `x-machines` to restrict deployments to specific machines, `uc deploy` and `uc build --push` push images
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**only to those** machines. This saves time and bandwidth by uploading images only where they're needed.
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You can also manually push your local Docker images to specific machines using the [
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`uc image push`](../../9-cli-reference/uc_image_push.md) command:
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```shell
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# Push the local Docker image 'myapp:latest' to machine-1 and machine-2
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uc image push myapp:latest -m machine-1,machine-2
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```
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See [Push local images to cluster machines](1-deploy-app.md#push-local-images-to-cluster-machines) for more details.
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## See also
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- [Deploy a global service](3-deploy-global-services.md): Deploy one service replica on each cluster machine
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- [Deploy an app](1-deploy-app.md): Deploy from source code or prebuilt images
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- [Compose support matrix](../../8-compose-file-reference/1-support-matrix.md): Supported Compose features and Uncloud
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extensions
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@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
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# Deploy a global service
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Deploy exactly one replica of a service on each machine in your cluster.
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This is useful for cluster-wide infrastructure services like monitoring or security agents, log collectors, or reverse
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proxies.
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## Deploy to all machines
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To deploy exactly one replica on each machine in your cluster for a specific service, set
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[`mode: global`](https://github.com/compose-spec/compose-spec/blob/main/deploy.md#mode) under the `deploy` section in
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your Compose file:
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```yaml title="compose.yaml"
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services:
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monitoring:
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image: quay.io/prometheus/node-exporter:latest
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deploy:
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# Run one container on each machine in the cluster
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mode: global
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```
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Then deploy:
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```shell
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uc deploy
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```
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Before creating replicas on cluster machines, it will show you a deployment plan and ask for confirmation.
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If you add more machines to the cluster later, you need to run `uc deploy` again to create replicas on the new machines.
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Uncloud doesn't automatically scale global services to new machines.
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## Deploy to a subset of machines
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You can combine the `global` mode with [`x-machines`](../../8-compose-file-reference/1-support-matrix.md#x-machines)
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to deploy one container to each specified machine:
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```yaml title="compose.yaml"
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services:
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caddy:
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image: caddy:2
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deploy:
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# Run one container on each of the three specified machines
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mode: global
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x-machines:
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- ingress-1
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- ingress-2
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- ingress-3
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```
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This is useful when you want a service on a specific group of machines (for example, ingress or GPU machines) but still
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want the one-per-machine guarantee that global mode provides.
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## Global vs replicated mode
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The default mode is `replicated`, where you specify the number of replicas.
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| Mode | Replicas | Placement |
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|------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| `replicated` (default) | You specify with `scale` or `deploy.replicas` | Uncloud evenly spreads replicas across all machines or `x-machines` |
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| `global` | Always one per machine | One replica on each machine or each `x-machines` machine |
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## See also
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- [Deploy to specific machines](2-deploy-specific-machines.md): Deploy services to specific machines in your cluster
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- [Compose Specification: deploy.mode](https://github.com/compose-spec/compose-spec/blob/main/deploy.md#mode):
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Compose specification for deployment modes
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@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
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label: Deployments
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collapsed: false # keep the category open by default
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link:
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type: generated-index
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